I JSRD - I nternational Jour nal f or Scie nti fi c Re se arch & Deve lopment| Vol. 1, I ss ue 3, 2013 | I SS N (onl in e ): 2321-061 3 All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com646 Analysis of Parking Demand and Suggesting Alternative for Parking (A Case Study of Mahesana City) Rikshit D. Patel 1 Prof. V. R. Gor 2 Prof. H. K. Dave 3 1 M.E. Student 2 Assistant Professor 3 Associate Professor 1, 2, 3 Civil Engineering Department 1, 2, 3 Government Engineering College, Modasa, Gujarat, India Abstract— With the phenomenal increase in personalized motor vehicles, one of the major problems confronted by the motorists is the acute shortage of parking space. The demand for parking has increased in alarming proportion in Central Business District (CBD) areas and other work/activity centers of the cities. The provision of multi- level parking and their effective use emerges as the most viable initiative in the cities. In Toranvali Mataji is one of the busiest market in Mehsana city. It is the main connecting link between the central business district and the main residential areas in Mehsana city. This study was mainly aimed to find the present parking scenario in the area which included parking demand, parking supply, and parking price. To suggest suitable parking facility and work out parking price based on cost of facility suggested. I.INTRODUCTION Parking control has become the chief means available to cities all over the world to limit congestion. It is the enforcement of laws and regulations. Illegally parked vehicles are seen almost everywhere. Traffic congestion is like a malignant disease and due to lack of vehicle parking facilities in the centre of cities, land values tend to fall. The ideal solution would be to rebuild our cities to the requirements of the motor car age. Such proposals may be included in a long term plan. But motor vehicles must be accommodated urgently otherwise the consequences may be very serious resulting in the loss of business and property values. A.Need for the Study: Toranvali Mataji is one of the most congested locations in Mahesana city. High volume of traffic consisting of both fast and slow moving vehicles is plying through the road. The growth rates are reflected in the growth of traffic volume on the roads, thus leading to congestion and subsequent reduction in speed. So it has become necessary to project the future traffic growth and thereby finding out the requirement of increase in carriage way widths required to carry this traffic. The parking space provided is not sufficient to meet the parking demand. Hence it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the traffic characteristics and parking demand of the area for parking design and parking pricing. B.Objectives: The objectives of the study are: - 1)To study the parking characteristics in Toranvali Mataji market (CBD) and to assess whether the demand is met with. 2)To project the future traffic scenario in Toranvali Mataji market (CBD). 3)To improve the parking facilities utilizing the available infrastructure for meeting the parking demand of various categories of vehicles. 4)Suggesting Parking Price for vehicles. II.METHODOLOGY Fig. 1: Methodology III. DATACOLLECTIONANDANALYSIS A.General: Implementation of methodology requires collection of data at different stretches by conducting parking survey with respect to Parking Space Inventory survey, Parking Usage Survey by Patrol, Questionnaire Type Parking Usage Survey. For the proposed study, a small road network of Mahesana city is selected.
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8/12/2019 Analysis of Parking Demand and Suggesting Alternative for Parking (A Case Study of Mahesana City)
I JSRD - I nternational Journal f or Scienti fi c Research & Development| Vol. 1, I ssue 3, 2013 | I SSN (onl ine): 2321-0613
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Analysis of Parking Demand and Suggesting Alternative for Parking(A Case Study of Mahesana City)
Rikshit D. Patel 1 Prof. V. R. Gor 2 Prof. H. K. Dave 3 1 M.E. Student 2Assistant Professor 3Associate Professor
1, 2, 3
Civil Engineering Department1, 2, 3 Government Engineering College, Modasa, Gujarat, India
Abstract — With the phenomenal increase in personalizedmotor vehicles, one of the major problems confronted by themotorists is the acute shortage of parking space. Thedemand for parking has increased in alarming proportion inCentral Business District (CBD) areas and otherwork/activity centers of the cities. The provision of multi-level parking and their effective use emerges as the most
viable initiative in the cities.In Toranvali Mataji is one of the busiest market inMehsana city. It is the main connecting link between thecentral business district and the main residential areas inMehsana city. This study was mainly aimed to find the
present parking scenario in the area which included parkingdemand, parking supply, and parking price. To suggestsuitable parking facility and work out parking price based oncost of facility suggested.
I. INTRODUCTION
Parking control has become the chief means available tocities all over the world to limit congestion. It is the
enforcement of laws and regulations. Illegally parkedvehicles are seen almost everywhere. Traffic congestion islike a malignant disease and due to lack of vehicle parkingfacilities in the centre of cities, land values tend to fall. Theideal solution would be to rebuild our cities to therequirements of the motor car age. Such proposals may beincluded in a long term plan. But motor vehicles must beaccommodated urgently otherwise the consequences may bevery serious resulting in the loss of business and propertyvalues.
A. Need for the Study:Toranvali Mataji is one of the most congested locations in
Mahesana city. High volume of traffic consisting of bothfast and slow moving vehicles is plying through the road.The growth rates are reflected in the growth of trafficvolume on the roads, thus leading to congestion andsubsequent reduction in speed. So it has become necessaryto project the future traffic growth and thereby finding outthe requirement of increase in carriage way widths requiredto carry this traffic. The parking space provided is notsufficient to meet the parking demand. Hence it is necessaryto conduct a detailed analysis of the traffic characteristicsand parking demand of the area for parking design and
parking pricing.
B. Objectives:The objectives of the study are: -
1) To study the parking characteristics in ToranvaliMataji market (CBD) and to assess whether thedemand is met with.
2) To project the future traffic scenario in ToranvaliMataji market (CBD).
3) To improve the parking facilities utilizing theavailable infrastructure for meeting the parkingdemand of various categories of vehicles.
4) Suggesting Parking Price for vehicles.
II. METHODOLOGY
Fig. 1: Methodology
III. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
A. General:Implementation of methodology requires collection of dataat different stretches by conducting parking survey withrespect to Parking Space Inventory survey, Parking UsageSurvey by Patrol, Questionnaire Type Parking UsageSurvey. For the proposed study, a small road network ofMahesana city is selected.
8/12/2019 Analysis of Parking Demand and Suggesting Alternative for Parking (A Case Study of Mahesana City)
B. Forecasting Of Future Demand of Parking:For prediction of future parking demand regression analysisis the best method. The formula expressing the compoundrate of growth of traffic is:
Pn = P 0 (1+r) n
Pn = Parking demand in the nth yearP0 = Parking demand in the base yearn= no of years
r=annual rate of growth of parking demand, expressed indecimals
Vehicle Type Average Growth Rate As Per Vehicle Registration (%)
Two Wheeler 9.95Three Wheeler 14.83Four Wheeler 6.59
Table 2 Average Traffic Growth Rate
Fig. 3: Growth rates of vehicles
Fig. 4: Parking Demand
C. Willingness to Pay Survey Analysis:Purpose of Willingness to Pay Survey Analysis is to decide
parking price. In table 3 analyzed survey data.
Char acteri stics Question Response1. Sample
Characteristics Sample size 395
2. Purpose OfVisit
Work ( % ) 16.96Shop ( % ) 38.99
Business ( % ) 15.44other ( % ) 28.61
3. Parking Price
Acceptable Parking Distance (Meter) 200 to 300
Are parking charges up to 1 hr. ofRs. 10 to 15 for Car & Rs. 5 to 10
For 2W acceptable?
Yes ( %)
76.60
No ( % ) 23.40
Are parking charges up to 1 hr. ofRs. 5 to 10for Car & Rs. 2 to 5
For 2W acceptable?
Yes ( %)
88.93
No ( % )11.0
7Table. 3: Willingness to Pay Survey Analysis
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
8 . 0
0 T
0 8
. 3 0
9 . 0
0 T
0 9
. 3 0
1 0
. 0 0
T 0
1 0
. 3 0
1 1
. 0 0
T 0
1 1
. 3 0
1 2
. 0 0
T 0
1 2
. 3 0
1 3
. 0 0
T 0
1 3
. 3 0
1 4
. 0 0
T 0
1 4
. 3 0
1 5
. 0 0
T 0
1 5
. 3 0
1 6
. 0 0
T 0
1 6
. 3 0
1 7
. 0 0
T 0
1 7
. 3 0
1 8
. 0 0
T 0
1 8
. 3 0
1 9
. 0 0
T 0
1 9
. 3 0
N o
. o
f V e
h i c l e
Time
Two
Wheeler
Three
Wheeler
Four
Wheeler
Total
Vehicle
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2 0
1 3 - 1
4
2 0
1 5 - 1
6
2 0
1 7 - 1
8
2 0
1 9 - 2
0
2 0
2 1 - 2
2
2 0
2 3 - 2
4
2 0
2 5 - 2
6
2 0
2 7 - 2
8
N u m
b e r O
f V e
h i c l e
Year
Two
Wheel
er
Three
Wheel
er
0.00
2000.004000.00
6000.00
8000.00
10000.00
12000.00
14000.00
16000.00
18000.00
2 0 1 3 - 1
4
2 0 1 5 - 1
6
2 0 1 7 - 1
8
2 0 1 9 - 2
0
2 0 2 1 - 2
2
2 0 2 3 - 2
4
2 0 2 5 - 2
6
2 0 2 7 - 2
8
P a r k i n g A r e a
Year
Two
Wheel
er
Three
wheel
er
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D. Proposed Parking Fee:Parking fee assigned for both on-street and off-street
parking shown in table 4 Different parking fees were proposed for the vehicles.
P ar kingScheme
Parking fee for two wheelers Parking fee for four wheelers(car)
<1hr
1to2hr
2to3hr
3to4hr
4to5hr
>5hr
<1hr
1to2hr
2to3hr
3to4hr
4to5hr
>5hr
Of f-St reet
4 6 8 11 13 14 8 11 14 16 18 2
1
On-St reet
6 8 12 15 18 20
11 15 20 23 25 3
0
Table. 4: Proposed Parking Fee
E. Financial analysis:Financial appraisal for the above proposals, the cost outflowconsisting of both capital and recurring costs has beenworked out for a project period of 5 years. The capital costhas been considered in the construction period of one year.Cost estimation was carried out for the proposed parkingmanagement proposals as in Table 5
Detailed cost estimate for parking development schemes for the five year
Sr. No Type of scheme
Type of parking development schemeOn-street parking
Off-street parking
Capacity of system (nos.)1 Two wheelers 598 6762 Four wheelers 57 100
Cost of system1 Cost of system 2.6 67.6
2 Real Interest Rate (10%) 13.01 338.31
Sub-total 15.61 405.91Recurring cost for the five year (Rs in millions)
Sub-total 25.99 30.24Total cost of the fiveyear (Rs in millions)
41.6 436.15477.75
Table. 5: Cost Estimate of Parking Development Schemes
F. Revenue Generation:
The proposed parking development schemes were expectedto generate revenue throughout the project period. Therevenue stream has been projected for the project period byincreasing the parking fee by ten percent every year toaccount for the inflation. In the case of parking developmentschemes, the major source of revenue is parking fee. Table 6represents the revenue generated in five years.
Sr. no. Types of vehicles No. of vehicles per Day1 Two wheelers 29122 Four wheelers 534
Revenue generation in the five year (Rs in millions)Total Revenue 481.54
Table. 6: Details of revenue generation from parking
development schemes
IV. CONCLUSIONS With the phenomenal increase in personalized motor
vehicles, one of the major problems confronted by themotorists is the acute shortage of parking space. Thedemand for parking has increased in alarming
proportion in Central Business District (CBD) areas andother work/activity centers of the cities. The provision
of multi-level parking and their effective use emerges asthe most viable initiative in the cities. On the basis ofthe present study conducted in Mahesana City thefollowing conclusions have been drawn:
Based on the analysis of the accumulation pattern it wasfound that the maximum accumulation in the morningoccurs between 10 AM to 12 noon and between 5 PMto 8 PM in the evening.
The study of parking duration analysis suggests thatshort duration parking is high. Hence, parking turn-overis high causing congestion on the streets. To reducethis, heavy parking fee is to be levied on the shortduration parking vehicles.
From the willingness to pay study it was observed thatacceptable walking distance from Off-street to work
place is 200 to 300 m. To solve the parking problems immediately short-term
solution can be adopted with congestion pricing as,operation and maintenance cost is very much less foron-street parking management rather than off-streetBut, based on the future parking demand in the studyareas long term management plan (provision of multi-level parking) is preferred.
Parking fee was assigned for on-street and off-street parking and financial evaluation was carried out. Thefee for parking on the streets has been kept deliberatelyhigh compared to multi- Park so as to discourage the
parkers to park on street. The high demand for parking spaces in the horizon
years could be effectively met by the development ofautomated parking system, which is economically
justified based on prevailing parking demand trends.
REFERENCES
[1]. Bain, R. (2002) ‘Improving the Quality of City centre parking’.
[2]. Calthrop, E., Proost, S. and van Dender, K. (2000)‘Parking Policies and Road Pricing’.
[3]. Coombe, D., Guest, P., Bates J. and Le Masurier, P.(1997) ‘Study of parking and traffic demand’
[4]. Feeney, B.P. (1989) ‘A review of impact of parking policy measures on travel demand’.
[5]. Gerrard, B., Still, B. and Jopson, A. (2001) ‘The Impactof Road Pricing and Workplace Parking Levies on theUrban Economy: results from a survey of businessattitudes’.
[6]. Guan, H. et al. (2005) ‘Modeling Parking Behavior forBetter Control and Pricing: A Case Study From One ofthe Busiest Retail Shopping Areas in Beijing, China’,Paper presented at the 84 th Annual Meeting of theTransportation Research Board, Washington D.C.,January 2005.
8/12/2019 Analysis of Parking Demand and Suggesting Alternative for Parking (A Case Study of Mahesana City)
Analysis of Parking Demand and Suggesting Alternative for Parking (A Case Study of Mahesana City)(IJSRD/Vol. 1/Issue 3/2013/0062)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 649
[7]. Lee, S., Lee, Y.H. and Park, J.H. (2003) ‘EstimatingPrice and Service Elasticity of Urban Transportationdemand With States Preference technique: A Case inKorea’. Paper presented at 82 nd Annual Meeting of theTransportation Research Board, Washington D.C., andJanuary 2003.
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