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Biodegradation activities of Phanerochaete
chrysosporium fungus and the bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Sphingomonas
macrogoltabidus on pretreated HDPE plastic
Anne Richards, Cara Broshkevitch, Ong Kim Yao, and Poh Yong Rui
HDPE plastic: used in food packaging, plastic bags, plastic bottles, recycled plastic lumber, toiletry and liquid containers, outdoor furniture, and piping
Takes over 100 years to degrade in a landfill-discarded plastics filling up landfills (Sivan, 2011)
Detrimental environmental effects: Water and air cannot enter soil – deplete
underground water resource Disrupts degradation of other substances In the ocean, plastic chokes and entangles marine life
Background
Other ways of disposal can not be used: Burning plastics at high temperatures
produces toxic irritants that are human carcinogens
Past research: biodegradation with bacteria or fungi, UV radiation, and thermal radiation have been separately investigated All three organisms have been shown to
degrade polyethylene plastic separately
Background continued
Academy of ScienceHypothesis:The following factors affect the rate of biodegradation of HDPE plastic mass:
Ratios of different microorganisms
P. Chrysosporium fungus
P. Putida bacteria S. Macrogoltabidus
bacteria
Hwa Chong Institution
Hypothesis: The following factors affect the rate of biodegradation of HDPE plastic mass:
Environmental conditions for biodegradation
Exposure time to UV radiation
PurposeTo determine the optimum treatment of HDPE plastic for maximum biodegradation.
Academy of Science
Independent variables Ratios of P.
chrysosporium fungus, P. putida bacteria, and S. macrogoltabidus bacteria
Dependent variable Percent change in
dry mass of the HDPE plastic samples
Amount of CO2 gas present
Hwa Chong Institution
Independent variables Environmental conditions
for biodegradation Exposure time to UV
radiation
Dependent variables Percentage change in dry
mass of HDPE samples Amount of CO2 gas
present Temperature of contents
of flask Cell density of bacterial
cultures
Variables:
Academy of ScienceCulture Bacteria and
Fungi
Pre-treat Plastic
Expose Plastic to Individual
Microorganisms
Expose Plastic to different Ratios of 3
Microorganisms
Measure Dependent Variables
Hwa Chong Institution
Culture Bacteria
Prepare Soil Conditions
Pre-treat Plastic
Expose Plastic to Microorganisms
Measure Dependent Variables
Procedure
Bacteria will be cultured in culture test tubes with nutrient broth
Fungi will be cultured in Petri dishes in potato dextrose agar
Microorganism Culture (AOS & HCI)
Erlenmeyer flask with minimal media
Erlenmeyer flask with loamy soil and distilled water
Prepare Soil Conditions (HCI)
Pre-treat HDPE Plastic (AOS & HCI)
HDPE Plastic
Grocery Bags
Exposed to 365nm UV
radiation for 96 hours
Cut into one gram pieces
Exposed to thermal
radiation in the oven at
115°C for 48 hours
Exposed to
365nm UV
radiation for 72, 96, 120 hours
A
OSHCI
Cut into one gram pieces
HDPE Plastic
Grocery Bags
Exposed to thermal
radiation in the oven at
115°C for 48 hours
Academy of Science
Expose plastic to: Individual
microorganisms
P. putida S.
macrogoltabidus
P. chrysosporium
Different ratios of the three microorganisms
Hwa Chong Institution
Expose plastic to:
P. putida in: Minimal
Media Loamy soil
+ Distilled water
Expose Plastic to Microorganisms (AOS & HCI)
Will be used to measure: Percentage change in dry mass of HDPE samples Amount of CO2 gas present Temperature of contents of flask Cell density of bacterial cultures
Measure Dependent Variables (AOS & HCI)
Thermometer
CO2 Probe
Analytical Balance Spectrophotom
eter
AOS
HCI
Aamer Ali Shah (2007). Role of Microorganism in Biodegradation of Plastics. Retrieved October 30, 2011 from http://eprints.hec.gov.pk/2361/1/2216.htm
Abraham, J., Nanda, S., & Sahu, S. (2010). Studies on the biodegradation of natural and synthetic polyethylene by Pseudomonas spp. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 14.
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