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PROJECT REPORT

ON

MODELLING OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

(DONE IN REVI T ARCHI TECTURE)

SUBMITTED BY

ANAND.M.NAIR

GUIDED BY

Mr.ANAND.A.DASCustomer Care Engineer (Civil),

CADD CENTRE,

Vanross Jn,

Thiruvananthapuram.

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

Vanross Jn.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project report entitled MODELING OF A

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING is a complete record of the work done by

ANAND.M.NAIR for the requirement for the award of MASTER

DIPLOMA in Building Design during the year 2013 from CADDCENTRE, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM.

Guided by:

Mr ARUN D.

Technical Leader

CADD Centre

Vanross Jn.

Trivandrum

Mr.ANAND.A.DAS

Customer Care Engg (Civil)

CADD Centre

Vanross Jn.

Trivandrum

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all I wish to thank the CADD CENTREThiruvananthapuram, having given

me the opportunity and facilities to pursue the project and present the report.

I take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to all those concerned for

their valuable suggestions and guidance, especially

Mr.ANAND.A.DAS, Customer Care Engineer (Civil) of CADD CENTREfor the technical information imparted by him is gratefully acknowledged.

I also use this opportunity to express my heartfelt thanks to Mr ARUN D., Technical

Leaderof CADD CENTREfor the encouragement provided by him to make this project a

success.

I accord myself the privilege of thanking all other members of CADD CENTREwho were

directly and indirectly connected to this project.

ANAND.M.NAIR

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HISTORY OF REVIT

Individuals from Charles River Software started the development of

Revit in year in1997.In 2000 the company was renamed Revit Technology Corporation and

on April 5, 2000 in Cambridge, MA the first version of Revit (1.0)

was released. First offered as a software lease, Revit was the first

parametric building modeler specifically designed for the AEC

industry. Its technology offered the model concept with an easy-to-

use platform designed to enable architects, engineers and contractors

life-cycle planning for building projects. Revit's intelligent design

environment encouraged design revisions because there was real-timesynchronization of the documentation.

On February 21, 2002, Autodesk announced plans to acquire Revit

Technology Corporation. The acquisition meant more research,

development and improvement of the software.

Since purchasing Revit, Autodesk has developed three versions of

Revit for the varying building design disciplines:

REVIT ARCHITECTURE,for architects and building designers

(formerly Revit Building).

REVIT STRUCTURE,for structural engineers.

REVIT MEP,for mechanical, electrical and plumbing engineers

(formerly Revit Systems).

Revit is intended to be a major component inBuilding Information

Modeling.A main function of Revit is to eliminate redundancies such

as having multiple models across industries. Currently, architects,

consultants, general contractors, and manufacturers all create their

own models and databases from information handed down in a chain

of command. BIM intends to replace this approach with a more

centralized one. Revit models created in different disciplines

(Architectural, Structural, and Mechanical) can be linked and/or

combined into one model. This allows a single model and associated

database to be kept, ensuring that all parties have the latest

information and that there are no errors in translation. Revit also

utilizes its rendering engine to remove the interpretation from

http://autodesk.com/revitarchitecturehttp://autodesk.com/revitstructurehttp://autodesk.com/revitmephttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://autodesk.com/revitmephttp://autodesk.com/revitstructurehttp://autodesk.com/revitarchitecture

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complex geometries, allowing more intricate designs to be made and

understood.

Revit uses the term 'family' to describe a discrete definition of a part

of the building model. There are many Categories of Families, but

three main types: System, Component and In-Place Families.A hierarchical system is used, where a Family tells Revit how to make

something, a Type (of a Family) forces certain parameters to be

applied, and an Element (or Instance) (of a Type) is the actual part of

the building model.

UNDERSTANDING REVIT PARAMETRIC

ELEMENTSEvery element in Revit is considered afamily, and each family

belongs to a category.

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Figure : Essential categorization of Revit elements

Revit uses a classification system to organize all the families in the

model. This system of organization is based specifically on the AECindustry and is set up to help manage relationships between classes of

elements as well as the graphical representation for each class.

MODEL CATEGORIESModel Object categoriesthe first tab in the Object Styles dialog

boxinclude all the real world types of objects typically found in

buildings. These object categories include elements such as walls,

floors, roofs, and furniture, along with other categories that makesense in an architectural project.

ANNOTATION CATEGORIESAnnotation Object categories include all the annotations, symbols,

and descriptive data added to a view to describe the building. These

are listed in the second tab of the Object Styles dialog box. Mostannotations are view-specific 2D elements and appear only in the

view in which they

were created. Examples include dimensions, tags, callouts, and text

notes. Annotations such as sections, levels, and grids are 2D graphics,

but they have 3D characteristics and appear in other views. These

elements (levels, grids, sections) appear in many views thanks to BIM

application functionality. Levels, grids, and section marks extend

throughout the model and can be edited from multiple views. Youdont need to draw these elements in each view as separate,

disconnected

graphics. With Revit, theyre truly 3D annotations. (Levels, grids, and

section marks never appear in 3D views.)

VIEWSViews are also considered parametric elements in Revit, and they

have many properties to help you define how they should displayinformation. A view doesnt change the model in any way it only acts

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as a filter through which you view the model. This also applies to

schedules and

material take-offs. Although schedules are more abstract ways to

think of a view, theyre still parametric views into the model.

PLAN VIEWS

The floor plan view is the default view in a new project. Most projects

include at least one floor plan.

SECTIONS AND ELEVATIONS

Elevation views are part of the default template in Revit Architecture.

When you create a project with the default template, 4 elevation

views are included: north, south, east, and west. It is in elevationviews where you sketch level lines. For each level line that you

sketch, a corresponding plan view is created.Provide sections ,

elevations, exterior elevations and interior elevations directly without

any delay in time.

3D SECTIONSHelps to clip the viewable portions of a 3d view

3D VIEWS

You can create perspective and orthographic 3D views in Revit

Architecture.

Perspective 3D ViewsOrthographic 3D Views

PERSPECTIVE 3D VIEWS

Perspective 3D views show the building model in a 3D view

where components that are further away appear smaller, and

components that are closer appear larger.

You can select elements in a perspective view and modify their type

and instance properties. When you create or view a perspective 3D

view, the View Control Bar indicates that the view is a perspectiveview.

ORTHOGRAPHIC 3D VIEWS

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Orthographic 3D views show the building model in a 3D view

where all components are the same size regardless of the cameras

distance.

TYPE AND INSTANCE PARAMETERSAparametric element is something that can change size, material, and

graphic look but is still the same fundamental element. Most elements

in Revit are designed with parameters that allow for the creation of

variations of a base type.

Take a typical Revit door family as an example. Each family can have

many types built into it, where each type typically represents a

variation in size, material, color, or other defining characteristic.

Although each type can vary in shape and size, the base geometry for

each type is derived from the same family.

Depending on how the family is built, parameters can affect either the

type or the instance. A change of type parameters affects all instances

of this type in the same family used in the model, whereas instance

parameters affect only the selected instance. This is an important

distinction: you can change instance properties only when you have

an element selected, but you can change type properties without

selecting anything.

BIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIPSObjects with parameters that can be edited are nothing new in the

world of software. But what makes Revit unique is its ability to go

beyond 3D objects with parameters and create relationships between

objects. This ability, which includes the parametric relationships and

the underlying

change engine, is a core technological advantage built into Revit.

Another powerful manifestation of interrelationships occurs among

walls, floors, roofs, components, and levels. They all have explicit

relationships to levels, so that if a level changes elevation,all elements

associated with that level update automatically. Not only do the bases

of the walls attached to a level change, but the tops of the walls

attached to this level also change.

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CONSTRAINTS

During the design phase, you may want to apply some dimensional

rules to the design and make sure they arent altered. These rules

might be a minimum hallway width for code compliance or amaximum office square footage for a particular user. Whatever the

restriction, Revit

dimensions make it possible to lock it down and create a constraint.

This constraint is independent, but its related to the dimension. If you

delete the dimension, you can keep the constrained condition and

know that the model will maintain those relationships. The point is

that a dimension

can be much more than a 2D annotation.These design rules are usedall the time, but not many software applications let you capture this

design intent in the model. If you run a dimension string from level to

level and lock the dimensions youre locking the relationship between

these elements in the whole model. By locking down elements, you

make it harder for other elements in the model to break this important

design intent and thus keep the model more intact and predictable.

REVIT FAMILIESRevit families are used to create your model. There are threeoverarching methods for creating families in Revit:

System families

Component (Standard) families

In-place families

The difference between them lies in their creation method, in what

context theyre created, and the types of parameters available. Letsreview each of these types of families.

SYSTEM FAMILIESModel system families are made up of a limited set of categories:

walls, roofs, floors, ceilings, stairs, railings, ramps, mullions, curtain

panels, mechanical equipment, and toposurfaces(topography).

For example, to make walls you can just start drawing (placing a

wall), whereas to make a floor or roof, you enter a Sketch mode inwhich you

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define the outer shape with lines that then generate a 3D model of the

floor. For stairs and railings,you enter a more detailed Sketch mode

that has additional features not available for floors or roofs. When

making toposurfaces, you use a Sketch mode that lets you edit 3D

points specificto toposurfaces. As you can see, system families all have slightly

different creation methods.You can create new types of system

families by duplicating existing types and editing their parameters. If

youve been using Revit for any length of time, then this method of

duplicating a type to create new types should be familiar territory for

you.

You cant create new categories in Revit. These categories are

predefined within Revit and limited to the list available. This is

primarily to maintain control over the graphics from project

to project.

System families are also used for many annotation categories, such as

sections, elevations,levels, grids, text, and dimensionsthey arent

limited to model elements. Another characteristic of system families

is that you cant save them outside of your project toa shared library

as a standalone component. Even so, its still possible to reuse system

families in other projects. To transfer system families between

projects, go to the Manage tab, and from the Project Settings tab,

choose Transfer Project Standards to display the Select Items to Copy

dialog box.This dialog box gives you a feel for the number of

different types of system

families used in a Revit project.

COMPONENT FAMILIESComponent or standard families are created outside of the project

environment using the Family Editor. Theyre stored in an external

library (folders on your hard drive) and can be loaded into a project

for use at any point. Every component family belongs to a specific

Revit category so that when its loaded into a project, itadopts the

graphic rules defined for its category in the Object Styles dialog box.

This guarantees graphic consistency throughout your project without

your having to manage changes to new families constantly. This also

guarantees that when you schedule a category, you get all elements

that belong to that category.

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For example, if you find a lighting fixture family on the Web and load

it into your project,it will use the Lighting Fixtures object style in

your project to represent the family. It will be scheduled with other

lighting fixtures. You arent forced to open the family and adjust lineweights or colors or add metadata to the element, because this is all

controlled at the project level. This illustrates the value of having a

fixed number of categories to manageyou can rest assured that the

project wont inflate with endless, oddly named layers that are

difficult, if not

impossible, to decode.Component families have their own file format

extension (.rfa) and can be stored outside the project environment for

later use in other projects. Revit ships with a predefined folder

structure to help manage the vast numbers of families available. Go to

the Insert tab and from the Load from Library panel, choose Load

Family to see how Revit organizes information.

To create variations of a component family, duplicate an existing one

in the project and modify its properties. To make more radical

geometrical changes to the family, you need to open it in the Family

Editor and change the form there. The process of editing a family

supports an iterative design workflow: by selecting any family, you

have the option either to edit its properties or to open it in the Family

Editor and make changes to it and then load it right back into your

project. Families can be complex,but at least you wont need to learn

any specialized scripting languages to create smart, parametric

content. This goes for all forms of component families, from totally

parametric windows and doors to one-off pieces of furniture or

lighting fixtures.Revit provides a set of starting family templates you

can use to make content from scratch.

When you want to start creating a new library element (family), you

first need to select the correct template. To open a template, go to the

Application Menu and choose

the type of element you want to make, and the template will open.

Embedded in each template are smart behavior characteristics of the

family youre creating.

Doors, windows, balusters, casework, columns, curtain wall panels,

entourage, furniture,massing elements, generic objects, and plantings

are all examples of standard Revit family categories.

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To move families between projects, you can copy and paste them or

save your families to disk and then load them into another project.

IN-PLACE FAMILIESIn-place families are custom elements that are specific to a project and

the conditions of the project. An in-place family accesses

functionality available in the Family Editor in the context of a project

environment. The model grays out and becomes unselectable when

you make such

families. A nonvertical, sweeping wall shape is a good example for

when you would use an inplace family.

You can copy and paste in-place families from project to project, butyou cant save them as RFA (Revit projects have the extension .rvt,

Revit families .rfa) as you can with standard families.

OVERRIDING THE REPRESENTATION OF

ELEMENTSThere are no layers in Revit. Revit uses object categories and

subcategories (not layers) to define the graphics for each element

class as well as to control visibility (which is the purpose of layersin other software). The Object Styles dialog box (accessed from the

Manage tab, in the Project Settings panel, under Settings) establishes

the default graphics for every category; however, in any view, you

can override these graphics using the Visibility/Graphics Overrides

dialog box(on the View tab, in the Graphics panel click

Visibility/Graphics). The two dialog boxes look very similarthe

difference is that Object Styles shows the defaults preset for a project,

whereas Visibility/Graphic Overrides is the place to review and makechanges to those default settings on a per-view basis. The same

familiar categories and subcategories displayed in the Object Styles

dialog box are displayed in this dialog box as well.The same level of

visual control for line weight, color, and pattern is provided here but

in a slightly different interface. In addition to line overrides, you can

override cut and surface patterns

and choose to show a category as halftone, transparent, or at a

different level of detail.Changes made using this dialog box areapplied only to your current view.The same categories are used to

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control the visibility of elements in a view. You can turn off entire

categories, subcategories, or individual elements in any view.

DESIGN VISUALIZATION

You can use Revit Architecture to generate a photorealistic image of abuilding model so you can present the design to clients or share it

with team members. Revit Architecture renders 3D views with

various effects and contents, such as lighting, plants, decals & people.

Capture design ideas in a photorealistic state.With easy user

interaction, high quality output and faster render times.Mental ray

rendering engine enables superior design presentation .

DETAILING

Take advantage of the extensive detail library and detailing tools.Create, manage, and share your own detail library.

CONCEPTUAL DESIGNEasily create expressive forms to produce an overall massing study.

Import conceptual massing from applications such as rhino,

sketchup, and Autocad 2007.

DESIGN OPTIONSDevelop and study multiple design alternatives to make key design.

Present multiple schemes to your clients easily.SCHEDULESSchedules are just another view of the revit architecture model.A

change to a schedule view is automatically reflected in every other

view and vice versa.

MATERIAL TAKE OFFAppropriate for sustainable design and checking material quantities in

cost estimates.Simplifies the tracking of material quantities .

AUTODESK 2D &3D DWG INTEGRATIONRevit architecture supports publishing a model to 2d or 3d dwf

format.Communication of design information in a lightweight formatfor nontechnical participants in the project review process

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ABOUT THE PROJECT:

It is a single storied building, location near toVarkala. Area is 2200 sq.ft. It was very easy to create model

using revit architecture. It reduced my stress on spending timefor creating model. Its a naalukettustyle residential

building.

EXTERIOR VIEW

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INTERIORS

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BEDROOM:

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DINNING: