Dennis P. Jones
Presented to the
Governor’s Solutions to Poverty Conference
Monroe, Louisiana
December 6, 2004
National Center for Higher Education Management SystemsP.O. Box 9752 Boulder, Colorado 80301-9752 (303) 497-0301
An Overview of Poverty in
Louisiana
2
Purposes
To Present Information About the Incidence of Poverty in Louisiana
To Make the Connection Between Poverty and Other Conditions that Suggest Solutions
Education
Employment
3
Percent of Families Living in Poverty—Louisiana,
1999
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Mississippi
LouisianaNew M
exicoW
est VirginiaKentuckyAlabam
aArkansasTexasNew YorkO
klahoma
South CarolinaCaliforniaM
ontanaTennesseeArizonaG
eorgiaSouth DakotaUnited StatesFloridaNorth CarolinaRhode IslandM
issouriIdahoNorth DakotaW
yoming
Oregon
IllinoisM
aineO
hioPennsylvaniaHawaiiNevadaM
ichiganW
ashingtonVirginiaAlaskaIndianaKansasM
assachusettsNebraskaDelawareUtahNew JerseyVerm
ontColoradoM
arylandIowaConnecticutW
isconsinM
innesotaNew Ham
pshire
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
9.2
4.3
16
.01
5.8
4
Percent of Families Living in Poverty—Louisiana,
1999
Louisiana = 15.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. JamesSt. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. JamesSt. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
7.6% to 10.8%10.8% to 15.7%15.7% to 20.1%20.1% to 24.2%24.2% to 32.6%
5
Percent of Children Living in Poverty—Louisiana,
1999
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
0
10
20
30
16
.7
7.8
27
.4M
ississippiLouisianaNew M
exicoW
est VirginiaAlabam
aArkansasKentuckyTexasNew YorkCaliforniaSouth CarolinaO
klahoma
ArizonaM
ontanaTennesseeG
eorgiaFloridaSouth DakotaRhode IslandUnited StatesNorth CarolinaM
issouriIdahoPennsylvaniaO
regonIllinoisO
hioW
yoming
NevadaHawaiiM
aineM
ichiganNorth DakotaW
ashingtonDelawareVirginiaIndianaNebraskaM
assachusettsKansasVerm
ontColoradoNew JerseyAlaskaW
isconsinIowaM
arylandConnecticutUtahM
innesotaNew Ham
pshire
26
.9
6
Percent of Children Living in Poverty—Louisiana,
1999
11.9% to 20.1%20.1% to 25.6%25.6% to 30.9%30.9% to 40.1%40.1% to 54.7%
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Louisiana = 26.9%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Number of Families Living in Poverty
By Parish, 1999
Orleans
East Baton RougeJeffersonCaddoCalcasieuO
uachitaLafayetteSt. LandryRapidesTangipahoaTerrebonneSt. Tam
many
IberiaAcadiaLafourcheSt. M
aryBossierEvangelineVerm
ilionSt. M
artinLivingstonAvoyellesW
ashingtonAscensionNatchitochesSt. BernardM
orehouseW
ebsterLincolnVernonSt. John the BaptistIbervilleJefferson DavisDe SotoFranklinConcordiaRichlandAssum
ptionSt. CharlesBeauregardPointe CoupeeSabineAllenPlaquem
inesSt. Jam
esClaiborneM
adisonEast FelicianaBienvilleUnionG
rantW
est Baton RougeW
innEast CarrollJacksonCatahoulaRed RiverSt. HelenaW
est CarrollLa SalleCaldwellTensasW
est FelicianaCam
eron
03
,00
06
,00
09
,00
01
2,0
00
15
,00
0
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
247
26,988
8
Per Capita Personal Income, 1999
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
ConnecticutNew JerseyM
assachusettsM
arylandColoradoVirginiaNew Ham
pshireNew YorkDelawareM
innesotaIllinoisW
ashingtonCaliforniaAlaskaM
ichiganNevadaRhode IslandUnited StatesFloridaHawaiiW
isconsinG
eorgiaO
hioO
regonPennsylvaniaVerm
ontKansasIndianaNorth CarolinaArizonaM
issouriIowaTexasNebraskaM
aineTennesseeW
yoming
South CarolinaAlabam
aUtahKentuckyIdahoNorth DakotaO
klahoma
South DakotaNew M
exicoM
ontanaLouisianaArkansasW
est VirginiaM
ississippi
21
,58
7
16
,91
2
15
,85
3
28
,76
6
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
9
Per Capita Personal Income as a Percent of U.S. Average—
Louisiana, 1960-2000
78.0%74.3%
77.7%
86.7%
75.8%
60%
80%
100%
120%
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Source: U.S. Census Bureau; Statistical Abstract of the United States, 2003
10
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
Cameron VermilionIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
Cameron VermilionIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Per Capita Personal Income, 1999
Louisiana = $16,912
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census
$17,858 to $22,514$15,445 to $17,858$13,424 to $15,445$12,146 to $13,424
$9,629 to $12,146
11
Louisiana Income Distribution by Race for Population
Age 18-64 Who Work at Least 35 Hours per Week, 1999
30.0
39.6
17.4
7.0 6.0
56.5
31.3
8.4
2.2 1.6
0
20
40
60
$0 to $19,999 $20,000 to $39,999 $40,000 to $59,999 $60,000 to $79,999 $80,000+
Per
cent
White Black
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census 5% PUMS Files
12
Average Earnings by Race/Ethnicity and Degree-Level
(Working at Least 35 Hours per Week)
34
,96
2
41
,92
2
60
,48
5
89
,84
6
14
,09
2
24
,65
3
29
,31
7
40
,18
2
20
,21
9
29
,42
2
34
,61
2
58
,97
8
12
,49
6
19
,73
5
27
,90
2
36
,14
1
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
High School Associate Bachelor's Graduate/Prof.
White MalesWhite FemalesAfrican-American MalesAfrican-American Females
13
State Health Rankings, 2004
Source: United Health Foundation
25
.02
3.9
22
.81
7.7
17
.61
7.3 15
.81
5.0
14
.41
3.7
13
.2 11
.71
1.6
10
.9 9.1 7
.37
.2 6.4
6.3
5.9 5.2 3
.6 3.0
2.9
2.8 2.1
2.1
2.0 0
.30
.30
.1
-2.0
-2.7 -4
.2 -5.8
-6.6
-7.1
-7.2
-7.5
-8.4 -1
0.4
-10
.4-1
1.1
-12
.1-1
2.9
-13
.1-2
0.2
-21
.3
-0.1
-0.1
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
Minnesota
New Hampshire
Vermont
HawaiiUtahM
assachusettsNorth DakotaConnecticutW
isconsinM
aineIowaNebraskaColoradoRhode IslandW
ashingtonKansasNew JerseyIdahoSouth DakotaVirginiaO
regonCaliforniaArizonaAlaskaPennsylvaniaM
ontanaO
hioW
yoming
IllinoisM
ichiganNew York
DelawareIndiana
MarylandTexas
Missouri
NevadaNew M
exicoKentucky
Oklahom
aNorth Carolina
FloridaAlabam
aW
est VirginiaG
eorgiaArkansas
South CarolinaTennesseeM
ississippiLouisiana
14
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Number of Deaths Due to Heart Disease Per
100,000 Population, 2002
128 to 198198 to 237237 to 311311 to 397397 to 444
Correlation with Per CapitaPersonal Income: -0.5
Louisiana = 248
Source: Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
15
Development Report Card for the States, 2003
Source: Corporation for Enterprise Development
Louisiana
Strengths (Top 10 Rank)
Rank Measure3 Manufacturing Investment4 Change in Average Annual Pay7 Voting Rate9 Sewage Treatment Needs10 Air Quality
41 PhD Scientists and Engineers41 Teen Pregnancy41 Toxic Release Inventory42 Basic Educational Skills Proficiency—
Reading43 Electronic Public Services43 Health Professional Shortage Areas43 Uninsured Low Income Children44 Rural/Urban Disparity44 High School Attainment44 Patents Issued44 Involuntary Part-Time Employment45 High School Completion45 SBIR Grants45 Personal Income from Dividends,
Rent & Interest46 Infant Mortality46 Greenhouse Gas Emissions46 Net Migration47 Employment Growth: Short Term47 College Attainment47 Crime Rate47 Private R&D47 Poverty Rate48 Employer Health Coverage48 Income Distribution48 Technology Industry Employment48 Households with Computers48 Employment Growth: Long Term49 Per Capita Energy Consumption50 Federal R&D
Weaknesses (Bottom 10 Rank)
Rank Measure
Employment FEarnings and Job Quality DEquity FQuality of Life FResource Efficiency D
Competitiveness of Existing Bus. CEntrepreneurial Energy C
Human Resources FFinancial Resources CInfrastructure Resources CAmenity Resources CInnovation Assets F
Performance
Business Vitality
DevelopmentCapacity
F
C
D
16
Education
Association Between Percentage of Population Age 25-64 with a Bachelor’s Degree and Personal Income Per Capita
17
AL
AK
AZ
AR
CA
CO
CT
DE
GAHI
IL
IN
IA
KS
KY
LA
ME
MDMA
MS
MT
NE
NV
NJ
NY
NC
ND
OH
OK
ORPA
RI
SC
SD
UT
VT
VA
WA
WIUSFL
ID
MI
MN
MO
NH
NM
TN TX
WV
WY
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
R2 = 0.80
Percent of Population with a Bachelor’s Degree or Higher, 2000
Personal Income
Per Capita, 1999
Association Between Percentage of Population Age 25-64 with a Bachelor’s Degree and State Health Index
18
AL
AKAZ
AR
CA
CO
CT
DE
GA
HI
ILIN
IA
KS
KY
LA
ME
MD
MA
MS
MT
NE
NV
NJ
NY
NC
ND
OH
OK
ORPA
RI
SC
SD
UT
VT
VA
WA
WI
FL
ID
MI
MN
MO
NH
NM
TN
TX
WV
WY
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
R2 = 0.69
Percent of Population with a Bachelor’s Degree or Higher, 2000
State Health Index, 2004
19
Educational Attainment and Rank Among States—
Louisiana, 2000 (Percent)
Age 18-24 withHigh School Diploma
Age 25-64 withHigh School Diploma
Age 25-64 withAssociate Degree
Age 25-64 withBachelor’s Degree or Higher
Age 25-64 withGraduate or Prof. Degree
41st
47th
50th
45th
44th
01020304050
72.3
6.8
20.1
4.0
79.2
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
20
Percent Educational Attainment of Population Age 25-64
By Race/Ethnicity—Louisiana, 2000
15.8
33.9
4.3
15.8
7.9
30.933.0
21.4
3.2
7.8
3.7
22.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Less than HS High School Some College Associate Bachelor's Graduate/Prof.
White Black
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census
21
Percent of Population Age 25-64 with Less than a
High School Diploma, 2000
Mississippi
CaliforniaTexasLouisianaKentuckyAlabam
aSouth CarolinaArkansasW
est VirginiaTennesseeNevadaNew M
exicoG
eorgiaArizonaNorth CarolinaNew YorkFloridaRhode IslandUnited StatesO
klahoma
IllinoisVirginiaIndianaM
issouriNew JerseyDelawareO
hioIdahoPennsylvaniaM
arylandO
regonM
ichiganConnecticutM
assachusettsColoradoW
ashingtonUtahKansasHawaiiM
aineW
isconsinSouth DakotaVerm
ontAlaskaNebraskaNew Ham
pshireIowaW
yoming
Montana
North DakotaM
innesota
0
5
10
15
20
25 22
.4 20
.8
16
.1
7.6
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000
22
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Number of Residents Age 25-64 with Less than a
High School Diploma, 2000
Louisiana = 467,474
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census
970 to 1,6201,620 to 2,8952,895 to 7,1327,132 to 15,284
15,284 to 51,394
23
Percent of Population Age 18-24 with
No High School Diploma
NevadaTexasArizonaG
eorgiaNew M
exicoCaliforniaM
ississippiFloridaAlabam
aLouisianaNorth CarolinaO
regonSouth CarolinaUnited StatesO
klahoma
KentuckyColoradoTennesseeW
ashingtonArkansasIllinoisNew YorkNew JerseyIndianaM
ichiganM
issouriO
hioAlaskaIdahoDelawareNew Ham
pshireConnecticutSouth DakotaW
est VirginiaKansasM
ontanaM
aineW
isconsinW
yoming
Minnesota
VirginiaM
arylandPennsylvaniaNebraskaUtahRhode IslandIowaM
assachusettsVerm
ontNorth DakotaHawaii
14
.2
27
.7 25
.3
33
.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000
24
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
Cameron VermilionIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
Cameron VermilionIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Number of Residents Age 18-24 with Less than a
High School Diploma, 2000
Louisiana = 131,520
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census
220 to 478478 to 713713 to 1,760
1,760 to 4,3554,355 to 14,078
25
GEDs Awarded to Population Age 18-24 per 1,000 Residents
Age 18-24 with Less than a High School Diploma, 2000
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
Maine
Wyom
ingAlaskaM
ontanaKentuckyRhode IslandO
regonUtahIndianaVerm
ontIowaKansasNew Ham
pshireNorth DakotaW
est VirginiaNew M
exicoFloridaW
isconsinColoradoW
ashingtonTennesseeM
innesotaSouth DakotaNebraskaHawaiiNew YorkArkansasO
hioM
assachusettsO
klahoma
Georgia
VirginiaUnited StatesM
ississippiM
ichiganM
issouriIllinoisM
arylandPennsylvaniaConnecticutAlabam
aNevadaNorth CarolinaTexasLouisianaArizonaSouth CarolinaNew JerseyDelawareCaliforniaIdaho
14
0.7
39
.6 31
.4
5.8
Louisiana Awarded 4,128 GEDs to 131,520 Residents Age 18-24 with Less than a High School Diploma
Source: GED Testing Service, U.S. Census Bureau
26
The Education Pipeline
27
Key Transition Points in the Education Pipeline
Complete High School
Enter College
Finish College
Enter the Workplace
28
Student Pipeline
86
58
42
28
67
38
26
18
56
33
22
12
38.8
26.719.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Graduate fromHigh School
Enter College Enroll SophomoreYear
Graduate Within150%
25-44 withBachelor's Degree
Best Performing State U.S. Average Louisiana
Source: NCES, IPEDS 2000 Graduation Rates and Fall 2000 Enrollments. U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census. ACT Institutional Survey 2001. Mortenson High School Graduation Rates and College Going Rates.
Of 100 9th Graders, How Many…
29
Percent of Whites and African-Americans at Each Stage of the
Education Pipeline, 2000
56.5 57.860.6 61.7
37.9 38.6
31.328.1
64.4
27.5
0
25
50
75
18-Year-Olds High SchoolGraduates
First-TimeFreshmen
All OtherUndergraduates
Completers
White African-American
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census. NCES Common Core Data. NCES, IPEDS Fall 2000 Enrollments and 2000 Completions
30
Projected Change in Louisiana Population by Age and
Race/Ethnicity, 2000-20
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
-45,273
-12,098
73,365
196,647
60,161
17,291
58,363
104,460
73,605
-87,196-100,000
0
100,000
200,000 White Black
0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+
31
Louisiana Public High School Graduate Projections to 2018 by
Race/Ethnicity
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
American Indian/Alaskan Native (205 to 352)Asian/Pacific Islander (656 to 569)Hispanic (506 to 1,170)
Black (14,944 to 14,373)White (21,684 to 16,709)
Source: WICHE High School Graduate Projections
32
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Parishes Where 80% of Louisiana’s Black Population
Resides, 2000
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census
Orleans 22.4%East Baton Rouge 11.4%Caddo 7.8%Jefferson Davis 7.2%Ouachita 3.4%La Salle 3.1%Calcasieu 3.0%Rapides 2.7%St. Landry 2.5%Tangipahoa 2.0%All Others < 2.0%
33
High School Graduation Rates—Public High School Graduates
as a Percent of 9th Graders Four Years Earlier, 2000
New JerseyNorth DakotaUtahNebraskaM
innesotaIowaVerm
ontM
ontanaW
isconsinConnecticutIdahoM
aineW
yoming
PennsylvaniaM
assachusettsW
est VirginiaKansasSouth DakotaNew Ham
pshireVirginiaArkansasM
arylandM
issouriO
klahoma
IllinoisW
ashingtonColoradoO
hioRhode IslandNevadaCaliforniaM
ichiganIndianaO
regonUnited StatesKentuckyHawaiiAlaskaTexasDelawareNew M
exicoArizonaAlabam
aNorth CarolinaNew YorkLouisianaM
ississippiFloridaTennesseeG
eorgiaSouth Carolina
0
30
60
90
86
.1
67
.1
56
.2 51
.0
Source: Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Opportunity
34
35
Percent of 7th–12th Graders Taught by Teachers with a
Major in Their Subject, 1999-2000
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
Minnesota
New JerseyNorth CarolinaRhode IslandW
isconsinIowaNew YorkNebraskaIndianaM
assachusettsM
arylandNew Ham
pshirePennsylvaniaSouth CarolinaFloridaNorth DakotaHawaiiW
yoming
ColoradoAlaskaAlabam
aG
eorgiaIllinoisUnited StatesKansasVirginiaM
ontanaConnecticutUtahCaliforniaArkansasSouth DakotaVerm
ontW
est VirginiaIdahoO
regonM
ichiganM
issouriW
ashingtonM
ississippiO
klahoma
KentuckyNevadaM
aineO
hioTennesseeArizonaTexasDelawareNew M
exicoLouisiana
0
25
50
75
100 91
.6
51
.2
70
.1
36
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Percent of Core Classes Taught by Highly Qualified
Teachers, 2002-03
Louisiana = 85.6%
Note: Core classes include English, math, science, social studies, foreign languages and the arts.
Source: Louisiana Department of Education
92.9% to 97.9%86.9% to 92.9%79.0% to 86.9%71.2% to 79.0%52.6% to 71.2%
37
College Going Rates—First-Time Freshmen Directly Out of
High School as a Percent of Recent High School Graduates, 2000
North DakotaM
assachusettsKansasSouth CarolinaRhode IslandNorth CarolinaIowaSouth DakotaM
innesotaNew YorkNew JerseyM
ississippiConnecticutTennesseePennsylvaniaG
eorgiaIndianaDelawareHawaiiIllinoisNebraskaLouisianaNew Ham
pshireNew M
exicoKentuckyM
ichiganAlabam
aFloridaW
isconsinUnited StatesO
hioM
arylandM
ontanaM
aineM
issouriVirginiaArkansasColoradoTexasW
est VirginiaW
yoming
Oregon
ArizonaO
klahoma
CaliforniaVerm
ontIdahoW
ashingtonAlaskaNevadaUtah
0
25
50
75 69
.4
59
.2
56
.7
38
.1
Source: Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Opportunity
38
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
GrantLa Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
GrantLa Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Public First-Time, Full-Time Freshmen as a Percent of
High School Graduates, Fall 2002 (All Institutions)
Louisiana = 51.5%
Note: Numbers for LTC are for population age 18-20, full- or part-time, Fall 2002.
Source: Louisiana Board of Regents
64.4% to 82.8%58.8% to 64.4%53.5% to 58.8%45.6% to 53.5%32.2% to 45.6%
39
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Vermilion
Jefferson DavisAcadia
Pointe Coupee
St. LandryWest Baton Rouge
East Feliciana
East Baton Rouge
Caldwell
EvangelineAllen
Tensas
St. Martin Iberville
Plaquemines
Jefferson
West Feliciana
Calcasieu
CameronIberia
Assumption
St. Mary
Terrebonne
Lafourche
St. Bernard
Orleans
St. Tammany
Tangipahoa
St. Helena
Grant
La Salle
Concordia
CatahoulaNatchitoches
Winn
Sabine
Red RiverDe Soto
Bienville
Richland
East Carroll
West CarrollMorehouse
Caddo
Bossier
Webster
Ascension
Avoyelles
Beauregard
Claiborne
Franklin
Jackson
Lafayette
Lincoln
Livingston
Madison
Ouachita
Rapides
St. CharlesSt. James
St. John the Baptist
Union
Vernon
Washington
Percent of First-Time, Full-Time Freshmen Taking
Developmental Courses, 2002-03
Louisiana = 39.5%
Source: Louisiana Department of Education
22.6% to 29.0%29.0% to 37.5%37.5% to 53.0%53.0% to 63.1%63.1% to 75.0%
40
Retention Rates of First-Time College Freshmen Returning
Their Second Year, 2002
Source: National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, ACT “Institutional Data Questionnaire” 2002
0
30
60
90
85
.3
73
.6
70
.8
65
.2
DelawareM
arylandCaliforniaM
assachusettsW
ashingtonConnecticutPennsylvaniaNew JerseyRhode IslandNew YorkW
isconsinNew Ham
pshireNorth CarolinaM
innesotaVirginiaIowaIllinoisM
ichiganG
eorgiaVerm
ontW
yoming
Oregon
FloridaIndianaSouth CarolinaNebraskaM
issouriM
aineO
hioColoradoM
ississippiKansasAlabam
aTexasUnited StatesTennesseeArizonaNevadaUtahW
est VirginiaNorth DakotaO
klahoma
New Mexico
LouisianaSouth DakotaKentuckyArkansasM
ontanaHawaiiIdahoSouth Carolina
41
Six-Year Graduation Rates at Public Research
Institutions, 2001 (Percent)
Source: NCES, IPEDS 2001 Graduation Rate File
0
25
50
75
CaliforniaDelawareNew JerseyVirginiaConnecticutVerm
ontNew M
exicoW
ashingtonM
arylandW
est VirginiaIdahoNebraskaPennsylvaniaSouth CarolinaM
ichiganG
eorgiaNorth DakotaColoradoIndianaFloridaM
ississippiRhode IslandUnited StatesIowaW
isconsinM
aineO
regonAlaskaO
klahoma
New Hampshire
Wyom
ingTexasM
assachusettsO
hioKansasM
innesotaHawaiiM
issouriArkansasUtahSouth DakotaNevadaKentuckyNew YorkTennesseeLouisianaM
ontanaNorth CarolinaAlabam
aArizonaIllinois
73
.1
43
.5 39
.4
56
.6
42
Six-Year Graduation Rates at Public Bachelor’s
and Masters Institutions, 2001 (Percent)
Source: NCES, IPEDS 2001 Graduation Rate File
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
IowaVirginiaNew JerseyW
ashingtonPennsylvaniaW
isconsinNew Ham
pshireNorth CarolinaM
arylandSouth CarolinaUtahM
issouriKansasM
innesotaM
assachusettsRhode IslandIllinoisNew YorkVerm
ontFloridaM
ississippiCaliforniaTennesseeUnited StatesM
ichiganConnecticutAlaskaM
aineNebraskaKentuckyAlabam
aArkansasM
ontanaSouth DakotaO
hioIdahoTexasW
est VirginiaHawaiiO
regonNorth DakotaG
eorgiaDelawareNew M
exicoColoradoO
klahoma
LouisianaIndianaNew JerseyNew M
exicoRhode Island
66
.5
26
.1
25
.4
40
.3
43
Three-Year Graduation Rates at Public Two-Year
Colleges (Percent)
Source: NCES, IPEDS 2001 Graduation Rate File
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
South DakotaW
yoming
AlaskaArizonaPennsylvaniaCaliforniaNorth DakotaNebraskaM
aineW
isconsinNew Ham
pshireM
issouriKansasLouisianaW
est VirginiaFloridaIowaM
innesotaColoradoIdahoUtahM
ontanaG
eorgiaKentuckyUnited StatesW
ashingtonNew YorkVerm
ontArkansasO
klahoma
IndianaIllinoisO
regonTennesseeO
hioNevadaM
ississippiConnecticutNorth CarolinaVirginiaTexasAlabam
aM
assachusettsHawaiiM
ichiganDelawareSouth CarolinaM
arylandNew JerseyNew M
exicoRhode Island
60
.6
25
.7
29
.2
12
.1
44
Part-Time Undergraduate Enrollment as a Percent of
Population Age 25-44, 2000
Source: NCES-IPEDS, U.S. Census Bureau
ArizonaCaliforniaUtahNew M
exicoKansasAlaskaW
yoming
NevadaIllinoisO
regonM
ichiganNebraskaColoradoFloridaM
issouriW
ashingtonRhode IslandW
isconsinUnited StatesM
arylandTexasM
innesotaVirginiaIowaO
klahoma
DelawareM
aineNorth CarolinaHawaiiM
assachusettsAlabam
aConnecticutIdahoO
hioSouth DakotaVerm
ontIndianaSouth CarolinaNew Ham
pshireNew JerseyTennesseeArkansasNew YorkKentuckyG
eorgiaLouisianaM
ississippiNorth DakotaW
est VirginiaPennsylvaniaM
ontana
0
3
6
9
12 10
.8
6.2
3.8 3
.3
45
Workforce and
Employment
46
Poverty Rates Among Full-Time Employed Workers
By Census 5% Public Use Microdata Areas, 1999
Map based on employed persons 16+ years of age working 35+ hours per week using Census 2000 5% PUMS data.Source: Steven Ruggles, Matthew Sobek, Trent Alexander, Catherine A. Fitch, Ronald Goeken, Patricia Kelly Hall,
Miriam King, and Chad Ronnander. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series Version 3.0 [Machine-readable database]. Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center [producer and distributor], 2004. www.ipums.org
Louisiana = 6.7%
10.0% to 13.6%7.0% to 10.0%6.0% to 7.0%4.0% to 6.0%3.2% to 4.0%
47
Percent of Civilian Population (Age 16 and Older)
Participating in the Workforce, 2003
Source: U.S. Bureau of Statistics
0
25
50
75
71
.3
51
.3
62
.3
Minnesota
NebraskaSouth DakotaW
isconsinW
yoming
New Hampshire
North DakotaColoradoVerm
ontIowaUtahAlaskaM
arylandKansasM
issouriG
eorgiaVirginiaIndianaIdahoRhode IslandNevadaM
assachusettsDelawareConnecticutTexasM
aineM
ontanaO
hioHawaiiIllinoisNorth CarolinaUnited StatesNew JerseyPennsylvaniaW
ashingtonO
regonArizonaCaliforniaTennesseeM
ichiganO
klahoma
New Mexico
South CarolinaNew YorkAlabam
aFloridaKentuckyM
ississippiArkansasLouisianaW
est Virginia5
6.9
48
Percent of Total Gross State Product by Industry and
Comparison to U.S.
1
17
4
19
10
5
7
12
14
11
1
19
4
12
9
5
8
13
17
12
1 1
5
14
8
7
9
21
22
12
0
5
10
15
20
25
Agriculture,Forestry and
Fishing
Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportationand Public
Utilities
WholesaleTrade
Retail Trade Finance,Insurance and
Real Estate
Services Government
Louisiana 1990
Louisiana 2001
U.S. 2001
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, www.bea.doc.gov
49
Percent Employment in Managerial and
Professional Occupations
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Maryland
Massachusetts
ConnecticutVirginiaNew JerseyColoradoNew YorkVerm
ontCaliforniaM
innesotaNew Ham
pshireW
ashingtonDelawareAlaskaIllinoisNew M
exicoKansasRhode IslandUnited StatesNorth DakotaTexasM
ontanaO
regonNebraskaArizonaG
eorgiaPennsylvaniaSouth DakotaUtahHawaiiFloridaM
aineM
ichiganM
issouriIdahoIowaW
isconsinNorth CarolinaO
hioO
klahoma
Wyom
ingLouisianaAlabam
aTennesseeSouth CarolinaIndianaKentuckyW
est VirginiaArkansasM
ississippiNevada
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45 41
.3
33
.6
25
.7
29
.9
50
Employment by Job Type—16 and Older, 2000
2.7
16.2
22.0
6.4
11.2
35.7
5.9
1.2
17.3
20.0
5.8
10.0
38.9
6.8
0
10
20
30
40
NaturalResources
Factory Low-SkilledService
Healthcare Education &Public Service
Office Technology
Pe
rce
nt
Louisiana U.S.
Source: Tony Carnevale and Donna Desrochers, ETS (PUMS 2000 5% Sample, source data extracted from www.ipums.org at the University of Minnesota)
51
Earnings by Job Type—16 and Older, 2000
29,893
16,291
37,527
25,454
32,874
40,732
28,664
29,978
19,474
39,365
31,038
39,851
47,732
33,486
32,729
22,610
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
NaturalResources
Factory Low-SkilledService
Healthcare Education &Public Service
Office Technology All Jobs
Louisiana U.S.
Source: Tony Carnevale and Donna Desrochers, ETS (PUMS 2000 5% Sample, source data extracted from www.ipums.org at the University of Minnesota)
52
Percent of Employees with a College Degree by Job Type,
2000
5.9 5.89.4
49.4 50.0
27.8
49.9
24.8
8.6 8.9
15.1
55.457.0
38.6
62.1
32.8
0
25
50
75
NaturalResources
Factory Low-SkilledService
Healthcare Education &Public Service
Office Technology All Jobs
Pe
rce
nt
Louisiana U.S.
Source: Tony Carnevale and Donna Desrochers, ETS (PUMS 2000 5% Sample, source data extracted from www.ipums.org at the University of Minnesota)
53
Median Earnings by Degree Level
14,900
20,800
22,500
28,000
36,000
45,000
60,000
58,000
13,000
19,000
18,800
26,000
30,000
35,900
60,000
50,000
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
Less thanHigh School
High Schoolor Equivalent
Some College Associate Bachelor's Masters Professional Doctorate
U.S. Louisiana
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census; 5% PUMS Files
54
Difference in Median Earnings Between a High School Diploma
and an Associate Degree, 2000
Source: U.S. Census Bureau’s Public Use Samples, based on 2000 census
TexasCaliforniaConnecticutVirginiaM
ichiganG
eorgiaNevadaDelawareAlaskaHawaiiO
regonArizonaSouth CarolinaNorth CarolinaNew JerseyM
arylandUnited StatesColoradoO
hioTennesseeNew M
exicoO
klahoma
LouisianaKentuckyIllinoisIndianaNew YorkVerm
ontNew Ham
pshireAlabam
aM
issouriW
ashingtonM
innesotaRhode IslandFloridaIdahoM
ississippiW
est VirginiaW
isconsinM
ainePennsylvaniaM
assachusettsArkansasKansasSouth DakotaNebraskaUtahNorth DakotaW
yoming
IowaM
ontana
0
3,000
6,000
9,000
12,000 10
,40
0
7,2
00
4,0
00
7,0
00
55
Difference in Median Earnings Between a High School Diploma
and a Bachelor’s Degree
Source: U.S. Census Bureau’s Public Use Samples, based on 2000 census
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
New JerseyCaliforniaM
ichiganTexasVirginiaNew YorkM
arylandUnited StatesW
ashingtonPennsylvaniaG
eorgiaNevadaNorth CarolinaO
hioIllinoisUtahDelawareConnecticutTennesseeAlaskaHawaiiM
innesotaNew M
exicoO
regonRhode IslandAlabam
aM
issouriArizonaNew Ham
pshireFloridaIdahoM
ississippiO
klahoma
South CarolinaW
est VirginiaM
assachusettsArkansasKansasW
isconsinColoradoLouisianaW
yoming
KentuckyIndianaM
aineNebraskaNorth DakotaIowaM
ontanaVerm
ontSouth Dakota
19
,00
0
11
,00
0
7,6
00
15
,20
0
56
Louisiana Net Migration by Degree Level and Age Group
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census; 5% Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) Files
22- to 29-Year-Olds 30- to 64-Year-Olds
Less than High School
High School
Some College
Associate
Bachelor’s
Graduate/Professional
Total
2,141
-455
-748
-1,186
-5,318
-3,102
-8,668
-10,000 -8,000 -6,000 -4,000 -2,000 0 2,000 4,000
3,601
-2,656
-3,718
-1,211
-8,836
-6,175
-18,995
-20,000 -15,000 -10,000 -5,000 0 5,000
57
Net Migration of Residents Age 22-29 with a College Degree
(Associate or Higher), 1995-2000
CaliforniaTexasG
eorgiaFloridaIllinoisNew YorkColoradoVirginiaNorth CarolinaW
ashingtonM
assachusettsArizonaM
arylandNew JerseyO
regonM
innesotaTennesseeNevadaSouth CarolinaHawaiiAlaskaM
issouriDelawareConnecticutKentucky
New Mexico
Wyom
ingIdaho
New Hampshire
Rhode IslandKansas
Vermont
ArkansasSouth Dakota
NebraskaM
aineM
ontanaUtah
Oklahom
aM
ississippiNorth DakotaW
est VirginiaM
ichiganO
hioAlabam
aLouisiana
WisconsinIndiana
IowaPennsylvania
83,54058,085
53,228 44,55641,30339,307
35,58034,74534,25932,486
29,88429,13027,800 17,485
16,45714,64814,034 3,433
2,4762,2382,1471,5701,300
209-1,547-1,693-1,864-2,623-2,910-3,516-3,562
-5,043-5,100-5,212-5,770-5,808-6,739-7,376-7,805-8,124-8,717-8,925-9,135-9,606
-13,002-15,146
-18,943
-36,693
-3,670
-$50,000
$0
$50,000
$100,000
199,458
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Public Use Microdate Samples, 2000
58
Occupations with High Net Imports and Exports, 1995-2000
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census; 5% PUMS Files
All 22- to 29-Year-Olds
Counselors, Social Workers, Community/Social Services
Information & Record ClerksFinancial SpecialistsComputer SpecialistsHealth Diagnosing & Treating PractitionersOther Management OccupationsSupervisors, Sales WorkersBusiness Operations SpecialistsMotor Vehicle OperatorsOperations Specialties Managers
Extraction WorkersWater Transportation
Cooks & Food Preparation WorkersOther Installation, Maintenance & Repair
Retail SalesFirst-Line Enlisted Military Supervisor/Managers
Building Cleaning & Pest ControlPostsecondary Teachers
Construction TradesFood & Beverage Serving
-2,013-1,655
-1,293-1,033
-669-633-630-630
-570222227
297310314331
406541
600687
-1,004
-2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000
59
Occupations with High Net Imports and Exports, 1995-2000
22- to 29-Year-Olds with College Degrees
-1,529-1,228
-1,137-545
-507-463
-416-391
-31745535656585991108
600694
-525
-2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000
Financial SpecialistsHealth Diagnosing & Treating PractitionersComputer SpecialistsInformation & Record ClerksAdvertising, Mktg., Promotions, Public Rel. & Sales Mgrs.Other Management OccupationsCounselors, Social Workers, Community/Social ServicesOperations Specialties ManagersBusiness Operations SpecialistsPrimary, Secondary, & Special Education Teachers
Air TransportationFirst-Line Enlisted Military Supervisor/Managers
Building Cleaning & Pest ControlOther Construction & Related
Vehicle & Mobile Equip. Mechanics, Installers/RepairersExtraction Workers
First-Line Supervisors/Managers, Protective ServiceMilitary Officer Special & Tactical Ops. Leaders/Managers
Postsecondary TeachersFood & Beverage Serving
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census; 5% PUMS Files
60
Occupations with High Net Imports and Exports, 1995-2000
All 30- to 64-Year-Olds
-2,181
-2,157
-1,481
-1,179
-1,064
-1,055
-802
-731
-729
137
201
216
227
259
264
313
379
425
569
-1,168
-2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000
Primary, Secondary, & Special Education Teachers
Advertising, Mktg., Promotions, Public Rel. & Sales Mgrs.Operations Specialties ManagersCounselors, Social Workers, Community/Social Services
Health Diagnosing & Treating PractitionersComputer SpecialistsOther Management Occupations
Supervisors, Sales WorkersOther Office & Administrative SupportFinancial Specialists
Fire Fighting & PreventionPersonal Appearance
Other Installation, Maintenance, & Repair OccupationsVehicle & Mobile Equip. Mechanics, Installers/Repairers
Grounds MaintenanceWater Transportation
Food & Beverage ServingFirst-Line Enlisted Military Supervisor/Managers
Other Military OccupationsPostsecondary Teachers
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census; 5% PUMS Files
61
Occupations with High Net Imports and Exports, 1995-2000
30- to 64-Year-Olds with College Degrees
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census; 5% PUMS Files
-2,015-1,621
-1,225-1,130
-1,020-854
-656-542-526
828393109125131143161179
585
-1,129
-2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000
Primary, Secondary, & Special Education Teachers
Counselors, Social Workers, Community/Social ServicesInformation & Record ClerksAdvertising, Mktg., Promotions, Public Rel. & Sales Mgrs.
Health Diagnosing & Treating PractitionersComputer SpecialistsOther Management OccupationsFinancial Specialists
Business Operations SpecialistsOperations Specialties Managers
Transportation, Tourism, & Lodging AttendantsSupervisors, Personal Care & Service
Food & Beverage ServingFirst-Line Enlisted Military Supervisor/Managers
Nursing, Psychiatric, & Home Health AidesConstruction Trades
Supervisors, ProductionVehicle & Mobile Equip. Mechanics, Installers/Repairers
Top ExecutivesPostsecondary Teachers
62
States’ Ability to Produce Graduates vs. Ability to Keep and Attract Graduates
Student Pipeline (Of 100 9th Graders—the Number Graduating from High School on time, Going Directly to College, Returning Their Second Year, and Completing College within 150 Percent of Degree Time)
Migration Rate of 22- to 29-Year-
Olds with a College Degree
100
7.5 15 22.5 30
400
AK
NV
NM
GA
ID
FL
OH
NC
MI
MO
VT
KS
NE
ME
PARI
TXOR
AZ
WA MD
IL
VA
UT
CA
CO
NY DEMN
CT
NH
NJ
MA
0
Personal Income Per Capita (2000)
Top Tier
Middle Tier
Low Tier
OKLA
AR
MS
HI
KY
AL
TN
SC
WVMT
IN
SD
WI
ND
IA
WY
Low Production, Importer of Capital High Production, Importer of Capital
Low Production, Exporter of Capital High Production, Exporter of Capital
200
300
-400
-100
-300
-200
62
63
States’ Ability to Produce Graduates vs. Ability to Keep and Attract Graduates
AK
NV
NM
GA
ID
FL
OH
NC
MI
MO
VT
KS
NE
ME
PARI
TXOR
AZ
WA MD
IL
VA
UT
CA
CO
NY DEMN
CT
NH
NJ
MA
New Economy Index (2002)
Top Tier
Middle Tier
Low Tier
OKLA
AR
MS
HI
KY
AL
TN
SC
WVMT
IN
SD
WI
ND
IA
WY
Low Production, Importer of Capital High Production, Importer of Capital
Low Production, Exporter of Capital High Production, Exporter of Capital
Student Pipeline (Of 100 9th Graders—the Number Graduating from High School on time, Going Directly to College, Returning Their Second Year, and Completing College within 150 Percent of Degree Time)
Migration Rate of 22- to 29-Year-
Olds with a College Degree
100
7.5 15 22.5 30
400
0
200
300
-400
-100
-300
-200
63
64
Summary
Improving Education Attainment of Adult Population
Creating Jobs that Utilize the Knowledge and Skills of an Educated Citizenry
It Will Be Difficult to Reduce Poverty in Louisiana Without:
65
A Chicken and Egg Problem
A Trained Workforce to Support Economic Development
Jobs that Provide a Rationale for Education
Regarding the Need for:
Requires a Partnership Among:
Government Employers Education
