An overview of windows server 2008 features Chapter 2.

An overview of windows server 2008 features

Chapter 2

Objectives

• Understanding the new features of windows server 2008

• Choosing the right Windows Server 2008 edition

Windows server 2008 features

1. BitLocker drive encryption:– This particular feature has the potential to improve

system security Because Windows encrypts the entire hard drive

– In addition, someone can’t even start the server without the required information because the hard drive encryption keeps the data completely locked until you provide the required code.

– using BitLocker means that you don’t have to worry as much about someone gaining access to company data when you perform an upgrade of the hardware


2. Enhanced Windows Firewall:– The Windows Firewall in Windows Server 2008 is

considerably easier to use than in previous versions of Windows

– The initial display says it all by providing you with a quick indicator of firewall status, as shown in the Figure next slide

– Windows Firewall is also considerably easier to configure than in the previous versions of windows server.


3. Improved failover clustering:– Failover clustering is an important feature for a

multiserver network, where one server can take over for another when a failure occurs

– You have to have the right hardware and software to create a clustered network, which means having knowledge of precisely what Windows is looking for in a cluster. Unfortunately, it was very difficult to make this determination in the past. Microsoft has fixed this problem in Windows Server 2008 by providing validation tests you can use to ensure that your setup will work as a cluster.


• 3. Improved failover clustering:

– The biggest improvement in failover cluster management is the way in which you can interact with hard drives. For example, you can now add a hard drive resource while the cluster is serving applications


4. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6):– The world is running out of Internet Protocol (IP)

addresses because every device requires one– The old IP version 4 (IPv4) originally appeared on

the scene with 4,294,967,296 possible address combinations and now a days this is not enough

– The IPv6 provides a significantly larger address space of 3.4028236692093846346337460743177e+38 possible addresses


5. .NET Framework 3.0:– The .NET Framework is a technology that supports

building and running the next generation of applications and XML Web services.

– It is a software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows

– The .NET Framework is now part of Windows when you install it. The main reason for this change from previous versions is that Microsoft is using the .NET Framework more and more within Windows applications.


6. Network access protection (NAP) and enforcement:– NAP provides the means to check the health of

any client ( clients with no viruses) connecting to your network.

– When NAP detects an unhealthy client:1. it can act by limiting access until the client receives

the necessary updates and configuration changes. 2. In addition, it can specify a means of fixing the client

to place it in a healthy state again.


7. New printer and storage options:1. XML Paper Specification (XPS) Document Support:

An advanced way of printing documents for multiple purposes, including viewing electronic pages and printing pages in a polished format.

– XPS is a concept similar to using PDF files – Using XPS printing is similar to saving a file with

XPS extension


7. New printer and storage options:2. New print paths: A print path defines the software

and actions that the operating system uses to process a document and send printer-ready data to the printer for output

– The XML Paper Specification (XPS) print path is a new Windows feature that redefines how printing is handled in Windows applications.

– Microsoft now provides the XPS Driver (XPSDrv) software to process XPS documents more efficiently


7. New printer and storage options:3. Scalability improvements: Normally, when a client

makes a print request, the server performs all the required processing. Of course, placing the burden on the server reduces overall performance of the system for a very small gain in network performance. Windows Server 2008 now places the burden of printing on the client.


8. Read-only domain controller (RODC):– A Domain Controller is a server that responds to security

authentication requests (logging in, checking permissions, etc.) within the Windows Server domain.

– A network my have more than one domain controller– Even though the domain controller maybe considered safe

from external influences, someone could potentially break into it and make changes to your setup

– Using an RODC makes Active Directory a read-only environment, which means that any changes that anyone makes are automatically overwritten with the original data. No changes occur to the server unless the administrator make them.


8. Read-only domain controller (RODC):– the domain controller can make requests for data

from a writeable domain controller– For example, when a user tries to authenticate

against the domain controller the first time, the RODC sends the authentication request to a writeable domain controller. If the authentication is successful, the RODC can request a copy of the credentials from the writeable domain controller and store them locally.


9. Windows Deployment Services:– Use this new service to deploy Windows

operating system over a network on computers that have no operating systems installed

– you can perform the deployment without being physically present at the remote machine

– An installation DVD is not necessary• The installation files are sent over a network from the

Windows Server 2008 Windows Deployment Services server


9. Windows Deployment Services:– Multicast deployment: Using a multicast

deployment technique lets the server install Windows on more than one client at a time • This approach improves overall performance and

makes it possible to update the clients quickly.


10. Internet Information Server (IIS):– Internet Information Services (IIS) for Windows®

Server is a flexible, secure and manageable Web server for hosting anything on the Web. From media streaming to web applications.

– Make it easier for network programmers to write network applications for the Web.

Windows Server 2008 Editions

• Windows Server 2008 comes in a number of versions and a number of editions.

• A version affects functionality in some way. For example, if your server requires a 32-bit operating system, you use the 32-bit version of the product.

• An edition defines the feature set of a particular version of the operating system. The Standard edition offers a different feature set from the Enterprise edition. You can get both editions in 32-bit versions.

Windows Server 2008 Editions

1. Standard2. Enterprise3. Datacenter4. Itanium Processor5. Web server6. Storage Server

Standard Edition

• The Standard edition provides functionality that the average work center, small business, or even medium-size business requires

• The most basic server version• Provides file and print services, secure Internet

connectivity, and centralized management of network resources

• The main limitations for the Standard edition are the number of processors (up to four processors in a single server) and the amount of memory you can use.

Enterprise Edition

• Designed to meet the everyday needs of networks with applications and Web services

• Intended for midsized and large organizations that want the option to continue scaling their server operations upward

• Enable multiprocessor computers (up to eight processors in a single server)

• Enables clustering• Enable hot Add memory

Enterprise Edition

• Hot-add memory– The ability to add RAM without shutting down the

computer or operating system

Datacenter Edition

• Designed for environments with mission-critical applications, very large databases, and information access requiring high availability

• Supports clustering for up to 16 computers• Enables hot-add memory and hot-add/replace

processor support.

Datacenter Edition

• Hot-add processor– Can be added to an empty processor slot while

the system is running• Hot-replace processor– Can replace a processor in a multiprocessor

system without taking the system down

Web server edition

• Designed for hosting and deploying Web services and applications

• Supports multiprocessor computers• Optimized to run Microsoft Internet

Information Services (IIS)• Intended for small to large companies, or

departments within an organization that develop and deploy a single Web site

Itanium-processor Edition

• Supports hot-add memory, hot-add processor, hot-replace processor, and multiprocessor computers

• Supports server clustering for up to eight servers in one cluster

Windows Server 2008 Server Core

• Windows Server 2008 Server Core starts with nothing more than a command prompt. It doesn’t include much in the way of graphical tools for interaction, so you need to know the command line utilities to use it.



• Why?– Resource Usage:• Microsoft recommends 2 GB of RAM for Windows

Server 2008, but you can get by with 1 GB in Windows Server 2008 Server Core. • The hard drive requirements are also less — you need

only 10 GB for Windows Server 2008 Server Core, but Microsoft recommends 40 GB for Windows Server 2008. • The GUI in Windows Server 2008 consumes a

considerable amount of resources


• Why?– Windows Server 2008 Server Core can execute

some tasks considerably faster because it doesn’t have the overhead of a GUI to consider.

Neither version of the product is demonstrably better , only better for a given set of tasks.

Determining Whether to Install Server Core or the Full Version

• Some scenarios for a Server Core installation:– Your organization is medium or large in size and

wants to dedicate one server to operate as a DHCP• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server: is a

server that automatically assign an IP address to a computer in network.

– Your organization offers many shared folders to users for their work and the organization wants to centralize all of the shared folders on one computer

Determining Whether to Install Server Core or the Full Version

• Some scenarios for a Server Core installation:

– The server contains only centralized databases accessed by users

– The server holds critical files for the organization and needs to have the smallest attack surface

– The server is dedicated to one task

34

Determining Whether to Install Server Core or the Full Version (continued)

• Sample scenarios for installing the full version are:– Your organization is a small or medium-size business

– You prefer to work in a GUI environment

– The server administrator is relatively new to Windows Server 2008 and wants to use wizards for guidance

Windows Server Virtualization (WSV)

• Virtualization is: the ability to run two or more operating systems on a single computer

• Many organizations today need to run multiple servers to provide separation between groups of users. In some cases, the server may use a different operating system than Windows, such as Linux.

• It’s important to note that the WSV won’t ship with Windows Server 2008 Core

Windows Server Virtualization (WSV)

• Benefits:– the ability to run multiple servers on a single piece

of hardware– The virtual server is more reliable and secure

because it has an underlying operating system monitoring it:• The underlying, or host, operating system isn’t visible to

the outside world, so no one can tamper with it. The host operating system is also invisible to a guest operating system (the virtual server), so no one can gain access to the host through the guest.

Windows PowerShell

• Windows PowerShell– A command-line interface that offers an environment for

executing commands and scripts.– Windows PowerShell is a new kind of command prompt

based on .NET technology, Anything you can do with the .NET Framework, you can also do with Windows PowerShell

• Can perform many tasks with PowerShell such as:– Work with files and folders– View information about the local computer, including user

accounts– Install, list, and remove software applications

Windows PowerShell (continued)

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