Anatomy of mobile systems
Lin ZhongELEC424, Fall 2010
Outline
• Physical• Integrated circuit• Software• Cost• Power profile
• Administration
2
Physical profile: Case study• HP Jornada 928
– Released in 2002– TI OMAP 710 133MHz– 64MB RAM– CompactFlash I– 221 grams– QVGA refective TFT display– GSM/GPRS– Windows Pocket PC 2002
3
Component stack-up (17mm)
Portable Electronics Product Design & Development, Bert Haskell, 2004
4
Weight profile
Enclosure31%
Electronic boards25%
Display assembly22%
Batteries16%
Miscellaneous6%
Which parts are most likely to become lighter?
5
Physical trend
• Lighter but not necessarily smaller• More integrated
– Jornada 928 has about 600 discrete components– System-in-a-package (SiP)– Digital RF
• Single-chip cell phone
Source: ICCAD’05, Bogdan Staszewski, TI 6
Integrated circuit: Jornada 928
• Simplified block diagram (Bert Haskell)
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Software profile
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Firmware (BIOS, fixed software in microcontrollers)
Device drivers (System interface to peripheral devices)
Operating system
Managed runtime(Java virtual machine, .NET framework)
Libraries(graphics, e.g. OpenGL, user interfaces, e.g.
Qt)
Applications
Cost profile
Electronic as-semblies; 124.38;
73%
Displays; 30.68; 18%
Housing/mechanical, $7.16, 4%
Batteries; 6.64; 4%
Final assembly; 1.64; 1%
Integrated circuits;
68.86; 55%
RF modules; 12.41; 10%
Discretes; 15.14; 12%
Connectors; 4.17; 3%
Substrates; 10.38; 8%
Insertion; 10.22; 8%PCB test; 3.19; 3%
Source: PEPDD, Bert Haskell
Total cost: $170.5
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Cost profile (Contd.)
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Rest27%
Display11%
Touch screen9%Flash (16GB)
13%
Application processor8%
SDRAM (Stacked on)5%
Baseband7%
Cellular transceiver2%
GPS receiver1%
Power IC1%
Camera5%
Bluetooth/FM/WLAN 3%
Memory MCP2%
Audio Codec1%
Manufacturing4%
iPhone 3GS~$179 BOM
$199 with AT&T plan
>$700 from ebay without plan
Cost profile (PC)
• Dell Inspiron 1420 basic system: ~$650 (08/08)– Including Windows Vista Home: ~$200 (retail)
• Office 2007-Student:~$100– Professional version :~$500
• Security software: ~$100 (three years)
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Software is really expensive!!!
iPhone 3GS teardown
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iPhone 3GS teardown (Contd.)
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$3.65
$2.8
$8.5$14.46
$1.25
$24
$1.15
$1.3$13
iPhone 3GS teardown (Contd.)
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$2.25
$5.95
Power profile: Pocket PC
Basic idle; 244; 12%
Computing; 383; 19%
LCD; 82; 4%
Lighting; 444; 22%
Speaker; 367; 18%
Earphone; 65; 3%
Bluetooth; 470; 23%
Power profile of HP iPAQ 4350 (mW)
Power for audio delivery
iPAQ 4350, 2004
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Power profile: SmartphoneLighting: Keyboard; 72.937037227937;
3%
Lighting: Display I; 147.835647317401; 5%
Lighting: Display II; 61.2835089189649; 2%
LCD; 12.8726439856928; 0%
Speaker; 45; 2%
Bluetooth; 440; 16%
GPRS; 1600; 58%
Compute; 370; 13%
Cellular network; 17; 1%
Flight mode: Sleep; 3; 0%
Audiovox 5600, 2004
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Power profile: Interactive tasksA computer spends most of its energy in idle periods due to the human-computer speed mismatch
0 1 2 3 4 50
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Time (s)
Pow
er (W
att)
Power trace for Calculator on a Sharp Zaurus 5500
User delaysDisplay power significant
99% time and 95% energy spent waiting during interaction17
Power profile: Make a call
Ringing Voicemail
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001 20001 22001 24001 26001 28001 30001
Time (ms)
Pow
er (W
)
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Power profile: Browse web
Downloading (cnn.com) Back lightings change
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001 20001 22001
Time (ms)
Pow
er (W
)
19
Power profile: Play videoSpeaker on
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001
Time (ms)
Pow
er (W
) Speaker on
Speaker off
Speaker off
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001
Time (ms)
Pow
er (W
)
30-minute of streaming video will exhaust the battery20
Industrial profile
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IC
System integration/manufacture
Operating system
Applications
Microsoft
Samsung, LG, HTC, Moto,…
NokiaApple
TI, ARM, MIPS (Digital), QualcomBroadcom, Marvel (RF, Analog)
Verizon, Sprint, AT&T etc.
RIM (Blackberry)
Services
Palm
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Source: Yahoo! Finance