1

Analysis and Control of River Pollution

A Presentation by :Aditya B.DeshpandeAshish A.Bhalerao

Automobile Engg. Department,M.M.Polytechnic,Pune-33.

2

Contents

Present Global River pollution – Short Study Roots of this pollution What can be done? Analysis Water Treatment Conclusion References

3

Present Global River Pollution

In cities we the people, are just enjoying the benefits.

By just opening a small tap we get plenty full of water may be for drinking or for other purposes but just imagine the rural life, the women in rural areas have to carry huge vessels on their head and travel long distances by walk.

Don’t we have plenty of water? Where this water has gone? or is water level increasing?

All this can be considered up to a limit but main problem is arisen from RIVER WATER POLLUTION. Because as mainly water from seas and oceans is saline only the fresh water from rivers is useful.

4

So problems caused due to river pollution are:

1) Scarcity of drinking water.

2) Scarcity of aquatic organisms- fishes, crabs, crocodiles, snakes and other species which are on extinct.

3) Scarcity of useful aquatic vegetation- which help in reducing pollution by absorbing harmful gases.

4) Spreading of various diseases- diarrhoea, jaundice, cholera, dengue, some of which cause because of mosquitoes taking birth from rivers.

5

Fig 1 : it shows fishes dying due to industrial pollution

6

Roots of this pollution

Population: Population is most important and responsible factor for causing pollution. With constant & considerable

increase of population, their demands are also increasing too much.

– For controlling such a huge population it becomes hard for government so undisciplined behavior and lack of awareness regarding pollution increases.

Industries : To fulfill basic needs of growing population industrialization is need & for one more reason it is needed that is globalization.. This can be good but it leads to negligence towards awareness of river pollution.

7Fig 2 : It shows polluted river due to waste water from industries

8

What can be done?

Many resources and control measures are available today.

But before using such river pollution control methods a strong change is needed in respect of public discipline, environmental awareness.

As government invests funds for various development projects, it should also should give equal importance for river pollution control.

If now in this stage if this increasing river pollution is ignored then it will be very hard for upcoming next generation. They will face many hazardous problems.

9Fig 3: A man gathering useful things from a enormously polluted

river

10

Analysis Analysis is the first and very important step of river pollution

control.

It is basic & first stage.

Before analysis nothing can done. i.e. analysis gives information about nature of polluted water, its

toxicity, its response with various treatments etc.

With advancement of technology there are many ways or river pollution analysis. These are simulation/computer based, artificial based and also nature based.

11

Analysis Tests 1) Simulation/ Computer based : This technique works as a spy. It

constantly keeps an eye on each and every action of river cycle which gives results like a survey. This becomes very useful for judging which type of water treatment method should be used. However it is costly method so it is not suitable for economically weak nations.

Reference : fig 4

2) Artificial based : There are two types- a) Carbon-Oxygen Demand (COD) test b) Nitrogen detection test.

3) Nature based : There are again two types- a) Biological-Oxygen Demand (BOD) test b) PH test

12

Fig 4 : Simulation/ Computer based analysis Techniques

13

Water Treatment After analysis the actual water treatment starts as per the

results & it is totally depended on analysis results. During water treatment there should be strict following of

rules that pollution should not enter the river by any way otherwise the war-level efforts can go in vain.

There should be total ban on industries to allow waste water or other products to enter river.

Area around rivers should be like a curfew place where only people working on river pollution control project should be allowed to visit.

14

Types of Water treatments Microbial and Bacterial Method- It is one of the most easy and

cheaper water treatment method. It requires a slow & steady water current flow. Bacteria are produced in the river. These bacteria with their natural power purify the river water & waste products are collected aside.

Reference :Tanabe city, Wakayama prefecture, Japan.

Electrolysis: This is a scientific way. River water treatment by this method may be complicated so such treatments can be used for industrial waste and domestic sewage before entering into rivers.

Many other treatment methods like sewage treatment plants, centrifugal water treatment plants, etc are also available but the above stated are common.

15

Conclusion If sincere efforts are taken in a planned manner, then it is very

easy for controlling river pollution. Just there is need of awaking people and educating them about

how river pollution is caused, what are its effects, what can be done & also they should know that many people are daily loosing their lives because of this pollution.

Rivers are treated as sacred and holy & yes these are god gifts but people are taking this in different way & perform many rituals and many things which pollute river. This should stop first. Refer fig 5.

e.g. Ganges, India. Yangtze, China & many rivers of Egypt & Greece.

16

Fig 5 : it shows people performing their rituals on banks of river which is one of the most ancient &

sacred rivers of the world. But now is one of the most polluted river.

17

References 1) www.wikipedia.org 2) www.google.com/images 3) www.bikanken.org 4) http://www.wildlifetrust.org.uk/facts/rivers 4) www.rainwaterharvesting.org/crisis/RiverPollution 5) http://www.clean-flo.com/river_improvement.html

BBC Reports

River life project, Finland

Kanpur leather industries

18

THANK YOU !