ANCIENT INDIA

Indus Valley Civilization 2500 B.C.E

• Developed along the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan

• Their cities were planned out and included sewage systems.

• Harappa was their most famous city

Aryans Invade the Indus Valley 1500 B.C.E

• Indo-European Aryans from Caspian Sea area

• Developed a Caste System• Brought their religion to India

based upon a sacred text-The Vedas

• Hinduism developed over time

• Hindus work to achieve moksha or complete understanding of the universe

• Reincarnation occurs and karma follows to the next life.

Buddhism Develops• Siddhartha Gautama

(the Buddha)-developed Buddhism in the 500s B.C.E

• Searched for enlightenment, or wisdom to end suffering

• The Four Noble Truths• Eightfold Path/Middle

Way• Nirvana-release from

selfishness and pain.

The Mauryan Empire, Asoka, and the Gupta Empire• Chandragupta Maurya

united India by 303 B.C.E• Asoka-Maurya’s grandson

became India’s greatest king and spread Buddhism across India.

• Religious Toleration• The Gupta Empire-

“Golden Age” experienced profit from trade and achievements in the arts, science, and religious thought.

ANCIENT CHINA

Chinese Dynasties• Ancient China was

characterized by dynasties-series of rulers from same family

• The Zhou Dynasty was one of the earliest (1027-256 B.C.E)

• Farmers btw. Huang He and Chiang Jiang Rivers

• Developed the Mandate of Heaven

• Dynastic Cycle

Confucianism Develops• Confucius (551-479

B.C.E)-China’s greatest philosopher

• Developed a moral code to live by.

• Five Relationships• Filial Piety-respect for

parents and ancestors• Stressed education• Created a bureaucracy,

or trained civil service for the government.

The Qin Dynasty (221-202 B.C.E)

• Founded by Shi Huangdi, “First Emperor.”

• Unified China through conquest

• Harsh ruler; centralized autocracy

• Burned Confucian texts• Built the Great Wall of China

The Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E-220 C.E.)• Expanded under Emperor

Wudi, “The Martial Emperor”

• Increased trade by building silk roads across China

• Created a Bureaucracy with civil service jobs

• Examination System based upon Confucianism

• Spread Chinese thought• Technology (paper)