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Ancient Greek Architecture

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Ancient Greek Architecture. Doric Ionic Corinthian. Temple Architecture. Cult statue was kept in the cella with access restricted to priests (similar to Egypt and Mesopotamia) Rectangular Very organized Columns part of post and lintel construction - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ancient Greek Architecture Doric Ionic Corinthian
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Page 1: Ancient Greek Architecture

Ancient Greek Architecture

Doric Ionic

Corinthian

Page 2: Ancient Greek Architecture

Temple Architecture

• Cult statue was kept in the cella with access restricted to priests (similar to Egypt and Mesopotamia)

• Rectangular• Very organized• Columns part of post and lintel construction• Little light inside enhances sense of mystery• Pediments with sculpture celebrating the god

housed inside

Page 3: Ancient Greek Architecture

ShrinesTholos, Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi, 400 BCE

• Placed in front of larger temple of Apollo

• Unsure of the purpose of the building

• Tholos was circular, although the vast majority of Greek architecture was rectangular

Page 4: Ancient Greek Architecture

Types of Temple ArchitectureNot a linear timeline; many temples combined types; Ionic more popular in Asia Minor; Doric

more popular on Mainland

Page 5: Ancient Greek Architecture

Architectural Elements

Frieze

Architrave

Page 6: Ancient Greek Architecture

Which style? Which period?

West pediment, Temple of Artemis

Page 7: Ancient Greek Architecture

Early TempleNotice the Caryatids

Page 8: Ancient Greek Architecture

AcropolisHill with temple complex

Page 9: Ancient Greek Architecture

Re-creation of acropolis at AthenaStudy page 147 of Stokstad for details

Know the Buildings with Yellow Arrows

Page 10: Ancient Greek Architecture

Parthenon Key Details

• X = 2y + 1 seen throughout (6 columns in front = 13 on side and ratio of length to width = 9:4)

• Stylobate (floor) curves upward at middle to drain water and counteract optical illusion

• IONIC elements (interior frieze and inner room columns) in a DORIC temple

• Massive statue of Athena inside cella

Page 11: Ancient Greek Architecture

Parthenon, Athens, Greece, 447-438 BCE, marble.Architects: Iktinos and Kallikrates Political Leader: PeriklesLead Sculptor: Pheidias

Page 12: Ancient Greek Architecture

Porch of the Maidens, Erechtheion, Acropolis, Athena

• Marks the spot where Athena battled Poseidon in a contest for Athens (she gave an olive tree and won)

• Caryatids in procession towards Parthenon

• Ionic architecture

Page 13: Ancient Greek Architecture

Blinged-out Athena

Page 14: Ancient Greek Architecture

Pediment Sculpture, Parthenon

Page 15: Ancient Greek Architecture

Metope Sculpture (left), Horsehead from pediment (right)

Page 16: Ancient Greek Architecture

Theater, Polykleitos (he of the Canon of Proportion!), Epidauros, 350 BCEPlays were important on feast days and as contests; perfect acoustics – 12,000 could hear; audience encircles stage on 3 sides

Page 17: Ancient Greek Architecture

Pergamon Alter, from Pergamon in Asia Minor, 175 BCEreflects Panathenaic Frieze in Parthenon – 400 feet long, 7.5 feet high – Pergamon victory over the barbarians; Ionic


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