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Animal Husbandry
Giacomini MattiaInglese
3˚A
What is it ?It is the branch of agriculture concerned
with the breeding of farm animals:
CattlePigs
SheepHorsesPoultry
History of Husbandry
Domestication of wild animals started in the Prehistoric period, and they were:
Sheep (northern Iraq)Goats (same region)
Modern Development
Selective breedingAdvances in animal nutritionVet medicineArtificial insemination Embryo transfer
Farm Specialists Breeders Milkers
Feeders Health specialists
Vets
Cattle Raising
Cattle have been domesticated since the Neolithic period
Breeds of CattleA breed is a group of animals of common
descent, possessing distinctive characteristics that distinguish them from
other groups within the same species
The Cattle FamilyCow
Milking cowHeiferMilkerCalfOx
Steer Bull
Cattle raising It is divided into two types
Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Beef CattleBeef Cattle
Breeds of CattleDairy cattle Dairy cattle
Holstein Black/White
Pezzata rossa
Brown Swiss
Breeds of CattleBeef cattle Beef cattle
Chianina Limousine
Simmenthal Charolais
Cows are Ruminants They have a digestive system that allows them to regurgitate and rechew food
The cud is digested by specialized microorganisms that live in the rumen
StomachRumen (fermentation vat)
Reticulum (rumen’s “assistant”)
Omasum (dehydrator)
Abomasum (true stomach)
Cows’ Life Gestation period is 9 months Newborn calf weighs 35-40 kg
Dairy cows are slaughtered when they are 5 years old
Dairy cows provide 90% of world’s milk production
Farmers use machines to milk 100 cows for 1 hour