Ang Mo Kio, Urban Farming and Recycle, to Reuse Material

National University of Singapore

Ang Mo Kio, Urban Farming and Recycle, to Reuse Material Sustainable Neighborhood Development

Butte Hemant Madhukar A0094067Y, Nikhila K N A0093776M, Ramanathan Subramanian A0094084B

11/23/2012

2 Ang Mo Kio, Urban Farming and Recycle to Reuse Materials Sustainable Neighborhood Development.

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: .................................................................................................................................................. 3

CHARACTER DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 4

Lily Loo: Teacher ............................................................................................................................................. 4

Yim Siew Lan: Fashion Designer ...................................................................................................................... 7

SITE SELECTION: ................................................................................................................................................ 10

LITERATURE REVIEW and PHILOSOPHY: ........................................................................................................... 12

BACKCASTING SITE PROPOSAL 20-10 YEARS .................................................................................................... 13

Urban Greenery: ........................................................................................................................................... 15

Human Comfort: ........................................................................................................................................... 16

Industrial Ecology: ......................................................................................................................................... 16

BACK-CASTING TEACHER 10-0 YEARS ........................................................................................................... 18

BACK-CASTING FASHION DESIGNER 10-0 YEARS .......................................................................................... 22

CONCLUSION: .................................................................................................................................................... 27

Bibliography: ................................................................................................................................................. 28

Figure 1: Lily Loo Backcasting Flow Chart ............................................................................................................... 6

Figure 2: YSL's Backcasting Flow Chart ................................................................................................................... 9

Figure 3: Design Neighborhood, Existing Zones ................................................................................................... 11

Figure 4: Neighborhood Concept Plan .................................................................................................................. 13

Figure 5: School in Hong Kong .............................................................................................................................. 13

Figure 6: Bag using household recycle material ................................................................................................... 13

Figure 7: recycled plastic accessories ................................................................................................................... 15

Figure 8: Before and After interventions image of Ang Mo Kio, Singapore ......................................................... 16

Figure 9: Principle of cradle to cradle ................................................................................................................... 17

Figure 10: Usage of Electronic waste produced by Small Scale Industries ........................................................... 17

Figure 11: Concept Plan Site 2T ............................................................................................................................ 19

Figure 12: Roof Garden Detail ............................................................................................................................... 20

Figure 13: Concept Plan Site 1T ............................................................................................................................ 21

Figure 14: Intial 10 years flow chart of Lily Loo, Teacher ..................................................................................... 22

Figure 15: Phase 2, Concept Plan .......................................................................................................................... 22

Figure 16: Fashion Designer Interventions ........................................................................................................... 23

Figure 17: Fashion designer 10 years .................................................................................................................... 24

Figure 18: Intial 10 Years Flow Chart of YSL's, Fashion Designer .......................................................................... 26


INTRODUCTION:

This report is a holistic understanding of two different characters, Lily Loo a

teacher and Yie Siew Lan a fashion designer and their collaborations in Ang Mo Kio

neighborhood. This report paints a clear picture of getting these two characters to

their desired state in a selected neighborhood from year 2012 to year 2032.

The achievement of the characters for 20 years is understood by plotting their

ideas through back-casting. Beginning with the character understanding and their

goals to the future, this report has a practice approach in reaching their targets

with their right decisions made with supportive policy incorporated.

The narrative of this report is structured back-casting every 5 years. This process

helped us to understand the connection between the future and the present state

of combined achievements on the 3 bottom lines of sustainable development

namely social, economic and environment. The level of sustainability that can be

achieved 20 years from now through marrying principles and ideals of the Teacher

Lilly Loo and Fashion Designer YSL was identified, followed by employing the

process of back casting to define the intermediate stages that the process of

sustainable development has to process to reach the set Vision.

Through this process, individual interests and intents were stitched from end of

five years and rest between the two characters, the pragmatic levels of

intermediate sustainable development were developed as a framework, the

challenges at various stages were identified and methods for overcoming them

were also clearly thought out. Thus this design narrative of a sustainable concept

plan was developed for a neighborhood scale with varied mixed land-use and their

implementation in building, neighborhood and city scale. These programs and

their process were incorporated to the site context.


CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

L ILY LOO : TEACHER

Lily Loo turned 28 years old in year 2012. She is a enthusiastic women believe

strongly in importance of culture, tradition and environment. To nourish and

nurture her passion, she chose to be a teacher as a means to expand her

principles and knowledge. This was a very easy decision to take as she grew up in

a family, whose were practicing teaching as their profession for three generations.

Lily Loo’s father was a professor in National University of Singapore in Faculty of

art and social science. His research interest included family, demography and

inequality clusters. He practiced his profession even at home by educating his

neighbors about family and its importance. As in 1990’s while Singapore was

evolving, government took initiative in improving the technologies (Singapore

Metropolitan Economic Strategy Report, 2004), in the process the tradition and

culture took a back seat. Her mother was an art school graduate teaching local art

and craft for the secondary school children in Boon Lay.

Present interest:

Lily Loo, was inspired by her parents passion to their work. To enhance the

expertise of her parents work in the society she had strategic choice of subjects

included, national education and geography. As a student she attended sessions in

learning cultural and traditional aspects of Singapore to emphasize her interests.

She is a favorite teacher as she brings in the factor of inspiration to her students,

in 5 years of her experience. She has gained attention from many institutions in

Singapore and across Asia for her work related to a social situation “technology

being an issue in current generation” and also been invited to present her works

for kids under 18 years old in schools as well as for parents. Her mission at end of

her every presentation is, to bring awareness in students for traditional art and

community involvement.

Lily Loo’s moral fiber of being explicit and interacted in social aspects took up this

opportunity to volunteer in local NGO called “Youth Leader – The Asian Region”.

She is also active and keeps herself busy by frequently conducting cultural tours

for children and foreign guests at locations around Singapore which included Fort

canning Park and National Museum.


Future Desires:

Her future plans before she reaches 48 in the year 2024 is, to improve the social

condition of the society in terms of use of technologies in kids under 18 and

instead involving them in out-door or community activity. The followings are her

priorities to achieve:

To collaborate and establish an organization, with objective being to enhance the

interest of social wellbeing in societies of Asia. To achieve this at the scale of Asia

organization needs to be initiated in Singapore. She would like to name the center

called “Loo’s flowers” using her family name. Since, Singapore is a Country for an

easy implementation of high influential people.

She is looking for a successful growth of 10 branches in Singapore, since Singapore

has 5 districts and each having 2 of her centers. She also intends to have her

hands on the educational board to amend the system of education and be

determined it to achieve the full security and support for her “Loo’s flowers”

organization from a government body. Else the process of achieving the success of

“Loo’s Flower” will be longer and frustrated. As the other challenges, to be her

new married life with kids, to have a safe journey and have a balance between

personal and professional life. By Lily being on the board of education system it

will be easy to have approval from the government system. In future her

aspiration continues to build schools for underprivileged in parts of Asia. Her

model of school will be followed by “Green School” in Indonesia.

Green School intends to provide a natural, holistic and student centered

education for kids of age group less than 18. As this school has been awarded as,

“2012 Greenest School on Earth” from U.S Green Building Council (Green School,

2012). Lily is looking forward for her schools as her long-term achievements; to

enrich her teaching experience as well as to showcase it to the world as a best

edutainment system.

To having Lily Loo achieve her goal the flow chart analyses was processed using

methodology of back-casting. On the basses of physical, social and economical

aspects are achieved in four phases, starting from year 2012 to 2016, 2017 to

2021, 2022 to 2026 and 2027 to 2032 on a community garden, small community

land, Initiating a school and start of International Eco- School respectively. These

physical developments are connected with social and economic parameters to the

YSL’s development strategy.


FIGURE 1: LILY LOO BACKCASTING FLOW CHART


Y IM S IEW LAN : FASHION DESIGNER

Yim Siew Lan she turned 30 in 2012, with 2 kids Pinky and Rosy of 2 year and 1

year old respectively. Mr. Lan is a very supportive husband with a business

background. YSL's works are well known in Singapore for her innovative and

boldness in all her designs. Her inspiration was works of Salvador Dali, was a well

know artist of his period. His creative ideas were adopted in Sculptures, Theatre

and film, fashion and photography, architecture, graphic art (Dali, 2004).

YSL's parents are from medicine background, her father practices in Thye Hua

Kwan Hospital, in Ang Mo Kio as a Chief Doctor he is cardio specialist for 20 years.

Mother is a general practitioner has a home clinic. They were very active in

community organizations and were very sensitive for the issues occurred in the

neighborhood. since YSL was involved in community activities with her parents

from her childhood days in looking at community issues YSL's parents

understood her interests at very young age for arts, they were very encouraging

to let her follow her passion.

Present Interest:

She has her special interest in community work, she is been part of since her

young age. With her inspiration being Dali, she tries to utilize his principles of

using her artistic ideas in different perspective involving community. She is an

ambassador to endorse the fashion statement within and amongst the different

communities. Since 2010 she has started an organization called "Lan's Art", this

organization includes community involvement in nation development through

fabric and design workshops organized at various stages starting from playschools

till corporate/ community clubs.

YSL is been growing strong and recognized globally because of her strong design

ideas that have close cultural, regional or local flavor embedded into the western

fashion arena. One of her current challenge is to involve community to design

costumes for Miss Universe Singapore 2013. Her hobbies are to take these kinds

of unusual challenges; she would like to build a platform to have an active

participation with community by creating workshops. Participates engaged are in

these workshops are from school students to adults, to have a fine standard in

this organization program she also involved in bring awareness in stakeholders at

different scale. Fashion being her interest is used as an effective tool to carry

forward her interest for community belongingness from local to a global arena.


Future Desires:

20 Years from now by 2032, as there would be drastic change in the technological

advancements; the situation would demand her to improve the community

interaction local artists and designers in trying to create an identity for them

locally and globally. Her interest is to educate and empower local people to

establish own business in brandings and exports.

YSL's research includes reuse of materials produced by local industries and to

utilize them as accessories and other design elements for her clothing. This is her

step to make effective use of inland waste and recycling materials from industry.

This would also be streamlined in similar line to direct the usable waste materials

in fabric manufacturing and also in designing trendy clothes according to seasons

by setting a message of sustainability in reuse of material in her products, this

would bring a change on the resource consumption by affecting the

environmental well being of the community.

YSL’s another desire is to produce raw materials for her product to fulfill the

community demands as much as possible to improve the overall livability of Ang

Mo Kio and in-turn Singapore. Benefiting to obtain the raw materials required for

fabric manufacturing units in Singapore rather than importing them. This

increases the employment in local people and an additional income to the

Singapore government that can be spent for the overall community activities.

To having YSL achieve her goal the flow chart analyses was processed using

methodology of back-casting. On the basses of physical, social and economical

aspects achieved in four phases starting from year 2012 to 2016, 2017 to 2021,

2022 to 2026 and 2027 to 2032 on a physical aspect of reduce waste, market

creation, neighborhood industry, initiating a company and her Material reuse in

fashion accessories and eco-fabric Industry respectively. These physical

developments are connected with social and economic parameters to the YSL’s

development strategy.


FIGURE 2: YSL'S BACKCASTING FLOW CHART

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Ang Mo Kio, Urban Farming and Recycle to Reuse Materials Sustainable Neighborhood Development.

SITE SELECTION:

By understand the future goals of Lily Loo and Yim Siew Lan we have identified

neighborhood “Ang Mo Kio”. The reason to choose this neighborhood is to utilize

and integrate existing Infrastructures includes physical and social accepts. As well

as to enhance selected neighborhood to its desired future by combining the ideas

of both characters described above.

Ang Mo Kio is one of the “heartland” neighborhoods in Singapore. Planned and

developed in the 1970s, it has quintessential Housing and Development Board

(HDB), good hawker food, strong social relationships and small businesses with

shops that have been operating since the town was built (Heritage Trail, 2009).

Before the housing was established, this area was largely covered with secondary

forests, swamps and farmland. In 1936 map this land is marked as a forest reserve

(Heritage Trail, 2009). One of the earliest references to this area is in an 1849, the

name Ang Mo Kio was earlier called as Amokiah and was changed in 1990 (J T

Thomson, 1821-1884). Ang Mo Kio remains as one of the older and more

provincial and partial areas of Singapore and in less demographically cosmopolitan

than some of the newer estates.

Ang Mo Kio in Singapore is centrally situated on island, close to nature reserve.

The strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of locating this site is describes

below. This neighborhood has area of 21,000 sqkm, about 10,000 sqkm is

dedicated for industrial land-use. 5,000 sqkm for School and rest of the land area

is residential land use. The site is understood clearly on a basis’s of SWOT

analysis. Night temperature is this area is 25 degree centigrade where as in CBD

and Jurong is 28 and 24 degree centigrade respectively (Jusuj et al.2007). This site

has relative less pollution than CBD.

A. Singapore map locating Ang Mo Kio

B. URA map

C. Ang Mo Kio, locating the designed neighborhood

A B C

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FIGURE 3: DESIGN NEIGHBORHOOD, EXISTING ZONES

Strength Weakness Opportunity Threats Close to nature

reserve.

High potential

of water

source for

food

production.

Available open

land area.

Less pedestrian

connectivity.

Underutilized of

water source.

No organized

community

space

Has small

scale and

large scale

industries.

To dedicate

community

space.

High

influence for

students.

Excess of

productive

land use can

lose the

potential of

land

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LITERATURE REVIEW AND PHILOSOPHY:

The following are the principles and policies employed through the master plan

generation for the neighborhood scale.

The Hannover principles

1. Insist on rights of humanity and nature to co-exist

2. Recognize interdependence.

3. Respect relationships between spirit and matter.

4. Accept responsibility for the consequences of design

5. Create safe objects of long-term value

6. Eliminate the concept of waste

7. Rely on natural energy flows

8. Understand the limitations of design

9. Seek constant improvement by the sharing of knowledge.

The Industrial Ecology Concepts of bio-centric, bio-mimicry and resource and

material flow loops etc sustainable development through industrial ecology

strategies

1. Pollution prevention

2. Waste minimization

3. Source reduction

4. Total quality environmental management (TQEM)

5. Cleaner production

6. Eco towns/ eco industrial parks

7. Green chemistry etc

The 6 governing principles of sustainable design

1. Respect for the wisdom of natural systems – the bio-mimicry principle,

2. Respect for people – the human vitality principle,

3. Respect for place – the ecosystem/bio-region principle,

4. Respect for the cycle of life – the “seven generations” principle,

Respect for energy and natural resources – the conservation and renewable

resources principle respect for process – the holistic thinking principle

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BACKCASTING SITE PROPOSAL 20-10 YEARS

FIGURE 4: NEIGHBORHOOD CONCEPT PLAN

At the end of 20 years, Lily Loo’s International Eco-School will be operated with

her endorsement of urban farming and sustainable living. YSL’s eco material

recycles and reuse will be generating profit for the future expansion. Since this

development was a joint venture between the two characters, they would have

set their main hub for their activities, at the south east location of the

neighborhood. 75% of the land will be for Eco-school and 25% of the land is for

the material recycle and reuse workshop.

The principles of Eco- School are, to deliver a generation of global citizens for

knowledgeable about and inspired to take responsibility for the sustainability of

the world (Green School, 2012). The dedicated activity for this land is cultivating

vegetables and fruits that are part of regular diet and local art making, with

recycled materials from industries as well as household used items. The students

and parents are experienced the adaptive living with nature, as well as the

interdependency with nature and local culture. The school offers students to carry

their favorite sapling home to continue the process of urban greenery at their

living as well. The HDB housings around this area are asked, their residents to

permit access to their terrace to continue the culture of practicing active green. In

the HDB housing the active green is carried out in terrace as well as the

underutilized open areas on ground. In all the HDB premises there will be an area

dedicated to for the recycle material workshop. These materials can be from the

FIGURE 5: SCHOOL IN

HONG KONG SOURCE: DEVELOPMENT BUREAU ,

HONG KONG , 2012

S

O

U

R

C

E

:

D

E

V

E

L

O

P

M

E

FIGURE 6: BAG USING

HOUSEHOLD RECYCLE

MATERIAL SOURCE: DEVELOPMENT BUREAU ,

HONG KONG , 2012

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household use as well as from the nearby industry. The household recycle

materials can be used for making small elements regular used like pen stand, bags

and others. There will be an expertise visiting these HDB’s every weekend to

conduct the work shop form YSL’s institute.

This practice will increase the urban greenery plot ratio with the factor of

community gathering. Hence the school becomes the platform or the catalyst for

spreading the practice of urban greenery. Urban greenery is also a practice of

spreading the awareness of having healthy food and educating the users about

process of cultivation.

This neighborhood in Ang Mo Kio is rich in electronic industries. Wastes generated

by these industries are plastic and ferrous metals.23 % of waste generated in

Singapore is plastic, is disposed every year (Zerowastesg, 2011) and 11% is ferrous

metals is recycled. YSL takes this as a challenge to recycle these disposed plastic

to utilize in her workshops in an effective way. Some of the plastics are utilized in

making the planter boxes, some are sold and some are given away for the HDB’s

to encourage usage of waste material as well as urban agriculture. This is using

the principles of interdependence as well as reducing the waste disposal.

Policies for urban community farming at the residence scale:

1. One square of the plot is 25 m2, dedicated for each family with more than 8

saplings is the process of mixed production system. They also have the option

of using special production is the space dedicated for one type of plant.

2. For the plot size of 2.25 m2, for the family having less than 2 saplings for 5

days or more. They will have to share their cultivating area with other

neighbors. This benefits that any one of the family members have to water

both the set of plants.

3. This water of plants will take place every day for at least 1 hour 7 am to 8 am

or 5 pm to 6 pm only, the time slot is before or after working hours in

Singapore. This could also be the platform for people in the community to

exchange of knowledge.

4. Rain water Harvesting, HDB roofs cultivating active urban greenery will have

permission to harvest on rain water for the direct use of watering the plants.

Every 100 m2 will have 100 l of rain water harvesting. Exceeding water can be

channelized to central water collection network.

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Policies for Recycle materials at the residence scale:

1. The waste generated by the houses like newspapers, plastic bottles, glass

bottles, plastic boxes. Have to be examined for its condition, the

successful items like plastic materials have to be reused by the consumers

of by the company. Paper materials should be processed and recycled for

its effortless usage.

2. The biological wastes from the household have to be utilized for biogas

plant around the neighborhood to produce electricity and the left out as

fertilizers.

3. The plastic and ferrous metals waste produced in the neighborhood like

computers, laptops, Televisions, refrigerator, chairs and tables. Over

period for the constant flow of plastic into the system can be sold out as

souvenirs to tourist as Singapore is the Asia’s Central Hub for tourism

industry.

Benefits of the above interventions results in following effects

URBAN GREENERY :

Lily Loo’s interventions of active green in the neighborhood with some of the

policies mentioned can have successful urban greenery with communal activity.

This green is the land area that is under used in premises of private property or in

the public spaces next to footpath. On the whole any area under green plot ratio

can be certified to have active green practiced.

Apart from the land urban farming can be practiced even on the roof tops as well

as in the different floor levels for individual household level. Figure 7, gives a clear

picture of Ang Mo Kio neighborhood in 2012 and anticipate being in 2032 after

undergoing the practice of active green at building and community level.

FIGURE 7: RECYCLED PLASTIC

ACCESSORIES

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FIGURE 8: BEFORE AND AFTER INTERVENTIONS IMAGE OF ANG MO KIO, SINGAPORE

HUMAN COMFORT :

The urban greenery on roof tops will increase green plot ratio reducing the heat

island effect in the region. This also increases the thermal mass on buildings,

increasing the time lap of heat transmission from air temperature to ambient

temperature. This in turn affects the energy consumption pattern in households

and other commercial spaces.

INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY :

The bio-degradable waste from house-holds units are collected from all the floors

into a bio gas plant. At communities scale in the center of couple of HDB blocks.

The waste collected to these plant also include form the bins as well as

horticultural waste from trees as well as agricultural waste from active greens

space. Is sent to bio-gas plant to generate electricity for the HDB apartments this

could be a small amount of deficit on the electricity board for Singapore. The

secondary use of the bio-gas plant is by using the residues from the plant will be

utilized as fertilizer for urban farming. These plants are edibles consumed by the

house-hold and the process starts again, this is the process of cradle to cradle.

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FIGURE 9: PRINCIPLE OF CRADLE TO CRADLE

Waste from small scale industries in the area,

The industries present in this are small scale industries produces electronic waste.

The electronic waste has the maximum composition of plastic and ferrous metal.

The plastic waste produced is used in fashion industry and partly for making the

planter boxes for HDB’s. The ferrous metals produced are used in manufacturing

public infrastructure like seating and shelter for pedestrianize walkways. These

are the infrastructure used for connecting the network between the work stations

in the neighborhood.

FIGURE 10: USAGE OF ELECTRONIC WASTE PRODUCED BY SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

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BACK-CASTING TEACHER 10-0 YEARS

At the end of 10 years, The Lily Loo will be potentially developing in the area 2,

she will take the land on 50 years lease registered in the name of organization.

The responsibility of buying the land will be shared, Lily Loo and YSL by

administration and financially respectively, following the Hannover principles of

accepting the responsibility for the consequences of design (McDonough,1992).

The land agreement between Lily Loo and YSL is, Lily Loo produces the raw

materials for YSL products. The potential of this piece of land has the water

channel running in the periphery. Lily has decided to utilize YSL’s in creating

Bishan’s experience addition to her other principle, respect relationship between

spirit and matter (McDonough,1992) . Where part of the land will be active green

and other will be communal gathering along the water body.

Lily Loo another challenge in phase 2 will be to produce raw materials of fabric

which she chooses silk and cotton to harvest. Since the 2 fabric material has high

economic value. She would start to understand the process of harvesting silk and

cotton, following her principles set in phase 1. For the land of 2000 m2, 25% of

land produces cotton and 25% silk with rest being her traditional food crops.

The cotton crop is a small shrubbery crop, source of many important products

other than fabric. Especially the cotton seeds which is pressed for cottonseed oil

used in commercial products salad oils, snack food, cosmetics, soaps, candles,

detergents and paints. The hulls and meals are used for animal feed. Cotton is also

a source for cellulose products, fertilizers, fuel, automobile tire cord, pressed

paper and cardboards. This crop is very well fits in the principles of eliminating the

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concept of waste from Hannover principle (McDonough,1992). 340 kgs of cotton

is produced in an acre of land. Since cotton requires maximum amount of pest

control devices Lily chooses to use organic way of controlling the pests. Biological

control to rid cotton from pests and alter planting patterns to reduce fungicide

(Advameb,2012).

To sericulture or silk farming fabric requires very less space to grow but need

more area for manufacturing. The characteristic of the silk farming is it is labor

intensive and short time harvest, Assures employment in the neighborhood in

supporting the economic status. One cocoon can produce 0.5 kg of silk

(Advameb,2012). For the infrastructure development for the silk will be

dependent on YSL where as the administration will be governed by Lily. The

economic value for the sericulture is 628 USD/acre. Cocoon production per acre is

211 kg in 2008-2009 (PPLPI, July 2009).

In this phase the most important infrastructure investment is water management

from the channel will have a major role in community gathering from the

industrial as well as from residential land-use. This water channel runs for 1 km,

will be transformed to naturalized river along with community space. This project

is part of Active, Beautiful, Clean Water (ABC water) programme. The function of

water body is beyond their functions of drainage and water supply, into vibrant,

new space for community bonding recreation (Atelier Dreiseitl,2012). Below are

the few of the potential examples of the Bishan Park, Singapore.

Source: Bishan Park and Kallang River, Singepore, PUB/ Dreiseitl, 2012

Concept Plan for Site 2T:

Blue is the water management for the site

2.1 is the built infrastructure for sericulture processing

2.2 is harvest type 1 for fashion industry; eg: Cotton and Silk

2.3 is harvest type 2 for urban and pre-urban diet requirement; eg: vegetables and

fruits

FIGURE 11: CONCEPT PLAN

SITE 2T

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MOU

1. Is the agreement between Lily Loo and YSL for the site 2, Mrs. Lily Loo, teacher is

taking the responsibility of administration and raw mater production for the

fashion industry that is cotton and silk.

2. Mrs. YSL, fashion designer is responsible for purchasing of land for cultivation

and to build a sericulture infrastructure to process the silk worm.

At the end of 5 years, Lily Loo has set strong base line principles in producing her

own crops. In her first site, at the end of the 0-5 year achievement, she has well

established in her strategies of food crop production and minimal sets of making it

commercial. This activity of urban agriculture got attention of her students and

faculties, even from the neighboring school. She organized weekend workshop as

an awareness program. The Anderson Junior College, administrative was very

supportive to Lily Loo in starting a new kind of teaching kids of producing their

own crops in limited area of land. This act of her made her popular across the

neighborhood.

Her initial interest of producing food crops to satisfy the urban and pre-urban diet

requirements. The crops include root crops, vegetables, grains, mushrooms and

fruits like bananas, pineapple and grapes. These are produced on the empty and

underused lands in the poly university. This phase she tries out three main

production system that is, by (Vagneron et al. 2002).

I. Specialized production system, devoted to single crop like rice, fruits and

vegetables.

II. Mixed production system, combination of two main crops.

III. Hybrid production system, combination of two or more main crops and

Poultry.

The systems of mixed production and hybrid production, the crops are selected to

share or to have and interchange of nitrogen and other chemical content by their

life cycle process using the Hannover 3rd principle of recognizing interdependence

(Advameb, 2012). Below are the some of the potential examples for the site 1

proposal for Anderson Junior College.

A B C

FIGURE 12: ROOF GARDEN DETAIL

Source: Safeguard making buildings dry Source: Safeguard Europe Limited

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A. Wendell Berry Community Garden

B. In Chicago for Green City Market

C. RDA pilots urban farm initiative for land bank, Philadelphia

Terrace Gardens

Terrace gardens spaces in school premises, are used as active green as a part of

the edutainment program. This facility increases the social aspects by creating an

extra space for edutainment, as well as creating thermal mass on the roof tops,

helping to reduce the AC load in internal space of the school, optimizing human

comfort. The detail of the thermal / roof garden is mentioned below.

Concept Plan for Site 1T:

Blue is the water management for the site

2.4 is Special Production

2.5 is Mixed Production

MOU

1. The agreement between Lily Loo and Aderson Junior college administration, for

conducting an edutainment program for the students of Anderson Junior college.

The overall understanding of first 10 years of achievement of Lily loo is replicated

in this flow chart below. Following the ideas of Inputs required for the

development on the base of Natural, Physical, Human, Financial and Social. The

development followed by the interventions could be implemented by Lily Loo’s

interest resulting on reasonable output for an specified neighborhood at

ecological, economical and social phenomenon.

FIGURE 13: CONCEPT PLAN

SITE 1T

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FIGURE 14: INTIAL 10 YEARS FLOW CHART OF LILY LOO, TEACHER

BACK-CASTING FASHION DESIGNER 10-0 YEARS

FIGURE 15: PHASE 2, CONCEPT PLAN

At the end of 10 years, the small scale industry that was started to process and

recycle the waste from the industrial units at the site location 1 (refer, Figure 11)

will be constituted into be a Public owned entity at location 2,( refer, Figure 11).

The criteria for selecting these two sites are:

1. Within the industrial premises.

2. Easy to process electronic waste.

3. Reduce the transportation distance.

4. Separation of hazardous waste away from the residential land use.

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The existing infrastructure, marketing and distribution and communication other

physical networks are used with creation of a new networks through the green

corridors for connectivity of pedestrians within the site. The Industrial Ecology

concepts of cleaner production, material and energy flow transformations have

been employed to improve the production process of the Industries. The small

scale unit is started amongst the residential plot, if the Industries produce less

harmful wastes (qualitatively and quantitatively). Also for the residents to be

aware of the nature of waste produced and its recycled procedure followed by the

Hannover principles of accepting the responsibility for the consequences of design

(McDonough,1992).

YSL work with the support of Lilly Loo to unite people through the framework

established for Public Private Partnership (PPP) (Singapore, Public Private

Partnership, 2010), the funding for scaling up the operations from the recycled

material used accessories for fashionable material production will be improvised

to include the workability for expanding into a processing hub for fabrics, through

importing of raw materials from neighboring nations like Indonesia and Malaysia.

The processed fabrics can be predominantly used for the local needs and also

export the surplus production. Thus the existing networks of distribution/

marketing can be used to reach out with the message of green fashion addition to

her other principle, respect relationship between spirit and matter (McDonough,

1992). Where part of the land will be active green and other will be communal

gathering along the water body.

YSL will help in educating the principles of eliminating waste from Hannover

principle (McDonough,1992) is educated to improve skill level of the workers that

were as semi skilled and skilled will be improved to Professional expertise’s

through the technological inclusions for fresh fabric processing. This will create a

business model for sell funding the process through the profits through inland

sales and exports to the neighboring nations. YSL and Loo will be creating Eco-

Industrial Parks/ Districts that work as per the principles of cleaner production,

source reduction, waste minimization and total quality environmental

management.

The overall interventions will influence Human comfort and urban greenery.

Human Comfort is a highly complex and diverse phenomenon is dependent on the

various parameters with a social context, it is defined that includes Issues of

lifestyle, fashion, convention, obligation and convenience, influence expectations

of Human comfort and principles governing them. The overall Human Comfort

Level at the Neighborhood scale has improved through employment opportunities

24


for Job satisfaction, guaranteed work, and betterment in livability of the place,

urban green and allied ecological services creating and improving the

microclimate and the economic stability through new business creations. The

process flow the 6 governing principles of sustainable design, is people and

resource centric, and employs the Industrial ecology concepts to mimic the

resilient natural phenomenon’s to the man made processes.

In this phase the most important infrastructure investment is in technology and

concepts of waste reduction, the infrastructure of connectivity between the

industries through covered walkways. This integrates YSL and Lilly Loo on finding

the reuse for the metal waste for structure and Loo’s eco fabric for the overhead

covering for the walkways (needs more expansion on the example like material

uses). The third and most important intervention is to create a local and

international market for the Eco-fabric and fashion accessories and to

commercialize the concept as a pragmatic business model to support Lilly Loo’s

intent of urban green. In addition to creating eco fabrics like silk and wool by YSL,

the infrastructure and urban green agenda helps in also considering Bamboo as it

can try to target and reduce the identified Industrial cluster of Paper Industry,

Packaging Industry etc.

Connectivity and Infrastructure for Plantation and Processing are the Concepts for

the Site

1 and 2, is the built infrastructure and technology for Eco- Fabric Processing

2.2 is to build connectivity infrastructure between the Industrial corridors.

MOU 1. The agreement between YSL, Lilly Loo, Government and the Industrial

cluster. This multi lateral agreement clearly defines the roles of the stakeholders as economic, environmental and social aspects.

2. YSL and Lilly Loo share an agreement for financial inflow from YSL’s eco fabric market commercialization.

At the end of 5 years, the target area is the Industrial cluster of site 1 as per the

map and YSL’s initial intervention of having to improve the business as usual

scenario in the Industries. To make the industries more resource and energy

efficient will result in structuring a small pilot project of using the scraps, recycled

and reusable materials to create fabric and fashion accessories that at the vicinity

of the Industrial operations. Understanding the inherent principles of the

limitations of the design (Hannover Principle), accordingly track the energy and

material flows for optimization of waste generation. Sustainable Production and

FIGURE 17: FASHION DESIGNER

10 YEARS

25


Consumption (Rio-2012) concepts for sustainable design will also be employed to

account for the MRP/ PRP (manufacturing/ Process resource planning).

The Land and the financial resources required would be depended on the

individual’s funding and also the Industries effectively pooling in collectively to

process the waste. YSL will approach the National Institute of Education will also

pool-in the initial seed money through the research grants (UNESCO-NIE Centre

for Arts Research and Education). In these initial stages of inception, the body

would be majorly owed by the Industrial cohort and also limited share holdings

will be by the fashion designer and her consortium of likeminded people. YSL

educates the concepts and principles of Respect for people and respect for place

ad a need for respect for the cycle of life are the sustainable principles that are

backed at this conceptualizing stage.

Respect for Holistic thinking (6 governing principles of sustainable design) is

initiated through the social efforts of finding a need to educate the community

through the skills development for the local workforce, the immediate neighbor’s

awareness generation on the sustainability of products and the concepts of

Industrial ecology for improved process operations. YSL educates these principles

through brainstorming different stakeholders like the fashion students and

faculty, immediate neighbors, the Industrial managements etc, thus making a

community interaction on a multidisciplinary scale to gather both qualitative and

quantitative data for process improvement. YSL helps the Industrial and

residential community in understanding the life cycle operability and challenges

are the critical issues for structuring the plan for a longer time frame but with a

looser fit- provision to adapt to the changes with lighter modifications.

Human comfort issues of the immediate employment/ intermediate financial

support, improving the place, closing the resource loops and bridging the gaps

between the various stakeholders etc will be identified and worked upon as the

crux of this 5 year plan. The Urban greenery and the extent to which it influence

the state and mind of the people and place are also closely monitored. The

relationship between the Urban and the nature are tailored to improve the

resilience effect of the process on the environment, thereby the harsh effects of

the manmade processes are nullified on a longer run.

Concept Plan for Site 1F:

The concept for this initial stage includes identifying potentials for waste recycling

and also possible locations for Eco-fabric plantation

26


1 (Refer, figure 15) is the built infrastructure and technology for Waste to fashion

accessories and manufacturing

2 (Refer, figure 15) is Identify potential sites for eco-plantation and processing

units

MOU 1. The agreement between YSL and Industrial units for Land lease,

Technology transfer to other developed nations on waste processing, and skilled labor training for waste to fashion accessories generation.

The overall understanding of first 10 years of achievement of YSL’s is replicated in

this flow chart below. Following the ideas of Inputs required for the development

on the base of Natural, Physical, Human, Financial and Social. The development

followed by the interventions could be implemented by YSL’s interest resulting on

reasonable output for a selected neighborhood at ecological, economical and social

phenomenon.

FIGURE 18: INTIAL 10 YEARS FLOW CHART OF YSL'S, FASHION DESIGNER

27


CONCLUSION:

The concept plan aimed at identifying challenges, suggesting pragmatic ways of

reaching the set intermediate sustainability levels at every 5 year intervals. The

outcome from the process was to visualize a sustainable development for the

neighborhood level. The understanding from the neighborhood scale design

requirements to be applied from the building scale to include the sustainable

design principles. This process of approach can be used to influence the building

level programs, functions space allocations and also the building designs to match

the social context of ageing, healthcare, and child care etc by involving in

communal activities.

These learning can also be influenced on to the city scale by considering the city to

be pockets of smaller manageable neighborhoods with varied mixed activities and

diverse culture. Each of these individual units needs to be addressed with the

unique challenges and approach at various priorities like land-use, resource

allocation, connectivity, dependency of activities, and proximity from land-uses,

lifestyle, and cultural activity. In the process of sustainable development trying to

identify the strengths, converting the threats and weaknesses into opportunities

for continuous improvement makes the process of Sustainable Development an

iterative process with varied level of sustainability.

On an overall understanding the scales of interventions from building to

neighborhood and city scenarios, is not a limitation for the sustainable design

process but should be considered as a continuously process of improvement to

including the multi disciplinary approaches to the development like Industrial

ecology, sociology and economics.

28


B IBLIOGRAPHY :

1. 2004 under the Best Sourcing framework- PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

HANDBOOK, VERSION 2, March 2012

2. Industrial ecology in the strategic sustainable development model: strategic

applications of industrial ecology- Jouni Korhonen, 2004

3. 6 governing principles of sustainable design -Philosophies of Sustainable Design,

2006- Jason F. MCLENNAN

4. UNESCO-NIE Centre for Arts Research and Education –

http://www.nie.edu.sg/office-education-research/grant-application

5. http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Cotton.html#b

6. http://www.sustainablesouthsound.org/2012/05/meeting-draws-urban-

agriculture-advocates/

7. http://cutandfill.blogspot.sg/2008/08/chicago-urban-farming.html

8. http://www.cityparksphila.org/news/from-plan-philly-rda-piots-urban-farm-

initiative-for-land-bank

http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Cotton.html#b

http://www.sustainablesouthsound.org/2012/05/meeting-draws-urban-agriculture-advocates/

http://www.sustainablesouthsound.org/2012/05/meeting-draws-urban-agriculture-advocates/

http://cutandfill.blogspot.sg/2008/08/chicago-urban-farming.html

http://www.cityparksphila.org/news/from-plan-philly-rda-piots-urban-farm-initiative-for-land-bank

http://www.cityparksphila.org/news/from-plan-philly-rda-piots-urban-farm-initiative-for-land-bank

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Ang Mo Kio, Urban Farming and Recycle, to Reuse Material

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