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AN INTERNSHIP ON

PATAN ACADEMY OF HEALTH SCIENCES (PAHS)

LIBRARY

Internship report submitted to

Department of Library and information Science

In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the

Masters in Library and Information Science, Final semester

By

ARJUN THAPA

Roll no.: 02666, 4th Semester

T.U. Registration No.: 7-1-278-236-2003

Submitted to

Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Central Department of Library and Information Science

Kritipur, Kathmandu

May, 2016

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Table of Contents

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 5

1.2 Objectives of Internship ................................................................................................ 6

1.3 Organization Introduction ............................................................................................. 6

1.3.1 History of Patan Hospital........................................................................................ 6

1.3.2 Patan Academy of Health Science.......................................................................... 7

1.3.4 PAHS Library ......................................................................................................... 7

1.3.4.1 Collection Status .............................................................................................. 8

1.3.4.2 Library Building ............................................................................................... 8

1.3.4.3 Library Opening Time...................................................................................... 8

1.3.4.4 Library Budget ................................................................................................. 8

1.3.4.5 Human resources in Library ............................................................................. 8

1.4 Activities and Experience in the Library ...................................................................... 9

1.4.1 Acquisition Section................................................................................................. 9

1.4.2 Processing Section .................................................................................................. 9

1.4.3 Circulation Section ............................................................................................... 10

1.4.4 Reference Section ................................................................................................. 10

1.4.5 Library Automation .............................................................................................. 11

1.4.6 Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) ............................................................ 12

1.4.7 E-Resource............................................................................................................ 13

1.4.8 Periodicals Section................................................................................................ 13

1.4.9 E-resources Section .............................................................................................. 13

1.5 Future Plans ............................................................................................................. 13

1.5 Work Summaries ..................................................................................................... 14

1.6 Problems and Recommendations ................................................................................ 16

1.6.1 Problems ............................................................................................................... 16

1.6.2 Recommendations................................................................................................. 17

1.7 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 19

1.8 APPENDIX ................................................................................................................. 20

1.9 References ................................................................................................................... 21

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Acknowledgement

First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my respectable teacher and

HOD, (Central Department of Library and information Science) Mr. Bhim Dhoj Shrestha.

I would like to express my gratitude to my respectable teacher Dr. Madhusudhan Karki,

Dr. Prf. Mohan Raj Pradhan and Mr. Yajya Raj Bhatt for their teaching which has, in one

another way motivated me to undertake and accomplish my report.

I feel a profound pleasure to express my heartiest thanks, sincere guideline, and deepest

sense of appreciation to my supervisor, for his scholastic guidance, advice, constructive

criticism and constant inspiration from the beginning to the completion of this research.

He also painstakingly edited the work and offered valuable suggestions for improvement

of this untiring cooperation. Without his direction, guidance, suggestion, inspiration,

instruction, constructive criticism, stimulation and constant encouragement, the

accomplishment of this work would have not been possible.

I am highly grateful to the PAHS Library staffs of who have given me the practical

knowledge about the Library operations. I am grateful to all my teachers of the

Department of Library and Information Science of Kritipur for their helpfulness, valuable

suggestions and providing necessary information to complete the report perfectly. There

are many people to whom I am grateful for the professional and personal support in the

completion of my report. For completing this study, I had to depend upon PAHS library

Website, Library Automation and different information sources.

Arjun Thapa

Roll No. 02666

MLBSc, 4th Semester

T.U. Registration no.: 7-1-278-236-2003

March-2016

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

CD-ROM: Compact Disc Read-Only Memory

MBBS: Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery

PG: Post Graduate

OA: Open Access

PAHS: Patan Academy of Health Science

TU: Tribhuvan University

WWW: World Wide Web

NLM: National Library of Medicine

HINARI: Health Inter Network Access to Research Initiative

SDI: Selective Dissemination of Information

HTML: Hypertext Markup

SGML: Standard Generalized Markup Language

UMN: United Mission to Nepal

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INTERNSHIP IN PATAN ACADEMY OF HEALTH SCIENCE (PAHS)

LIBRARY

1.1 Introduction

Internship prepares students for a profession career related to the major therefore it is

important that interns get hands on experiences. An intern is someone who works in a

temporary position for an employer that operates in an industry they are interested in

working in. Unlike conventional employment, internships have an emphasis on training,

rather than employment itself. An Internship provides a great opportunity for prospective

employees to gain experience in a particular field or industry, determine if they have an

interest in a particular career, create a network of contacts, or gain university module

credits. Interns may also have the possibility of putting themselves forward for

forthcoming opportunities for paid work, during their Internship.

Internships for professional careers are similar in some ways to apprenticeships for trade

and vocational jobs, but the lack of standardization and oversight leaves the term open to

broad interpretation. Interns may be college or university students, high school students,

or post-graduate adults. These positions may be paid or unpaid and are usually

temporary.

Generally, an internship consists of an exchange of services for experience between the

student and an organization. Students can also use an internship to determine if they have

an interest in a particular career, to create a network of contacts, or to gain school credit.

Some interns find permanent, paid employment with the organizations for which they

worked upon completion of the internship. This can be a significant benefit to the

employer as experienced interns often need little or no training when they begin regular

employment. Unlike a trainee program, employment at the completion of an internship is

not guaranteed.

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According to Business dictionary

“Period of supervised training required for qualifying for a profession. It follows a

specified number of academic credits or classroom years.”

According to Messiah College and the Technology Council of Central Pennsylvania

“An internship is any carefully monitored work or service experience in which a student

has intentional learning goals and reflects actively on what she or he is learning

throughout the experience.”

1.2 Objectives of Internship

To gain practical experience by working library

To observe unique challenges of the research library environment.

To performs professional responsibilities in a tenure track library setting.

To become better acquainted with the work.

To provide career awareness for the students.

To help the students to develop job search skills.

To develop critical awareness of professionalism in librarianship.

To develop self confidence as they indentify skills abilities and talents.

1.3 Organization Introduction

1.3.1 History of Patan Hospital

The United Mission to Nepal (UMN), an international Christian organization, founded

Shanta Bhawan Hospital almost 50 years ago as a pioneering autonomous hospital to

serve the underprivileged people of Nepal. In 1982, the hospital merged with Lalitpur

Hospital to form Patan Hospital, still under the management of UMN. UMN recently

decided to relinquish its role. This decision allowed Patan Hospital to become a self-

sufficient institution managed by its Nepali staff, and to continue its dedication to quality

compassionate care for the disadvantaged. Now, by becoming the teaching hospital of

PAHS, Patan Hospital will continue to grow and proceed into the future.( pahs.edu,2016).

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1.3.2 Patan Academy of Health Science

The Patan Academy of Health Sciences is an autonomous, not-for-profit public institution

of higher education which, when in full operation, will be self-sustaining. By providing

for the needs of Nepal’s rural poor, PAHS will address a root cause of the conflict that

devastated Nepal for the last decade. Reducing the divide between the urban and rural

populations will provide a basis for lasting peace in Nepal.

Currently, most medical schools in Nepal are for-profit, and medical education is very

traditional. Medical schools do not adequately emphasize the health care challenges of

Nepal, nor provide students with a feeling of social responsibility to improve health care

for disadvantaged populations. In contrast, PAHS will employ highly innovative

strategies in several areas to encourage its graduates to work to improve the health status

of the rural poor.

1.3.4 PAHS Library

PAHS is an academic institution so it has own well-equipped library which serve to all

Faculty Member, Intern, Medical Officer (MO), Medical students, Technical/non-

technical staff. Almost 4000 books are organized according to NLM (National Library of

Medicine) classification and cataloged by following AACR-2 rules. Library has 1300

titles of books including 950 reference books. Students are compulsory to become

member of library and faculty is optional for membership. More than 400 members has

membership card. Library users’ flow has more than 25% everyday and it increased day

by day due to library is growing organism.

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1.3.4.1 Collection Status

General information about Collection Status

Total Books (headcount) 4337

Text Books or Circulation Books 3323

Reference Books 1014

Total Titles 1584

Journal Back Issue/ Bound volumes Journal (Since1990) Titles 70-75

CD/DVD Accessible 193

Check Out till Today 31524

Check In Till Today 31194

1.3.4.2 Library Building

Library Building all the activities of the library are performed from new building on 5th

floor of Pediatrics Block. The present total measurement of the buildings is 4000 Square

ft. mini library/Basic Science library is situated on Basic Science Block.

1.3.4.3 Library Opening Time

Library Opening Time

Central Library Sunday – Friday (8:00 -19:00)

Mini/Basic science Library Sunday-Tuesday, Thursday- Friday (8:00 – 16:00)

1.3.4.4 Library Budget

PAHS Library, main financial sources is parent organization.

1.3.4.5 Human resources in Library

The manpower resources are an important component of the library management. PAHS

Library opening 8:00 am – 19:00 pm (11hrs) except Saturday, morning and evening two

shift. Library duty can be change if management required.

Department Chief Librarian Assistants General support Staffs Total

Library 1 4 3 8

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1.4 Activities and Experience in the Library

1.4.1 Acquisition Section

Acquisition section is an important section of the library. The library cannot procure any

book and journal without the requisition of the respective departmental chairman.

1.4.2 Processing Section

Without processing, no book can be made readily available for users. To locate a book

very quickly, processing it properly is essential. After receipt of library materials, there is

number of jobs to be done in the library, such as, physical checkup of books, sealing,

cataloguing, classification, data entry, preparing book slips, book pockets, bar coding,

pasting and finally shelving.

Technical Processing Of Library Materials as Below:

Technical Processing Section plays a key role to function the library. It makes a bridge

between the acquisitions of documents to the Circulation. The Technical Processing

Section of PAHS Library also plays a vital role to run the functioning of this library

services smoothly. Overall these steps follow by PAHS Library:

Classification of books following NLM and LC scheme latest edition.

Cataloguing of books following AACR-II.

Prepare Subject Heading following MeSH.

Using OCLC Dewey cutter program v1.10.6 for uniformity.

New arrivals with bibliographic details are updated on Libinfo v2.0. Database and

OPAC.

PAHS Library has recorded all library materials in hard copy and soft copy with

bibliographical details.

Entry on accession register, Stamping, labeling barcode, spine-label, Books pocket,

due date slip and written on clue page.

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Preparing / Update Database using Libinfo v2.0.

Generating Bar-Code using LibInfo Software v2.0.

Update database for the classified books also for Binding, Lost Books etc.

Generate list of new arrival of books which includes bibliographic details including

Abstract as a new acquisition.

PAHS Library also informs all new acquisition of library materials on pahs-

np.demo.libguides & email notice board to users’.

Put hardcopy of new arrivals into display board. Simultaneously those books are

kept for 'New Arrival' Display. During that week we restrict those books for any

issue.

Maintain archive for all books processed and shelved since the year 1982.

1.4.3 Circulation Section

Circulation Services assists library patrons with the location and circulation of library

materials. Functions include check-outs and check-ins of materials, Notify overdue and

collection of fines and other charges, re-shelving of library materials, maintaining order

in shelving areas. Circulation Services also assists provide membership, reissue for lost

library card, and patrons with general questions about the PAHS Library.

1.4.4 Reference Section

The PAHS Library assists to all library users, from helping with quick information.

References services are very important to special library users. PAHS Library provides

reference services through rare valuable books, Dictionary, Encyclopedia, yearbooks and

latest journal. Each set at least one copy of ordinary books are kept in reference section.

Users can use reference books within library. Other types of reference service like short

time and long time reference service as well as ready reference service are provided form

library. References books are issued for faculty and clinical students for overnight.

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1.4.5 Library Automation

ICTs have changed the way information is created and distributed. They have also

changed the way libraries select, acquire, organize and deliver information. Librarians

must adapt to this change and acquire skill in using automated library systems. PAHS

library has been used Library automation (LIBINFO v2.0) for the library housekeeping.

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1.4.6 Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC)

Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) for libraries appeared in the 1980s and then

Web‐ based OPACs began to emerge in the late 1990s. The Web OPACs are a natural

progression in technological development and could be termed as an advanced second

generation OPAC. It is an improvement on traditional OPACs serving as a gateway to the

resources not only held by a particular library but also to the holdings of other linked

libraries and to regional, national and international resources. In library OPAC you can

find a huge collection of Titles ranging from general genres to rare reports. You can

browse out catalogues from the search form given above.

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1.4.7 E-Resource

In the PAHS library and media tech center of Basic Science block, there are altogether 34

desktop computers for the use of patrons. The PAHS library offers free access to the Up-

to-date (http:www.uptodate.com - currently full access is restricted as our subscription is

undergoing review and approval process for renewal Oct 1, 2015) and database like

HINARI (www.who.int/hinari) and other resources (e.g. CINAHL, Cochrane and many

others) linked to it via auto login at the computers. There are two scanners and two

photocopy machine, for the official and educational usage. The photocopy services are

meant for library resources and it can be obtained at the minimum cost.

1.4.8 Periodicals Section

There is a journal section to give journal service. National and international journal are

managed for users. Bound volume of backdated journal and current issue journal are

available in library. Journals are also classified according to NLM classification where

general surgery, medicine, obstratrics/gyaenocology, pediatrics, public health,

pharmacology and other health related journals are kept.

1.4.9 E-resources Section

Internet service is essential for today’s world. The library is adopting greater electronic

access of information. So internet is access to users and free Wi-Fi service also access. E-

resources like HINARY, Pub med, up to date are in access to its users. More than 10

computers are available for the use of e-resources. Other services: Except above services,

the library provided other types of service like photocopy of personal documents, library

instruction, find out books through automation helping to arrange documents, daily

newspaper and many more.

1.5 Future Plans

According to library authority the following are the tasks still to be accomplished:

PAHS library main future plan is security gate installation as soon as possible.

Homework to e-library

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Adding more PC in library.

Adding to more internet bandwidth in library.

Renovating book‐ordering system through acquisition module of the new software.

Reading room and group study room facilities.

1.5 Work Summaries

Internship Details

During the period of 15th Magh - 14th Falgun 2072

Institute /Organization: PAHS Library (Time 11am -19pm, 8hrs per day)

Intern Name: Arjun Thapa

Date Internship Summaries Remarks

15th Magh 2072 Attempt to internship orientation, meeting and discuses about internship at

PAHS Library

16th Magh 2072 Off day

17th Magh 2072 Off day

18th Magh 2072 Arrangement periodical, provide reprography services, discuses about

automation libinfo.

19th Magh 2072 Scanning some documents of faculty and given some instruction to new

member, provided reference service and finally books shelving

20th Magh 2072 Collect library memberships form of new batch provides reference service

and end of day books shelving.

21st Magh 2072 Create a database in excel and LibInfo automation of new member all 55.

22nd Magh 2072 Provide library card with barcode and all collected database sent to admin for

ID card. Provide overall circulation services.

23rd Magh2072 Off day

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24thMagh 2072 Off day

25th Magh 2072 Changing setup of library for enhanced and effectiveness services.

26th Magh 2072 Arranging network cables properly

27th Magh 2072 Literature search on topic: Maternal group B streptococcus-related stillbirth: a

systematic review. Check-in/ checkout books and informed notice to overdue

member.

28th Magh 2072 Reporting about printing and photocopy services to administration.

29th Magh 2072 Books maintained with simple binding, check loan status of resigned member

and listing on resigned of membership, calculated library fine and deposited

on bank.

1st Falgun, 2072 Off day

2nd Falgun 2072 Off day

3rd Falgun 2072 Cataloguing of some books and books shelving.

4th Falgun 2072 Technical processing of books: various tasks as stamping, labeling spine, past

due date, book pocket, entry and database creates in library software and

OPAC.

5th Falgun 2072 Provide reference service, circulation services and arrangement of journals in

proper places.

6th Falgun 2072 Literature search in given 10 topic by faculty and books check-in/check-out.

7th Falgun 2072 Keep the library visitors record in database, provided the reprography

services, forwarded lost id card detail of student to communication officer.

8th Falgun 2072 Off day

9th Falgun 2072 Off day

10th Falgun 072 Up-to-dated of library books on holding list, help to circulation desk.

11th Falgun 2072 Technical processing of new books and assists to library users.

12th Falgun 2072 Checking the Missed shelving books and order them proper place, Books

check-in and check-out.

13th Falgun 2072 Keeping record of CD-DVD in excel database and order them according to

subject wise.

14th Falgun 2072 Cataloguing of some books, keeping data record of new faculty member and

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issued some books for overnight, Finally given thanks to all staffs for co-

operation.

1.6 Problems and Recommendations

1.6.1 Problems

The concept of this study arose from a general observation. In PAHS Library, users

frequently ask about the library resources. They also tend to rely on staff members to tell

them about desired but unavailable items, renew any outstanding books and inform them

of any fines. Yet, all of these tasks could actually be performed using the library’s

service. In theory, there should be a huge demand for the library services offer. The

problems facing PAHS Library considering my experiences, I think we need to carefully

look into the following problems and constraints for possible solutions:

Administrative factors: This factor is much more acute than other factors.

Administrators, policy makers, and library executives are not fully aware of the

importance of library services.

Training program: Lack of proper training program, training facilities and lack

of trained personnel.

Lack of support from the higher authorities: Lack of reliable supports

(financial, technical, infrastructural, institutional, and administrative, etc.) from

the higher authority creates severe problems.

Library services: Lack of recognition of the importance of libraries and library

services.

Lack of computer literate professionals: Although computer is becoming

popular in Nepal, still we have of lack of computer literate professionals. Many

senior and old information professionals do not know how to operate computer.

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Library planning: Lack of proper library planning and lack of commitment by

the University authority.

Insufficient budget: Lack of sufficient budget and budgeting practices is the

main problem for improving better library services.

Space & equipment: Shortage of space and equipment are the main problem to

serve better service.

Co‐operation: Lack of co‐operation among libraries and lack of co‐operative

spirit among library personnel.

Awareness program: In PAHS Library there is no section for improvement

where awareness program for personnel and library users.

ICT facilities: In case of adequate ICT facilities, the personnel and library users

are not getting sophisticated ICT facilities. There are not adequate computer labs

and other ICT facilities for personnel and library users.

Extension Service: There are no adequate external services i.e. seminar,

symposium, lectures, exhibition, displays rear collections, booklets and new

arrival collections, film shows, phonorecords, microfilm and other materials.

Availability: Lack of availability of bibliography tools for selection, cataloguing

and reference purposes.

1.6.2 Recommendations

Today’s world is the information and technology world. Information disseminates

through physical or virtual means. Information is essential in every sector whether it is

Physical (physical library) or virtual (e-library). Even there are many facilities and

services which are provided by library to the users, there are some deficiencies and

limitation in providing access to the information. Based on findings and conclusion,

followings recommendations are suggested. In the light of the experiences gained from

the mentioned issues, the PAHS Library should take the following recommendations to

promote, healthy growth and development the library services:

Orientation program: The library should organize orientation programs on

how to use the library services for the all new users.

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Finance: The amount of finance at present provided for PAHS Library is very

small and inadequate by standard. PAHS authority must raise the amount of

funds for library in the interest of depiction better services of the users.

Proper catalogue system: A proper user education program on the use of

catalogue for the retrieval of books and other information sources should be

organized and made mandatory for all users. Such a program should be

coordinated by the university librarian and other qualified librarians in the

institution. Library authority should organize demonstrations on the use of the

catalogue every semester and wide publicity should be give to create

awareness among users. Guidelines on use of the catalogue should be

prepared and displayed where users can easily see them.

Number of computer: The number of computers for users in library is very

low compare to number of students served by the library. The library authority

should increase the number of computers with Internet connection.

Regular update: PAHS Library’s all reading materials, Journal, E‐ journals,

Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) should be updated regularly.

Need more Internet speed: Improvements are also needed in terms of

increasing bandwidth for better network services.

Regular training program: Library authority should introduce different training programs. types of basic things such as cataloging (both manual and electronic), classification, bibliography, indexing and abstracting, electronic information delivery, public relation, email, Internet, so that the unskilled library professional can handle information efficiently and made for increasing their professional capabilities.

Wi‐Fi Connection: Library authority should facilitate Wi‐Fi Connection. So

that users can cope up with the modern technological advancement which will

make them capable to compete with the other renowned libraries throughout

the world.

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1.7 Conclusion

PAHS Library caters to the need of all the teachers, researchers and students of the PAHS.

So, I think that, it is most essential to develop the library at any cost. It takes the opportunity

to modernize its services for its learned users. The users of PAHS library are regularly visited

to the library for their study. The findings have revealed valuable information for future

planning. Based on the findings, there are numbers of issues which have to be solved for

better performance of library services. According to the users, text books should be more in

the library. They wanted to issue more than three books for long time period. The library time

should be increased and computer facilities should be given. The environment of the library

should be peaceful and the resources of the library should be added. The authority concerned

should be meticulous to take necessary steps immediately in this regard.

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1.8 APPENDIX

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1.9 References

1. www.pahs.edu.np

2. http://172.16.5.200/libinfopatan/admin/main.php

3. http://172.16.5.200/libinfopatan/users/pop.php?f=cstatus

4. Rayamajhi, Januka “users study of patan academy of health sciences (PAHS) library

5. http://pahs-np.demo.libguides.com/PAHSlibrary

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