ANALISIS RISIKO EMERGING ISSUES …phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id/files/2013/11/Presentation...11/28/2013...

11/28/2013

[email protected]

1

Blog: phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id Email: [email protected]

ANALISIS RISIKOEMERGING ISSUES

KEAMANAN PANGAN SEGAR

Purwiyatno Hariyadiphariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

Profesor Rekayasa Proses Pangan, Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB

danDirektur Southeast Asian Food & Agricultural Science & Technology

(SEAFAST) Center, LPPM, IPBseafast.ipb.ac.id


*) Judul diberikan oleh panitian, untuk dipresentasikan pada

ANALISIS RISIKOEMERGING ISSUES

KEAMANAN PANGAN SEGAR

Purwiyatno Hariyadiphariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

*)

11/28/2013

[email protected]

2


Emerging Issues

• Perubahan struktur industri dan perdaganganglobal :

• Perubahan bahan baku dan ingridien• Perubahan asal bahan baku dan ingridien• Perubahan teknik produksi• Perubahan teknologi pengolahan• Perubahan teknik pengemasan, distribusi

0Pendahuluan


Keamanan Pangan telah menjadi isu global

1. Sebagai isu Kesehatan Publik

2. Sebagai isu Ekonomi

3. Sebagai isu PerdaganganInternasional

0Pendahuluan

11/28/2013

[email protected]

3


• Food borne diseases are caused by various microorganisms: parasites, bacteria, and viruses.

• The global incidence of foodborne disease (WHO, 2005) : 1.8 million people died from diarrhoeal diseases.



0Pendahuluan


• CDC (2011) estimates that each year roughly 1 in 6 Americans (or 48 million people) gets sick

• 128,000 are hospitalized, and

• 3,000 die of food borne diseases.



0Pendahuluan

11/28/2013

[email protected]

4


• 1992 (Peru): The re-emergence of cholera in 1991 resulted in the loss of US $500 million in fish and fishery product exports that year.

• 1997 (USA): Diseases caused by the major pathogens alone are estimated to cost up to US $35 billion annually in medical costs and lost productivity.



0Pendahuluan




0Pendahuluan

• 2006 (USA ): Loss of sales: estimated $1 million/day for spinach outbreak

11/28/2013

[email protected]

5




0Pendahuluan

• 2010 (USA): Food poisoning costs > $3 billion/year for Salmonella and STEC E. coli


• Food world trade exceeds 400.000 millions dollars/year.

• 50% of food world exports are produced by developing countries.


2. Sebagai isu Perdagangan Internasional

0Pendahuluan

11/28/2013

[email protected]

6


Science and Technology

Culture/ Demography/

TRAVEL

Ekonomi/PERDAGANGAN

Media

Nature Environment

Consumer behavior

Regulations / enforcement

AgricultureIndustri/PERDAGANGAN

ISU BARUKeamanan Pangan

2Emerging Issues Keamanan Pangan (Segar)

Mengapa Isu Baru?

Dimodifikasi dariThe holistic vision (Periapt 2004): Analysing the host environment of the food supply chain.


2aEmerging Issues Keamanan Pangan (Segar)

ProductsRefusedBy EU

11/28/2013

[email protected]

7


Emerging Issues Keamanan Pangan (Segar)

ReasonsFor RefusalsBy EU

2a


Number of EU refusal of selected products from Indonesia(RASFF, from 01/01/2008 ‐ 15/10/2013 )

39

32

17

12

75 5 4

1 1 1 1 1 1 10

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Number of refusals


All data are taken from:https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff‐window/portal/

2a

11/28/2013

[email protected]

8


42

25

14

6 63 3 3

05

1015202530354045

Percentage of refusals

Reasons of EU refusal for fish and fish products from Indonesia(RASFF, from 01/01/2008 ‐ 15/10/2013 )



2a


1. Heavy metal



15 Notifications


2a

11/28/2013

[email protected]

9


Cadmium(2/15 cases,13%)

Mercury(13/15 cases;

87%)

1. Mercury (1.72 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen swordfish (Xiphias gladius)2. Mercury (1.572 mg/kg - ppm) in swordfish from Spain, with raw material3. Mercury (1.48 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen slices of swordfish (Xiphias glaudius)4. Mercury (1.385 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen dolphin-fish filets (Coryphaena hippurus)5. Mercury (1.362 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen swordfish (Xiphias gladius)6. Mercury (1.315 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen swordfish (Xiphias gladius) 7. Mercury (1.3 mg/kg - ppm) in marlin loins8. Mercury (1.223 mg/kg - ppm) in tuna fish fillets9. Mercury (1.12 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen oilfish saku (Lepidocybium flavobrunneum)10. Mercury (1.103 mg/kg - ppm) in yellow fin tuna loins (Thunnus Albacares)11. Mercury (1 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen baramundi perch (Lates calcarifer)12. Mercury (0.7 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen gutted whole red snapper (Lutjanus Sp)13. Mercury (0.649 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen moonfish (Lampris guttatis)

14. Cadmium (0.440 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen swordfish (Xiphias gladius)15. Cadmium (0.060 mg/kg - ppm) in frozen bichique (Sicyopterus lagocephalus)

1. Heavy metal



15 Notifications


2a


2. Poor/Insusficient control



9 Notifications


2a

11/28/2013

[email protected]

10


1. Bad hygienic state of chilled yellowfin tuna2. Bad hygienic state of chilled tuna (Thunnus albacares)3. Bad hygienic state of chilled tuna (Thunnus albacares)4. Poor temperature control ‐ rupture of the cold chain ‐ of frozen tuna fillets5. Poor temperature control of frozen tuna loins6. Poor temperature control of frozen tuna (Thunnus albacares)7. Poor temperature control ‐ rupture of the cold chain ‐ of frozen skipjack loins

(Katsuwonus/euthynnus pelamis)8. Poor temperature control ‐ rupture of the cold chain ‐ of frozen tuna (Katsuwonus

pelamis)9. Poor temperature control ‐ rupture of the cold chain ‐ of frozen tuna (Thunnus

albacares)

2. Poor/Insusficient control



9 Notifications


2a


Percentage of refusals 88

6 3 30

102030405060708090

100

Reasons of EU refusal for Herbs and Spices from Indonesia(RASFF, from 01/01/2008 ‐ 15/10/2013 )



2a

11/28/2013

[email protected]

11


1. Aflatoxins (B1 = 14.45; Tot. = 17.6 µg/kg - ppb) in ground nutmeg

2. Aflatoxins (B1 = 7.6 µg/kg - ppb) in prepacked ground nutmeg

3. Aflatoxins (B1 = 18.0 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg


5. Aflatoxins (B1 = 28.9; Tot. = 33.0 µg/kg - ppb) in whole nutmegs

6. Aflatoxins (B1 = 120; Tot. = 140 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg

7. Aflatoxins (B1 = 0.0203; Tot. = 0.0241 mg/kg - ppm) in ground nutmeg

8. Aflatoxins (B1 = 6.4 µg/kg - ppb) in ground nutmeg

9. Aflatoxins (B1 = 6.4; Tot. = 10.1 mg/kg - ppm) in nutmeg

10. Aflatoxins (B1 = 42.0; Tot. = 53.1 / B1 = 56; Tot. = 70.5 / B1 = 43.5; Tot. = 60.4 / B1 = 13.7; Tot. = 16.6 / B1 = 11.9; Tot. = 14.7 µg/kg - ppb) in ground nutmeg

11. Aflatoxins (B1 = 57 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg shrivels




15. Aflatoxins (B1 = 7.9; Tot. = 8.3 µg/kg - ppb) in chilli powder

Mycotoxin Aflatoxin (1)




2a


15. ….

16. Aflatoxins (B1 = 12.2; Tot. = 13.2 / B1 = 17.8; Tot. = 20.4 µg/kg - ppb) in ground nutmeg


18. Aflatoxins (B1 = 68; Tot. = 70.8 µg/kg - ppb) in ground nutmeg from

19. Aflatoxins (B1 = 17 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg

20. Aflatoxins (B1 = 29; Tot. = 36 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg shrivels



23. Aflatoxins (B1 = 60; Tot. = 65 µg/kg - ppb) in whole nutmegs

24. Aflatoxins (B1 = 9.9; Tot. = 12.5 µg/kg - ppb) in shrivelled crushed nutmeg

25. Aflatoxins (B1 = 61.43; Tot. = 72.47 / B1 = 25.48; Tot. = 30.41 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg

26. Aflatoxins (B1 = 19.5; Tot. = 20.7 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg shrivels


28. Aflatoxins (B1 = 8.1 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg powder

Mycotoxin Aflatoxin (2)




2a

11/28/2013

[email protected]

12


12 Notifications:1. Aflatoxins (B1 = 24.1; Tot. = 28.3 µg/kg - ppb) in garlic coated peanuts2. Aflatoxins (B1 = 50.8; Tot. = 55.6 µg/kg - ppb) in egg coated peanuts3. Aflatoxins (B1 = 12; Tot. = 14.3 µg/kg - ppb) in hot chilli coated peanuts4. Aflatoxins (B1 = 100; Tot. = 105 µg/kg - ppb) in nutmeg shrivels5. Aflatoxins (B1 = 9.0; Tot. = 11.2 µg/kg - ppb) in ground nutmeg

6. Faecal streptococci (300 CFU/g) in dessicated coconut fine grade7. Faecal streptococci (3200 CFU/g) in coconut flour 8. Faecal streptococci (400 CFU/g) in dessicated coconut fine grade9. Faecal streptococci (900 CFU/g) in coconut flour from Indonesia

10.Salmonella Senftenberg (presence /25g) and Salmonella spp. (presence /25g) in desiccated coconut

11.Salmonella spp. (present /25g) in ground dessicated coconut12.Bacillus cereus (2100 CFU/g) and Enterococcus (11000 CFU/g) in

ground coconuta


Reasons of EU refusal for Nuts, Nut and produtcts and seeds from Indonesia (RASFF, from 01/01/2008 ‐ 15/10/2013 )


2a


7 Notifications

1. Parasitic infestation (larvae of Spirometra and Gnathostoma) of frog legs from Indonesia, via Belgium

2. Unauthorised irradiation of frog legs from Indonesia3. Prohibited substance chloramphenicol (0.56 µg/kg - ppb) in frozen

frog legs from Indonesia4. Parasitic infestation (Spirometra sp.L arvae) of frozen frogs' legs from

Indonesia5. Parasitic infestation of frozen frogs' legs from Indonesia6. Parasitic infestation of frozen frogs' legs from Indonesia7. Unauthorised irradiation of frozen frog legs from Indonesia, via

Belgium


Reasons of EU refusal for Meat and meat products (other than poultry) from Indonesia (RASFF, from 01/01/2008 ‐ 15/10/2013 )


2a

11/28/2013

[email protected]

13


5 Notifications

1. Glass fragments in canned pineapple chunks from Indonesia, via Germany

2. Deterioration of fruit from Indonesia

3. Bulging and defective packaging of canned pineapple in syrup from Indonesia

4. Faecal streptococci (17000 CFU/g) in desiccated coconut from Indonesia, via Malaysia


Reasons of EU refusal for Fruits and Vegetables from Indonesia (RASFF, from 01/01/2008 ‐ 15/10/2013 )


2a


Emerging Issues Keamanan Pangan (Segar)2b

11/28/2013

[email protected]

14


Emerging Issues Keamanan Pangan (Segar)2b



Number of US rejections of food and feed exports from Indonesia,2002-2008 (The Trade Standards Compliance Report, 2010 (UNIDO))

2b

11/28/2013

[email protected]

15



VALUE of US rejections of FISH and FISHERY PRODUCTS exports from Indonesia, 2002-2008 (The Trade Standards Compliance Report, 2010 (UNIDO))

2b


2b

Reasons for US refusal of Indonesia food products (2002-08 The Trade Standards Compliance Report, 2010; UNIDO)

11/28/2013

[email protected]

16


HeavyMetal

Vet drugResidues

Biotoxins/ Contaminants

Product composition

Filthy/Unsanitary

MicrobiologicalContaminants

MicrobiologicalContaminants

Unregistered process/

manufacturer

LabellingMycotoxin

2

3

4

1

1

2

3

4

3COMPARISON : Reasons for EU and US refusal of Indonesia food products(2002-08 The Trade Standards Compliance Report, 2010; UNIDO)


Analisis Risiko (RA) dipicu dandidorong oleh WTO

Diadopsi oleh banyak organisasiinternasional (FAO, WTO)

Diadopsi oleh banyak negara

4Analisis Risiko – Antisipasi isu baru

AR

11/28/2013

[email protected]

17


AR Analisis Risiko (RA) dipicu dan

didorong oleh WTO

Diadopsi oleh banyak organisasiinternasional (FAO, WTO)

Diadopsi oleh banyak negara

Analisis risiko sebagai kerangka pengembangan sistemkeamanan pangan Kebijakan suatu negara


FSO/PO/Standar


Di Tingkat KebijakanNegara (Nasional)

• Fokus pada risiko• ALOP


AR


FSO/PO/Standar

11/28/2013

[email protected]

18


GHPs/GMPs/GAPs

35

Di Tingkat KebijakanNegara (Nasional)

• Fokus pada risiko• ALOP

Di tingkat Operasional(Industri, produsen)

• Fokus pada bahaya• Sistem manajemen


AR


Diterjemah‐kan/dioperasi

kanHACCP

FSO/PO/Standar


GHPs/GMPs/GAPs

HACCP

Terdiri dari• Kajian Risiko (Risk Assessment)• Manajemen Risiko (Risk

Management)• Komunikasi Risiko (Risk

Communication)


AR


FSO/PO/Standar

11/28/2013

[email protected]

19


Fasilitasi perdagangan(global) yang adil/fair

Perlindungan KesehatanKonsumen/Publik

Analisis risiko sebagai kerangka pengembangan sistemkeamanan pangan

Terdiri dari• Kajian Risiko (Risk Assessment)• Manajemen Risiko (Risk

Management)• Komunikasi Risiko (Risk

Communication)



Komunikasi RisikoPertukaran interaktif, informasi

dan opinimengenai risiko

Kerangka kerja Analisis risiko (Codex Alimentarius)

Kajian Risiko

● Identifikasi bahaya● karakterisasi bahaya● Kajian paparan● Karakterisasi risiko

Manajemen Risiko

Evaluasi Risiko Kajian opsi manajemen Implementasi opsi manajemen Monitor & evaluasi


11/28/2013

[email protected]

20


Prioritasi penanganan isu baru?

Kajian Risiko



• Dampak isu thd:

• Kesehatan?

• Industri?

• Perdagangan?

• Ekonomi publik?Kepentingankhusus????



Kajian Risiko



• Lembaga kajian risikokeamanan pangannasional?

• Kajian risikodilakukan olehberbagaidepartemen teknisdan BPOM

11/28/2013

[email protected]

21



Kajian Risiko



• Lembaga kajian risikokeamanan pangannasional?


Terimakasih

Terimakasih

2013. Hariyadi, P. Analisis Risiko Emerging Issues Keamanan PanganSegar. Bahan Presentasi pada “Rapat Koordinasi Penanganan KeamananPangan dalam Jejaring Keamanan Pangan Nasional”: PengamananKeamanan Pangan Segar sebagai Upaya Penjaminan Keamanan PanganSegar uang Beredar. Badan Ketahanan Pangan, Kementerian Pertanian, RI. Selasa, 12, November 2013.

Purwiyatno Hariyadi adalah profesor Rekayasa Proses Pangan, Departemen Ilmu danTeknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB dan Direktur Southeast Asian Food &

Agricultural Science & Technology (SEAFAST) Center, LPPM, IPB

11/28/2013

[email protected]

22


PERTANYAAN‐KOMENTAR :

1. Badan Ketahanan Pangan, Prov Jabar (sentra sayur dan buah):• Ekspor Manggis dan paprika (direject karena ada semut)• Ditemukan pestisida “unkown” • Jabar “dijamin keamanan pangannya”• RAPG sudah diaplikasikan di Jabar

2. Mustafa Aris (Riau):• Batas negara? Batas laut?• Pangan olahan• OKPD pengawasan???

3. Penanya 3: • Warning? Lampu merah! Mau tdak mau/suka tdk suka globalisasi!• Sayur segar?????? form farm to table• Belum mempunyai disain yang besar! China Food Safety Authority.• Hulu???

4. Heri (BKP Bangka/Belitung):• Beras pengujian semua sample mengandung pestisida (Kalau tidak boleh pestisida,

lalu pakai apa?).• Apa yg perlu dilakukan di daerah????????• Pengadaan rapid test?? Dana!

Date post:	30-Apr-2019
Category:	Documents
Upload:	hoangdung
View:	221 times
Download:	0 times

ANALISIS RISIKO EMERGING ISSUES …phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id/files/2013/11/Presentation...11/28/2013...

Documents