Analisis Keberhasilan Implementasi Kebijakan United Nations Declaration
on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples di Filipina
Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Ilmu Politik (S.IP) Strata-1
Fitriatur Rosidah
201410360311034
ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2018
KATA PENGANTAR
Alhamdulillah, Puji syukur saya ucapkan kapada Allah SWT yang telah
memberikan saya limpahan rahmat dan hidayah-Nya, sehingga saya mampu
menyelasaikan tugas akhir skripsi yang telah diamanatkan oleh Program Studi Ilmu
Hubungan Internasional kepada saya. Shalawat serta salam semoga senantiasa tetap
tercurahkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW.
Penelitian skripsi ini diajukan sebagai prasyarat kelulusan dan meraih gelar
strata 1 Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik,
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, dengan judul “Analisis Keberhasilan
Implementasi Kebijakan United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous
Peoples di Filipina”. Manjalankan tugas akhir ini tidak mungkin dapat terselesaikan
dengan baik tanpa adanya dukungan dan bimbingan dari dosen pembimbing, untuk
itu saya setulus hati mengucapkan terima kasih.
Akhir kata, saya menyadari bahwa penelitian ini masih jauh dari kata
sempurna, baik dalam konteks keilmuan maupun teknis. Oleh sebab itu, kritik serta
saran dibutuhkan untuk memperbaiki penelitian ini, serta sebagai bahan evaluasi
peneliti pada masa yang akan datang. Semoga penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat dan
dapat menjadi referensi bagi pembaca.
Malang, 2 Oktober 2018
Peneliti,
Fitriatur Rosidah
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN SAMPUL ........................................................................................... i LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ................................................................................. ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. iii BERITA ACARA BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI ....................................................... iv PERYATAAN ORISINALITAS .......................................................................... v ABSTRAKSI ......................................................................................................... vi ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vii KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ viii LEMBAR PERSEMBAHAN .............................................................................. ix DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... xi DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xv DAFTAR SINGKATAN ................................................................................... xvi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ............................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................ 3 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian dan Manfaat Penelitian .................................................... 4
1.3.1. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................. 4 1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................ 4
1.4 Penelitian Terdahulu ..................................................................................... 5 1.5 Kerangka Teori dan Konsep ....................................................................... 32
1.5.1 Konsep Ratifikasi ............................................................................... 13 1.5.2 Konsep Adopsi ................................................................................... 14 1.5.3 Konsep Implementasi Kebijakan ....................................................... 15
1.6 Metode Penelitian ....................................................................................... 19 1.6.1 Jenis Penelitian .................................................................................. 19 1.6.2 Metode Analisis .................................................................................. 20 1.6.3 Tingkat Analisa ................................................................................... 20 1.6.4 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian .................................................................. 21 1.6.5.Tehnik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................. 21
1.7 Struktur Penulisan ...................................................................................... 21 BAB II UNDRIP DAN ETNIS MASYARAKAT ADAT DI FILIPINA ........ 23
2.1 UNDRIP ..................................................................................................... 23 2.1.1 Sejarah Negosiasi dan Ratifikasi UNDRIP ........................................ 25
2.2 Kelompok Etnis Masyarakat Adat di Filipina ............................................ 29 2.2.1 Permasalahan masyarakat adat yang ada di Filipina ......................... 34 2.2.1.1 Kemiskinan dan Pendapatan yang rendah ...................................... 35 2.2.1.2 Masyarakat adat yang tidak memilki sertifikat tanah leluhur .......... 36
2.2.1.3 Kesehatan yang rendah .................................................................... 37 2.2.1.4 Pendidikan yang rendah .................................................................. 38 2.2.1.5 Perlindungan yang rendah terhadap anak anak .............................. 40
BAB III PROSES RATIFIKASI, ADOPSI DAN IMPLEMENTASI UNDRIP DI FILIPINA ....................................................................................................... 43
3.1 Proses Ratifikasi UNDRIP di Filipina ........................................................ 45 3.2 Proses Adopsi UNDRIP di Filipina ............................................................ 46 3.3 Implementasi UNDRIP di Filipina ............................................................. 51
BAB IV FAKTOR KEBERHASILAN IMPLEMENTASI UNDRIP DI FILIPINA ............................................................................................................. 62
4.1 Faktor Keberhasilan Implementasi UNDRIP di Filipina .......................... 66 4.1.1 Communication (komunikasi). ............................................................ 66 4.1.2 Resource (Sumberdaya) ..................................................................... 70
4.1.3 Disposition (Disposisi) ........................................................................ 75 4.1.4 Bureaucratic Structure (Struktur Birokrasi) ....................................... 77
BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................... 80
5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 80 5.2 Saran ........................................................................................................... 81
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 82 LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................................ 88
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1 United Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People..................88 Lampiran 2 Republic Act No. 8371 .................................................................... 102
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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