Andrew University

S E M I W

Volume 36 Autumn 1998 Number 2

Andrews University Press

ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY STUDIES

The Journal of the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Sem~n.~ry o f 12ndrem University, Brrr~en Spr~ngs, Michigan 49104, U.S.A.

Editor: NANCY J. VYHMEISTER Associate Editor: JERRY MOON Rook Review Editor: JERRY MOON Con.cldlting Editors: ROBERT M. JOHKSTON, JON PALJLIEN,

RAKDALL W. Y C ~ N K E K Copy Editor: LEoNA G . RI.WNING Book Review Assistant: JOSE E. GIJZMAN Circzrlation hlanager: JOSE E. GUZMAN Ofice itfanagel:. KAKEN K. ACRAHAMSON Ed~torial Assista~~t: KAIIEN K. ABKAHAMSON

Editorial and Circulation Offices: Andrews University Seminary Srudics, Seminary Hall, Andrews University Berrien Springs, MI 49134-1500, U.S.A. Phone: (616) 471-6C23 F u : (616) 471-6202 Electronic Mail: auss@mdrewwdu Web: http://www.andrcn~s.cdu/ - ~ u i . ;

11 refereed journal, ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY S ~ I D I E S providcs a scholarly venue, within the context of biblical laith, lor the presentation of research in the area of religious and biblical studies. A L'SS publishes resexch articles and brief notes on the following topics: biblical archaeology and history of antiquity; Hebrew Bible; New Testament; church history of all periods; historical, biblical, and systematic theology; ethics; history of religions; 'lnd missions. Selected research articles on ministry and Christian education m.1y also be included.

The opinions expressed in articles, brief notes, book reviews, etL , Are those of the authors and do not necessar~ly represent the views of the editors nor those of the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary.

Sidbscription Information: ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY ST( JULES is published in the Spring and the Autumn. The subscription rates for 1999 are as lolloivb:

U.S.4. Foreign (nl I:.sJ\. lu11ds)

Price for Single Copy IS $12.30 in U.S A ; $14.23 I-orcigrl (in I1.S.A fund \ )

Printing by Patterson Prinring, Uenron Harbor, M ~ c h ~ g , m

TRANSLITERATION OF HEBREW AND ARAMAIC

MASORETIC VOWEL POINTINGS

= a = e 'I 'I = i ' n T ..

= o l = o = a = e = i = o 7 = &

7

-. - a - . .. . (vocal shewa) = = p = 0 .. . 7: = U

N o distinction is made between soft and hard begad-kepat letters; dagG forte is indicated by doubling the consonant.

AASOR AB ABD AcOr ADAJ A H R

A IA AJT A ,?iEI1 A N / / ANT: A n U r A N R W A R G A T R AusBR A llSS BA BAR BASOR BCYR BIlS Rzb BlbB BIES BJRL NK B U T LC0 BR BSac BT B TB R 7 BZAW B Z N W C A D CBQ

ABBREVIATIONS O F BOOKS AhTD PERIODICALS

Annual Amer. Sch. Or. Rcr. Anchor Biblc Anchor Btble Dtirionar)~ Acta orientalia Annual Dept. Ant . Jordan American Hzstoncd Revtev Amrrican Jotrrnal of Archaeology American Journal of Theology AM. !Near E a t zn Pictures Anctenr ,Near Lastern 'lkxts Thz Ante-Niccne Fathers Analecra orienralia Auf: nnd NVAer. der romrrckn Welt Archiv Jir Reformatronsgerchiciite Anglz~an Theological Rewiew Australtan Btbltcal R e v ~ e w Andrews U n z w s t q Smznal): Stzdzes Biblzcaf Archa~ologtst Bzhlical Archaeology Rewew Bdctzn Amw. Sch. Or tend Research Bull. Cr~unnl on iht. S d y afRdzgzon Btblia hebraiia stuttgartensta Rzblica B ~ b l ~ s c h c Beltrage Bulletin of the Isracl Lxpl. Socrety Bulletin, John Rylarids Untversity Brbei und K m h e Bibl. Kon~meritar: Altrs Testament Btbltotheca orrentalzj Biblical Research Btblrotheia Sacra The Bible Translaior Bzblicd Theology Bdletin Rzblischr Zeztschrzj? Beihefte zur Z A W Reihefte zur Z N W Chicago Arsynan Dictionary Catholic Biblical Qrrarterly

CJI CHR ClG

Cr/ CIL CIS Cp-

CQ CQR Cl' CTJ C 7 M CurTM D O 7 T EDNT LKL Encl.5 EniJud ER EvQ EvT h p 7 f m G R BS

G TJ 1 1 4 H R H T R HUG4 IB ICC IDB IEJ In t ISBE JAAR JA OS

1.4 s JBL

Church H~srory Cathollc Historical Revrew C o p i s rnscrtpttonum graecarrim Corplrs inscriptiorturn iudaicarum Corpus znrcriptzonrrm latlnarrim C o p r s rnscriprzonum semtticamm C a d z a n Journal o,f Thrology Church Quarterly Church Quarterly Revzrw Chrtstaartzty Today Calvin Theological Journal Concordra 76eological Monthly Currents in Theol. and Mtsszon Doc. from O T Ttmes, Thomas, ed. Exegetical Dact. r~ the N T Lvangeltscher Ktrihenlexzkon bncyclopedaa of lrlam Lncyclopedra Jtrdaica Ecumenical Review Lvangeliial Quarterly Evangelische Theohgie Lxposztoy 7'imes Greek, Roman, and Byz. Studzes Grace Theologtcal Journal Ileythrop jorrral Hisrory of Religions Harvard Theological Revrew Hehww llnion College Anni td Interpreteri Bible International Critical Commentary Interpreter's Dictzonary of the Bbble Israrl Exj~lorataon Journal Intelpretation Internatzonal Standard Rthle Dzct. Joirrn. American A c h o/Relixion Jonm. of the Amer. Or. Soc~ety Journ. of Asian Studies Journal of Biblical Literature

Abbreviations (cont.1 JBR JCS JEA JETS JEH JES JJS JMrH m s M JNES JPOS JQR .IR JRAS JRE JRelS JSNT JRH JRT J U JSOT JSS JSSR JTC .ITS LCL LW LQ MQR Ncot NHS NICNT

. . Journal of Bible and Religion Journal of Cuneiform Studies Journal ofEgyptian Archaeology Journal of the Evangel. Iheol. Soc. Journal of Ecclesiastical History Journal of Ecumenical Studies Joumal of Jewish Studies Journal of Medieval Histo y Journal ofMiddle Eastern Studies Journal ofModern History Journal of Near Eastern Studies Journal of Palest. Orient. Soc. Jewish Quarterly Review Journal uf Religion Journal of Royal Asiatic Society Journal of Religious Ethics Joumal of Religious Studies Journal for the Study of the N1' Joumal of Religious History Journal of Religions Thought Journal for the Stuu) n/Judaism Journal for the Study of the OT Jounral of Semitic Studies Journal for the Scien. Study of Religion Journa1for Theol. and Church Journal oj Theological Studres Loeb Classical Library Luther's Works, American Ed. Lutheran Quarterly Mennonite Quarterly Review Neorestamentrca Nag Hammadi Studies New Internl. Commentary, NT

NICOT New Internl. Commentary, OT NlDMT New Inter Dict. ofNT Theol. NIGTC New Internl. Greek Test. Comm. NKZ Neue Kirchliche Zeitschr$ NovT Novum Testamentum NPNF Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers NRT La nouveNe revue thdologique NTA New Testament Abstmcts I NT Apocrypha, Schneemelcher NTS New Testament Studies ODCT Oxford Dict, of Chri.stran Church OLZ Orientalische Literatuneitung Or Orientaliu (Rome) OKhr Oriens christianus O'fP Oi"P.scudepigmpha, Charlesworth OTS Oudtestamentische Studien PEQ Palestine Exploration Quarterly PC Purrologia Gmeca, Migne PI, I'atrologra Latina. Migne PW Pauly-Wissowa, Real Encyclopudie QDAP Quart. Dept. of Ant. m Palestine RA Revue d'a.nyriologie el d'arch. RAC Reallexrkon for Antike und Chr. RB Revue biblique RechSR Recherches de science religieuse REg Revue d'dgyptolugie RelS Kcligious Studies RelSoc Relrgion and Society RelSRev Religious Studies Review RevExp Review and Expositor RwQ Rewe de Qurnrcm ResScRel Revue des soences re1igleuse.s

SBL-M SBT SCJ SCR Sem SIT SMRT s o r SPB SSS ST TD TDNT TDOl' TEH TGl TJ 722 TP IB TRev TRu 'KT 7T l7i)day TU TWOi" 12 lJF USQR VC VT VTSup WA WBC WlJ ZA ZA W ZDMG ZDP V ZEE ZHT ZKG 2x1' zl'l4R ZNW ZRGG ZSl' ZTK ZWT

RevSkm Revue simitique RHE Revue d'histoire ecclr'siastrque RHPR Kevue d 'hist. et de phil. religieuses RHR Revue de l'histoire des religions RL Religion in L$e RLA Reallexikon der Assyriologie RR Review of Religion RRR Review of Religious Research RFPT Revue des sc. phil. et thdol. RTP Revue de thiol. et de phil. SA Sociological Analysis SB Sources bibliques SBLDS SBL Dissertation Series SBLMS SBL Monograph Series SBLSBS SBL Sources for Biblical Study

' SBL Texts and Translations Studies in Biblical Theology Sirfeenth Century J o u ~ n f , . .-. Studies in Comparative Religion Semitica Scottish Journal of Theology Studies in Med. and Rrf Thought Studia Orientalia Studia Postbiblica Semitic Studies Series Studia Theologica Theology Digest Theol. Dict. of the NT Theol. Dict. of the OT Theologische Exislenz Heutc 2heologie und Glaube Trinity Journal Theologische Litemtuneitung Theologie und Philosophze Thcologrsche Quarralschrifl Theologischc Revue Theologische Rundschau lheological Studies Teologisk Tidsskrfl Theology Today Texte und Untersuchungen Theol. Wordbook of the OT Theologische Zeitschrfl Ugarit-Forschungen CJnion Seminary Quarterly Review Vigiliae christianac Vetus Testamentum Vetus Testamentum, Supplements Luther's Works, Weimarer Ausgabe Word Biblical Commentary Westminster Theological Journal Zeit,schrifrfi/r A.a~yriologie Zeitsch. fur die alltest. Wissen. Zeifsch. des deutsch. nrorgen. Gesell. Zeifsch. des dcutsch. Pal.-Vereins Zeitschrifrflir evangelische Ethik Zeitsch. fur historische 'fieologie Zeitschrifrfiir Kirchengeschichte Zeitsch. fur katholische Theologie Zeifsch. f i r Mis.sion. und Religion. Zeitsch. fur die neulesf. W~ssen. Zeitsch. fur Rcl. u. Geistcgeschichte Zeitsch. f i r ~stemutische Theulogic Zcitschrflfur Thcologie und Kirche Zeitschrififirr wisscn Theologie