ANALOGIESANALOGIES

an ANALOGY an ANALOGY is…..is…..

a term that means "word relationships." Analogies are like a word puzzle.

ANALOGIES…….ANALOGIES…….

Always contain two pairs Always contain two pairs of words. of words.

Solving analogies helps Solving analogies helps you develop critical you develop critical thinking skills.thinking skills.

ANALOGIES……..ANALOGIES……..can be abbreviated……..can be abbreviated……..

Dog is to cat as man is to Dog is to cat as man is to

woman.woman.

becomesbecomes

dog : cat :: dog : cat :: man : womanman : woman

Types of AnalogiesTypes of AnalogiesAntonymsAntonyms

SynonymsSynonyms

Cause and EffectCause and Effect

Part to WholePart to Whole

LocationLocation

Characteristic QualityCharacteristic Quality

DegreeDegree

FunctionFunction

Performer and ActionPerformer and Action

Performer and ObjectPerformer and Object

AntonymsAntonymsOn is to off as black is to white.On is to off as black is to white.

Girl is to boy as up is to down.Girl is to boy as up is to down.

night : day :: happy : sadnight : day :: happy : sad

pairs that show an opposite

relationship

SynonymsSynonymsBrown is to tan as Fall is to Brown is to tan as Fall is to

autumn.autumn.

Couch is to sofa as bush is to Couch is to sofa as bush is to shrub.shrub.

husband : spouse :: baby : husband : spouse :: baby : infantinfant

pairs that show a similar

relationship or have the

same meaning

Cause and EffectCause and EffectRain is to umbrella as hungry is Rain is to umbrella as hungry is to eat.to eat.

Fire is to smoke as diet is to lose Fire is to smoke as diet is to lose weight .weight .

thirsty : drink ::thirsty : drink ::

study : make good gradesstudy : make good grades

Involves a noun or verb

that leads to the other word

Part to WholePart to Whole

monitor is to computer as finger monitor is to computer as finger is to handis to hand

pitcher is to baseball as lettuce pitcher is to baseball as lettuce is to saladis to salad

student : classroom :: student : classroom :: leaf : treeleaf : tree

pairs that show the

first word as part of the

second word

LocationLocationFish is to sea as moose is to ForestFish is to sea as moose is to Forest

Mrs. Lee: C-18 ::Mrs. Lee: C-18 ::

Mrs. Beaver : C-17Mrs. Beaver : C-17

Where something

can be found

Action and ObjectAction and Object

What’s the relationship?What’s the relationship?

BOIL : EGG :: throw : BOIL : EGG :: throw : ballball

In these items, the

object always receives the

action

Performer and ActionPerformer and Action

What’s the relationship?What’s the relationship?

AUTHOR : WRITE :: Chef : AUTHOR : WRITE :: Chef : CCook.ook.

In these items, person

doing something

Performer and ObjectPerformer and Object

Cashier : Cash :: Plumber : PipeCashier : Cash :: Plumber : Pipe

A person working with a tangible object

FunctionFunction

knife : cut :: pen : writeknife : cut :: pen : write

The function of a knife is to cut, just as the function of a pen is to write.

How something

works

DegreeDegree

chuckle : laugh :: whimper : crychuckle : laugh :: whimper : cry

A chuckle is a little laugh just A chuckle is a little laugh just as a whimper is a little cry.as a whimper is a little cry.

How much of somethin

g

Characteristic QualityCharacteristic Quality

puppies : furry :: fish : slipperypuppies : furry :: fish : slippery

Puppies are furry, fish are Puppies are furry, fish are slippery.slippery.

Describes something

ClassificationClassification

Ballet : dance :: frog : Ballet : dance :: frog : amphibianamphibian

Ballet can be classified as a Ballet can be classified as a dance just like a frog can be dance just like a frog can be classified as an amphibian. classified as an amphibian. Puts

something in a

category

Complete the analogy:Complete the analogy:

Boy is to girl as man is toBoy is to girl as man is to

mothermotherteacherteacherwomanwomanauntaunt

womanAntonyms

carpenter is to hammer as carpenter is to hammer as photographer is tophotographer is to

picturepicturefilmfilm

cameracameraflashflash

camera

Performer and Object

host is to hostess as waiter is host is to hostess as waiter is toto

waitresswaitressmealmeal

stewardessstewardessfoodfood

waitressAntonyms or

Synonyms

lumber is to house as rubber lumber is to house as rubber is tois to

treetreehammerhammer

gumgumtire tire

tirePart to Whole

empty : full :: awkward :empty : full :: awkward :

gracefulgracefulclumsyclumsyhelpful helpful hollowhollow

gracefulAntonyms

pedal : bicycle :: mantel :pedal : bicycle :: mantel :

burnburnfireplacefireplace

rideride warm warm

fireplacePart to Whole

run : sprint :: pretty :run : sprint :: pretty :

nicenicemeanmeanuglyugly

gorgeousgorgeous

gorgeousDegree

rose : flower :: cat : rose : flower :: cat :

felinefelineanimalanimal

softsoftquickquick

animalClassification

mourn : rejoice :: dawn :mourn : rejoice :: dawn :

dusk duskmorningmorningsun upsun up

dayday

duskAntonyms

sail : ship :: ride :sail : ship :: ride :

cowboycowboyCardinalCardinalIndianIndianhorsehorse

horse

Action and Object

pie : dessert :: maple :pie : dessert :: maple :

treetreeeateat

sweetsweetcut cut

treeClassification

Identify the type of analogyIdentify the type of analogy

wing : bird :: tire : carwing : bird :: tire : car

synonymssynonyms part to whole part to whole

general to specificgeneral to specificcause and effectcause and effect

Part to Whole

Identify the type of analogyIdentify the type of analogy

hit : tennis ball :: stop : red lighthit : tennis ball :: stop : red light

general to specificgeneral to specificsynonymssynonyms

action and objectaction and objectpart to wholepart to whole

Action and Object

Identify the type of analogyIdentify the type of analogy

woman : women :: child : woman : women :: child : childrenchildren

synonymssynonymsantonymsantonyms

general to specificgeneral to specificpart to wholepart to whole

Synonyms(singular to plural)

Identify the type of analogyIdentify the type of analogy

space suit : astronaut :: space suit : astronaut :: violin : orchestraviolin : orchestra

performer and objectperformer and objectcause and effectcause and effect

antonymsantonymssynonymssynonymsPerformer

and Object

Identify the type of analogyIdentify the type of analogy

river : Mississippi :: religion : river : Mississippi :: religion : BaptistBaptist

part to wholepart to wholeclassificationclassification

cause and effectcause and effectsynonymssynonyms

Classification