- 1. ANESTHESIA Claro M. Isidro md
2. Anesthesia
- Adequate muscle relaxation
Analgesia
- Loss of sensation to pain
3. Types of Anesthetics :
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- Reversible loss of consciousness
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- Reversible loss of pain sensation
4. GENERAL ANESTHETICS:
5. STAGES OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA (Guedel)
- Stage II: Excitement/ Delirium
- Stage III: Surgical Anesthesia
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- Plane I: reg. breathingloss of eyemovement
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- Plane II initiation of IC muscle paralysis
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- Plane III:completion ICM paralysis
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- Plane IV:diaphragmatic paralysis
- Stage IV: Medullary Paralysis
6.
- tension (partial pressure) in the braindepth
- tension in this tissuesrate of induction and recovery
- Flow of anesthetic during induction:
- AnesthesiaLungsArterialBrain &
GENERAL ANESTHETICS: 7.
- To achieve a constant and optimal brain partial pressure of the
inhaled anesthetic
GENERAL ANESTHETICS: 8.
GENERAL ANESTHETICS: UPTAKE 9.
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- Concentration of the anestheticagent in the inspired gas
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- Transfer ofanesthetic gasesfrom alveoli to blood
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- rate of pulmonary blood flow
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- partial pressure in the alveoli andmixed venous blood
GENERAL ANESTHETICS: UPTAKE 10. GENERAL ANESTHETICS: SOLUBILITY
Partition Coefficient Blood:Gas Brain:Blood Soluble Methoxyflurane
12 2 Intermediate Halothane 2.4 1.9 Enflurane 1.9 1.5 Isoflurane
1.4 1.6 Poorly soluble Nitrous Oxide 0.46 1.1 Desflurane 0.42 1.3
Sevoflurane 0.59 1.7 11.
- As a rule, the more soluble an anesthetic in the blood the more
of it must be dissolved to raise the partial pressure.
12.
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- Concentration of the anestheticagent in the inspired gas
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- Transfer ofanesthetic gasesfrom alveoli to blood
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- rate of pulmonary blood flow
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- partial pressure in the alveoli andmixed venous blood
GENERAL ANESTHETICS: UPTAKE 13. GENERAL ANESTHETICS: UPTAKE
- Circulatory or Distribution Phase
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- tissue:blood solubility coefficient
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- Vessel-Rich group 75% of CO