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Andrey V. Golik, Vitaly K. Fischenko, Stepan G. Antushev
V.I.Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute
Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Space Technology & Geo-Informatics 2006, Pattaya, Thailand, 2006
Development of satellite oceanography methodsin FEB RAS corporate
oceanographic GIS
FEB RAS – Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
This is: 25 institutes (6 scientific centers), from
them 12 institutes specializing in «Earth
sciences», from them 5 institutes specializing in
«Oceanography»: Pacific Oceanological Institute (300
scientists), total about 1000 scientists
Main area of researches: Northwestern Pacific (lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere)
Oceanographic researches at FEB RAS
Scientific centers and institutes of FEB RAS,which perform researches in Northwestern Pacific
Primorsky Scientific CenterPacific Oceanological Institute, Institute of Marine Biologyet all (4 institutes)
Sakhalin Scientific CenterInstitute of Marine Geology and Geophysics (1 institute)
Kamchatsky Scientific CenterInstitute of Volcanology and Seismology et all (2 institutes)
Northeast Scientific Center( 2 scientific institutes )
Corporative oceanographic GIS of FEB RAS
Local network of POI FEB RAS
Intranet– client N
Intranet, Internet
GIS-server
Local network of institute of FEB RAS
Intranet
Remote server
Intranet, Internet
Data store 1
HTML HTML
HTML
HTML
HTML
XML
XML,FTP
XML
Data store L
XML, FTP
Local network of High school
Intranet
Remote server
HTML
XML
HTML HTML HTML
Internet-client 1
Internet-client 2
Internet-client Q
Intranet– client 1
Intranet– client 2
Intranet– client 1
Intranet– client M
HTML
Intranet– client 1
Intranet– client K
Primary task – “deliver to any scientist workplace:
1. all available data about sea and atmosphere in region
2. obvious tools for joint cartographical and scientific data visualization and analytical data processing
3. possibility of use distributed computing resources of FEB RAS network for solving complex resource-intensive tasks”
Typical view of GIS FEB RAS user interface
Bottom sediments in Japan sea
CTD station locations in 1958
Morphological image analysis(oil spill localized and described)
Query for satellite images contain oil spills
Current status: 54 thematical layers, about 150 Gb of data, 6 software tools for analytical data processing, link to 3 remote data storage in FEB RAS network, monitoring of 5 oceanographic internet resources.
Work with different data layers and types
Information layer “Satellite oceanography”
Supported in GIS FEB RAS since 2002
Purposes of satellite data integration into GIS:
• provide all interested FEB RAS scientists with online access to new information layer – sea environment satellite observations data;
• for “satellite” oceanographers – possibility to get various corresponding data on state of the sea environment in order to improve methods of satellite information interpretation;
• for “traditional” oceanographers – possibility to use results of satellite observations over research area in analysis and interpretation of oceanographic data;
• provide all interested GIS users with effective software tools for processing, analysis and interpretation of satellite images.
Main part is database of SAR-images from ESA received by satellites ERS-1/2.It prepared in POI Satellite oceanology department.• Registering device: synthetic aperture radar (frequency: 5.3 GHz, frame size:
100x100 km, resolution: ~25x25 m).• Observation regions: Okhotsk, Japan, East and South China, Yellow,
Sulawesi and Sulu Seas.• Observation period: 1991 – 2005 years.• Data volume: ~ 3 Gb, more than 1000 images.
Primary tasks which are being solved with this set of SAR images:1. development of methods for detection and spatial localization of
oceanological phenomena on SAR images2. demonstrate to scientists of FEB RAS possibilities of satellite radar with
synthesized aperture for tasks of monitoring of sea state on large areas
SAR-images in GIS FEB RAS
GIS contains large collection of different data from satellites ERS-1/2, Envisat, NOAA, Terra/Aqua, etc. (about 2000 images, total volume more than 10 Gb).
Phenomena on satellite imagesWith every SAR-image linked set of oceanographic and atmospheric phenomena that has visual appearance
oceanographic phenomena: coastal front current current front eddy ice internal waves ocean front oil pollution slicks upwelling etc.
atmospheric phenomena: atmospheric front atmospheric waves rain wind etc.
Total 47 oceanographic and atmospheric phenomena
User interface
SAR-images with oil pollutions
SAR-images with internal waves
SAR-images with ice in bay Aniva in March 1999
Expert interface – add new SAR-image in GIS
Expert interface – select image for description
Expert interface – phenomena description
Expert use visual analyze and data processing tools from GIS
Using GIS analytical tools for satellite image processing
GIS users can use a set of image processing tools from analytical support system. These tools allow to:
• perform various image transformations for visual improvements, noise reduction and restoration of source physical fields using algorithms of linear and non-linear spatial filtration, filtration algorithms based on fast orthogonal transformations;
• perform wide set of orthogonal image transformations (Fourier, Haar, Hadamard, Hartley, Cos & Sin – transformations, wavelet transformations);
• perform correlation-spectral image analysis;
• perform morphological image analysis;
• analyze any one-dimension sections of image using modern methods of digital signal processing.
Usage of GIS analytical tools is very simple
Expert can copy image from GIS window to clipboard and paste in desktop program
Spatial satellite image filtering
Original image and 5 different filtering results
Spatial-frequency filtering (SFF) of satellite image using «global» filter
Original image, Fourier-spectrum, modified Fourier-spectrum, result
«Dynamical» operation – very useful tool for local features analysis
“Dynamical spectral analysis” of any satellite image fragment
“Dynamical SFF filtering”
Swell-waves deleted by using local SFF, keep only internal waves
Using «dynamical template matching» for mesoscale ocean eddy moving analysis
Two satellite image with time difference in half hour (maximum of cross correlation function determine shift of eddy structure)
Correlation-spectral analysis of SAR image
ISC
IFC 1and it approximation IFC 2
and it approximation
Image
Fourier-spectrum
Correlation
ISC – integral spatial characteristicsIFC – integral frequency characteristics
On this figure presented: original image; 2D Fourier spectrum; 2D correlation function; integral spatial characteristic describing properties of image structure anisotropy; 2 modifications of integral frequency characteristic with results of it’s approximation using one of the correlation-spectral models provided by tool.
Morphological analysis of SAR image
Oil pollution recognition (original, binary, recognized)
Joint usage of satellite and non-satellite data
Important advantage of conception of union geoinformatics and space technologies is opportunity to organize joint work of specialists in different knowledge fields. Such joint work encourages development of both satellite methods and other scientific methods. During trial use of oceanographic GIS FEB RAS there were outlined some «points of interest intersection» for satellite oceanographers and specialists in different oceanography fields.
restored SST field restored SSW field
Restoration SST & SSW fields from AMSR-E data task
channel 6GHz - V channel 6GHz - H channel 10.65GHz - V channel 10.65GHz - H
T = fT(Ch1, Ch2, Ch3, Ch4, …)W = fW(Ch1, Ch2, Ch3, Ch4, …)
Development and research of algorithms of physical field restoration using AMSR-E data and Near-GOOS data
Configuration of task
POI FEB RAS GIS-server
Server contains local copies of AMSR-E data
Laboratory of satellite oceanology
Client P Client Q
Computing resources
Client I Client JClient 1 Client N
Gateway
Internet
Server contains satellite data AMSR-E
(in Japan)
Server NEAR-GOOS(in Japan)
Validation of the SST field retrieval algorithm
Joint using in GIS two methods of remote sensing:
1. Satellite oceanography2. Seismoacoustic with laser interferometer methods
Base idea of seismoacoustic methods on Shultz cape
B
A B
A
R
R
Δ R
Support of seismoacoustic researches on Shultz cape
SAR-image in same time (internal waves?)
Shultz cape
signal of Earth’s deformations Fourier-spectrum of signal
surface waves?
internal waves?
Analysis tide effects: 7-days record and result wavelet-filtering tide effects, Fourier-spectrum, continuous wavelet transformation. Detected periods– 12 and 24 hours.
Analysis hydro acoustic signal response: earth microdeformation signal (1 second), Fourier-spectrum, wavelet transform.Detected base frequency of hydro acoustic signal – 22 Hz.
About possibilities of joint use satellite and seismoacoustic data for tsunami detection.1. At present time discussed different satellite methods for tsunami detection.2. Seismoacoustic data allow differ «tsunami-alert» and «tsunami-not alert» underwater earthquakes.Tsunami-not alert earthquake in Japan sea.
Tsunami-alert earthquake in Japan sea (was not tsunami)
Tsunami-alert earthquake in Adaman sea (was tsunami)
Conclusion
We believe that joint usage of geoinformatics and space technologies by specialists in various fields of science encourages development of both corresponding fields of science and space technologies. As we tried to show in this presentation, it is fair at least for oceanography.
Thank you for your attention!