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Case Study/Benchmarking Analysis: Smart Street Lighting in Linden Lydia Bednarski, Brittany Dodson, Gabriel Domecus, Addair Levine & Margaret Odiorne
ABSTRACTAs part of the Smart Cities grant, the City of Columbus is
exploring the prospect of implementing a smart street
lighting pilot project in the Linden neighborhood. At
minimum, the smart street lights would be outfitted with
LED bulbs, but would also have the capacity to install
other technologies. In order for the City to plan and
complete this project with maximum efficiency, we have
compiled numerous case studies and studied Linden’s
demographics and amenities. Based on our results of our
research, we were able to create strategic
recommendations for the Smart Columbus team.
Case Study Estimated Benefit Transfer
METHODSWe gathered case studies from four qualified cities
(outlined below) in order to distinguish their best
practices for planning, implementation, community
stakeholder interactions, and partnerships for smart
street lighting initiatives. We compiled online research
and coupled it with conference calls with contacts from
each of our top four cities, which is laid out below.
RESULTS
FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS• Work with a reliable vendor for the lights and their
adaptive control system
• Get the community directly involved with the project
• Inclusion of a Central Management System (CMS)
• Make sure all lights are “smart-ready” regardless of
primary technological additions
• Explore partnerships with GE and AT&T to implement
5G technology and Smart City sensors
• Keep in mind that technology add-ons for lights may be
best chosen through cooperation with Linden residents
and the City of Columbus
School of Environment & Natural Resources | EEDS Capstone Spring 2017
Summary Table
Detroit, Michigan • Pilot project began in 20131, first lights installed in
Feb. 2014
• Total of 65,000 LEDs installed city wide1,6
• Safety concerns relieved, more people are out and
spending money after dark1,6
• $3M under initial budget of $185M1
San Francisco Dimming Energy Savings
Los Angeles, California • Had good response from residents about white light5
• Close to 50 complaints5
• Did not partner with any business5
• New and rapidly changing technology5
• Reevaluate every few months5
• Not currently exploring implementing Wi-Fi through
street lights5
• Shift toward cell phone technology5Map of North and South Linden Neighborhood9
Map of Linden Neighborhood Borders
Los Angeles Columbus (per unit)
Estimated cost of project $57,000,000 (140,000 fixtures)3 $407.14
Annual energy savings ($) $9,320,159 (173,634 fixtures)2 $53.68
Annual carbon emissions reductions 62,000 metric tons (173,634 fixtures)2 .35707 metric tons
Detroit Columbus (per unit)
Estimated cost of project $185,000,000 (65,000 fixtures)1 $2,846.15
Annual energy savings ($) $3,000,000 (65,000 fixtures)1 $46.15
Annual carbon emissions reductions 36,287.39 metric tons6 .55827 metric tons
San Diego Columbus (per unit)
Estimated cost of project $30,000,000 (14,000 fixtures)4 $2,142.86
Annual energy savings ($) $2,400,000 (14,000 fixtures)4 $171.43
Annual carbon emissions reductions 3261.7 metric tons4,13.23298 metric tons
Case Study Benefit Transfer
City
Los
Angeles,
California
Detroit,
Michigan
San Diego,
California
San
Francisco,
California
LED Conversion x x x x
Public Wifi provided through street lights
Has remote monitoring system or equivalent x x x*
Gunshot detection x
EV charging stations x
Public input collected before implementation x x x x
Negative feedback from residents was not a
major problem x x x x
Experienced cost savings through LED
conversion x x x x
Experienced GHG emissions reductions
through LED conversion x x x x**
Crime/safety has noticeably improved x x
INTRODUCTIONResearch Objectives:
• Identify and analyze several smart street lighting
case studies (domestic and international)
- Identify industry leaders in smart street lighting
technology
- Research capabilities of smart street lighting
systems other than LED lights
• Understand the needs of the Linden community
BIBLIOGRAPHY1-Berg, B. (2017, March 17). Phone Interview.2-City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works Bureau of Street Lighting. (2017, January 10). LED Energy Efficiency Program-Total Savings by Council District [PDF]. Retrieved March 26, 2017, from http://bsl.lacity.org/downloads/led/LED_Energy_Savings_011017.pdf3-Clinton Climate Initiative. (2009, March). LED Street Lighting Case Study | City of Los Angeles. Retrieved February 26, 2017, from http://www.dvrpc.org/energyclimate/eetrafficstreetlighting/pdf/CCI_Los_Angeles_LED_Streetlighting_Retrofit_Program_Report.pdf4-Cosio Azar, L. (2017, March 2). Phone Interview.5-Ebrahimian, E. (2017, March 7). Phone Interview.6-Kimmelman, Michael. "The Lights Are On in Detroit." The New York Times. The New York Times, 10 Jan. 2017. Web. 24 Mar. 2017.7-Momenee, Mara. (January 2016). St. Stephens’ Community House Canvass Report - 2015 [PDF]. Retrieved February 28, 2017 through personal communication with Mara Momenee and and The Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity. 8-Sullivan, J. (2017, April 11). “OSU Slides.” Retrieved April 12, 2017 from personal contact with Jamie Sullivan (AT&T, Columbus). 9-For multiple map references, please see Appendix A in the corresponding research report.10-Young, Daniel, Eng Seng Ng, Alex Valenti, Terrance Pang, and Energy Solutions. (2014). Evaluation Report Wireless Control and Communication of LED Streetlights and Other Devices [PDF]. Retrieved March 26, 2017 from https://sfwater.org/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=5972.11-Sullivan, J. (2017, April 11). In-person Interview. 12-Casey, Shannon. “Street Light Working Group Update.” Cleantech San Diego. Cleantech San Diego, 1, Oct. 2016. Web. 11 Apr. 2017. 13-United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2017, January 13). eGrid 2014 Summary Tables [Data file]. Retrieved March 23, 2017 from https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/egrid2012_summarytables_0.pdf
San Diego, California• Began 3-year piloting of LED and adaptive controls in
2013, testing several manufacturers and involving
strong efforts to gather community input4
• Adaptive controls were deployed with dimming to
eventually achieve a metered utility rate4
• Partnering with GE and AT&T, the city will deploy
14,000 more LED lights with sensors to enhance
public safety, track air quality, and optimize parking
and traffic4
• Sensor data shared with software developers, with
parking optimization as the focus4
San Francisco, California • Implemented five month pilot project in 2013-2014
(Dec-Apr)10
• Analyzed three different advanced control systems10
• Key Takeaways:
• Dimming schedule to increase energy savings10
• Observe vendor, products, and their past
experiences10
• Utilize Central Management System10
• Didn’t move forward with technology from pilot10
Universal Intelligence Nodes (Sensors)
Street light sensor information graphic, courtesy of AT&T8
5G Exploration for Linden Pilot Project
• AT&T is interested in implementing 5G technology in
Linden as an alternative to public Wi-Fi11
• 5G is an upgraded, gigabyte-speed version of 4G LTE
cell phone data technology11
• Providing cell-phone based data may be more
pertinent to community than providing Wi-Fi access11
Photo courtesy of Shannon Casey, Cleantech San Diego12
Lydia Bednarski, Sustainability & Business
Brittany Dodson, Sustainability & Business
Gabriel Domecus, Sustainability & Business
Addair Levine, Community Development
Margaret Odiorne, Community Development
Lydia Bednarski, Team (2a) Leader
(440) 781-9435