Belief Systems Recap

AnimismHinduismBuddhism

TaoismShinto

JudaismChristianity

Islam

Belief Systems are organized ways to look at the world

Most belief systems include a moral code, or way to live life

Religions are belief systems with a God (s)Monotheistic- one godPolytheistic- more than one god

AnimismFounder:

None- created around the world during the Neolithic revolution

Book/rules: Oral story telling

Location: Africa and parts of America (Native Americans)

Main ideas: Every living and nonliving thing in nature has a spirit-often pray to ancestors for help

ShintoFounder:

None- evolved from traditions

Location: Started in and still practiced in Japan

Book: Kokiji

Main Ideas:-Harmony with nature -Worship near mountains and lakes-Kami- spirits in nature-Shrines marked by Red Torris

HinduismFounder: none- result of cultural diffusion

Location: Started in India Book: Upanishads and Vedas

Main Ideas:-The goal is to reach Brahmin, or universal spirit-Gods help understand Brahmin (Polytheistic)

*Shiva- the destroyer*Brahma- Creator*Vishna- Preserver

-Reincarnation to keep trying to get to Brahmin-Caste System-Ganges River is Sacred -Karma and Dharma

Untouchables

Hinduism- Caste SystemThe Caste System is created to keep the social order. Reincarnation is based on Karma (all your life’s deeds) and Dharma (duties in your life).

Do your dharma and you will be reincarnated

at a higher place until you reach Brahmin

1:00-5:19

Buddhism

Founder: Siddhartha Gautama- Budda, the enlightened one Book: Tripitaka, “three baskets of wisdom”

Location: India but moved to Southeast Asia (cultural diffusion)

Main Ideas:-The goal is to reach Nirvana-No Caste System-Reincarnation to keep trying to get to Nirvana-Dharma and Karma-Life is suffering because of Desire( four noble truths)-End desire with the eight-fold path

Buddhism- Four Noble Truths1) All life is Suffering

2) Suffering is caused by desire

3) Eliminate suffering by eliminating desire

4) Following the 8-fold path will help overcome desire

Eightfold path will help end desire

Know that suffering is caused by desire. Be selfless and love all life. Do not lie, or speak without cause. Do not kill, steal, or commit other unrighteous acts. Do not do things which promote evil. Take effort to promote righteousness. Be aware of your physical actions, state of mind, and emotions. Learn to meditate

520-8:10

Confucianism

Founder: Confucius

Book: the Analects

Location: China

Main Ideas:-focused on R-E-S-P-E-C-T-accept your place in society-Five Relationships-education= advancement-Filial Piety- respect elders-basis of Chinese Legalism system

Confucianism is a

Philosophy- it provides a

moral way to live

Confucianism- Five Relationships

Ruler Husband Father Elder Brother

Subject Wife Son/ Daughter Youth Younger

brother

•Ruler to ruled. •Father to son.

•Older brother to younger brother. •Husband to wife. •Friend to friend

Taoism (Daoism)

Founder: Lao Tze

Book: Tao-te-Ching

Location: China

Main Ideas:-Live in harmony-contemplate the “way” or Tao-Yin Yang- Link between people and nature

Tao- Yin YangYin Yang are opposites but need to be balanced

Yin Yang

Light Dark

Male Female

Heavenly Earthly

Active Passive

Judaism

Founder: Abraham and Moses

Book: Torah (Old Testament)

Location: Worldwide. Originated in theMiddle East near Israel

Main Ideas:-Monotheistic- one God-God is all knowing-Synagogues - 10 commandments-The Diaspora

Judaism

The 10 Commandments:

1. You shall have no other gods before Me.2. You shall not make yourself any graven image, 3. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain; 4. Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy. 5. Honor your father and mother6. You shall not commit murder.7. You shall not commit adultery.8. You shall not steal.9. You shall not witness falsely against your neighbor.10. You shall not covet your neighbor's house, or anything that is your

neighbor's.

Christianity

Founder: Jesus (the Messiah)

Book: Bible (New Testament)

Location: Worldwide. Originate in Israel

Main Ideas:-Monotheistic- one God-God is all knowing-Churches- 10 commandments-Eternal life and salvation

Both the Jews and the Christians follow the moral

code of the 10 commandments. Why do you

think this is?

Judaism to ChristianityThe primary difference between the Jews and Christians is

that the Jews do NOT think the Messiah has come

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Islam

Founder: Muhammad

Book: Quran or Koran

Location: Worldwide but primarily in the Middle East Originate on Arabian Peninsula

Main Ideas:-Monotheistic- one God Allah-God is all knowing-Mosques- Five Pillars-the Hajj-Sharia (Law)

IslamThe Five Pillars of Islam are their moral code

Pilgrimage to Mecca

Alms to the poor Fast

during Ramadan

Pray 5 times a

day

One God Allah

*Key Concept*Belief systems help keep order in society

They often provide moral codes or ways to live

What social system is illustrated below?