Animation“Timeline”

Submitted by :- Mohd Faisal Ahmed

Submitted to :- Mr Akbar Joseph

Contents:-

What is Animation ?

Animation refers to the creation of a sequence of images—drawn, painted, or produced by other artistic methods—that change over time to portray the illusion of motion.

OR

Animation is the process of creating motion and shape change illusion by means of the rapid display of a sequence of static images that minimally differ from each other.

Example of Animation:-

On moving framesWith a rate of 12 frames/sec

We get animationlike this…

On moving framesWith a rate of

1 frames in 0.7secWe get animation

like this…

History Of Animation:-

Evidence of artistic interest in depicting figures in motion can be seen in art as early as Paleolithic cave paintings.

Another example is a 5,200-year old pottery bowl discovered in Shahr-e

Sukhteh, Iran.

Sequence of images that minimally differ from each other - from the site of the Burnt City in Iran, late half of 3rd millennium B.C.

An Egyptian mural approximately 4000 years old, found in a tomb

features a very long series of images that apparently depict the sequence of events in

a wrestling

1.2.

3.

Animation Before Film:-

Numerous devices that successfully displayed animated images were introduced well before the advent of the motion picture. The majority of these devices didn't project their images, and accordingly could only be viewed by a single person at any one time.

The magic lantern is an early

predecessor of the modern

day projector. It consisted of

a translucent oil painting, a

simple lens and a candle or

oil lamp.

The origin of the magic

lantern is debated.

1. The Magic Lantern (1650)

2. In 1824 Peter Mark Roget, who did research in physiology at the

University of London, published "Persistence of Vision with Regard to Moving

Objects."

3. Thaumatrope (1824)

A thaumatrope is a simple toy that was

popular in the 19th century. It is a small

disk with different pictures on each side,

and is attached to two pieces of string.

When the strings are twirled quickly

between the fingers, the pictures appear

to combine into a single image.

4. Phenakistoscope (1831)

The phenakistoscope was an early

animation device. It consists of a disk

with a series of images, drawn on

radii evenly spaced around the

center of the disk.As the

phenakistoscope spins, a viewer

looks through the slots at the

reflection of the drawings, are

momentarily visible when a slot

passes by the viewer's eye.

5. Zoetrope (1834)

It operates on the same principle as the

phenakistoscope. It was a cylindrical spinning

device with several frames of animation printed on

a paper strip placed around the interior

circumference. The observer looks through vertical

slits around the sides to view the moving images on

the opposite side as the cylinder spins.

6. Flip book (1868)

A flip book is a small book with relatively springy

pages, each having one in a series of animation

images located near its unbound edge. The user

bends all of the pages back, normally with the

thumb, then by a gradual motion of the hand

allows them to spring free one at a time.

7. Praxinoscope (1877)

The praxinoscope was an animation device, the

successor to the zoetrope. It was invented in

France in 1877. The praxinoscope improved on

the zoetrope by replacing its narrow viewing slits

with an inner circle of mirrors.

Modern Techniques:-

Traditional animation (also called cel

animation or hand-drawn animation)

was the process used for most

animated films of the 20th century. The

individual frames of a traditionally

animated film are photographs of

drawings, first drawn on paper. To

create the illusion of movement, each

drawing differs slightly from the one

before it.

(MOVIE) (YEAR)

Snow White and the Seven

Dwarfs

1937

Cinderella 1950

Alice in wonderland 1951

The Jungle Book 1967

The Little Mermaid 1989

Aladdin 1992

The Lion King 1994

List of some animated movies in which traditional animation is used :-

Stop-motion animation is used to

describe animation created by

physically manipulating real-world

objects and photographing them one

frame of film at a time to create the

illusion of movement. There are many

different types of stop-motion

animation, usually named after the

medium used to create the

animation.It has many types which are

as follows:-

1. Puppet animation

2. Clay animation

3. Model animation

4. Cutout animation

5. Object animation

MOVIE TYPE YEAR

The New Gulliver Puppet 1935

Handling Ships Puppet 1945

The Peacock

Princess

Puppet 1964

The Little Witch Cutout 1983

Chicken Run Clay/Pu

ppet

2000

Winter Days cutout 2003

Klay world:off

the table

Clay 2005

Paranorman Puppet 2012

Worms Puppet 2013

List of some animated movies in

which stop motion animation is

used:-

Computer animation, or CGI animation, is the process used for generating animated

images by using computer graphics. The more general term computer-generated

imagery encompasses both static scenes and dynamic images while computer

animation only refers to moving images. Computer animation is essentially a digital

successor to the stop motion techniques used in traditional animation with 3D models

and frame-by-frame animation of 2D illustrations.Basically it has two main parts.

1). 2-D animation 2). 3-D animation.

2D animation techniques tend to focus on image manipulation while 3D techniques

usually build virtual worlds in which characters and objects move and interact.

Realism in computer animation can mean making each frame look photorealistic, in the

sense that the scene is rendered to resemble a photograph, or to making the animation

of characters believable and lifelike.

Media notable for realistic human characters:-

1. Final Fantasy

2. The Adventures of Tintin

3. Beyond: Two Souls

4. Beowulf

Movies:-

CGI short films have been produced as independent animation since 1976,

although the popularity of computer animation (especially in the field

of special effects) skyrocketed during the modern era of U.S. animation. The

first completely computer-animated television series was ReBoot in 1994, and

the first completely computer-animated movie was Toy Story (1995)

Notable computer animation studios :-

Toy Story

The Incredible

Finding Nemo

WALL-E

Chicken Little

Bolt

Tangled

Frozen

Shrek

Kung Fu Panda

Megamind

Turbo

Madagscar

ICE AGE

Robots

RIO

Epic

Despicable me

Hop

Animatronics refers to the use of robotic devices to emulate a human or an

animal, or bring lifelike characteristics to an otherwise inanimate object.

Animatronics has been developed as a career which combines areas

of mechanical engineering, casting/sculpting, control technologies,

electrical/electronic, radio control and airbrushing.

Students of Bachelors in robotics complete courses in:

Mechanical engineering

Industrial robotics

Mechatronics systems

Modelling of robotics systems

Robotics engineering

Foundational theory of robotics

Introduction to robotics

Audio-Animatronic

version of U.S.

President Abraham

Lincoln.

Jaws (1975)

The trio of mechanical sharks used in "Jaws" —largely plastic, 3,000-lbs. models collectively named "Bruce" after director Steven Spielberg's lawyer — terrified filmgoers the world over.

Jurassic ParkDinosaurs appeared to roam the world

once more with "Jurassic Park." Real-life

paleontologist Jack Horner supervised the

designs of the ancient reptiles.

King KongThe 1976 version of "King Kong" famously

employed a mechanical ape that stood

40-feet tall and weighed roughly 13,000

pounds. The robotic beast required 3,100

feet of hydraulic hose and 4,500 feet of

electrical wiring to build, and it required 20

technicians to operate.

conclusion:-

The next generation of film animation will rely more heavily on technology and

data processing than ever before.

Film animation technology has come a long way since the early days of hand-

drawn cartoons. The techniques used by animators to bring characters to life

have improved dramatically over the years, and unlike traditional animation,

which made its debut in 1906 and created the illusion of movement through

frame-by-frame manipulation of drawings and illustrations, most animators

today use computers to generate three-dimensional images.

In the future, the amount of data generated during the creation, distribution

and reception of animated films is only going to grow. Films will move from HD

to Ultra-HD (4K) resolution, resulting in a multiplication of the amount of

performance needed for rendering, and the amount of capacity needed for

storage.

The spread of new animation techniques – like motion capture, which involves

tracking the movement of objects and people to create more life-like

characters – will also inevitably contribute to the data avalanche.

Animation with 3-D printings:-

The introduction of 3D printing in animation will bring revolution in animation

world.It will save time, reduces the effort,increase the accuracy and finishing

of different models will increase, and we can create a lot of frames of a

particular sequence. The technology has already been employed by

animation giants such as DreamWorks and some time ago a young cinema

student found that 3D printing allowed him to create a full short with limited

economic means.