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HEMATOLYMPHATIC SYSTEM(HLS)
Anatomy Lab 1
DONE BY:Atiqa Dahalan
ATYAF GROUP (2007)أطياف بتضلها أطياف
DISCLAIMER
1. The content of this slides may vary from what you discuss from your lab.
2. The pictures may or may not be the same as what you see in lab because some of them are obtained from the internet.
3. The best reference will still be your notes and books.
Red blood corpuscles
Circular Pallor in the center
[light area] Reddish periphery
[because you have good amount of Hb]
Invisible pallor due to overlapping of RBCs
We won’t see nucleus in RBCs of peripheral blood film.
Lymphocytes Circular, no
indentation of nucleus
Condensed chromatin
Circular nucleus We don’t know if
there is granule from blood film.
We may have large, intermediate and small lymphocytes.
Lymphocyte [cont’d]
Large lymphocytes have larger cytoplasm
We can’t differentiate between B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and NK cells.
Lymphocytes = rim of cytoplasm + circular nucleus.
Neutrophils Characters of
neutrophils in order of priority1. Segmented
nucleus2. 2 types of granules
in cytoplasm [azurophilic & specific]
3. Blue cytoplasm [granules stained blue]
Sickle cell RBCs
They have plasma membrane and Hb
Instead of HbA they have Hb S
These cells become less flexible
Blocked in narrow capillaries
Sickle cell RBC Thick in center, thin in
periphery Even if you tilt a normal RBC
you will not see it like this
Normal RBC (rear view) To prove this, take a
doughnout and take a look at it.
Normal RBC (x-section) Thin in center, thick at
periphery.
Basophils
characteristics of basophils: 1. Circular dark
granules2. Lobes of nucleus
Granules cause vision of nucleus unobvious
Try outlining the nucleus with a pencil – YOU CANT!
Basophils [T.E.M]
Looks like mast cells
Common characteristics : histamine
Note the shape of the granules
Eosinophils
Characteristics1. Red granules2. Bilobed3. Circular
p/s: you can still outline the nucleus
Eosinophil Granules
Crystalline dark center
Lighten periphery In the exam if you
see this, you don’t need the nucleus to say this is EOSINOPHIL.
NEUTROPHIL GRANULES
Here we can see two types of granules
This cell is screaming
“I AM A NEUTROPHIL”
More RBCs !!! Sometimes, we see
small pallor not because of defect but the RBC is tiltted!
See this dot. It is a ribosome [refer to
erythropoiesis]. This ribosome makes globin, and near maturity this RBC is left with few ribosome
it is normal because we can have up to 1-2% of reticulocytes.
Blood platelets
Clump of platelets Their size are much
smaller than RBCs They are dark in
center and lighter in periphery due to presence of granules
p/s: note those stacking RBCs
Platelets [Cont’d] Granules are usually in
the center We have canalicular
system in platelets. It is like a sponge; empty spaces here and there.
This is for a very efficient physiology of secreting platelets factors.
Sometimes we can hardly see granules in platelets because they had secreted the granules’ content.
Platelets [cont’d]
Activated platelets send arms
Colony Forming Unit - RBC
Size : getting smaller Nucleus : smaller &
denser Cytoplasm : lesser In prerythroblast
nucleolus is visible. How do we know it it
RBC CFC? Change of cell color to
more red. Other colony doesn’t have change in color.
1. Proerythroblast1. Largest2. Large nucleus and not condensed3. Bluish cytoplasm [ increasing basophilic material ribosome4. Pro : before; erythro : RBC; blast : having some features
2. Basophilic normoblast1. Nucleus much more condensed2. Cytoplasm becomes more blue
3. Polychromatic normoblast – very obvious change in color4. Orthochromatic normoblast
1. Near to normal2. Almost mostly Hb, while ribosomes getting smaller3. Small nucleus
5. Reticulocyte6. Erythrocyte