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ANALYSIS OF
RENEWABLE ENERGY
PROJECT PREPARATION
FACILITIES IN SUB-
SAHARAN AFRICA
Intended for
SIDA
Document type
Report
Date
December 2015
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
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CONTENTS
1. ABBREVIATIONS 3 2. INTRODUCTION 5 2.1 Sida and Power Africa 5 2.2 Project scope 5 3. BACKGROUND 7 3.1 The financing gap 7 3.2 Project preparation 7 4. PROJECT PREPARATION FACILITIES 9 4.1 Roles and stakeholders 9 4.2 Types of financing 10 4.3 Categorisation of PPFs 11 4.4 PPF database 11 4.5 Overview of PPF extracts from database 12 4.6 Other PPF databases 13 5. GAP ANALYSIS 14 5.1 Geographical coverage 14 5.2 Size of investments 15 6. SITUATION ANALYSIS 16 6.1 Best practices according to interviewed PPFs 16 6.2 Constraints and hurdles 16 6.3 On-going improvements and requested support from Sida 17 7. CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR PPFS 19 8. RECOMMENDATIONS TO SIDA 21
APPENDIX I – GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE OF PPF SUPPORTED
PROJECTS 23
APPENDIX II – SUMMARY OF PROJECT PREPARATION FACILITIES
DATABASE 30
TABLE OF FIGURES AND TABLES
Figure 1. The project development cycle .................................................... 7 Figure 2. Illustration of financing flow to project owners ............................... 9 Figure 3. Project preparation financing framework, ICA (2014) ................... 10 Figure 4. Categorisation of identified PPFs ................................................ 11 Figure 6. Visualisation of PPF coverage .................................................... 15 Figure 7. Overview of critical success factors ............................................ 19
Table 1. Headings in PPF database ............................................................ 5 Table 2. Size of PPF investment and funding ............................................. 15 Table 3. Overview of Ramboll's recommendations to Sida .......................... 21
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1. ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation Explanation
ICA The Infrastructure Consortium for Africa
DFI Development Finance Institution
MDB Multilateral Development Bank
PPF Project Preparation Facility
RECs Regional Economic Communities
Sida The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency
USAID United States Agency for International Development
PPFs
ACEF Africa Clean Energy Finance initiative
ACF Access Co-Development Fund
ACP-EC EF II African, Caribbean and Pacific - European Commission Energy Facility II
AECF REACT Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund
AFD DBSA PPFS Agence Française de Dèveloppement Development Bank of Southern Africa Project Preparation and Feasibility Study
AREF Africa Renewable Energy Fund
CDFF Climate Development and Finance Facility
CDKN Climate & Development Knowledge Network
CIC Kenya Climate Innovation Centre
CIF-CTF The Climate Investment Funds Clean Technology Fund
Clean Start Programme The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) – Clean Start Programme
CTI-PFAN Climate Technology Initiative-Private Financing Advisory Network
DBSA EIB PDSF Development Bank of Southern Africa European Investment Bank Project Development and Support Facility
DBSADF Development Bank of Southern Africa Development Fund
DEG the German Development Finance Institutions
DemoMiljö III DemoMiljö
DevCo Infrastructure Development Collaboration Partnership Fund
DI Frontier Investment The Confederation of Danish Industry Frontier Investment
EAIF Emerging Africa Infrastructure Fund
EAV Energy Access Ventures
EEDF EU-EDFI Private Sector Development Facility
EEP Energy and Environment Partnership South & East Africa
ElectriFI Electrification Finance Initiative
ESMAP The Energy Sector Management Assistance Program
EU-AITF EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund
Evolution One Fund Evolution One Fund
Finance and Competence Finance and Competence
FIRST Facility for Investment in Renewable Small Transactions
GAP Green Africa Power
GCPF Global Climate Partnership Fund
GEEF Green Energy Efficiency Fund
GEEREF Global Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fund
GEF Global Environment Facility
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Get FiT Global Energy Transfer – Feed-in Tariffs for developing countries
GIF Global Innovation Fund
GPOBA Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid
GVEP Global Village Energy Partnership
ICF-DP Infrastructure Crisis Facility – Debt Pool
IFC InfraVentures the IFC Global Infrastructure Project Development Fund
IISS International Infrastructure Support System
IRENA/ADFD International Renewable Energy Agency/Abu Dhabi Fund for Development Project Facility
KAM RTAP Phase II-SUNREF Regional Technical Assistance Programme
LFI The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) – Local Finance Initiative
LMSC Lereko Metier Sustainable Capital fund
NEPAD IPPF The New Partnership for Africa's Development Infrastructure Project Preparation Facility
OFID – Energy Poverty Program The OPEC Fund for International Development – Energy Poverty Program
PAIDF Pan African Infrastructure Development Fund
PEP Persistent Energy Partners
PIDG TAF Private Infrastructure Development Group Technical Assistance Facility
PPIAF Public Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility
Progeny Development Finance Progeny Development Finance
RECP Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme
REEEP The Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership
REF Rural Energy Fund
REPP Renewable Energy Performance Platform
SADC PPDF Southern Africa Development Community Project Preparation and Development Facility
SCAF Seed Capital Assistance Facility
SEFA Sustainable Energy Fund for Africa
SREP Climate Investment Fund (CIF) – Scaling Up Renewable Energy in Low Income Countries Program
USADF The United States African Development Foundation
USTDA United States Trade and Development Agency
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2. INTRODUCTION
2.1 Sida and Power Africa
The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) is a Swedish government
agency working on behalf of the Swedish parliament and government, with the mission to reduce
poverty in the world through development assistance. Sida works to implement the Swedish
development policy that will enable poor people to improve their lives and to distribute
humanitarian aid to people in need of assistance. Sida carries out enhanced development
cooperation with a total of 33 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America.
The need for projects in the Energy sector in the sub-Saharan region is massive and is the basis
for the Power Africa initiative. Power Africa was initiated by the U.S. president Barack Obama and
the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in 2013. The long-term goal of
Power Africa is to reduce poverty in Africa by increasing the electrification, more specifically by
doubling the electricity access rate. Sweden is participating since 2014 and has made a
commitment to catalyse and mobilise one billion USD over ten years towards energy sector
development in sub-Saharan Africa. The focus for the Swedish operations is renewable energy.
Other organisations such as the World Bank and the African Development Bank are also part of
the Power Africa initiative. Apart from contributing with funding, the partners of the initiative
work to engage others, such as private investors and stakeholders from the industry.
2.2 Project scope
Ramboll has, on behalf of Sida, conducted a mapping of Project Preparation Facilities (PPFs) in
the sub-Saharan region supporting projects within renewable energy and energy efficiency. The
mapping has resulted in a database and this report. The database consists of the identified PPFs
with information such as supported types of projects, countries, funding bracket and contact
information. The purpose of the database is to enable an easily accessible overview of the project
preparation support available on the market today. The headings in the database are presented
in Table 1 below.
The project has been carried out through a literature review and 15 interviews with stakeholders
active in the area of project preparation.
Table 1. Headings in PPF database
Heading Explanation
Abbreviation The PPFs short name
Title The full name of the PPF
PPF structure PPFs are categorised as either a program, fund or other
organisation depending on its structure
Support
The type of support the PPF provides. This can vary
between Financial support (F), Competence or advisory
support (C) or both Competence and Finance support
(C&F)
Year established The year the PPF was founded
Host organisation The organisation that hosts the PPF. Not applicable to all
PPFs
Contributors / donors / funders The actors that provides monetary support to the PPF
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Total Capital USD The total value of the funding available at the PPF
Funding bracket min USD The minimum amount of funding that the PPF will provide
Funding bracket max USD The maximum amount of funding that the PPF will
provide
Type of finance provided The type of financial support provided. Can range from
grants, guarantees, equity and various forms of debt
Supported energy types The type of energy projects and solutions the PPF
supports. RES = Renewable Energy Sources
PPF Description A description of the PPF in terms of support provided, its
objectives and purpose
Requirements for support A description of the requirements for the potential
projects supported by the PPF
Target countries The countries within sub-Saharan Africa that the PPFs
cover in terms of providing support
Actual countries The countries at which the PPF have stated finished or
ongoing projects
E-mail Contact details to the PPF
Phone Contact details to the PPF
PPF URL Address to the PPFs web-page
Responsible person Contact details to the PPF
Other contact information Contact details to the PPF
Ramboll's source of information The source from which the PPF was found
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3. BACKGROUND
3.1 The financing gap
Infrastructure and access to electricity is widely recognized as a key enabler in developing
countries1. In sub-Saharan Africa almost 600 million people lack access to electricity and only
seven countries have electricity access rates above 50 %2. Several studies have shown that the
GDP is connected to the electrification rates and that an increase in the electricity supply and
infrastructure would boost the countries’ GDPs3. Furthermore, it is commonly acknowledged that
renewable power generation and energy efficiency technologies must play a central role in any
sustainable development when increasing electrification access rates in the sub-Saharan region.
It is widely recognized that one of the main constraints for infrastructure development in Africa is
well-packaged, bankable projects4. Project preparation, the process of taking a project from
conceptualisation to implementation, is a costly and high risk phase in developing infrastructure.
The New Partnership for Africa's Development Infrastructure Project Preparation Facility (NEPAD-
IPPF) has recently estimated the cost for the activities conducted during project preparation to be
up to 10-12 % of the total project cost for large regional projects in Africa. Based on this, The
Infrastructure Consortium for Africa (ICA) has estimated the financing gap to be USD 24.9 billion
only for the four major African Regional Economic Communities (RECs).5
It is not only the lack of financial resources that constitutes a hurdle for developing bankable
projects; there is also a lack of technical capacity for undertaking project preparation.
3.2 Project preparation
The project development cycle is commonly divided into different phases. Both ICA6 and Public
Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF)7 divide the process into six main phases, from
enabling an environment with the right prerequisites for project development to monitoring of
outcomes while implementing the project, see Figure 1 below.
Figure 1. The project development cycle, phase 2-5 defining project preparation
1 UNDP/Sustainable Development Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy.
http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/mdgoverview/post-2015-development-agenda/goal-7.html 2 McKinsey & Company (2015) Brighter Africa, the growth potential if the sub-Saharan electricity sector 3 McKinsey & Company (2015) Brighter Africa, the growth potential if the sub-Saharan electricity sector 4 ICA (2014) Effective Project Preparation for Africa’s Infrastructure Development, Interviews 5 ICA (2014) Effective Project Preparation for Africa’s Infrastructure Development 6 ICA (2014) Effective Project Preparation for Africa’s Infrastructure Development 7 PPIAF (2007) The African Project Preparation Gap
Project preparation
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Project preparation, unlike project development, is commonly defined as phase 2. Project
Definition to phase 5. Transaction Support, and it is in the project preparation phases that
projects can seek both financial and technical support from project preparation facilities. The
purpose of such support is to make the project bankable and by extension succeeding in realising
it. The definition of project preparation is supported by the conducted interviews with
stakeholders. Most of the interviewees explain project preparation to be “all stages prior to the
project reaching financial close” where financial close can be defined as “The stage where they
can attract domestic and international finance”.8
8 http://www.pidg.org/what-we-do/companies/infraco-africa
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4. PROJECT PREPARATION FACILITIES
4.1 Roles and stakeholders
A key role of PPFs is to bridge resource gaps for project preparation in terms of both financing
and competence. The PPFs normally operate mainly in the mid- to late phases of project
preparation. As described by one of the interviewees:
“There is a strong need for PPFs as there is a lot capital looking for a good investment
opportunity yet there is a gap in terms of demand for that capital. PPFs work to bridge that gap
by preparing projects to be an attractive investment and connecting projects with investors.”
In the project preparation process there is a large number of stakeholders involved, ranging from
national governments to single project owners. What defines and constitutes a PPF can be
discussed and it should be noted that not all stakeholders interviewed were familiar with the
concept PPF and that different perspectives on the meaning of PPF were expressed. When the
concept was further explained the interviewees could relate to it and many of them recognized
themselves as a PPF. What the PPFs normally have in common is a combination of providing
financial support and competences to projects that are in a development phase. There are also
entities that provide support either in the form of competence or financing, where competence
can be any type of advisory support. Figure 2 below shows an illustration of the overall flow of
financial support to the project owner.
As shown in the figure, financial resources originate in organisations such as development banks
and agencies, national governments, international organisations and private corporations. The
financial resources are thereafter distributed through programs, funds or other organisations. The
funds can be used to provide the project owner with requested competences, through in-house
competence or external consultants. Funding can also be given directly to the project owner who
can then obtain needed support by its own. In many cases a PPF offers a combination of the two
and provides both financing and competences.
Figure 2. Illustration of financing flow to project owners
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A PPF in this context is thereby the program, fund or organisation providing the project owner
with financial support and/or requested competences, including or excluding in-house
competence. In the cases when the program/fund/organisation supports the project owner only
with financial resources the project owner may use the money received to hire consultants of its
own and thus money may flow in the opposite direction, from the project owner to the
consultants, see Figure 2. Usually these funds are targeted towards being used for certain stages
in the preparation process.
Another role the PPF holds is that of enabling future financing by providing the project owner with
contacts with possible investors, such as banks, private equity etc. This service does not include
any direct financial transactions but has by many been stressed as a success factor for the
projects.
4.2 Types of financing
There are four main types of financing for project preparation:
− Grants − Debt − Equity
− Guarantees
The four types of financing play different roles in the project development cycle, as seen in Figure
3. Grants are most common in the early and mid-stage of project development where the risk is
high. Grants are therefore considered very important in the phases leading up to bankability.
Guarantees and debt are common from mid-stage to implementation, while equity normally
comes in at a later stage and implementation phase.9 The conducted interviews confirm the
situation that grants are most common in the early stages of project preparation. The interviews
also revealed that during the early stages it is perceived as difficult to find debt, equity and
guarantees support from PPFs.
Figure 3. Project preparation financing framework, ICA (2014)10
9 ICA (2014) Effective Project Preparation for Africa’s Infrastructure Development 10 ICA (2014) Effective Project Preparation for Africa’s Infrastructure Development
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
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4.3 Categorisation of PPFs
The identified PPFs have been categorised based on type of organisation and the support they
offer, see
Figure 4. Categorisation of identified PPFs
. The main categories are programs, funds and other organisations, where the categorisation is
based on the PPFs’ own description of their organisation. The subcategories are decided based on
if the PPF offers financial resources, competence or both. The largest category is funds offering
financing, followed by programs offering both competence and financing. There are no identified
PPFs in the category funds offering only competence and only one program that only offer
competence.
Figure 4. Categorisation of identified PPFs
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4.4 PPF database
A database containing basic information of the identified PPFs has been compiled. The purpose of
the database is to assist entrepreneurs and investors in projects in finding PPFs that are well
suited to help develop the projects to the next phase. Thus, the database enables an overview of
PPFs supporting renewable energy projects in sub-Saharan Africa.
The main function of the database is to enable the search for PPFs based on certain criteria, such
as by whom it is funded, the span of funding bracket, or the countries in which the PPFs operate.
The database is designed to contain basic information regarding the PPFs, yet the information is
detailed enough to give a good overview to what type of services the PPF provides. Therefore,
information such as the facilities’ objectives is included. Furthermore, contact information and
web-page to the facilities are provided.
The PPFs have been identified through different sources. As a starting point the PPFs described
by ICA at their web-page have been included. Also, documents provided by Sida have been used
for identifying PPFs as well as the interviews that have generated points of contact to different
PPFs. Additionally, PPFs have been identified as some facilities have described other similar
organisations providing project support. Multilateral development banks and similar institutions
have also been used as starting point for finding PPFs. Lastly, the internet has been searched by
using search items specific for the identified PPFs.
4.5 Overview of PPF extracts from database
Below follows a brief description of a selection of identified PPFs. The PPFs described have been
chosen as they represent different types of support in terms of funding size and
funding/competence support model.
Seed Capital Assistance Facility (SCAF)
SCAF is a fund that offers funding for low carbon projects in development countries in Africa and
Asia. The contributors are the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Asian
Development Bank and the African Development Bank. The PPF is aimed at helping energy
investment funds in Asia and Africa to provide seed financing to early stage clean energy
enterprises and projects. SCAF offers funding in three stages:
Support line 0 – Enterprise development
Support line 1 – Seed capital cost sharing
Support line 2 – Project development
What distinguishes SCAF is that they only work through Private Equity (PE) firms. The PE-firms
propose a type of incubator solution where competence and progress can be transferred to the
target company even if the PE-firm does not fulfill the investment. The reason for working
through PE-firms, UNEP states, is that they identify the right projects and are much better at the
due diligence process compared to the PPF itself. Since PE-funds usually have a 2% management
fee they require fairly large projects to invest in. With this model they cannot invest in smaller
projects since it takes too long time and makes them unprofitable, even if they would be
successful. Thereby, with support from SCAF the PE-funds can invest in smaller projects.
However, SCAF requires the PE-funds to also invest and SCAF normally takes around 20% of the
investment. SCAF states that they, before working through PE-firms, used to have a ~30 %
success rate and that they now aim at 70 %.
Climate Technology Initiative-Private Financing Advisory Network (CTI-PFAN)
CTI-PFAN is a multilateral public private partnership offering competence for early stage clean
energy projects in, among other, sub-Saharan Africa. The PPF receives funding from CTI and
other funding partners including USAID, the Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Partnership
(REEEP), the Energy and Climate Partnership of the Americas (ECPA), International Development
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Research Centre (IDRC) and the International Center for Environmental Technology Transfer
(ICETT). The key objective for the PPF is to accelerate clean energy projects.
The CTI-PFAN identifies promising clean energy projects at an early stage and provides
mentoring for development of a business plan, investment pitch and growth strategy,
significantly enhancing the possibility of financial closure. The aim is to provide private financing
and thus they work to connect clean energy businesses and projects with private sector
financing. CTI-PFAN has four core services:
1. Project identification
2. Service investment readiness assessment
3. Provide coaching, mentoring, consulting
4. Tipping point technical assistance
The requirements for receiving support are technical viability, commercial viability, reducing
greenhouse gas emissions, development benefits, competent management team and growth
potential.
Electrification Finance Initiative (ElectriFI)
ElectriFI is a program currently being operationalized by the European Commission and is
expected to enter service in 2016. The contributor is the European Commission with European
Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) as anchor investors; the fund will also be open to
additional investors. The focus of the PPF is rural electricity, including for example minigrids,
anchor consumers to consumers and solar solutions. The PPF can also support small projects in
Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to grid.
ElectriFI will act as a financing mechanism to support market development and private sector
initiatives for affordable, sustainable, and reliable energy solutions in developing countries. The
fund will provide flexible support options, including technical assistance, junior debt, senior debt,
and equity.
The project requirements are renewable energy projects with high potential in developing
countries, addressing access to energy. Projects must be promoted to ElectriFI by another
European entity, such as a DFI or development agency11. For projects seeking funding at early
stages of the project development cycle ElectriFI requires the own-capital to be 50 % whereas
the requirement for developed projects is 15 %. ElectriFI will provide on average 12.5% of the
total project and no more than 50%.
U.S African Development Foundation (USADF)
USADF supports African-led development that grows community enterprises by providing seed
capital and technical support. The core projects are agricultural but under Power Africa the PPF
supports renewable energy projects, 2/3rds of which are within solar energy. USADF provides
grants of 100 000 UDS per project that normally covers 100 % of CAPEX and is a first stage seed
financing.
Beneficiaries are, as USADF expresses, “those who are presently underserved but ready to do
their part”, typically small holder farmers, youth, women and recovering communities. A key
requirement is that the supported organisation is locally owned and managed.
From the first round of the program 8 of the 22 projects are ready for additional financing and
they are moving towards 50 % success rate. This could be derived from the core operating
principles:
11 Africa-EU Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme. http://www.africa-eu-renewables.org/_funds/electrifi/
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
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1. Focus program activities on marginalized communities in Africa.
2. Invest in Africans and their ideas through participatory development.
3. Ensure projects produce long term social and economic results.
4. Promote African led and managed field project support.
5. Achieve the highest levels of openness and transparency.
6. Support and develop an equal opportunity, results driven staff that rewards hard work,
dedication to the mission, and personal success.
7. Model high effectiveness and low overhead operations.
4.6 Other PPF databases
There are several organisations that have collected known PPFs, initiatives and funding sources in
online databases to facilitate the projects’ process of finding support. As described later in this
report it is Ramboll’s recommendation that Sida collaborates with organisations that already have
such databases. Below are examples of where online PPF databases can be found.
ICA Fund Finder: http://www.icafrica.org/en/fund-finder/the-fund-finder/
UNDP-World Bank Climate Finance Options (CFO) Platform:
http://climatefinanceoptions.org/cfo/funding-sources
African Development Bank Group: http://www.afdb.org/en/topics-and-sectors/initiatives-
partnerships
IRENA – Financial Navigator: https://navigator.irena.org/Pages/popupFN.aspx
RECP Funding Database: http://www.africa-eu-renewables.org/services/funding-database/
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5. GAP ANALYSIS
A Gap analysis has been conducted in order to identify the missing coverage by the identified
PPFs. The purpose of the gap analysis is to see the geographical coverage of the PPFs as well as
identifying countries that are not covered. Furthermore, an analysis of investments sizes
provided by the PPFs has been conducted in order to see potential gaps. The geographical
coverage is based on projects supported by PPFs in countries within the sub-Saharan Africa
region in the recent years.
5.1 Geographical coverage
In order to find the geographical coverage it has been realised that it is not enough to describe
the regions that the PPFs express that they can sponsor. Rather, this analysis is based on the
areas in which the PPFs actually do support projects. Thus, the analysis is based on data from
each PPF that describes what projects they do support and in which countries these projects are
present. The information is retrieved either in the form of brochures or web-based sources.
However, it is important to consider that this analysis is limited to including the projects
described by the PPF in official documents. Thus, there may be projects not covered due to lack
of information from the PPF. Also, the available data on supported projects differ between the
PPFs; some provide complete project lists whereas others only present reference projects. Not all
PPFs provide information on supported projects and therefore the analysis is based on
information from 45 of the 71 identified PPFs. There might thereby be a more extensive coverage
than the analysis shows, albeit the referenced projects could indicate where the PPF has
successful experiences of working.
Figure 5 provides a condensed overview of the PPFs’ geographical coverage. The different colours
represent the number of PPFs that have conducted projects in renewable energy or energy
efficiency in the area. This visualisation also includes an aspect of density, showing which
countries that receive more or less support from PPFs. It is shown that there are many PPFs that
have supported projects in countries such as Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Ghana, Benin and
Senegal. On the other hand there are countries with very few or no PPF supported projects and
where there consequently can be considered to be a gap. These countries are foremost:
− Angola − Comoros − Equatorial Guinea
− Eritrea − Gabon − Gambia − Mauritius − Republic of the Congo − São Tomé and Prìncipe − South Sudan
For a complete list of which PPFs that have supported projects in the different countries, see
Appendix I.
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Figure 5. Visualisation of PPF coverage*
5.2 Size of investments
As described, the PPFs differ in terms of which type of support they give, geographical areas they
support, what type of funding they provide, and the size of the funding support. A gap analysis
mapping the different size of investments and/or funding provided by the PPFs has been
conducted. A categorisation has been done of small, mid and large sized funding. The
categorization is based on the range of funding of investments that the PPFs state that they
support projects with.
Based on this mapping of the identified PPFs it can be concluded that there is no clear gap in
funding across the different ranges. Also, it is seen that the PPFs tend to state a wide range of
their potential size of funding. Further analysis could include looking at the average size of
funding or investment provided; however, due to the lack of data from the PPFs regarding
average funding size it has not been possible to execute such analysis.
Table 2. Size of PPF investment and funding
In terms of what types of funding that is provided within the different ranges it is seen that
funding below 1 million USD tend to be in the form of grants whereas larger investments above
10 million USD tend to be a mixture of equity and debt. For the middle range, a combination of
grants, equity and debt is provided. In terms of gaps, it has been identified that there are few
PPFs that support projects with guarantees. Thus, the gap analysis of the size of the PPF
investments has shown that in terms of the size of funding there are no major gaps but looking
at the type of funding provided there is a lack of guarantees.
* South Sudan is in this map included in Sudan, however there are four PPFs with projects in Sudan and none in South Sudan
PPF funding range (USD)
Support to
projects within
the range
Support projects
only within the
range
< 1 000 000 26 7
1 000 000 - 10 000 000 30 7
> 10 000 000 17 9
Northern Africa
≤1 PPF
2-4 PPFs
5-9 PPFs
≥10 PPFs
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6. SITUATION ANALYSIS
6.1 Best practices according to interviewed PPFs
Both in the literature and in conducted interviews success factors and best practices among PPFs
have been discussed. In the interviews two success factors are stressed: finding the right
projects and local adaptability. Additionally, ICA has identified some aspects of best practice for
PPFs.
Finding the right projects
The key for a PPF to be successful is to find the right projects. The PPFs interviewed describe a
number of factors which have enabled their organisation to succeed. In terms of selecting
projects, such factors include being open to and review a large number of projects, to have a
rigorous yet flexible selection process, local market and context understanding of where the
project operates, and to source a project at a relatively defined cost.
Local adaptability
Some of the interviewees have expressed that the success of a PPF is dependent on the local
marketing and communication efforts. There is a demand in the market for such kind of support;
the complication is that each local region has its own sets of regulations and conditions. Thus,
local adaptability is important for a PPF to succeed.
Best practice
ICA has identified and followed up on best practices when financing project preparation of
infrastructure projects. They have summarised the best practices in the following five points.13
− Clear objectives and a focused strategy
− Self-sustainable financing model
− Excellence in portfolio management − Cost-efficient and value-adding advisory services
− Stringent governance and accountability framework
In the latest study however, ICA has found that very few of existing PPFs manage to follow these
best practices, which may be the explanation as to why there has been an unsatisfying
performance among the PPFs.
6.2 Constraints and hurdles
In the conducted interviews Ramboll has identified a number of constraints and hurdles for PPFs.
Below are some of the key hurdles expressed during the interviews.
Lack of early stage support
Ramboll has through interviews and document studies come to the understanding that there is a
lack of early stage support in terms of project development. There are several dimensions to this
challenge. Firstly, the support is not easily accessible for the support seeking projects. One
reason for this, as one of the interviewees argues, is that the facilities offering support risk
receiving an unmanageable amount of applications. So, by being too known, a PPF might get too
many applications that consume the management team’s resources instead of actually
developing projects.
Secondly, the amount of development support in terms of grant and other financial funding
support is argued not enough to cover the needs of project development. On the other hand, it
has also been expressed during the interviews that there is an excess amount of investors
providing grants and that the problem is a lack of investors with large amount of capital that
contributes with soft loans and bank guarantees. Another interviewee adds to this by describing
13 ICA (2015) Assessment of ”African Infrastructure Project Preparation Facilities – Lessons Learned and Best practices”, Draft report
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that on an overall perspective, a challenge PPFs and other investors face regards that
organisations and investors are more familiar working with providing aid rather than
development. There is a paradigm shift where a different kind of support is provided and it is a
challenge for organisations to adapt to this.
Lack of resources
One of the challenges described during the interviews concern the capacity of the advisory and
consultancy industry in sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, there is an insufficient amount of
consultants to cover the need for advisory services making it a bottle neck. Thus, even though
more and more investments become available there is a lack of consultants who support projects
to become bankable. From an internal perspective of the PPF, some organisations have
expressed the importance of keeping the right competence within the organisation in order to be
able to provide high quality support.
Lack of enabling environment
A challenge for developing renewable energy projects concern legal rights and corruption. For
example, when developing projects legal rights is a vital aspect as well as it is a subject for
corruption. Another hurdle for renewable energy investments in sub-Saharan Africa concerns the
immature stage of the energy market where a lack of insight in consumption and demand
contributes to high uncertainties.
Difficulties matching projects and PPFs
In terms of challenges for PPFs it differs between commercial profit seeking facilities and those
that are non-commercial. For the commercial facilities where the facility invests in large projects
with equity or debt the challenges are two-fold. On the one hand, the PPF has to prove to the
project that their support is necessary for the project’s survival. On the other hand, it is hard for
such PPFs to identify projects that fit the desired scale which limits the market.
Also, the perspective of advisory provider is described as a challenge where some organisations
argue that it is important to provide advisory services to projects that are not necessarily
successful. It is therefore a challenge for a PPF not to only seek successful projects but to have a
wider scope in what type of projects are supported. Ramboll’s view on this is that there is a high
risk that resources are wasted if projects are not sustainable in an economic way. Infrastructure
projects including power generation from renewable energy sources may deteriorate quickly if
they are not properly maintained, which will not be the case if the project is not successful. This
view is also shared with most of the interviewees.
A hurdle for the support seekers is to identify and get in contact with suitable PPFs and also that
the PPFs request better channels to find project. Today much of the support provided is based on
personal relations and there is also a challenge for small actors to meet the different
requirements when applying for funding. One appeal expressed in the interviews, is to compile
information on available projects where investors can observe: type of project, project phases,
project owners etc. One idea would be to launch a project database in parallel to a PPF database.
Project owners would then enter their project ideas and its current status in terms of land,
permits, people, funding etc. into a template in the database. PPFs would then in a quick way be
able to seek projects.
6.3 On-going improvements and requested support from Sida
Related to the constraints and hurdles the PPFs express a number of on-going or desired
improvements, some of which they are managing themselves and some for which they view Sida
as a potential enabling partner.
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One key area of improvement, which the PPFs to a large extent can manage themselves, includes
a simplification of the application process for gaining project development support. This also
concerns the projects’ reporting to the PPF which in many cases can be simplified.
In order for projects’ success to extend after the project preparation it is suggested that PPFs
improve their collaboration with banks. The PPFs could work together with the bank sector for
each project where the banks can be involved and gain in-depth insight into the business and
thereby realising the value of the project.
Another aspect, stronger related to requested support from Sida, is managing high risk
investments. One aspect of a challenge that emerged during the interviews concern that the need
for support when developing projects is rather equal regardless of the size of the project. From a
commercial point of view with a need to invest in scalable and typically larger projects it is
common that larger projects receive project preparation support. However, the interviewees
recommended Sida to take the role of investing in project preparation support for smaller
projects. The type of projects concerned are where the development costs are not covered by the
projects’ returns, thus these are not as attractive as larger projects from an investor point of
view.
Similarly Sida could provide financing support in terms of providing collateral to banks in addition
to providing grants. This is described as an area where many project developers struggle as
banks may have difficulties in seeing the value of the project’s assets. Furthermore there is a
potential role for Sida in increasing funding provided in terms of governmental guarantees.
One of Sida’s key values is expressed to be the local presence and competence. This aspect
should be fully utilised in terms of providing support in the manner of project facilitation. One of
the interviewees suggests that Sida can play an important role by engaging embassies in the
local markets to help PPFs and projects to develop through its networks. This is related to the
need for collaboration in order to ensure that the projects are developed and find sustainable
business models and modes of financing. In order for this, it has been expressed during the
interviews that collaboration between private sector and public organisations and regulators is
essential.
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7. CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR PPFS
Ramboll has identified a number of critical success factors that can make PPFs more or less
successful in moving projects from ideas to bankable projects.
The basis for a successful PPF is to view the projects to be prepared in the same way as any
commercial investment opportunity where you would put your own money and expect some sort
of return on investment. Successful Venture Capital (VC) funds focus on a specific sector where
they have a deep knowledge, experience and understanding. Already when providing seed
funding they have a view on how to attract additional investors and are often ready to participate
in the next round of financing in order to show confidence in the project. They asses risks and
document how risks can be mitigated. This includes financial risks, technical, market,
environmental, political, lack of competence, supply chain and all other risks that may delay the
project or affect the budget. It also includes moving a project through a staged process with a
number of milestones that have to be passed, often labelled toll gates. A Venture Capital Fund
will have a portfolio of different projects since they know that only a part of the projects will
actually be successful. When applying this philosophy of VC firms to PPFs the criteria described
below are critical.
Figure 6. Overview of critical success factors
Professional Management
The PPF should be managed by a professional team with experience in the relevant sector. This
means a team of professionals with experience in project development of renewable energy
solutions in the sub-Saharan markets. The team should set up routines for evaluating project
potential including CAPEX and OPEX, long term market potential and revenues. Their internal
processes should follow a staged approach with milestones meaning that some potential projects
will be stopped during the project preparation, a process similar to the credit approval process of
a commercial bank.
The professional management includes a clear mandate to the PPF managers to take
responsibility for which projects to support and to avoid bureaucratic procedures and decision
making processes.
Bankable projects Professional
Management
Focus
Sustainable financing
model with return on
investment
Large funds with
economies of scale
Local knowledge
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Focus
Most PPFs are broad in their approach to support infrastructure projects in Africa and Asia. This is
however an extremely diverse approach. According to the PPF-managers that have been
interviewed it is important to have a sector focus on for instance Renewable Energy as well as a
geographical focus on a smaller number of countries. To succeed in developing a project from an
idea through financial close into a profitable company requires local knowledge, often political
acceptance and contacts with the local business environment. Such knowledge cannot be built in
too many countries in parallel.
Sustainable financing model – Return on Investment
Funds that have requirements on returns on investment are perceived as more successful in
moving projects to financing than funds that just supply grants. A reason is that the managers
taking decisions on which project to support will be much more critical in the evaluation and
support projects with a higher probability of success and limited risks of failure. The way that the
invested capital is returned can vary with a number of instruments available including debt,
convertible loans, equity, guarantees or a blend of different instruments.
With a requirement to have a return on investment the PPF and its team of professionals will
have a higher continuity and the profits will be re-invested in new projects and the PPF will
continue on its own merits. To build a professional team with a high rate of success takes several
years and the longer experience the better performance. With programs that only provide grants
there is a dependency of continuous support from donors and as funds are disbursed the
program ends.
SCAF who only supports projects that are backed by Private Equity firms has an operating model
which is expected to take 70% of the supported projects to financial close. SCAF leaves the due
diligence and evaluation of the projects to the responsibility of the PE-firms. In SCAF’s operating
model it is also a prerequisite that business plans and other assistance provided by the PE-firm or
its advisors are left with the project, even if the PE-firm pulls out of the deal.
Large funds – Economies of scale
The larger the fund the smaller the management fee will be and the easier it is to have a highly
experienced team of experts engaged. A large fund will also have the capability to provide
additional support or funding in order to push a viable project into financial close. Large fund will
also have a portfolio of projects in different phases, with varying potential to become profitable
entities.
Local knowledge
Understanding of the local and national context is important in succeeding with project
development. This includes understanding national regulatory and legal systems, having an
acceptance from the political agencies but also an understanding of the business climate in the
specific country. As Sida is well aware of the countries of sub-Saharan Africa differ a lot in
between each other, and to succeed in developing projects the national environment must be
known.
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8. RECOMMENDATIONS TO SIDA
Sida has in its mission within the Power Africa initiative very clear goals in working with poverty
reduction and to support sustainable projects within Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency.
There is a high demand for PPFs and as mentioned earlier the available funds are not sufficient to
give the necessary support to the needed infrastructure projects on the African continent. So
Ramboll recommends Sida to continue to support existing PPFs, but that this support is focused
on the funds with the potential to actually choose the right projects and make them bankable,
which is not easy. Success in supporting PPFs can only be measured in the number of projects
that are moved from idea to financial close.
Table 3. Overview of Ramboll's recommendations to Sida
Recommendation Description
1. PPF support Support existing PPFs with a high hit rate that live up to
the critical success factors
2. The PPF database
Assure continuity in maintaining the database in the
future by integrating it in the ICA database that already
exists
3. Project database Create a database to provide both investors and PPFs
with an overview of potential projects to support
PPF support
It is recommended to support PPFs with a high hit rate that fulfils the Critical Success Factors
mentioned in the previous chapter. It is also recommended to stop supporting smaller PPFs
without the local knowledge, size or professional management that is required. Smaller projects
may still be reached by supporting organisations like USADF that even though they provide
grants, have a sustainable and long term model that assures continuity.
Ramboll was asked to provide a gap analysis to Sida to evaluate whether there are any types of
projects or countries that do not get adequate support in terms of project preparation within
renewable energy or energy efficiency. Based on the huge number of existing PPFs and the
number of countries that are already covered the recommendation to Sida is to channel its funds
through the best performing PPFs rather than new PPFs. Ramboll sees no need for additional PPFs
but rather that the existing improve their performance.
The PPF Database
The need for PPFs is unquestionable and new PPFs will emerge to help support projects in
reaching financial close. The number of organizations in the Western World that are willing to
help in supporting infrastructure projects in Africa is enormous. Many of them will help with both
expertise and funding in order to move projects to financial close.
In order to get an overview of all funds that Ramboll have identified and to assure continuity in
maintaining a database in the future, Ramboll recommends that this database is integrated in the
ICA database that already exists. The database should be presented as an opportunity for PPF-
managers to promote their funds and thereby provide information to ICA. When building the
extended ICA database all PPFs must verify and update the information on a regular basis.
When Sida gets requests to support projects in reaching financial close one can point to the ICA
database.
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Project Database
Ramboll also recommends that a database is created to provide both investors and PPFs with an
overview of potential projects to support. There must be some sort of quality assurance in
allowing projects to be posted in the database to avoid unserious fortune seekers to access
money. In the database it should be clear where the project stands in terms of available business
plan, economic potential, required investments, overall time plan, access to land, required
permits as well as obtained permits as well as information about the project owners.
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APPENDIX I – GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE OF PPF
SUPPORTED PROJECTS
Country PPFs that have supported projects in the country**
Angola ESMAP
Benin CP-EU EF
Camco
CTI-PFAN
ESMAP
EU-AITF
GEF
ICF-DP
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Powering Agriculture
REEEP
Botswana CTI-PFAN
EEP
F&C
NEPAD IPPF
Burkina Faso ACP-EU EF
CDKN
ESMAP
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
REEEP
Burundi ACP-EU EF
EEP
ESMAP
EU-AITF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Cameroon ACF
ACP-EU EF
CDKN
DEG
ESMAP
EU-AITF
GEF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Cape Verde CTI-PFAN
InfraCo Africa
Central African Republic ACP-EU EF
ESMAP
Chad ACP-EU EF
GEF
Comoros ACP-EU EF
Democratic Republic of the
Congo
ACP-EU EF
AFD DBSA PPFS
CTI-PFAN
ESMAP
EU-AITF
* The geographical coverage is based on ~30 identified PPFs that provide project lists or reference projects
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GPOBA
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Djibouti ESMAP
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Equatorial Guinea GEF
Eritrea ACP-EU EF
Ethiopia ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
DEG
ESMAP
EU-AITF
GEF
ICF-DP
PAEGC
REEEP
SREP
USADF
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana ACP-EU EF
CDFF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
DEG
EAIF
ESMAP
EU-AITF
ICF-DP
InfraCo Africa
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
PEC
Powering Agriculture
PPIAF
REEEP
USADF
USTDA
Guinea ESMAP
EU-AITF
PPIAF
Guinea-Bissau ACP-EU EF
CTI-PFAN
ESMAP
GEF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
REEEP
Ivory Coast ACP-EU EF
DEG
EAIF
EU-AITF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
PPIAF
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REEEP
Kenya ACP-EU EF
Camco
CDFF
CDKN
CIC
CTI-PFAN
DEG
DI Frontier Investment
EAIF
EEP
ESMAP
EU-AITF
F&C
GEF
GPOBA
GVEP
ICF-DP
IFC InfraVentures
KAM RTAP Phase II - SUNREF
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Powering Agriculture
PPIAF
REEEP
SREP
USADF
Lesotho ACP-EU EF
CTI-PFAN
EEP
ESMAP
GEF
REEEP
Liberia ACP-EU EF
CTI-PFAN
ESMAP
EU-AITF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
PPIAF
USADF
Madagascar ACP-EU EF
ESMAP
GEF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Malawi ACP-EU EF
CDKN
ESMAP
GEF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Mali ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
ESMAP
IFC InfraVentures
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IRENA/ADFD Project Facility
OFID Energy Poverty Program
REEEP
SREP
Mauritania ACP-EU EF
EU-AITF
IRENA/ADFD Project Facility
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Mauritius ESMAP
Mozambique ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
EEP
ESMAP
F&C
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Powering Agriculture
REEEP
Namibia CDKN
CTI-PFAN
EEP
EU-AITF
F&C
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
REEEP
Niger ACP-EU EF
ESMAP
EU-AITF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
REEEP
Nigeria ACEF
ACF
CDFF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
DEG
EAIF
ESMAP
GEF
GuarantCo
IFC InfraVentures
InfraCo Africa
Powering Agriculture
PEC
USADF
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
EAIF
EEP
ESMAP
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EU-AITF
FMO Entrepreneurial Development Bank
GVEP
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Powering Agriculture
São Tomé and Prìncipe
Senegal ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
EAIF
ESMAP
EU-AITF
GVEP
IFC InfraVentures
PPIAF
REEEP
Seychelles EEP
ESMAP
Sierra Leone ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
EAIF
ESMAP
EU-AITF
GEF
ICF-DP
IRENA/ADFD Project Facility
PPIAF
Somalia ACP-EU EF
CTI-PFAN
South Africa Camco
CDKN
CIF-CTF
CTI-PFAN
DEG
EAV
EEP
ESMAP
Evolution One Fund
F&C
GCPF
GEEF
GEF
ICF-DP
LMSC
REEEP
SCAF
South Sudan
Sudan CTI-PFAN
ESMAP
GEF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Swaziland EEP
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CTI-PFAN
Tanzania ACP-EU EF
ACEF
AECF REACT
Camco
CTI-PFAN
DI Frontier Investment
EEP
ESMAP
EU-AITF
GEF
GuarantCo
GVEP
KAM RTAP Phase II-SUNREF
LFI
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
Powering Agriculture
PEC
PPIAF
REF
REEEP
SCAF
USADF
Togo ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
DEG
ESMAP
EU-AITF
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
PEC
REEEP
Uganda ACF
ACP-EU EF
Camco
CDFF
CTI-PFAN
DEG
DI Frontier Investment
EAIF
EEP
ESMAP
EU-AITF
F&C
Get FiT
GuarantCo
InfraCo Africa
KAM RTAP Phase II-SUNREF
LFI
LMSC
Powering Agriculture
PEC
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PPIAF
REEEP
Zambia ACP-EU EF
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
EEP
ESMAP
EU-AITF
F&C
FMO Entrepreneurial Development Bank
NEPAD IPPF
Powering Agriculture
Zimbabwe ACP-EU EF
AECF REACT
CDKN
CTI-PFAN
ESMAP
NEPAD IPPF
OFID Energy Poverty Program
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APPENDIX II – SUMMARY OF PROJECT PREPARATION FACILITIES DATABASE
Summary of Project Preparation Facilities Database
Abbreviation Title Host organisation Contributors / donors / funders Funding
bracket min
USD
Funding
bracket
max USD
Type of
finance
provided
Supported
energy
types
Target countries
1 ACEF Africa Clean Energy Finance
initiative
OPIC, the U.S. Trade and
Development Agency and
the U.S. Department of
State
OPIC, the U.S. Trade and Development Agency and
the U.S. Department of State
n.a. n.a. Debt,
guaranteees
RES Algeria, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Kenya, Nigeria, Angola, Ivory Coast,
Lesotho, Rwanda, Benin Djibouti Liberia
Sao Tome and Principe , Botswana,
Egypt, Madagascar, Senegal, Burkina
Faso, Equatorial Guinea, Malawi, Sierra
Leone, Burundi, Eritrea, Mali, South
Africa, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Mauritania,
Swaziland, Cape Verde, Gabon,
Mauritius, Tanzania, Central African
Republic, Gambia, Togo, Chad, Ghana,
Mozambique, Comoros Islands, Guinea,
Namibia, Uganda, Congo, Guinea-Bissau,
Niger, Zambia
2 ACF Access Infra Africa – Access Co-
Development Fund
n.a. EREN Developpement, Access Power MEA n.a. n.a. Equity RES Africa
3 ACP-EC EF II African, Caribbean and Pacific -
European Commission Energy
Facility II
European Commission EU Member States 200 000 2 500 000 Grant RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo-
Brazzaville, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic
Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Somalia, South Africa, Sudan,
Swaziland, Sao Tome and Principe ,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
4 AECF REACT Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund Alliance for a Green
Revolution in Africa (AGRA)
/ KPMG International
Development Advisory
Services (KPMG IDAS)
governments of Australia, Denmark, Netherlands,
Sweden and the United Kingdom, as well as the
International Fund for Agricultural Development
(IFAD)
n.a. 1 500 000 Grants,
interest free
loans
RES Burundi, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique,
Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Angola
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5 AFD DBSA PPFS AFD DBSA Project Preparation and
Feasibility Study
Development Bank of
Southern Africa
AFD - Agence Française de Dèveloppement
DBSA - Development Bank of Southern Africa
500 000 500 000 n.a. RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo-
Brazzaville, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic
Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan,
Swaziland, Sao Tome and Principe ,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
6 Africa50 Africa50 Investment Bank for
Infrastructure in Africa
n.a. AfDB n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Africa
7 AREF Africa Renewable Energy Fund Berkley Energy SEFA, AfDB, GEEREF 10 000 000 30 000 000 Equity, Grant RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan,
Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
8 Ariya Capital Sub-
Saharan Africa
Cleantech Fund
Ariya Capital Sub-Saharan Africa
Cleantech Fund
n.a. n.a. 3 000 000 10 000 000 Equity RES Southern Africa
9 Camco Camco n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. RES - Solar Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
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10 CDFF Climate Development and Finance
Facility / Climate Investor One
n.a. The Netherlands, UK, the Netherlands Development
Finance Company (FMO)
80 000 000 100 000 000 Equity, non-
repayable
donor
contributions
RES Africa
11 CDKN Climate & Development Knowledge
Network
PricewaterhouseCoopers
LLP (PwC), Fundación
Futuro Latinoamericano, the
Overseas Development
Institute, SouthSouthNorth,
and LEAD Pakistan
the UK Department for International Development
(DfID) and the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs
(DGIS)
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania,
Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia,
Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa,
Namibia, Angola, Democratic Republic of
the Congo, Cameroon, Nigeria, Benin,
Togo, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Sierra
Leone, Senegal, Mali, Chad,
12 Charge Charge World Resource Institute World Resource Institute n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Sub-Saharan Africa
13 CIC Kenya Climate Innovation Centre infoDev (World Bank) United Kingdom’s UKaid and the Danish Ministry of
Foreign Affairs
50 000 750 000 Grants,
repayable
loans
RES Kenya
14 CIF-CTF The Climate Investment Funds
Clean Technology Fund
The Climate Investment
Funds (CIF)
UK, US, Japan, Germany, Canada, France, Norway,
Australia, Sweden, Spain, Netherlands, Denmark,
Switzerland, Korea
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Nigeria, South Africa
15 Clean Start
Programme
UNCDF – Clean Start Programme UN Capital Development
Fund (UNCDF)
ADC, Norad, Liechtenstein, Sida, UNCDF n.a. n.a. Grants, other RES Uganda, Ethiopia, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Tanzania, Cameroon,
Senegal, Burkina Faso
16 CTI-PFAN Climate Technology Initiative-
Private Financing Advisory
Network
Climate Technology
Initiative and the United
Nations Framework
Convention on Climate
Change
CTI and other funding partners including USAID, the
Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Partnership
(REEEP), the Energy and Climate Partnership of the
Americas (ECPA), International Development
Research Centre (IDRC), and the International
Center for Environmental Technology Transfer
(ICETT)
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES,
Energy
Efficiency
East, West and Southern Africa
17 DBSA EIB PDSF DBSA EIB Project Development
and Support Facility
Development Bank of
Southern Africa
DBSA - Development Bank of Southern Africa
EIB - European Investment Bank
625 000 625 000 Grant RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Comoros,
Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya,
Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi,
Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia,
Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, South
Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
18 DBSADF DBSA Development Fund Development Bank of
Southern Africa
DBSA and South African Department of Treasury n.a. n.a. Grant RES South Africa
19 DEG The German Development Finance
Institutions
n.a. Federal Government of Germany 10 000 000 30 000 000 Equity, Debt RES South Africa, Kenya and Ghana,
Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Nigeria,
Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia and
Mozambique. Selective projects in other
Sub Saharan countries.
20 DemoMiljö III DemoMiljö Tillväxtverket Sida n.a. 1 800 000 SEKGrant RES Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Kenya
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
Page | 34
21 DevCo Infrastructure Development
Collaboration Partnership Fund
IFC’s Public Private
Partnerships Transactions
Advisory Services
Department
IFC, DFID, Dutch Ministry for Foreign Affairs (DGIS),
Sida, Austrian Development Agency (ADA)
1 000 000 1 000 000 Grant RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Côte
d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
Sudan, Swaziland, Sao Tome and
Principe , Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
22 DI Frontier
Investment
DI Frontier Investment Danish based investment
fund
SCAF, EU 3 000 000 10 000 000 Equity
Mezzanine
capital,
Short term
debt
financing
RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
23 EAIF Emerging Africa Infrastructure
Fund
Network/partners: PIDG
Group, European DFIs
Governments (UK, NL, Swiss), KfW, FMO, SBSA,
Standard Charter, PIDG (Equity investor)
30 000 000 50 000 000 Debt RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
24 EAV Energy Access Ventures Network/partner: Schneider
Electric, AFD, Berkeley
Energy
Schneider Electric in partnership with, CDC Group,
FISEA Ð PROPARCO, OFID, and AFD- FFEM
500 000 4 000 000 Equity, Debt RES - Solar Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi,
Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania,
Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
Page | 35
25 EEDF EU-EDFI Private Sector
Development Facility
the European Financing
Partners (EFP) and the
Interact Climate Change
Facility (ICCF)
the European Financing Partners (EFP) and the
Interact Climate Change Facility (ICCF)
n.a. 43 200 000 EURGrants,
Guarantees
RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Sub-Saharan Africa
26 EEP Energy and Environment
Partnership South & East Africa
n.a. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland (lead donor),
The Austrian Development Agency (ADA) and
the UK DFID
100 000 1 000 000 Grant RES - Solar
(both PV and
thermal),
RES -
Biomass,
Waste-to-
energy,
Energy
Efficiency
Botswana, Burundi, Kenya, Lesotho,
Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda,
Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia
27 ElectriFI Electrification Finance Initiative EIB, EC, SE4All European Commission, and European DFIs as anchor
investors - the fund will be open to additional
investors
1 000 000 EUR10 000 000 EURConvertible
Grants,
Equity, Debt
RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
28 ESMAP The Energy Sector Management
Assistance Program
World Bank World Bank n.a. n.a. Grant RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Sub-Saharan Africa
29 EU-AITF EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust
Fund
European Investment Bank European Commission, Austria, Belgium, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
280 000 33 600 000 Grant RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cap Verge, Central
Africa Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo
(Brazzaville), Congo (Democratic
Republic), Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-
Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia.
Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sudan,
Swaziland, São Tome and Príncipe,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
Page | 36
30 Evolution One
Fund
Evolution One Fund Inspired Evolution
Investment
CYANE HOLDINGS LTD, QUANTUM POWER, GEEREF,
IFC, FINNFUND, SIFEM, NORFUND, AfDB, IDC, SCAF
(investors of fund)
10 000 000 20 000 000 Equity, Quasi
Equity
RES Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Ethiopia,
Tanzania, Uganda, Namibia, Botswana,
South Africa (30% exposure),
Mozambique, The Gambia
31 Finance and
Competence
Finance and Competence n.a. Programs n.a. n.a. Grants,
equity, debt
RES South, West and East Africa
32 FIRST Facility for Investment in
Renewable Small Transactions
n.a. KfW, DBSA n.a. n.a. Grants, non-
interest
bearing loans
RES South Africa
33 GAP Green Africa Power PIDG Group PIDG, UK Departments for International Development
(DFID) and Energy and Climate Change (DECC),
Norwe.g.ian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
5 000 000 GBP5 000 000 GBPDebt
Mezzanine
RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
34 GCPF Global Climate Partnership Fund n.a. the Dutch development bank FMO, UK, Development
Bank of Austria, responsAbility, International Finance
Corporation (IFC), Denmark, KfW, Germany
5 000 000 20 000 000 senior debt,
mezzanine
instruments,
equity
RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Sub-Saharan Africa
35 GEEF Green Energy Efficiency Fund n.a. The Industrial Development Corporation (IDC), the
German
Development Bank (KfW)
1 000 000 Rand50 000 000 RandDebt RES,
Energy
Efficiency
South Africa
36 GEEREF Global Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy Fund
n.a. EU n.a. n.a. Equity RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Djibouti,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Indonesia,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe,
Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South
Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
Page | 37
37 GEF Global Environment Facility n.a. Asian Development Bank (ADB), African Development
Bank (AFDB), Development Bank of Latin America
(CAF), Conservation International (CI), Development
Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA), European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), Foreign
Economic Cooperation Office - Ministry of
Environmental Protection of China (FECO), Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
(FAO), Fundo Brasileiro para a Biodiversidade
(FUNBIO), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB),
International Fund for Agricultural Development
(IFAD), International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN), United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP), United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP), United Nations Industrial
Development Organization (UNIDO), West African
Development Bank (BOAD), World Bank Group (WBG),
World Wildlife Fund U.S. (WWF)
n.a. n.a. Grants RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Sub-Saharan Africa
38 Get FiT Global Energy Transfer – Feed-in
Tariffs for developing countries
Deutsche Bank Deutsche Bank, KfW, Norway, DECC, DfID, EU AITF,
Germany, World Bank
n.a. n.a. Grant,
equity, debt
RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
39 GIF Global Innovation Fund n.a. the Department of International Development in the
UK, the United States Agency for International
Development, the Omidyar Network, the Swedish
International Development Cooperation Agency and
the Department for Foreign Affairs and Trade in
Australia
50 000 15 000 000 Grants,
equity, debt
n.a. Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
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40 GPOBA Global Partnership on Output-
Based Aid (GPOBA)
World Bank Established by UK Department for International
Development and the World Bank. Its other donors
are the IFC, the Netherlands (DGIS), Australia
(AusAID), and Sweden (Sida).
25 000 500 000 Grant RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Côte
d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,
Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Somalia, South Africa, Sudan,
Swaziland, Sao Tome and Principe ,
Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
41 GuarantCo GuarantCo PIDG Group Governments (UK, NL, Swiss) KfW, FMO, SBSA,
Standard Charter
10 000 000 40 000 000 Guarantee RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
42 GVEP Global Village Energy Partnership n.a. Barclays, DFID, DGIS, EU, Garfield Weston
Foundation, IDB, OFID, Sida, USAID, Vitol
Foundation, World Bank, EEP Africa, Rotary Club, UN
Foundation, ENERGIA
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
Page | 39
43 ICF-DP Infrastructure Crisis Facility –
Debt Pool
Cordiant, Facility of PIDG The German development bank KfW, AFD, AfDB,
AsDB, BNDES, CAF, Cofide, De.g., EAIF, EBRD, EIB,
FMO,
Guarantco, IADB, IIC, IFC, IsDB, Proparco
25 000 000 55 000 000 Debt RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon,
Cape Verde, Comoros, Cote D'Ivoire,
Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Mali,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
Sudan, Swaziland, Togo, Uganda,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
44 IFC InfraVentures The IFC Global Infrastructure
Project Development Fund
World Bank World Bank n.a. 8 000 000 Risk capital RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
45 IISS International Infrastructure
Support System
n.a. African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank,
O Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e
Social, Development Bank of Southern Africa,
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development,
Inter-American Development Bank, World Bank Group
n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Sub-Saharan Africa
46 InfraCo Africa InfraCo Africa Facility of PIDG n.a. 1 000 000 3 000 000 Grant RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
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47 IRENA/ADFD IRENA/ADFD Project Facility n.a. Abu Dhabi Fund for Development 5 000 000 15 000 000 Debt RES Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon,
Cape Verde, Comoros, Cote D'Ivoire,
Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Mali,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
Sudan, Swaziland, Togo, Uganda,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
48 KAM RTAP Phase
II - SUNREF
Kenya Association of
Manufacturers – Regional
Technical Assistance Programme
for Financing Renewable Energy
and Energy Efficiency
n.a. Agence Française de Développement (AFD), the
European Union Infrastructure Trust Fund (ITF)
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Kenya
49 LFI UNCDF – Local Finance Initiative UN Capital Development
Fund (UNCDF), the Global
Clearinghouse for
Development
Finance (GlobalDF)
the Swiss Agency for Cooperation and Development
(SDC), Sida, UNCDF, UN, Government of Tanzania
PMO-RALG
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Tanzania, Uganda
50 LMSC Lereko Metier Sustainable Capital
fund
Network/partner: Seed
Capital Assistance Facility
(SCAF) led by UNEP.
CTI-PFAN
IFC, Lereko, FMO, De.g., South Africa PIC (investors
of fund)
10 000 000 50 000 000 Equity RES Southern Africa
51 NEPAD IPPF NEPAD Infrastructure Project
Preparation Facility
African Development Bank
(ADB)
Canada (CIDA), Denmark, Germany, Spain, United
Kingdom (DFID)
20 000 10 000 000 Grant RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Côte
d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Sao
Tome and Principe , Tanzania, Togo,
Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
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52 OFID – Energy
Poverty Program
OFID – Energy Poverty Program n.a. OPEC
Se4all
100 000 2 000 000 Grant RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-
Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho,
Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Republic of the Congo,
Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan,
Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
53 Open Capital Open Capital n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
54 PAIDF Pan African Infrastructure
Development Fund
The African Development
Bank
The African Development Bank 25 000 000 120 000 000 Private
equity
RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
55 PEC Persistent Energy Capital n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Equity RES Sub-Saharan Africa
Analysis of renewable energy project preparation facilities in sub-Saharan africa
Page | 42
56 PIDG TAF PIDG Technical Assistance Facility Private Infrastructure
Development Group (PIDG),
London
Bi-lateral development agencies (e.g. DFID, DGIS,
USAID etc.), Multilateral development agencies (e.g.
European Commission), Bi-lateral financial
institutions (e.g. KfW, AfD), Development Finance
Institution (DFI) - e.g. IFC, FMO, Proparco etc.,
Multilateral Development Bank (MDB) - e.g. IBRD,
AfDB, Trust funds housed at MDBs, DFIs etc.
20 000 1 000 000 Grant RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Côte
d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Sao
Tome and Principe , Tanzania, Togo,
Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
57 Powering
Agriculture
Powering Agriculture: An energy
grand challenge for development
n.a. the United States Agency for International
Development, the Government of Sweden, Duke
Energy Corporation, the Government of Germany,
and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation
500 000 2 000 000 Grants RES Sub-Saharan Africa
58 PPIAF Public Private Infrastructure
Advisory Facility
World Bank Established by UK Department for International
Development, the government of Japan, and the
World Bank . Its other donors include various
multilateral and bilateral donors: Asian Development
Bank, Australia, Austria, European Bank of
Reconstruction and Development, France, Germany,
International Finance Corporation (IFC), Italy,
Japan, Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC),
Netherlands (DGIS), Sweden (SIDA), Switzerland
(SECO), United States (USAID), and the World Bank
25 000 500 000 Grant RES,
Transmission
/distribution
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Côte
d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Sao
Tome and Principe , Tanzania, Togo,
Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
59 Progeny
Development
Finance
Progeny Development Finance Harith Partners
(Proprietary) limited
n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Sub-Saharan Africa
60 RECP Renewable Energy Cooperation
Programme
the Africa-EU Energy
Partnership (AEEP)
The EU Energy Initiative Partnership Dialogue Facility
(EUEI PDF), currently funded by Austria, the
European Commission, Finland, France, Germany, the
Netherlands and Sweden.
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Ivory Coast, Kenya, Nigeria, Zambia,
Mozambique, Rwanda
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61 REEEP The Renewable Energy and Energy
Efficiency Partnership
n.a. Austria, Climate and Development Knowledge
Network (CDKN), Germany, GIZ - Deutsche
Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit,
Norway, OPEC Fund for International Development
(OFID), Switzerland, United Kingdom
n.a. 250 000 EUR Grant RES,
Energy
Efficiency
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
62 REF Rural Energy Fund Rural Energy Agency (REA),
Ministry of Energy and
Minerals of the United
Republic of Tanzania
Tanzania Investment Bank – TIB n.a. n.a. Grants RES Tanzania
63 REPP Renewable Energy Performance
Platform
European Investment Bank,
FS-UNEP Collaborating
Center
Norad (Norwe.g.ian Agency for Development
Cooperation)
1 000 000 20 000 000 Grant RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
64 ResponsAbility
Innovative
Investment Fund
ResponsAbility Innovative
Investment Fund
n.a. ACA (African Cashew Alliance), ANDE (Aspen
Network of Development Entrepreneurs), CMEF
(Financial Inclusion Equity Council), EMPEA
(Emerging Markets Private Equity Association), E-
MFP (European Microfinance Platform), Eurosif
(European Sustainable Investment Forum), FAST
(Finance Alliance for Sustainable Trade), FNG (Forum
für Nachhaltige Geldanlage), GIIN (Global Impact
Investing Network), LuxFLAG (Luxembourg Fund
Labelling Agency), MFC (Microfinance Centre),
Sanabel, SFG (Sustainable Finance Geneva), SSF
(Swiss Sustainable Finance), The Smart Campaign,
CSAF (Council of Smallholder Agricultural Finance),
UNPRI, UNPRI PIIF (Prinicples for Investors in
Inclusive Finance)
500 000 3 000 000 Equity, debt RES Sub-Saharan Africa
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65 SADC PPDF Southern Africa Development
Community Project Preparation
and Development Facility
n.a. Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) 250 000 n.a. Grant RES Southern Africa
66 SCAF Seed Capital Assistance Facility n.a. United Nations Environment Programme, the Asian
Development Bank and the African Development
Bank
200 000 2 500 000 Equity RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
67 SEFA Sustainable Energy Fund for Africa Network/partner: AfDB,
European DFIs, SE4ALL
Initiative
AfDB, Danish Government, Unites States 1 000 000 3 000 000 Grant, Equity RES Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
68 Solar for All Fund Solar For All Fund Bamboo Finance, Ashoka,
Bamboo Finance, and the
Canopus Foundation
EIB, Artemesia, Avina, and the elea, Lemelson,
Frey, Deutsche Bank of the Americas
Foundations
500 000 4 000 000 Equity RES - Solar
PV
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
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69 SREP CIF – Scaling Up Renewable
Energy in Low Income Countries
Program
the Strategic Climate Fund
(SCF), one of the two
Climate Investment Funds
(CIF)
UK, US, Japan, Germany, Canada, France, Norway,
Australia, Sweden, Spain, Netherlands, Denmark,
Switzerland, Korea
n.a. n.a. n.a. RES Benin Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Lesotho
Madagascar Liberia Sierra Leone Malawi
Tanzania Mali Rwanda Uganda Zambia
70 USADF The United States African
Development Foundation
US US n.a. 250 000 Grants RES Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi,
Cape Verde, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria,
Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
71 USTDA United States Trade and
Development Agency
US US 350 000 1 500 000 Grants RES Sub-Saharan Africa