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ANEMIA DURING ANEMIA DURING PREGNANCYPREGNANCY

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Objectives Objectives

At the end of the presentation clients At the end of the presentation clients should be able to:should be able to:

Identify Iron-rich foodsIdentify Iron-rich foods Determine how iron absorption can be Determine how iron absorption can be

enhanced or inhibited.enhanced or inhibited. Make healthier food choices to reduce iron Make healthier food choices to reduce iron

deficiency/anaemia.deficiency/anaemia.

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What is Anemia?What is Anemia?

Anaemia is a condition of too few red Anaemia is a condition of too few red blood cells, or a decreased ability of the blood cells, or a decreased ability of the red blood cells to carry oxygen or iron red blood cells to carry oxygen or iron

The The fetusfetus is dependent on the mother's is dependent on the mother's blood and blood and anaemiaanaemia can cause poor fetal can cause poor fetal growth, preterm birth, and low birth weight growth, preterm birth, and low birth weight

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Types of AnemiaTypes of Anemia Anemia of pregnancyAnemia of pregnancy Blood volume increases by as much as 50% - Blood volume increases by as much as 50% -

blood cells in the body become diluted blood cells in the body become diluted

Iron deficiency anemiaIron deficiency anemiafetus uses the mother's red blood cells for growth fetus uses the mother's red blood cells for growth

and development and development

Vitamin B12 deficiencyVitamin B12 deficiency important in forming red blood important in forming red blood

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Types of AnemiaTypes of Anemia

Blood lossBlood loss at delivery & after delivery at delivery & after delivery (postpartum)(postpartum)

Folate deficiency Folate deficiency - a B-vitamin that - a B-vitamin that works with iron to help with cell growth works with iron to help with cell growth

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Why Does Pregnancy Make me Why Does Pregnancy Make me More Likely to Become Anemic?More Likely to Become Anemic?

Your Your iron requirements go up significantly when go up significantly when you are pregnant. you are pregnant.

During pregnancy, the amount of blood in your During pregnancy, the amount of blood in your body expands. body expands.

You also need extra iron for your growing baby You also need extra iron for your growing baby and placenta.and placenta.

Starting pregnancy without sufficient stores of Starting pregnancy without sufficient stores of iron iron

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Your Risk is Even Higher if You;Your Risk is Even Higher if You;

Have morning sicknessHave morning sickness Had two or more pregnancies close Had two or more pregnancies close

together together Pregnant with more than one babyPregnant with more than one baby Have an iron-poor diet Have an iron-poor diet Your pre-pregnancy menstrual flow was Your pre-pregnancy menstrual flow was

heavy heavy

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How Will I Know if I'm Anemic?How Will I Know if I'm Anemic?

Your practitioner tests your blood for anemia Your practitioner tests your blood for anemia at your first prenatal appointment at your first prenatal appointment

HematocritHematocrit - measurement of the % of - measurement of the % of red blood cells found in a specific volume red blood cells found in a specific volume of blood of blood

Hemoglobin - Hemoglobin - the part of blood that the part of blood that distributes oxygen from the lungs to distributes oxygen from the lungs to tissues in the bodytissues in the body. .

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How Will I Know if I'm Anaemic?How Will I Know if I'm Anaemic? You might feel tired, weak, and dizzy You might feel tired, weak, and dizzy You're paler - especially in your You're paler - especially in your

fingernails, the underside of your eyelids, fingernails, the underside of your eyelids, and your lipsand your lips

Have a rapid heartbeat, heart palpitations, Have a rapid heartbeat, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, or trouble shortness of breath, or trouble concentrating concentrating

cravings for non-food substances such as cravings for non-food substances such as ice, paper, or clay (ice, paper, or clay (picapica))

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How Does Anemia Affect my How Does Anemia Affect my Baby's Health & Mine?Baby's Health & Mine?

Your baby gets his share before you doYour baby gets his share before you do

If you remain anemic during the first 2 If you remain anemic during the first 2 trimesters, you are at a higher risk for having a trimesters, you are at a higher risk for having a preterm delivery or a low-birth weight baby preterm delivery or a low-birth weight baby

It could affect your baby's iron stores at birth, It could affect your baby's iron stores at birth, increasing his risk for anemia later in infancy.increasing his risk for anemia later in infancy.

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How Does Anemia Affect my How Does Anemia Affect my Baby's Health & Mine?Baby's Health & Mine?

It can sap your energy and make it harder It can sap your energy and make it harder for your body to fight infection for your body to fight infection

You are more likely to have problems if You are more likely to have problems if you lose a lot of blood when you give birth.you lose a lot of blood when you give birth.

You may feel dizzy, have a rapid heart You may feel dizzy, have a rapid heart rate, or have other symptoms that require rate, or have other symptoms that require you to stay in the hospital longer. you to stay in the hospital longer.

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How is Anemia TreatedHow is Anemia Treated??

Iron supplement of 60 to 120 mg a day or Iron supplement of 60 to 120 mg a day or more more

Take your iron pills with water or orange Take your iron pills with water or orange juice (the vitamin C helps with absorption)juice (the vitamin C helps with absorption)

Do not take with milk (calcium hinders Do not take with milk (calcium hinders absorption)absorption)

Avoid antacids that contain calcium Avoid antacids that contain calcium Avoid Avoid tea and coffee tea and coffee

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How is Anemia TreatedHow is Anemia Treated?? Eat a healthy diet that Eat a healthy diet that

includes plenty of includes plenty of iron-rich foods iron-rich foods

Red meat is a good Red meat is a good sourcesource

Non-animal iron-rich Non-animal iron-rich foods include;foods include;

Beans Beans Tofu Tofu Raisins Raisins PrunesPrunes Potatoes (leave the Potatoes (leave the

skins on)skins on)

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Broccoli Broccoli Beets Beets Leafy green vegetables Leafy green vegetables Whole-grain breads, molassesWhole-grain breads, molasses Iron-fortified cereals Iron-fortified cereals

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Food Sources of Folate Include;Food Sources of Folate Include;

Leafy, dark green vegetables Leafy, dark green vegetables Dried beans and peas Dried beans and peas Citrus fruits and juices and most berries Citrus fruits and juices and most berries Fortified breakfast cereals Fortified breakfast cereals Enriched grain products Enriched grain products

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THANK YOU! THANK YOU!