ANNUAL REPORT 2014-15 report 14-15-_0.pdf · Epidemiological survey and esmaon of economic impact...

iNIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

ANNUAL REPORT2014-15

ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology andDisease Informatics (NIVEDI)

Post Box No.6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru - 560064, Karnataka, IndiaPh: 080-23093110, 23093111, Fax: 080-23093222

Website: www.nivedi.res.in, Email: [email protected]

ii NIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

Editors:

Dr. P. P. Sengupta

Dr. G.S. Desai

Dr. V. Balamurugan

Dr. Sathish B. Shivachandra

Dr. G. Govindaraj

Dr. P. Krishnamoorthy

Dr. Mohd. Mudassar Chanda

Dr. Yogisharadhya R

Dr. Awadesh Prajapati

Published by:

Dr. H. Rahman

Director

ICAR - NIVEDI

Yelahanka, Bengaluru

Cover Front Page : NIVEDI Building

Cover Back Page : Nationwide Disease information for 2014

© ICAR - National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI) 2015

All rights reserved

Printed at:

ShakthiPrintech

Prakashnagar, Bengaluru - 560 021.

Phone : 080-2313 3235

iiiNIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

ContentsPage No.

Execu�ve Summary 1

About NIVEDI 4

Ins�tute Research Projects

Modelling and forecas�ng the incidence, prevalence and outbreak of PPR in India 9

Economic analysis of Haemorrhagic Sep�cemia (HS) in ca�le and buffaloes in selected endemic states of India

10

Epidemiology of Haemorrhagic Sep�cemia in livestock vis-à-vis foot and mouth disease in India 11

Molecular epidemiology of MRSA, MR-CoNS and ESBL producing Gram-nega�ve bacteria in animals including their environment

12

Epidemiological survey and es�ma�on of economic impact of the PPR in sheep and goats 14

Epidemiology and impact analysis of sheep and goat pox 14

Epidemiology of Classical Swine Fever in India 15

Molecular epidemiology of Ganjam virus in sheep and goats 17

Epidemiological study of surra and fascioliasis in animals 18

Inter Ins�tu�onal Projects

Assessment of socio-economic impact of FMD and its control in India 21

Epidemiology of Influenza viruses in pigs 21

Risk analysis of introduc�on of no�fiable Avian Influenza (NAI) (HPNAI and LPNAI) in India with special reference to risk of NAI through trade and/or non-trade ac�vi�es

22

Retrospec�ve epidemiological studies on HPAI with reference to spa�o-temporal pa�ern and the associated risk factors iden�fica�on

23

Cross-sec�onal surveillance of Malignant Catarrhal Fever infec�on in domes�c and wild ruminants in Southern India

25

Externally Funded Projects

Outreach Programme on Zoono�c diseases 29

All India Network programme on Blue Tongue 30

DBT Network Project on Brucellosis: Project Monitoring Unit (PMU) 31

DBT Network Project: Brucellosis Epidemiology ( BE-1) 32

DBT Network Project: Brucellosis Diagnos�cs (BD-2) 33

Development of recombinant an�gen based diagnos�cs for surveillance of Peste des pe�ts ruminants 34

Sero-surveillance and Associa�on of Toll-like receptors, Th1-Th2 status and Viral genotypes in suscep�bility and severity of PPR among goats and sheep of North East India

34

Development of newer economical sensi�ve diagnos�cs for the detec�on of carrier status of surra for surveillance

36

NER Centre for Advanced Animal Disease Diagnos�cs and Services on Animal on Health and Diseases (ADSAHD)

37

Sub Project 1: Surveillance and molecular analysis of MRSA, MR-CoNS, VRE, ESBL and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Nega�ve bacteria in farm animals, the animal handlers and livestock products in NE India

37

Sub Project 2: Sero-epidemiological study of brucellosis in livestock in North East states of India using ELISA and Fluorescent Polariza�on Assays

37

Sub Project 3: Epidemiological study of Classical swine fever (CSF), Porcine reproduc�ve and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and Porcine torqueteno (TTV) in North East (NE) region of India

37

Sub Project 4: Development of Infec�ous Disease Informa�on System (IDIS) and Risk assessment models for Transboundary animal diseases (TAD) & other emerging livestock diseases in NE region of India

38

iv NIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

Sero-Surveillance, molecular characteriza�on and epidemiology of pox viral infec�ons in animals from North Eastern Region of India

38

Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of BVD in ruminants with special reference to Mithun (Bos frontalis) in North Eastern States of India.

38

Ae�o-pathology and molecular epidemiology of bacterial and viral diseases associated with the respiratory problems of yak in the North Eastern states of India.

39

Serosurveillance and molecular epidemiology of Bovine Herpes Virus 1 (BoHV1) infec�on in bovines of North Eastern states of Mizoram,Meghalaya and Tripura

40

Serosurveillance isola�on and molecular characteriza�on of bluetongue virus in sheep and goats of Tripura and Assam states

40

Molecular diagnosis and epidemiology of rabies in livestock 40

Na�onal Surveillance Programme for Aqua�c Animal Diseases (NSPAAD) 42

Development of diagnos�c system, reference collec�on and molecular epidemiology studies forimportant arboviral pathogens of livestock in India

43

Na�onal Ini�a�ve on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) - Livestock disease surveillance in rela�on to weather data and emergence of new pathogens

43

Ins�tute Service Projects

Na�onal Animal Disease referral expert system 47

Seroepidemiology of Bovine Brucellosis 49

Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis in livestock species 50

Seroepidemiology of Infec�ous Bovine Rhinotrachei�s in India 51

Maintenance and upda�ng of livestock serum repository 52

Grant-In-Aid Project

Brucellosis Control programme 55

AICRP on ADMAS 56

Tribal Sub-Plan 57

Publica�ons

Peer reviewed Journals 61

Presenta�on in Conferences/Symposia/Seminars/other Fora 63

Capacity Building and Human Resource Development

Training/Refresher Course/Summer/Winterschool/Seminars/Conferences/Symposia/Workshops/Programmes organized

71

Training/Refresher Course/Summer/Winterschool/Seminars/Conferences/Symposia/Workshops/Programmes Par�cipated

73

Awards/Fellowship/Recogni�on 78

Miscellaneous

Ins�tute Management Commi�ee 81

Research Advisory Commi�ee 82

Ins�tute Research Commi�ee 83

Ins�tu�onal Animal Ethics Commi�ee 84

Ins�tute Biosafety Commi�ee 84

RFD Achievements 2013-2014 87

Dis�nguished Visitors 89

Staff posi�on during 2014-2015 90

Revenue 91

Budget 91

NIVEDI Ac�vites

vNIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

Acknowledgement

The Director and staff of ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI) express their whole-hearted gratitude to Dr. S. Ayyappan, Secretary, DARE and Director General, ICAR for his constant guidance and support.

ICAR-NIVEDI family is also thankful to Dr. K. M. L Pathak, Deputy Director General (Animal Science) and Dr. Gaya Prasad, Assistant Director General (Animal Health) for generous cooperation and encouragement and the support received from Dr. Jyothi Misri, Principal Scientist, ICAR is also thankfully acknowledged.

Our sincere thanks also to the Director’s and Head’s of ICAR institute’s located in Bengaluru, viz., NIANP, NBAIR, IVRI, NBSSLUP, NDRI, IIHR, KVAFSU, Karnataka Veterinary Council, Director IAIM, DIG, CRPF, Yelahanka, Bengaluru and also other institutes and organisations for their vital logistics support and co-operation from time to time. We also acknowledge the work done by NDDB and KBR Infratech Ltd. for construction of new BSL lab and office building with thanks.

The institute convey sincere thanks to all the principal investigators of AICRP on ADMAS and related state Animal Husbandry Department and Universities for their valuable inputs and cooperation

At the last, I sincerely thank all the staff members of ICAR-NIVEDI for their cooperation as and when required

Jai Hind!

(H. Rahman)

Director

vi NIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

1NIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

At large, during this year, the major thrust was given to develop the infrastructure facilities of the institute which was highly deserving. During this period, state of art biosafety laboratory (BSL2++ version), administrative building and utility block have been constructed and the same have become functional. Along with these, other facilities such as Committee room, Communication cell, Canteen etc, also have come up. Besides, six residential quarters (Type IV - 2 Nos. & Type III - 4 Nos.) have also been renovated for use of NIVEDI staff.

In research, this year the extensive epidemiological study was carried out on different viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases including Peste des petits ruminant (PPR), Brucellosis, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ( IBR), Bluetongue (BT), Trypanosomosis, Fasciolosis, Sheep and Goat pox, Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS), Rabies, Mastitis, Avian Influenza, Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD),Classical Swine Fever (CSF), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) etc.

NADRES is a flagship project of NIVEDI which includes an in-built interactive dynamic web-based software with animal health information and disease forecasting system. During this period, in the list of top 10 animal diseases, fasciolosis ranked first fol lowed by Coccidiosis, Trypanosomosis, Babesiosis, Foot and Mouth disease, Chronic respiratory disease, Theileriosis and sheep & goat pox. A total of 5577 records, originating from 30 states pertaining to various diseases were reported to the NADRES. The economic analysis of HS in cattle and buffaloes in selected endemic states of India was carried out. The estimated mortality loss due to HS was ` 27,647 and ` 31,901 in indigenous cattle and local buffaloes respectively, per animal. A cluster map of HS and FMD outbreaks occurred in Tamil Nadu and Kerala was prepared. The epidemiological study involving primary and secondary data shows no co-occurrence of the outbreaks between HS and FMD. The socio-economic impact of FMD study revealed total estimated direct loss due to FMD as` 23193 crores during 2013-14. A parametric

regression model with threshold for southern and eastern region of the country for PPR outbreak was developed. The incidence ratio of PPR has been calculated using zero inflated Poisson negative bionomial models. At the optimum incremental level of 10%, the estimated loss due to PPR in sheep and goats in India was ` 1,611 crores. Further, the hemagglutinin(H) and nucleocapsid (N) protein of PPR virus were expressed in prokaryotic system and on evaluation of indirect ELISA using recombinant N and H antigen showed 97.97% sensitivity and 99.49% specificity. A total of 391 serum samples were collected from seven states of NE region from sheep & goats. On screening for PPRV antibodies, a 17.90% and 63% of seroprevalance recorded in suspected and random population of goats. In a serosurvey conducted in Odisha, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur, Jharkhand and Karnataka, 29.78% seropositive cases for CSF were recorded. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out with a total 24 E2 sequences and it was found that all the recent CSFV were grouped into subtype 2.2 gradually dominating the traditional 1.1 group. The porcine tissue samples from Udupi, Karnataka were screened for the detection of TTV gene group 1& 2 and the samples were found to be positive for gene group 2. Out of 1022 bovine samples from 14 states of the country, 31.5% cases were positive for the presence of IBR antibodies. Arunachal Pradesh topped the list with 90% seropositivity and West Bengal showed a minimum of 43.30%. In Yak, a high percentage of animals (95.23%) were found positive for the presence of IBR antibodies.

In an epidemiological study of Rabies in Livestock, 124 samples from animals were collected from Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka and Kerala .Out of them, 45 samples were found positive to Rabies antigen by fluorescent antibody technique. TheN-gene sequences of the Rabies positive samples were analysed phylogenetically and it showed that, all the isolates belonging to gene type 1 of rabies virus are of arctic lineage. A total 3425 pox outbreaks were reported from different states during 2005-13. There was a increased trend from 2005-13 followed by a decline trend. The highest number of outbreak

Executive Summary

2 NIVEDI Annual Report 2014-15

reported form Andhra Pradesh. The number of deaths is directly proportional to number of outbreaks and number of attack in each year. The outbreaks were mostly recorded during December-May months. In goats, 70.31% morbidity and 46.87% mortality were reported with the sequence of P gene of Capripox virus, the phylogenetic analysis 32

revealed, 94.6-100% homology with all the other Indian isolates.

Risk path analysis of Notifiable Avian Influenza (NA, HPNAI, LPNAI) has been identified for the import of chicken and by-products and also live birds which includes the hazard identif ication, release assessment, exposure assessment and consequent assessment. Previously reported HPAI outbreaks were mapped based on GIS co-ordinates as point dot maps. Temporal data analysis suggests that, three different introductions of disease in 2008 in different places. Majority outbreaks were in the adjoining districts with Bangladesh and Nepal which are endemic to H5N1 Avian Influenza. The outbreaks in crows were reported during 2011-12 from Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Odisha and Bihar. This study suggests the spreading of the disease in different places/locations since the crows are found near human habitations. To study the epidemiology of swine influenza virus, the blood, serum and nasal swabs were collected from Pigs and their analysis are in progress. To study the epidemiology of Ganjam virus infection in sheep and goats, 135 serum, 119 blood and 17 tick samples from sheep and goats and 14 human serum samples were collected for screening. Under All India Network Program on BT, 562 serum samples from 9 districts of Maharashtra were screened for the presence of antibodies of BTV. An overall 87.54% of prevalence was recorded. The age-wise analysis of the prevalence showed that, the number of affected animals increase with the increase in the age. 143 clinical samples from BT suspected cases were screened and isolation of BTV from positive samples in cell culture is under way. In a cross sectional surveillance study, an overall prevalence of OvHV-2 in Maharashtra was 55.5%. The study indicates that, in the southern region of Maharashtra, the prevalence is significantly lower than the other parts of the state. The screening of 260

samples collected form Telangana state, revealed 43.03% prevalence for MCF.

Under the DBT-Network Project on brucellosis, several hands on training programs on the diagnosis of brucellosis were conducted. Among 1360 samples collected from different species of animals, more than 10% were found positive by screening through RBPT and ELISA. A newly developed LFA kit for detection of brucellosis in animals showed 87.1% sensitivity and 92.6% specificity. Another LFA kit developed for diagnosis of human brucellosis showed 84% sensitivity and 99.8% specificity on comparison with RBPT. The recombinant proteins of Brucella namely rBLS (36 KDa) rBP26 (44 KDa) were expressed which showed immunoreactivity. Standardization of ELISA using such recombinant proteins was also carried out. Standardization of Fluorescent Polarization Assay for detection of brucellosis in animals was carried out using 200 standard panel of serum samples and it showed 90% sensitivity and 78.33% specificity. Besides, 3459 animal serum samples received from seven AICRP collaborating centres were screened for brucellosis .Out of them, 0.54% cattle, 0.33% buffalo, 0.97% goat were found positive for the presence of Brucella antibodies. Under brucellosis control programme, trainings were organised to field veterinarians for creations of awareness related to vaccination and control. In a questionnaire survey, 86% veterinarians opined in favour of brucellosis vaccination in animals whereas 14% were against the vaccination.

On the study of methicillin resistant staphylococci organism, out of 97 goat samples, 2 isolates showed amplification for MEC A gene by PCR. The antibiotic sensitivity test (ABST) showed one of the isolate as intermediate resistant to cefoxitin but the other isolate was sensitive to both Methicillin and Cefoxitin. One of the MEC A positive isolate was identified as Staphylococcus epidermis. On the study of in vivo pharmacological properties of membrane active glycoprotein antibiotic (YV11455) against MRSA, it was observed that effective dose response of the drug in 50% maximal bacterial killing (ED ) was 1.43 50

m g / k g . T h e b e t a l a c t a m a s e p r o d u c i n g Enterobacteriaceae organisms were also studied. A


total of 88 isolates were obtained from goat fecal samples of which 54% isolates were detected as E. coli by multiplex PCR. All 54% isolates were subjected to ABST for detection of ESBL, MVL and AMP C which indicated 14 isolates to ESBL showing resistance to Cephamycin, 5 were ESBL and NBL, 7 were ESBL and AMP C, 6 were ESBL and MBL and AMP C. In an another study, 20 cultures from Meghalaya and 21 nasal swabs from Arunachal P r a d e s h w e re s c r e e n e d . A m o n g t h e m , Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Corynebacterium etc. were identified.

19 Leptospira serovars were used for MAT screening for the detection of Leptospira antibodies in the samples. For sero epidemiology of leptospirois, this year 887 animal serum samples from Odisha, West Bengal and Karnataka were screened and overall 36.87% sero prevalence were recorded with 36.45% in cattle, 54.28% in buffalo,28.33% in goat,44.44% in sheep and 31.37% in horse. Among human, 5.55% cases of leptospirosis was detected by MAT screening.A lateral flow kit for the diagnosis of Listeria species has been designed using Listerolysin-o and colloidal gold conjugated Protein G and the test was evaluated with 405 serum samples showing 100% agreement with LLO based Indirect ELISA. A

total of 2093 serum samples from cattle, buffalo, horse, donkey and camel from Karnataka, Orissa, West Bengal and Rajasthan were screened for the presence of antibodies against Trypanosoma evansi by ELISA. An overall, 586 samples were found positive for the presence of antibodies. The buffalo showed highest seroprevalance (36%) followed by cattle (28-31.25%), camel (31%) donkey (6.895) and horse (5.10%). A total 222 fecal samples were collected from cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats form Karnataka. An overall 19.81% were found positive for parasitic infections. Among the positive samples, Fasciola was 17%, Strongyles 12%, Amphistome 15%. Out of 32 Lymnea species snails, an overall 13% were found positive for Fasciola infection by PCR assay. During this year, 148 human samples collected from West Bengal, Karnataka and Andra Pradesh were screened for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by agglutination test. An overall 12.16% seroprevalance were recorded with 25.49% in Andhra Pradesh, 17.85% in Karnataka and 0% in West Bengal. During 2014-15, 2151 serum samples from states including Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra, Meghalaya, Odhisha, Punjab and Tamil Nadu were received and screened for bovine, ovines, caprine and swine brucellosis, IBR and CSF.


ICAR-NIVEDI was initiated by the ICAR in the VIIth five year plan as an All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP-ADMAS). It became fully functional during the last quarter of 1987 with the establishment of four Regional Research Units (RRUs) located at Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, and Ludhiana. The Central Coordinating Unit (CCU) was established at the Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, Bengaluru to coordinate research activities of the regional units. ADMAS was further strengthened in the VIIIth plan with support of ICAR and European union by taking the responsibility of the National Project on Rinderpest Eradication (NPRE) involving the participation of 32 state level diagnostic/ disease investigation laboratories. Later, realizing the impact of animal disease monitoring and surveillance on our entire livestock sector and to give a boost, ICAR upgraded this project to an independent institute status on 1st April, 2000 (during the IX plan) as - “Project Directorate on Animal Disease Monitoring and Surveillance (PDADMAS)” with ten collaborating units. The Directorate got further impetus with addition of five more collaborating units in the Xth plan. In XI plan Guwahati Centre in Assam was included as a collaborating unit of AICRP on ADMAS. Keeping in view of the significant contributions of this institute to country's livestock health sector, the ICAR further upgraded to National institute and rechristened as National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and

thDisease Informatics (NIVEDI) on 26 October 2013. On 9th January 2015, its new campus was inaugurated in Yelahanka with BSL-2 laboratory and administrative building.

Research mandates of NIVEDI

* Research and development on livestock disease epidemiology and informatics.

* Understanding specific disease process for rational development of diagnostics and strategic control technologies for livestock diseases including zoonosis.

* Development of systems for forecasting and forewarning of economically important livestock diseases.

* Economics of livestock diseases and health care measures.

Research Mandates of AICRP-ADMAS

* Sero-monitoring for important livestock diseases based on sample frame.

* Investigation of endemic, emerging and reemerging livestock disease outbreaks in respective area using innovative technologies.

* Par ticipation/strengthening of National Livestock Serum Repository.

* Participation in strengthening of microbial pathogen repository at NIVEDI

* Effective updating of NADRES with active disease and related meteorological data.

* Utilization of forecasting models through NADRES for forecasting and forewarning of livestock diseases.

* Collaborative study on economic losses due to livestock diseases and their control measures.

About ICAR - NIVEDI


National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru has been awarded ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System certificate with scope of "Research and Development in the field of

thVeterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics" by Indian Register of Quality Systems, India on 27 June 2014



INSTITUTE RESEARCH PROJECTS



IPC:ANSCNIVEDISIL201200900033 Project ID:IXX09487

Regression methods of outbreak detection have been widely used, both for detecting outbreaks in surveillance systems based on laboratory reports and notified infections, and for syndromic surveillance. A commonly used fully parametric outbreak detection regression model is based on that of Serfling(1963), who modelled the historical baselines using a trigonometric function with linear trend of the form

E(y )=µ+αt+∑(β sin(w t)+γ cos(w t)),t i i i i

whereE(y ) is calculated as mean of observed counts t

at months t-1,t, t+1 over pre-specified number of years. This ensures that seasonal effects are automatically adjusted by design rather than by explicit modelling, thus providing the robustness to the model.

Often count variables are treated as continuous and linear regression is applied. Using linear regression models for count data is inefficient, due to inconsistent standard er rors and negative predictions. Further, count data frequently display overdispersion and excess zeros. In this study, variety of count models including zero-inflated models were applied for outbreak prediction of PPR disease in India. PPR has been recorded throughout

the year and show no seasonality. However, the disease is less recorded during the peak summer months indicating the virus is unlikely to survive the extreme heat. This is further supported by the highest incidence during the winter months (December to February). The result of PPR Model revealed that in West Bengal (East zone) and Andhra Pradesh (South zone) recorded more mean number of outbreak with 0.45 and 0.49 respectively. Karnataka, Jharkhand and Orissa also recorded moderate mean outbreaks. Whereas Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Rajasthan recorded low mean outbreaks. Incidence rate ratio(IRR) results indicated that highest IRR was recorded for Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharasthra for monsoon season (June-September) Incidence of PPR is more likely in post-monsoon period (October-November) in Orissa, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharasthra. Gujarat recorded highest IRR for PPR outbreak with 3.06, followed by Karnataka (2.81), Odisha (1.57), Andhra Pradesh (1.23),Tamil Nadu (1.31) in Winter (January-February). Outbreak of PPR is consistent in all season except summer for Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Himachal Pradesh.

Modeling and forecasting the incidence, prevalenceand outbreak of PPR in India

K.P. Suresh, V. Balamurugan, S.S. Patil, D. Hemadri and G. Govindaraj

Table 1: Zone -wise model estimates and model fit parameters

StateModel

Fit

Fit Statistics

Fit Statistics

Traditional modelsZero-inflated

models

GOF AIC AICc BIC Intercept Time Intercept Time

Central ZINB 1.000 254.78 254.78 283.86 0.557 -1.0E-04 29.828 -59.591

East ZINB 1.000 3435.30 3435.30 3474.20 -0.171 6.0E-04 29.638 -57.195

North East ZINB 1.000 126.26 126.26 164.01 -14.599 5.4E-03 5.758 -1.031

North ZINB 1.000 237.34 237.34 278.27 1.731 -6.0E-04 35.028 -62.297

South ZINB 1.000 3628.16 3628.16 3666.82 1.727 -4.0E-04 29.549 -57.131

West ZINB 1.000 244.22 244.22 274.80 0.633 -2.0E-04 29.396 -49.379


The count models such as Poisson, negative binomial and zero-inflated models were employed on outbreak data across states and zones. Out of fourteen states, five states provide the best fit for zero-inflated negative binomial and remaining nine states provided best fit for zero-inflated Poisson model. All zones are provided the best fit for zero-inflated negative binomial models. The models estimates can be used to predict the outbreak at any time (month) with in study period and nearest future. Space autocorrelation was performed using VARIOGRAM procedure with Moran`s l(z=103.40) and Geary`s c(z=3.18) statistic shows space continuity in PPR o u t b re a k a n d r e j e c t i n g t h e z e r o - s p a c e

autocorrelation, hence model fitting was done in different zones to have better model estimates.

Models were evaluated using goodness-of-fit (P value), AIC, AICc, BIC criteria. The best fit models satisfied non-significance of goodness-of-fit and AIC, AICc and BIC were low. Further, the fit of the regular count models such as Poisson and negative binomial models, was compared along with their zero-inflated analogs, Zero-inflated Poisson and Zero-inflated negative binomial, using Voung test, a likelihood ratio -based statistic that measures the distance or closeness between two models.

Fig. 1: Parametric regression model with threshold for Eastern region of PPR outbreak

Fig. 2: Parametric regression model with threshold for Southern region of PPR outbreak

IPC:ANSCNIVEDISIL201200200026 Project ID: IXX07978

Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS) is an important bacterial disease affecting primarily cattle and buffaloes. Haemorrhagic Septicaemia is caused by the bacterium P.multocida (P.septica). During the period under report collection and analysis of primary data from Gujarat state was undertaken to assess the loss due to HS disease. Gujarat state was purposively selected for conducting primary survey during the year 2014-15 to assess loss due to HS disease in Cattle and Buffaloes. The three districts viz., Ahmedabad, Mahisagar and Patan were selected based on high prevalence of HS disease. Purposive sampling method was followed to identify the affected farms. Ten villages in the study districts were surveyed during the year 2014-15. Appropriate mathematical models were developed to assess mortality loss, milk loss, treatment cost, cost of extra

labour engaged for nursing the animal etc. The results revealed that, high mortality was observed among the indigenous cattle, though the number of affected cattle is less. The average case fatality rate among the local buffalo in the surveyed districts was 78%.In 47% of the HS affected farms the disease persisted for less than three days, while in 18% farms it persisted for 4-6 days and in 34% farms it persisted for 7-9 days. Only in 1% farms the disease persisted for more than 10 days. In majority of the farms HS disease occurred during monsoon period (August and September) and winter months (November and December).

The estimated mortality loss per animal was Rs.27647 and Rs.31901 for indigenous and local buffalo respectively.

Economic analysis of Haemorrhagic Septicaemia incattle and buffaloes in selected endemic states of India

G. Govindaraj, M.R. Gajendragad and P. Krishnamoorthy



Epidemiology of Haemorrhagic Septicaemia in livestockvis-à-vis Foot and Mouth Disease in India

P. Krishnamoorthy, B.R. Shome and G. Govindaraj

Secondary data was collected on HS and FMD outbreaks occurred in Southern India. The year wise HS and FMD outbreaks occurred in Southern India during 2002-13 (11 years) is depicted in Fig 3. The HS and FMD outbreaks in Southern India showed decreasing trend from 2002. This might be due to effective vaccination and preventive measures adopted by state animal husbandry departments of southern states. The geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) of HS and FMD outbreaks occurred villages in Tamil Nadu and Kerala during 2009-14, was collected and Cluster map was prepared using EpiInfo software version 7, CDC, Atlanta, USA (Fig.3). The cluster analysis revealed occurrence of different clusters for HS and FMD and no overlapping of the outbreaks was observed. There was no co-occurrence of HS and FMD outbreaks in Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

Fig. 3: Cluster map of HS and FMD outbreaks occurred in Tamil Nadu and Kerala during 2009-14

The districts affected with HS and FMD outbreaks during 2002-13 in southern states was given in Table 2. The districts affected with both HS and FMD was

more in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka when compared to other states.

Table 2: Number of districts affected with HS and FMD in different states in India

Based on the analysis of secondary data, the season wise occurrence of HS outbreaks showed more in monsoon in Kerala and Karnataka and FMD outbreaks more in post monsoon in Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka. Month wise analysis of HS outbreaks showed high occurrence in November and September in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, respectively, which indicates the more occurrence during the monsoon season. FMD outbreaks showed high occurrence in December and October in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, respectively.

Nasal swabs (Mandya-10, Puducherry-4, Hosur-5, Bidar-25) and 10 throat swabs (Puducherry) suspected of having FMD. Tissue samples from Sheep (liver, spleen, lung, intestines) from Sidlaghatta, Karnataka and Cattle (liver, kidney, spleen, lung, heart) from Tavarekere, Karnataka were collected. Swabs were used for bacterial isolation and DNA extracted from bacterial culture and tissues. Pasteurella multocida species and type B specific PCR was done and all samples were found negative. Thus both primary data and secondary data showed there is no co-occurrence of HS and FMD.

StateTotal no. of

Districts

Districts with HS

Districts with FMD

HS and FMD

Andhra Pradesh 23 22 18 18

Karnataka 30 24 21 21

Kerala 14 10 14 9

Tamil Nadu 32 2 12 2

Madhya Pradesh 51 14 11 6



Methicillin resistant Staphylococci

A total of 97 samples were collected from goat farm located in Hossur, Tamil Nadu. Eighty three isolates were obtained and confirmed to be of genus Staphylococcus sp. Two out of 83 isolates showed amplification for mecA gene by mecA PCR. Antibiotic sensitivity test (ABST) showed one of the isolate as intermediate resistant to cefoxitin but the other isolate was sensitive to both methicillin and cefoxitin. One of the mecA positive isolate was identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis by m-PCR, while the unidentified isolate subjected for partial 16SrRNA sequencing and analysis indicated as S. Xylosus/ S.saprophyticus/ S. cohinii. Two mecA positive isolates found to be non typeable under SCC mec typing by PCR.

Membrane act ive g lycopept ide ant ib iot ic (YV11455), a cationic lipophilic vancomycin analogue, synthesized by JNCASR, was used for evaluating in-vivo antibacterial efficacy in murine thigh infection model. The mice rendered

7neutropenic were infected with ~10 CFU/ml concentration of MRSA by injection into the thigh. Subsequently, animals were treated intravenously with saline, vancomycin, linezolid and YV11455 at 12 mg/kg body weight and results were analyzed. The in-vivo efficacy of YV11455 in comparison with linezolid and vancomycin against MRSA is shown in Fig. 4. Vancomycin resulted in no change of bacterial growth from the initial titer (ED ) whereas linezolid stasis

produced 50% maximal response from the vehicle treated mice (ED ). In contrast, YV11455 showed 50

excellent efficacy, where it produced ~3.0 log 10

CFU/g reduction in bacterial count from the initial titer (ED ).3-log kill

Fig. 4: In-vivo activity of YV11455 against MRSA.

The effect of dose response on the efficacy of YV11455 was performed in the NMT infection

7model against 50 μL of MRSA (10 CFU/ml). A single YV11455 dose that resulted in 50% maximal

bacterial killing (ED ) was 1.43 mg/kg.The YV11455 50

dose that resulted in a 24-h colony count similar to the pretreatment count was 2.68 mg/kg (ED ). The stasis

value of 1-log kill dose (ED ) for YV11455 was 10 1-log kill

3.86 mg/kg. It was also found that at the highest dosing regimen (12 mg/kg) YV11455 showedED .3-log kill

Molecular epidemiology of MRSA, MR-CoNS andESBL producing Gram-negative bacteria in animals

including their environmentB.R. Shome and R. Shome

(A)

(B)


A total of 88 isolates were obtained from goat faecal samples, of which, 54 isolates were confirmed as E. coli by specific multiplex PCR. All 54 isolates were subjected to ABST for detection of ESBL, MBL and Amp C, which indicated 14 isolates to be ESBL showing resistance to any one of cephalosporins /monobactams, 3 were Amp C showing resistance to cephamycins (cefoxitin/cefotetan), 5 were ESBL + MBL, 7 were ESBL +Amp C, 6 were ESBL+ MBL+ AmpC (showing resistance to cephalosporins, cephamycins and carbapenems and 19 isolates were sensitive to all the antibiotics used.

Similarly, a total of 34 non E. coli isolates were also subjected to ABST for detection of ESBL, Amp C and MBL phenotypically. Non E coli isolates (8) were found to be res i s tant to cepha lospor ins / monobactams. They were further confirmed by DDST, IPDD and E-test. Only one isolate was found to be resistant to one of the cephamycins and hence considered to be positive for Amp C. Three isolates were found to be ESBL +MBL, 10 isolates were ESBL +Amp C, one isolate was positive for MBL + Amp C, while 9 isolates were found to be ESBL+ Amp C+ MBL and 2 isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics used.

All ESBL non E. coli (30) isolates were subjected to PCR for detection of ESBL genes (TEM, SHV and CTX-M), of which 2 isolates were positive for both TEM and SHV gene, while 4 isolates were positive only for SHV gene. All TEM and SHV positive isolates (6) were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by genus and species specific PCR. None of the isolates were positive for CTX-M groups. The prevalence of ESBL producing pneumoniae in goat was found to be 17.64%.

A total of 40 milk samples from lactating cows in dairy farm, Karnataka resulted in 36 isolates as E. coli which were screened for beta lactamase genes of family tem and shv by PCR. A total of 12 E. coli isolates were positive for tem gene and rest all were negative for shv gene.

Preliminary studies were performed to evaluate the in-vivo antibacterial efficacy of combination of MAMs and antibiotics. Mice were injected (1 h and 12 h

-1post-infection) with MAM1 (15 mg kg ), doxycycline -1 -1 (100 mg kg ) and MAM1 + doxycyline (15 mg kg +

-1100 mg kg ). The bacterial burdens in thigh muscle of the mice treated with the combination of MAM 1 + doxycyline were found to be significantly (P = 0.03) lower than the saline treated mice (Fig. 5). The preliminary studies showed some potential of combination therapy.

Fig. 5: In-vivo antibacterial efficacy of MAM1 and doxycycline in mouse model. Inset experimental design.


IPC: ANSCNIVEDISIL201200100025 Project ID: IXX08032

Time series data for PPR outbreaks from 2003 to 2013 years in India and Karnataka was collected for epidemiological analysis and estimation of economic losses. Analysis of the monthly occurrence of the disease showed that till August, there were few outbreaks but there after the number increased slowly. Movement of animals due to increased sheep trade also increases the disease incidence.

PPR clinical score card was developed based on the certain scientific inputs acquired during field investigation of outbreaks and assumptions for assessing disease severity pattern during PPR outbreaks in field conditions. Analyses of primary data collected during outbreaks were used for the evaluating the developed clinical scorecard. This card will be useful in assessing the severity of the disease pattern like severe, moderate, mild etc. during PPR outbreaks in sheep and goats in the vaccinated and unvaccinated area. The direct and indirect economic loss due to PPR in sheep and goats

were using the secondary data. Appropriate mathematical models were used to assess the different losses. The various parameters considered for assessing the loss due to PPR were adults and young populations, PPR prevalence (%), adult and young one mortality(%) and morbidity(%) etc. At the optimum incremental prevalence level (10%), the estimated total loss due to PPR in sheep and goats in India was Rs.1611 crores (mortality loss amounts to Rs.1204 crores and morbidity loss was Rs.407 crores). Sensitivity analysis results revealed that the mortality and morbidity loss at the minimum PPR incremental prevalence levels 5% in sheep and goats in India amounts to 805 crores whereas, at the maximum incremental prevalence (15%), the total loss estimated was 2416 crores. Further, secondary data was collected on the National Control Programme of PPR from Karnataka and AP state for assessing the impact of the ongoing NCP-PPR programme in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh states.

Epidemiological survey and estimation of economicimpact of PPR in sheep and goats

V. Balamurugan, G. Govindaraj, P. Krishnamoorthy and M.R. Gajendragad


The sheep and goat pox secondary data was collected from various states of India with the help of NADRES data and other open source websites. The data was restructured according to number of disease outbreaks, number of attacks, number of deaths, month and year. The disease outbreak data collected was stratified in to district, region, month/season and yearwise. A total 3425 pox outbreaks were reported from 2005-2013 from different states in India. There was increasing trend in number of disease outbreaks from 2005 to 2013 then was decline. Highest number of outbreaks were reported from AP. The sheep and goat pox disease outbreaks were more recorded during December to May. The disease

outbreaks were recorded in the month of April 2014 and March 2015 in four unvaccinated flocks. The morbidity and mortality rate in the flock with goats was 70.31% and 46.87%, respectively. The disease intensity was more in young animals (60%) than adults (40%). The morbidity and mortality rate in the flock with mixed population of sheep and goats was 62.22% and 22.22% respectively.The Capripox virus was isolated from the clinical samples (scabs, skin, lungs and swabs) with cytopathic effects such as rounding of cells, clumping and detachment. The Capripox virus was confirmed in the clinical samples and cell culture by p32 gene based PCR and expected specific amplification of

Epidemiology and impact analysis of sheep and goat poxG.B. Manjunatha Reddy, V. Balamurugan, K.P. Suresh, D. Hemadri and S.S. Patil


237 bp product was observed and confirmed as Capripox virus by sequencing. The phylogenetic analysis revealed 94.6% to 100 % homology with all the other Indian Capripox virus isolates at nucleotide as well as aminoacid levels. The previous studies also revealed similar findings, in which Indian isolates were not only closely related to Indian but also to Chinese and standard Indian vaccine strain. The sequences matched 100% between Pox/NIVEDI-1 and Pox/NIVEDI-2 suggesting both the flocks had same virus infection in both sheep and goats (Fig. 6)

Fig. 6: Phylogenetic analysis of Capripox virus isolates based on the partial nucleotide sequence of P32 gene. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor joining algorithm using MEGA 5.1 software.


A total of 94 serum samples were screened for CSFV antibodies, of which 28 samples were found positive (28/94=29.78%). The sera samples were from the fo l l ow ing s t a t e s :Od i sha (1 /5 ) , A runacha l Pradesh(1/1), Meghalaya(0/2), Manipur (0/1), Jharkhand (15/25), Karnataka (11/61). Twenty seven (27) pig blood samples from Karnataka were screened by RT=PCR using the primers specific for 5'UTR and all were found negative. A total of 8 pig tissue samples (pooled spleen, liver, LNs kidney) from Karnataka were screened for CSFV by RT-PCR using primers specific for 5'UTR, NS 5B and E2 genomic region, of which two (2) samples were positive for all the three regions.

A total of 24 E2 sequences obtained as RT-PCR amplicons from different clinical samples from Arunachal Pradesh (6), Karnataka (12), Punjab (1), Andhra Pradesh (3), Maharashtra (1) and Odisha (1) along with 41 reference sequences available in the GenBank. It was found that all the recent CSFV 24 E 2 sequences were grouped into subtype 2.2 gradually dominating the traditional 1.1 group (Fig. 7). However, some more samples need to be screened and other genetic regions of the CSFV should also been analysed.

Epidemiology of Classical swine fever in IndiaS.S. Patil, D. Hemadri. M.R. Gajendragad and H. Rahman

Table. 3: Cumulative seroprevalence of CSF in India during 2010-14

Sl No Year No. Tested No. Positive No. Negative Percent Positivity

1 2010-11 1257 237 1020 18.85

2 2011-12 426 191 235 44.83

3 2012-13 1110 535 575 48.19

4 2013-14 373 160 213 42.8

5 2014-15 94 28 66 29.78

Total 3260 1151 2109 35.30


0.1

JQ411575JQ411570

EU857642AF091661

CSF0919AY775178

DQ127910AY259122

X87939CSF0173

EF026756GQ898892

GQ898890GQ898891

GQ898894GQ898893

GQ898889AY578688

AY578687J04358

JQ411568CSF0130L42434FJ265020

JQ411563CSF0166

JX262391CSF0305

GQ122383KC149991

AY568569GQ923951

CSF0273AF182911

CSF0074JQ411560

AF4073391606 ArP E1609 ArP E1607 ArP E

BNGR2KC533776KC533775

1408 PUN EKDG1

BNGR4HSN1

CKM3MND4

MND1BNGU3

1742 AP E21743 AP E21745 AP E2

1402 MAHA RMN1MYS

1371 KNK EBNGU1

1608 ArP E1644 Odish1612 ArP E1611 ArP E

JQ411571AY646427

1.1

2.1

2.2

3

Fig. 7: Genetic grouping of recent Classical swine fever virus isolates from India based on E2

genomic region.



Ganjam virus is the identical or closely related virus of Nairobi sheep disease virus prevalent in sheep and goats in India. Nairobi sheep disease is a tick transmitted disease characterized by haemorrhagic gastroenteritis and high mortality (over 90%) in susceptible in sheep and goats and prevalent in African countries.Serological investigations have shown the presence of Ganjam Virus neutralizing antibodies in Sheep, Goat, Cattle of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Gujarat, Orissa, Jammu and Kashmir states. Though the serological evidence suggests that Ganjam virus infection of Sheep and Goats does occur, the extent of associated clinical disease, pathology and its epidemiology is not known. Also, there are no diagnostic assays and vaccines available for the timely diagnosis for effective control of the disease.

Under the project, 135 serum, 119 blood and 17 tick pool samples from sheep and goats were collected from different places. Also, 14 human serum samples were collected. The plasmid clone containing 970 bp of Ganjam virus NP gene was re-amplified with primers containing HIS tag sequence. The product was cloned in pGEMT vector.The NdeI and HindIII cut insert in pGEMT vector was subcloned in pET30a vector and the ligation mixture was transformed in BL21 cells. The recombinant colonies were isolated, plasmid DNA extracted and purified. The sample of purified DNA was sequenced to confirm the translating ORF during protein expression. This ORF was found to be in frame with N-terminal HIS tag.

Molecular epidemiology of Ganjam virus in sheep and goatsG.S. Desai (NIVEDI), A.K. Tiwari, G. Ravikumar, Hira Ram (IVRI, Izatnagar)



A total of 2093 cattle, buffalo, horse, donkey and camel serum samples from Karnataka (943), Odisha (71), West Bengal (327) and Rajasthan (752) were screened by ELISA. An overall 586 samples were

found positive for the presence of antibodies of surra. The percentage of sero-positivity in different spps. has been depicted in Fig. 8.

Epidemiological study of surra and fascioliosis in animalsP.P. Sengupta, V. Balamurugan, P. Krishnamoorthy

A total of 222 faecal samples were collected from cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats from Karnataka. Overall 19.81% of the samples were found positive. Among the positive samples, Fasciola was 17%, Strongyles 12%, Amphistome 15%. Thirty two snails

(Lymnea sp.) were collected from Karnataka and subjected to PCR for the presence of Fasciola infection. Over all 13% were found positive in Karnataka for Fasciola infection.

Fig. 8: Antibody detecting ELISA result for the presence of T. evansi antibody


INTER INSTITUTIONAL PROJECTS



IPC: ANSCNIVEDICOL201300400047 Project ID: OXX02385

Livestock provides large sel f -employment opportunities and stability to income especially in the arid and semi-arid regions of the country. The growth of the livestock sector can be increased by focusing on the control of important livestock diseases; most importantly Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD). FMD causes huge loss to livestock farmers besides other stakeholders in the livestock value chain. The magnitude of losses helps in initiating appropriate action; hence, this project was initiated with funding from PDFMD, Mukteshwar and executed in collaboration with AICRP on FMD centres located in eleven states and one Union territory.

Multistage Cluster Random Sampling technique was followed to survey the livestock farms in each of the identified states. In the first stage, three districts with different risk levels were selected in each state. In the second stage, two taluks were randomly selected. In

the third stage, in each of the selected taluks, two blocks were randomly selected. In the fourth stage a cluster comprising 5-10 villages were selected. In the last stage, the individual farmers were randomly selected in the identified cluster. The sample size in each district is 150. The distribution of the sample farmers across vi l lages was based on the proportional representation of cattle rearing households. Appropriate mathematical models were developed to assess milk loss, draught power loss, treatment cost incurred for the FMD infected animal, cost of extra labour engaged for nursing the animal, mortality loss and loss due to distress sale. The results of the study revealed that at all India level, the total estimated direct loss due to FMD during 2013-14 was 23193 crores. Besides all India level, the state level estimates were also derived based on the susceptibility rate of different species, estimated per animal loss etc.

Assessment of Socio-economic impact of FMDand its control in India

G. Govindaraj, S.S. Patil and K.P. Suresh (NIVEDI)B.B. Dash, S. Saravanan,S.S. Pawar,G.K. Sharma(PD-FMD) B. Ganesh Kumar (NAARM),

R.G. Bambal (DADF), J. Mishri (ICAR)

IPC: ANSCNIVEDICIL201400600059 Project ID: IXX11154

Swine influenza is a highly contagious viral infection of pigs that can have significant economic impact on an affected herd. These viruses, now classified as classical-swine H1N1, H1N2 viruses and a widespread novel triple-reassortant H3N2 virus. Influenza A viruses are clinically the most important pathogens and have been responsible for severe pandemics in humans around the globe.In India, though there is interrupted surveillance of seasonal and other human influenza by the medical institutes and the systematic surveillance of HPAI and other influenza of poultry by animal health institute in Bhopal, no systematic epidemiological and

surveillance of animal influenza viruses especially that of swine influenza has been taken up till date. Hence the project is undertaken with the objectives of (i) to understand and identify the circulating influenza virus (type and) subtypes in pigs in India and (ii) to study the genetic heterogeneity of the circulating influenza strains in pigs.Under the project blood, serum and nasal swabs were collected from pigs of different places. Other consumables and the Influenza A antibody ELISA kits were procured from IDEXX. For collection of samples from field the sample frame of pigs is being calculated using the statistical programmes.

Epidemiology of Influenza viruses in pigsG.S. Desai, S.S. Patil (NIVEDI), N.N. Barman (Veterinary College, Khanapara)


IPC: ANSCNIVEDICOP201201100035 ProjectID-IXX09659

Risk analysis of Introduction of Notifiable Avian Influenza(NAI, HPNAI and LPNAI) in India with special referance to

Risk of NAI through Trade and / or Non- trade ActivitiesK.P. Suresh (NIVEDI), D.D. Kulkarni, S. Bhatia, H.V. Murugkar, C. Tosh (NIHSAD, Bhopal)

Risk path analysis has been identified for import of Chicken meat and by-products and live-birds which includes the hazard identification, Release assessment, Exposure assessment and consequence assessment. Total of 15 nodes were identified and estimated the risk probabilities for each node. The total risk probability for five dimensional risk is

estimated to be 0.001636. Quantitative import risk analysis of five countries suggested that France shown to be more risk followed by USA for importing the live birds/chicken/byproducts

The risk of import of AI is estimated for five major countries as shown below

CountryImport

Quantity (MT)Import Quantity(kg)

Estimated Quantity(kg) Import

Risk% of risk

Canada 16.83 16830.0 27.5 0.16

USA 63.88 63880.0 209.4 0.33

France 62.26 62260.0 712.1 1.14

Australia 0.13 130.0 0.06 0.04

Thailand 2.73 2730.0 0.52 0.02


IPC: ANSCNIVEDISIL201300300046 Project ID:IXX10616

Retrospective Epidemiological studies on HPAIwith reference to spatio-temporal pattern

and the probable associated risk factors identificationR. Sridevi (NIVEDI), A.A. Raut (NIHSAD, Bhopal), K.P. Suresh, P. Krishnamoorthy (NIVEDI)

Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of H5N1 outbreaks in India, can provide visual clues to the dynamics of disease spread and of areas at risk, and thus improve the cost-effectiveness of disease control and prevention. In India, from 2006, H5N1 avian influenza disease outbreaks have been reported. This study attempt to describe the AI (H5N1) outbreaks in spatial and temporal aspects of epidemiology and some of the associated risk factor identification. Previously reported HPAI outbreaks were mapped spatially based on the GIS co-ordinates as point maps/dot maps. The spatial outbreak maps for the North Eastern states for various years prepared. The year 2008 had reported more outbreaks compared to other years. Temporal data analysis suggests that there might be three different introductions of disease in that year in different places. Epidemic curves were also plotted. In the year 2008, majority outbreaks occurred in the

districts adjoining the neighbouring countries Bangladesh, Nepal which are endemic to H5N1 avian influenza. H5N1 outbreaks were reported in crows in 2011-12 from Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Orissa, Bihar. Spatial outbreak maps /point map for the crow outbreaks prepared. To study probable associated factors/ risk factors for disease occurrence, questionnaire is the required tool. Hence a preliminary study questionnaire was prepared based on the animal husbandry practices, ecological factors, managemental practices mainly biosecurity measures employed, demographic factors, etc. The questionnaire was prepared targeting the poultry farmers/farm owners. The outbreaks in crows were scattered in occurrence denotes disease spread in different places/locations since the crows are wild /semi domestic species found near human habitations. This poses threat to public health and spread to new locations.

Fig. 9: Spatial map depicting Avian Influenza outbreaks with clusters (2008 -14)


Fig. 10: H5N1 avian influenza outbreaks in crows (2011-12)

MAHARASHTRA, ODISHA, JHARKHAND & BIHAR


IPC: ANSCNIVEDICOP201201400038 Project ID: IXX10059

A total of 553 blood samples were collected (based on stratified random sampling method) from 25 locations in 17 taluks of nine districts Maharashtra. The results show that prevalences vary from as low as 12% (Malshiras taluk) to as high as 90% (Daund Taluk). Overal l prevalence of OvHV-2 in Maharashtra was about 55.5% which is almost double than neighbouring state Karnataka. The study also indicated that prevalence is not uniform

not only within state but also within the districts. Areas of high prevalence and low prevalence co-existed even at the village level. Interestingly, study also provided indications that in the Southern-most regions (Solapur, Kolhapur districts) of Maharashtra , the prevalence (Fig. 11a, 11b) is half of the state average. Sheep migrations from these regions mostly occur to parts of Karnataka, where the disease prevalence is low

Cross-sectional surveillance of Malignant CatarrhalFever infection in domestic and wild ruminants in

Southern IndiaD. Hemadri, S.S. Patil, M.R. Gajendragad, K.P. Suresh (NIVEDI),Richa Sood, Manoj Kumar, Victoria Chanu (NIHSAD, Bhopal)

Sheep density in Telangana state (Fig.12) varies from 10-225 sheep per square km, with highest sheep density at Mahaboob Nagar. As crowding plays important role in the spread of Ovine herpes virus-2 (OvHV-2), the villages were classified into three different strata based on sheep density and

proportionate samples were drawn randomly. Accordingly, 260 blood samples were collected from three districts (Mahaboobnagar, Warrangal and Nalgonda) and 11 mandals. The results are given below.

Fig. 11: a. Spline and b. IDW interpolation showing regions of high and low prevalence of OvHV-2 in Maharashtra

Percent Prevalence

MCF


District/Mandals Percent Prevalence

Mahbubnagar 44.92

Chinnachintakunta 16.67

Kollapur 58.82

Makthal 66.67

Pangal 23.53

Peddamandadi 70.59

Telkapalle 11.11

Veepangandla 52.29

Nalgonda 79.41

Bhongir 70.59

Bibinagar 88.24

Warangal 20.59

Ghanpur 14.71

Thorrur 26.47

Grand Total 43.03Fig.12: Sample locations in the backdrop of sheep density

The results indicated that Nalgonda district has prevalence which is higher than the state average, where as Warrangal district has average lower than the state average.


EXTERNALLY FUNDED PROJECTS



IPC: ANSCNIVEDIISOP200900500017 Project ID: OXX02232

During the period under report, 678 serum samples (69 bovine, 372 sheep & goat, 51 horse and 186 Human) were tested for antibodies against Leptospira, Listeria and Toxoplasma by Microscopic agglutination test, Listeriolysin-O base iELISA and Latex agglutination test, respectively. High seropositivity was found with the Leptospira, followed by Listeria and Toxoplasma respectively. All

the three zoonotic diseases, clearly shows the concurrent occurrence of the multiple zoonotic diseases in livestock and human beings. Hence regular monitoring of the zoonotic diseases by sensitive diagnostic tests, good management practices in fields, awareness campaigns are essential for control of diseases.

Outreach Programme on Zoonotic DiseasesV. Balamurugan, P.P. Sengupta and R. Sridevi

Table 4: Sero-prevelance of leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and listeriosis

SpeciesTotal samples

analysed

Leptospirosis Listeriosis Toxoplasmosis

MAT LAT PCR LLO ELISA LAT

Sheep 113 11 0 0 0 0

Goat 259 74 14 0 0 0

Horse 51 4/51 0 0 0 0

Human 186 2/36 96 10 0/13 19/72

Cattle 69 0 28 0 11 10

Total 678 91 138 10 11 29

Listeriolysin–O, a major virulence factor involved in pathogenesis was harvested from L.monocytogenes

0cultures grown at 37 C for 16 hrs on brain heart infusion broth and cell free supernatant was precipitated by ammonium sulphate purified by DEAE agarose anion exchange chromatography, tested by SDS-PAGE/ Western Blot and evaluated by IELISA with hyper immune sera raised in rabbits. Lateral Flow Assay kits for Listeria diagnosis was des igned in co l laborat ion wi th M/s Ubio Biotechnology systems Pvt Ltd., Cochin using

Listeriolysin–O and Colloidal gold conjugated Protein G and the test was evaluated with 405 number of serum samples of livestock and humans. LFA tests showed 100% agreement with LLO based Indirect ELISA. But LFA test device failed to detect anti Listeria antibodies in blood sample analysis. Further improvement and validation of the test device with commercially available OIE complaint kit is required to make it suitable for field use and blood samples for greater sensitivity.

Table 5: Screening of samples serological tests for listeriosis

SpeciesTotal No .of

SamplesLLO iELISA

PositiveSerum LFA

PositiveBlood LFA

Positive

Cattle 170 11/170 11/170 0/170

Sheep and Goat 119 7/119 7/119 0/19

Human 116 0/116 0/116 0/116

Total 405 18/405 18/405 0/305

Percentage positive 4.45% 4.45% 0.00


Diagnosis of leptospirosis depends upon the isolation of leptospires f rom cl in ical specimens or serodiagnosis in paired acute and convalescent serum samples. Conventional PCR assays have been developed, but all have limitations which restricted their widespread use. In order to overcome these limitations, multiplex PCR using two primer set targeted at 16s RNA (331bp) and ligB (434bp) gene, which are conserved in pathogenic Leptospira. Lept 1 & 2 can detect the samples positive for the

Leptospira whereas Lig B 3 & 4 detects samples for pathogenic Leptospira was developed. Using around 18 pathogenic Leptospira and one non - pa thogen i c Lep to sp i r a DNA, a s say was standardized. Any serum/blood/plasma/urine (DNA extracted) samples from human showing the symptoms of the Leptospira such as fever, pyrexia and jaundice etc., can be tested for the presence of pathogenic Leptospira.

Table 6: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in humans

State/District Samples Tested Samples Positive Percentage Positive

Andhra Pradesh 51 13 13/51 (25.49%)

Karnataka 28 5 5/28 (17.85%)

West Bengal 69 0 0/60 (0.00%)

Grand Total 148 18 18/148 (12.16%)

IPC:ANSCNIVEDISOP201200600030 Project ID: OXX01504

Bluetongue has not been officially reported from Maharashtra for almost a decade. Since, vaccination against bluetongue is not in practice, the antibodies to bluetongue virus in a susceptible animal species like sheep essentially indicates the virus circulation in the field. A serological survey was conducted based on a predetermined sampling plan. Briefly, the sampling plan consisted of classifying the villages into three categories and allotting the samples proportionately to each category and then selecting the samples randomly within each category. A total of 562 serum samples from nine districts (23 taluks) of Maharashtra were collected (Fig. 13) and screened for the presence of antibodies to BTV using a commercial kit.

Fig. 13: Map showing sampled locations in the backdrop of district-wise sheep density in Maharashtra state (Deeper the colour, higher the density).

All India Network Programme on Bluetongue (AINPBT)D. Hemadri


The results indicated that a high proportion (492/562, 87.54%) samples are positive. Overall prevalence of bluetongue in Maharashtra varied from 82.3 (CI 95% 71-89.8%) to 100%. Taluk wise analysis of results indicated that Haveli and Daund have lower prevalence, 59.1 & 66.7 respectively as compared to rest of the taluks in the state. Age wise analysis of results indicated that the disease is less prevalent in animals less than 1 year of age, while most (85%) of the animals get exposed to the virus by two years of age. The number of affected animals increases as the age increases. Taken together, the results clearly indicate that BTV is circulating in the Maharashtra and higher prevalence could be one of

the reasons for animals not showing overt clinical signs.

A total of 230 clinical samples (blood) were collected from suspected bluetongue outbreaks from seven districts (Chikkaballapur, Koppal, Raichur, Bagalkot, Gadag, Davanagere, Tumkur) of Karnataka and two districts (Erode, Tiruppur), of Tamil Nadu. All the samples were initially screened by antigen ELISA kit supplied by IVRI Mukteswar. Preliminary analysis of clinical samples by PCR has indicated involvement of serotypes 1 and 2 in the outbreaks. Following processing of clinical samples in insect cell line was done.

IPC:ANSCNIVEDICOL201201500039 Project ID:OXX02733

Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease of major economic importance in animals and human. The DBT-Network Project on Brucellosis is a multi-instuitional Pan-India programme aimed at prevention and control of brucellosis in the country. The project has different subunits on brucellosis epidemiology (8), Brucellosis diagnostics (3), Brucellosis vaccine (2), Brucellosis repository (1) and Brucellosis bioinformatics (1), with overall monitoring of project entrusted to Project Monitoring Unit (PMU) at NIVEDI, Bengaluru. PMU is involved in co-ordinating different activities of all the subunits under DBT Network Project on Brucellosis. Monitoring the research activities of different centres by means of monthly and quarterly reports, also submitting the compiled monthly, quarterly and annual reports to DBT. PMU Coordinated the Mid te rm Rev iew Meet a t Ahmedabad in collaboration with BE-2 Unit, SDAU (08.08.2014)

and Annual Review Meet at Jawaharlal Nehru University JNU, New Delhi in collaboration with BV-

st nd 1 Unit, JNU (21 -22 November, 2014). Regularly sending the updates on different activities undertaken under the project by different subunits to web manager for the updating and maintenance of DBT-Brucellosis website. PMU organized DBT sponsored “Hands on Training on quantitative Real

nd thtime PCR for diagnosis of brucellosis” from 2 - 4 , June, 2014 at NIVEDI, Bengaluru and coordinated Brucella Isolation workshop at IVRI, Izatnagar for the PI/CoPIs/contractual staff working under different subunits of network project. PMU co-ordinated in sending the serum samples, bacterial cultures, Brucella antigens procurement, DNA between the different subunits. PMU also undertook the validation of different Brucella diagnostic kits developed under the project.

DBT - Network Project on BrucellosisProject Monitoring Unit (PMU)

H. Rahman and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy


IPC: ANSCNIVEDISOP201201600040 Project ID:OXX02578

Bovine serum samples (n=685) collected from different farms were screened for brucellosis by RBPT and Protein G based Indirect ELISA. Of 685 samples,

52 (7.59%) and 49 (7.15%) samples were positive by RBPT and iELISA respectively. The cumulative sero monitoring result has been presents in Table (7).

DBT Network project: Brucellosis Epidemiology (BE-1)Rajeswari Shome, B.R. Shome and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

Table 7: Cumulative results of seroprevalence study of brucellosis

Species No. of Farms No. of samples RBPT ELISA Percentage

Cattle 9 685 52 49 7.59

Buffalo 3 202 82 82 40.59

Goat 3 194 6 6 3.0

Sheep 4 166 11 Not Done 6.63

Pig 5 113 49 Not Done 43.36

Total 24 1360 200 (14.70%) 137 (10.07%)

A total of 153 serum samples were tested to detect the presence of brucella antibodies by LFA and three other serological tests i.e., RBPT, protein G based iELISA, and competitive ELISA (cELISA). The performances of LFA and other serological tests were evaluated using cELISA as the gold standard. Serological tests revealed 50% of the animals were seropositive for Brucella antibodies and correlated with clinical history of abortions, infertility, and productive failures. The newly developed assay showed 87.1% and 92.6% sensitivity and specificity, which was even higher than the specificity of RBPT. Three Brucella abortus were recovered from eight vaginal swabs and 4 cattle placenta samples processed for isolation confirmed by biochemical

tests, bcsp genus (223bp product) and species specific PCRs (AMOS and Bruce ladder) during the period. MLST typing of 3 Karnataka isolates (DBT BE1-C3, C4 and C5) and six DNA samples from Gujarat and one each from Assam and Punjab have been completed and all the 11 B. abortus were found to be sequence type 1. So far, 25 MLST sequences of field isolates were analysed which revealed 4 different STs having a genetic similarity to the global isolates. Lateral Flow assay for anti brucella IgM and anti brucella IgG has been developed for the diagnosis of the human brucellosis and evaluated with field based RBPT test for 1033 samples and the details of test performance and characteristics are presented in Table 8.

Diagnostic parameterIgM and IgG

Combined LFA95% CI

Sensitivity 84.00 70.88 - 92.81

Specificity 99.80 99.27 - 99.97

Positive Likelihood Ratio (PLR) 412.86 102.85 - 1657.23

Negative Likelihood Ratio (NLR) 0.16 0.08 - 0.30

Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 95.45 84.50 - 99.31

Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 99.19 98.41 - 99.65

Table 8: Performance of LFA for human brucellosis


IPC: ANSCNIVEDISOP201201700041 Project ID: OXX02384

Four target genes were identified (bls, bp26, sod c, p39) for the production of either individual and/or multiple recombinant proteins which can be used in diagnostics. All the four genes were amplified from Brucella abortus S99 strain, TA cloning performed in pGEMT easy vector in Top 10 F'cells and further inserts were sub-cloned into pET32a vector at EcoRI and Not I sites. E. coli BL21 (DE3 pLysS) cells were transformed with recombinant plasmids. Expression carried out by induction with IPTG using standard conditions and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. E. coli BL21 cells transformed with recombinant bls and bp 26 gene were induced at 30C using 1mM IPTG for the

expression. Samples were collected at 6h post induction and were analyzed in SDS-PAGE. Further, express ion was car r ied out wi th vary ing concentration of IPTG at time intervals. The IPTG concentration was optimized at 1mM for rBLS, whereas for rBp26 at 0.5mM for five hours. The expressed recombinant Brucella proteins viz. rBLS (36 kDa), rBP26 (44 kDa) were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and western blot using anti-Histidine HRPO conjugate (1:6000). Purification of recombinant proteins was standardized using Ni-NTA column and the fractions were assayed by SDS-PAGE.

DBT-Network project: Brucellosis Diagnostics (BD-2)V. Balamurugan, M. Nagalingam, Rajeswari Shome and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

Standardization of ELISA using recombinant protein (s) was carried out. Briefly, 96 well micro titer plates were coated with 100µl per well with recombinant BLS antigen and Bp26 (1 µg/well) in PBS buffer. Positive and negative sera (1 in 25) and the anti-bovine IgG HRP conjugate (1:7000) diluted in blocking buffer was used. The optimum antigen concentration of BLS and Bp26 recombinant antigen was found to be 0.5 µg /well and 1 µg/well. Serum and conjugate dilution was determined as 1:10 and 1:5000 dilutions. Optimization of ELISA reactivity was determined with purified, dialyzed and concentrated B -26 /BLS antigen concentration P

(from 0.5 µg to 8 µg/well in PBS) using checker board titration with positive and negative cattle serum

samples (dilution from 6.25 to 200) in order to determine the working dilution of positive and negative reactivity. A serum dilution of 1:10 with an antigen concentration of 0.5 or 1 micro gram found working well with the large window of negative reactivity ratio of 5.54 in case of BLS protein, 2.7 in case of B -26 protein. This optimum working dilution P

is going to be used for further standardization of recombinant antigen based ELISA either as single protein or together for screening of serum samples for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. Further, two genes sod c gene and p 39 of B. abortus were amplified from B.abortus S99 strian and cloned into pGEMT easy vector. Subsequently, sub-cloning of insert into pET32a vector and expression is in progress.

Fig. 14: Western blot analysis of recombinant BLS and BP26 protein of B. abortus


IPC: ANSCNIVEDISOL201200400028 Project ID:OXX01505

T h e , ex p r e s s i o n o f P P R V i r u s ( P P R V ) haemagglutinin (H) and Nucelocapsid (N) protein in Escherichia coli (BL21) was envisaged to evaluate the potential use of recombinant protein as a diagnostic antigen in ELISA. The coding gene sequences for the immunogenic region of PPR vaccine strain viral H and N was amplified, cloned and expressed in E.coli. The expressed protien was characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot using a PPRV specific serum, anti-His Tag conjugate, that confirmed PPRV specific recombinant protein (s). Results of all these expression studies showed that, the PPRV protein (s) was expressed as insoluble fraction (inclusion bodies) in the bacterial host. Then Ni-NTA purification method was standardized for purification of the expressed recombinant proteins in E. coli. On column refolding methods with different concentration of urea were used and optimized to obtain the expressed protein in native soluble form

and was used as coating antigen in the ELISA for its suitability as diagnostic antigen. The characterization and reactivity of the protein in indirect ELISA was assessed using known positive and negative serum samples with respect to PPRV antibodies to optimize the reactivity and checked with whole PPRV antigen based indirect ELISA. Standardization and evaluation of recombinant antigen based indirect ELISA has been completed using 395 field samples, which showed 97.97% sensitivity and 99.49% specificity. Further evaluated recombinant N and H antigen based indirect ELISA using 194 field samples, which showed 61 samples showed positive and 133 were negative with respect to PPRV antibodies. Further standardization and evaluation of both recombinant PPRV H and PPRV N protein based ELISA for sero diagnosis of PPR in sheep and goats is in progress.

Development of recombinant antigen based diagnostics forsurveillance of Peste des Petits Ruminants

V. Balamurugan, M. Nagalingam and D. Hemadri

IPC: ANSCNIVEDICOP2012019 00043 Project ID:OXX02254

Sero surveillance and association of Toll-like receptors,Th1-Th2 status and Viral genotypes in susceptibility and

severity of PPR among Goats and Sheep of North-East IndiaV. Balamurugan, M. Nagalingam and D. Hemadri

Seroprevalence and virus genotyping study of PPR virus from sheep and goats in NE India was envisaged to know the status of PPR. Serum samples of goats and sheep from the North Eastern India submitted or collected through AICRP centres of NIVEDI and collected sample submitted by the lead parent collaborating Institute to NIVEDI were screened for PPRV-specific antibodies by using PPR Competitive ELISA kit.

A total of 391 serum samples (318 random and 73 outbreak/suspected) were collected from 28 districts in 7 states (Meghalaya, Assam, Manipur, Nagaland,

Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura and Mizoram) of NE India. Analysis of 391 serum samples indicated that an overall seroprevalence of 17.90 % [CI 95 % 14.40–22.00] in goats {45.2 % in suspected [CI 95 % 34.32–56.58] and 11.63 % in random [CI 95 % 8.56–15.63] samples} in NE India. As expected prevalence was high in outbreaks vis-a-vis random samples. Further, a total of 165 goat serum samples have been received (148 samples processed) from 3 states and 10 districts of North Eastern region in India i.e., Meghalaya (Burnihat distr ict), Assam (Lakhimpur, Nagaon, Burnihat GRS, Kamrup, Dhubri, Dhemaji, Karbi Anglong, Khanapara


district), Nagaland (Medziphema district), Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh ( . Overall, a total of Papum Pare)266 serum samples (Goats) were collected from 22 districts in six states of NE India. Analysis of 266 samples indicated that an overall sero-prevalence of 27.11% and 16.89% in goats. The random survey results has specific implication in epidemiological perspectives, since it highlights the exact PPR prevalence under natural situations, where the subclinical, in apparent or nonlethal or recovery of

infection was suspected in goats, as samples were collected from unvaccinated animals. It also warrants appropriate control measures against PPR in NE region to prevent spread of infection besides widespread presence of the disease in rest of India.The phylogenetic analysis of the N and F gene sequences of PPRV from the suspected clinical goat samples revealed circulation of lineage IV virus in NE regions.

Fig. 15: PPRV N-gene based phylogenetic analysis showed that Assam virus belongs to lineage IV

PPRV Rjk/Guj/05

PPRV Ana/Guj/05

PPRV Ind.Sungri 1996

PPRV Bsk/Guj/05

PPRV Ptn/Guj/05

PPRV Meh/Guj/05

PPRV Ind.Bhopal 2003

PPRV Ind.Revati 2005

PPRV Ind.Jhansi 2003

PPRV Turkey 2000

PPRV Ind.Assam/2014/G

PPRV China/Tibet/ 0701

PPRV China/Tibet/08-1/B

PPRV China/Tibet/ 0702

PPRV Nigeria 1975

PPRV Nigeria 1976

PPRV ICV89

100

72

63

93

61

97

63

31

36

64

100

51

36

29

0.02


IPC:ANSCNIVEDISOL201200500029 Project ID: OXX01506

Exploring VSG recombinant protein, (VSG & ISG) their corresponding mAbs, flagellar antigen of T. evansi competitive Inhibition (Ab detecting) and double antibody sandwich ELISA (Ag detecting) were developed. The application for patenting of CI-ELISA has been filed. (Patent application no. 370/CHE/2015). A Total of 1485 cattle and buffaloes, horse, donkey and camel serum samples from Karnataka (895), Odisha (63), West Bengal (225) and Rajasthan (302) were screened by ELISA.

An overall 280 samples were found positive for the presence of antibodies of surra. The sero-positive percentage in different spps. has been depicted in Fig. 16.

These tests are expected to be very helpful in su r ve i l l ance and con t ro l p rog ramme o f trypanosomosis in the country. They have been designed in such a way that each single test can be employed to screen any species of animals.

Development of newer economical sensitive diagnostics forthe detection of carrier status of surra for surveillance

P.P. Sengupta, V. Balamurugan and M. Nagalingam,

Fig. 16: CI-ELISA result for the presence of T.evansi antibody

A total of 752 blood samples collected from Cattle, Buffaloes, Horse and Camel were subjected to Ag-ELISA and PCR for the presence of T.evansi antigen.

A total of 22% was found to be positive for the presence of T. evansi antigen. The detail has been shown in Fig 17.

Fig. 17: Ag-ELISA and PCR result in animals for the presence of T.evansi antigen



Sub-Project 1: Surveillance and Molecular analysis of MRSA, MR-CoNS, VRE, ESBL, and Carbapenemase producing gram negative bacteria in Farm animals and the animal handlers

in North East Region in IndiaB.R. Shome, K.P. Suresh, P. Krishnamoorthy

NER Centre for Advanced Animal Disease Diagnostics andServices on Animal on Health and Diseases (ADSAHD)

A total of 20 stab cultures were received from Meghalaya. The samples were brought to live culture on respective medium. On subculture a sum of 21 isolates were obtained. Genotypic identification and sequencing data revealed different Staphylococcus species (n=17), Enterococcus species (n=3) and Brevibacterium species/Corynebacterium species (n=1).PCR screening for mecA (n=21) showed all isolates to be negative for mecA gene. A total of 21 nasal swabs were received from Arunachal Pradesh.

On subculture a sum of 20 isolates were obtained. Staphylococcus genus specific PCR confirmed 8 isolates as Staphylococcus spp and species specific PCR identified 5 isolates as S. sciuri and one as S. haemolyticus by m-PCR. None of the isolates (n=20) were positive for mecA gene by mecA PCR. Two Staphylococcus isolates which did not amplify by m- PCR showed to be uncultured clones by BLAST result.

IPC: ANSCNIVEDISOL201400200055 Project ID: OXX03176

Sub-Project 2: Sero-Epidemiology study of Brucellosis in livestock in North-East states of India using ELISA and Fluorescent Polarization Assay

Rajeswari Shome, R. Sridevi and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

Sero-epidemiology study of Brucellosis in livestock in North-East states of India using ELISA and F luo re scen t Po la r i za t i on As say. Fo r the standardization of Fluorescence Polarization two batches O- polysaccharide(OPS) from standard Strain of B. abortusS99 was extracted by using acetic acid method as per OIE (2011). OPS based

iELISAwas standardized and compared with in house developed Protein-G iELISA using a 200 standard panel of serum samples and has shown the 90% sensitivity and 78.33% specificity. These serum samples, containing 60 positives and 140 negatives for brucellosis will be used for the evaluation of fluorescence polarization Assay


Sub-Project 3: Epidemiology study of Classical Swine Fever virus (CSF), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) and TarqueTenoViruse (TTV) from

North-East (NE) region of IndiaD. Hemadri, S.S. Patil, V. Balamurugan, G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

A total of 29 blood samples from Karnataka were tested for CSFV out of which two samples were found positive by antigen ELISA. Hundred serum samples from Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh were screened for CSFV out of which 26 samples were found positive by antibody ELISA. Tissue samples (lungs, spleen and liver) from Udupi, Karnataka were

processed for detection of TTV genogroup 1 and 2, the samples were found to be positive for genogroup 2. The tissue samples collected from one of the pig farm from Udupi (Karnataka).These samples screen for PRRSV through PCR and found to be positive and amplicon length 121bps



Sub-Project 4: Development of Infectious Disease Information System (IDIS) and Risk assessment models for Trans-boundary animal diseases (TAD) & other emerging livestock

diseases in NE region of IndiaK.P. Suresh, G. Govindaraj, S.S. Patil, M.R. Gajendragad

Poisson, Negative Binomial and Zero inflated models were performed to fit the CSF data, Zero-inflated Negative Binomial model provided the best for CSF data (Data taken from NADRES, NIVEDI).Climate

data (4176 records) for rainfall, temperature (Min and Max) for all the states of North Eastern region were collected, compiled and database developed from 1991 to 2014

IPC: ANSCNIVEDICOP201300500048 Project ID: OXX02582

The questionnaire was prepared for collection of data during outbreak investigation and sent to main centre for collection of data. The main centre was also advised for collection of secondary disease in the given format from state animal husbandry departments. The pox virus vaccine strain was adopted in vero cells and standardized the cell culture procedure for isolation of field pox viruses from

clinical samples. Further preparation of extension material for farmers/field veterinarians is in progress, which has to be submitted to main centre for further preparing in local languages suitable for NE states of India. The pox viral disease outbreak data and the livestock population data was compiled for NER states for epidemiological analysis.

Sero-serveillance, molecular characterization andepidemiology of pox viral infections in animals from

North-Eastern region of IndiaG.B. Manjunatha Reddy and V. Balamurugan

IPC: ANSCNIVEDICOP201300600049 Project ID:OXX02583

Under this project a stratified random sampling plan for the collection of samples from the states of Arunachal, Nagaland and Manipur has been

designed. Collected samples are being screened at NIHSAD Bhopal.

Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of BVD in ruminantswith special reference to Mithun (Bos frontalis)

in North-Eastern States of IndiaD. Hemadri and S.S.Patil



Two isolates of Mannheimia haemolytica from 42 nasal swabs were isolated and identified by biochemical identification. The protocols for isolation and identification of M. haemolytica from nasal swabs were standardized in the laboratory. Two out of 42 DNA samples extracted from 42 nasal samples enriched in Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI) amplified specific product for P. multocida in PCR. However P. multocida could not be isolated on 10% sheep blood agar and hence the direct detection in broth culture appears to be promising for diagnosis of very fastidious bacteria like P. multocida. The limited sample screening clearly indicated involvement of P. multocida in respiratory infections of yak. Failure to isolate may be due to deterioration of nasal sample quality during shipment or over growth by other non fastidious bacteria.

From the set of 42 nasal samples, three cultures have been identified as K. pneumonia by biochemical tests, genus (441bp) and species specific (108bp) PCRs. Simultaneous detection of both genus and pathogenic species of K. pneumonia is a paramount importance while confirming the isolates from clinical samples. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test, K. pneumonia isolates were found sensitive to most of the antibiotics but shown resistance towards co-trimoxazole.

The other most dominant bacteria in the mixed cultures recovered were Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., E.coli, Proteus sp., etc. The suspected staphylococcal cultures were confirmed by bio-physiological tests, 842bp in genus and species specific PCR, 7 isolates as S. sciuri (306bp) and one as S. haemolytica (539bp). The characterized S. sciuri and S. haemolytica isolates were deposited in the ICAR-VTCC, Hissar. Nasal swab (N=42) samples were processed for IBR virus isolation in MDBK monolayer and similarly, the DNA extracted from nasal swabs were subjected to PCR using primers specific for the region tk, gB, gC,gD and US1 region and all were found to be negative. A total of 42 serum samples collected from yak were screened by IBR Indirect ELISA and 40 out 42 (95.23%) were positive for IBR antibody. This result clearly indicates very high prevalence of IBR among yak population of Arunachal Pradesh. PCR assays for amplification of P. multocida species primers was used for direct detect ion f rom the c l in ica l samples . The predominance of K. pneumonia was evident in the respiratory infections of yak in the processed samples and hence a multiplex PCR has been standardized for simultaneous detection of the genus and species of Klebsiella using primer gyrA gene for genus and ropB gene for species. This PCR will be used in future screening of more number of clinical samples for direct detection of K. pneumonia from the respiratory infections.

Aetio-Pathology and molecular epidemiology of bacterialand viral diseases associated with the respiratory

problems of yak in the North-Eastern Region of IndiaRajeswari Shome, S.S. Patil and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy



A total number of 31 bovine sera samples from Mizoram were tested for IBR (BoHV-1) antibodies. Ten samples were found positive for IBR antibodies and the percent positivity was 32.25(10/31). A total number of 43 blood samples from Mizoram were subjected to DNA extraction and performed PCR for

BoHV-1. All samples were found negative for Bohv-1 infection by gD region specific primer.

A total of 359 bovine serum samples from Meghalaya were screened, of which 230 samples were found positive for IBR antibodies (64.06%)

Serosurveillance and molecular epidemiology of BovineHerpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) infection in bovines of

North-Eastern states of Mizoram, Meghalaya and TripuraS.S. Patil, D. Hemadri and H. Rahman


The DBT sponsored twinning project on bluetongue aims to study the prevalence of the said disease in North Eastern states of Manipur, Meghalaya and Assam, where substantial small ruminant population

is present. The project was launched in February, 2015 and in the project about 150 serum samples from various locations of the above three states have been collected.

Serosurveillance isolation and molecular characterization ofbluetongue virus in sheep and goats of

Tripura and Assam statesD. Hemadri and V. Balamurugan


The present study addresses the differential efficacy of diagnosis by different rabies diagnostic tests and molecular epidemiology by partial N gene sequencing. During this period we have collected brain samples from Indian veterinary research institute (IVRI), Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh (15), Gujarat (4), Veterinary College, Bangalore, Karnataka (94) and Kerala (11). Along with these domestic animal samples we have received the brain sample from wild life (3). All the samples were subjected to different diagnostic methods like dFAT staining, Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), Real time PCR (q-PCR). All samples were initially subjected to dFAT staining against Nucleoprotein antigen, 45 samples were found positive among 124 (Fig. 18). The RNA

was isolated from all the samples and tested for Nucleoprotein gene amplification by RT-PCR and RT-qPCR, it was standardized using PVS strain of rabies virus. RNA was isolated from 124 samples and subjected to PCR, of which 46 were found positive. All positive samples were sent to sequencing, out of 46 positive samples 36 samples of sequences were received correctly and edited these sequences with the compassion of standard PV strain sequence by using Meg-Align software. The sequences were aligned by clastal-W and phylogenetic tree (Fig.19) was constructed with the reference sequence using MEGA5.10 bioinformatics tool. The same 124 samples of RNA was used for c-DNA synthesis using RevertAid c-DNA synthesis kit and used for SYBR

Molecular diagnosis and epidemiology of rabies in LivestockG.B. Manjunatha Reddy


Fig. 18: dFAT staining of Rabies suspected samples : Positive test of dFAT staining showing that bright dusty apple green flouresence.

Fig. 19: Phylogenetic tree for N gene sequences revealing all the isolates belonging to genotype-I of rabies virus are of arctic lineage.

Green Real time PCR. Six additional samples were found positive by QPCR assay compared to RT-PCR, total 52 samples were found positive by SYBR Green real time PCR assay. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the 3 diagnostic tests.

Sensitivity and specificity of dFAT is 94.23% and 94.4% respectively with respect to RT-qPCR. Sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR is 100% and 91.02% respectively with respect to RT-qPCR.


IPC: ANSCNIVEDICOL201300400047 Project ID: OXX02581

The main objectives of the NIVEDI center of the NSPAAD are

I. To Development of Database frame work for Aquatic Animal Disease Surveillance

II. To develop the software for the surveillance programme.

During the year under report, with the consultation of the fisheries scientists, a MS Access based software for collection of baseline data was developed. It was sent for validation to all the centers of the project through the National coordinator. (Fig. 20). The data regarding Fish diseases and Fisheries related information like Fish resources, Fish catch information, facilities and training provided to Fish farmers and their community etc with reference to Karnataka state have been included.

National Surveillance Programme for AquaticAnimal Diseases (NSPAAD)

M.R. Gajendragad, K.P. Suresh and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

Fig. 20: Screen shot of the software



In the project, which was initiated in November, 2014, till date 143 clinical samples from bluetongue suspected cases have been collected from 30 locations in seven districts of Karnataka (Fig. 21 ). Of

the 143 samples screened by a sandwich ELISA, 120 samples have been found to contain bluetongue antigen. Cell culture isolation of positive samples is underway.

Development of diagnostic systems, reference collectionand molecular epidemiology studies for important

arboviral pathogens of livestock in IndiaD. Hemadri


The project under National Innovation on Climate Resilient Agriculture entitled “Livestock disease surveillance in relation to weather data and emergence of new pathogens”, Project No. 1006540, Scheme code: 13921 started in March 2015. Minor equipments, consumables etc. were

purchased utilizing 56.94% of fund received. Recruitment of staff was carried and technical programme of the project was presented in the technical programme workshop at CRIDA, Hyderabad.

National Innovation on Climate Resilient Agriculture(NICRA) - Livestock disease surveillance in relation to

weather data and emergence of new pathogensB.R. Shome, P. Krishnamoorthy, K.P. Suresh, G.B. Manjunatha Reddy, S.S. Patil,

G. Govindaraj, R. Yogisharadhya and A. Prajapati

Fig. 21: Location of bluetongue suspected outbreaks in Karnataka during 2014-15.



INSTITUTE SERVICE PROJECTS




During the year 2014, a total of 5577 records pertaining to various diseases were uploaded to the NADRES server. The data originated from 30 states

of the country. An analysis of the data showed that the parasitic diseases are the top diseases reported (Fig. 22).

National Animal DiseaseReferral Expert System (NADRES)M.R. Gajendragad, K.P. Suresh and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

Fig. 22: Top ten diseases reported from the country during 2014

It may be noted that amongst the top ten diseases, five are parasitic diseases. Fascioliasis is the top most disease. The trend shows that due to increased awareness and appropriate control measures taken up by the government, the incidence of the infectious diseases has reduced. Coccidiosis, a parasitic disease of poultry, is in the second place. This call for a re-look into the management of the poultry farm and bring in suitable changes and to introduce suitable control measures. Two more poultry diseases viz., CRD and ND, also figure in the top ten diseases. The emergence of these two diseases is to be looked as a fresh threat to the industry. Three protozoan diseases,

viz., Trypanosomosis, Babesiosis and Theileriasis, have been recorded. Babesia and theileria need vectors for their transmission and care should be taken to control the vector in addition to tackling the disease itself. Strict management measures are required for prevention of Typanosoma transmission. The other infectious disease noticed are FMD, Foot rot and Sheep & Goat pox. FMD has been reported extensively throughout the country whereas foot rot has been restricted to certain pockets. Recording of Sheep and Goat pox shows the need for good vaccination programme to control this malady (Fig. 23).


Fig. 23: Spatial distribution of major livestock diseases recorded during 2014.

The seasonality of the occurrence of the major diseases was studied. It was observed that the parasitic diseases did not show any specific seasonality. FMD and Sheep & Goat pox occurred more during winter whereas foot rot occurred throughout the year with nearly equal frequency.

CRD initiated during the summer months and continued till the end of winter. The highest number of Ranikhet disease (ND) outbreaks were during summer but continued throughout the year except pre-summer. (Fig.24).

Fig. 24: Seasonal incidence of livestock diseases during 2014.

Apart from updating the livestock disease database the other databases such as meteorological data, livestock demography were also updated. Data of the

th19 livestock census was obtained from the

Department of Agriculture, Dairying and Fisheries, collated and formatted as per the requirement for epidemiological analysis.



A total of 3459 sera samples received from 7 AICRP collaboration centers were screened in the year 2 0 1 4 - 2 0 1 5 . A m o n g t h e s e s a m p l e s Cattle=7(0.54%), Buffalo=2(0.33%) and Goat=14 (0.97%) have shown seropositivity for brucellosis and all the screened pigs and sheep samples were found negative for anti brucella antibodies. An overall prevalence of 0.66% (23/3459) was found as positive (Table 9). During the period, camel (n= 760), equine (n=210) and yak (n= 113) serum samples were screened for brucellosis by indirect Protein G based ELISA and 0.9 % and 2% Camel and Equine, samples were seropositive respectively and none of the Yak samples were seropositive. Bovine: A total of 12,054 [cattle (n )-9236, buffaloes 1

(n ) -2818] bovine serum samples from 373 districts 2

of 15 states of the country were randomly collected and tested by Protein G iELISA. True prevalence of disease was found to be 8.3% and 3.6%, in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. Except Manipur state, in all other states higher prevalence was found in cattle than buffaloes. Small ruminants: A total of 8971 samples [sheep (n ) - 4925, goat (n ) -4036] from 1 2

different states of the country were randomly collected and tested by indigenously developed iELISA kit. True prevalence of disease was found to be 5.5% (95% CI: 4.6-6.3%) and 2.3(95% CI: 1.5-3.1), in sheep and goat, respectively. Porcine: A total of 2576 random serum samples screened in 10 states, 365 were positive by iELISA with true prevalence of 7.2% (95%CI 5.6-8.7).

Seroepidemiology of Bovine BrucellosisRajeswari Shome, B.R. Shome and M. Nagalingam

Table 9: Cumulative sero screening of stratified random samples during 2014-15

Sl. No.

State Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat Pig TotalPercent

Positivity

1 Madhya Pradesh 525(2) 440(0) 20(0) 1035(6) 0(0) 2020(8) 0.39%

2 Punjab 45(3) 41(2) 0 1(0) 0(0) 87(5) 5.74%

3 West Bengal 20 (0) 4(0) 3(0) 6(0) 0(0) 33(0) 0%

4 Orissa 218(0) 42(0) 42(0) 151(0) 7(0) 460(0) 0%

5 Meghalaya 88 (1) 0 0 0 0(0) 88(1) 1.13%

6 Tamil Nadu 100(1) 2(0) 0 0 0(0) 102(1) 0.98%

7 Jharkhand 292(0) 76(0) 23(0) 250(8) 28(0) 669(8) 1.19%

Total 1288(7) 605(2) 88(0) 1443(14) 35(0) 3459(23)

Percent Positivity 0.54% 0.33% 0% 0.97% 0% 0.66%



Knowledge of prevalence of serovars in particular geographical area will help in selection of serovars for providing prompt diagnosis and subsequent treatment and control measures. Leptospira reference antigen panels were regularly screened and subcultured every week in EMJH media for preparation of antigen for MAT. Reference strains of different serovars representing the serogroups in EMJH semi solid media were maintained and used in the study. All the serum samples were subjected to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) by employing the references serovars.

Study area 1: Random non purposive serum samples (n=537) from Orissa (Jajpur, kendrapara, Puri, S u b a r n a p u r, C u t t a c k , B a r g a r h , A n g u l , Nayagarh,Koraput, jagatsinghpur, Dhenkanal Sasar, Khurda and Ganjam) collected round the year including the natural calamities such as rain, flood and cyclone over a period of 2011-2014, were screened during this year. Study area 2: Random Non purposive serum samples from West Bengal (n=119). Study area 3: random non purposive samples (n=231) from Karnataka (Kunigal, Gadag and Gulbarga)

The overall seroprevalence of 36.87% (198/537) with 36.45% in Cattle, 54.28 % in Buffaloes, 28.33% in Goats and 44.44 % in Sheep was observed, during the screening of samples collected over a period of 2011-2014 from 13 districts of Odisha. In West Bengal, the overall prevalence was found to be 31.09%, (37/119) with 44.44% in Cattle, 55.55% in Buffalo, 100% in Goats and 33.33% in Sheep while testing for the non purposive serum samples in MAT 293 positive reacted sera, 100 samples showed

reactivity with more than one serovars representing 50.76% prevalence of multiple serovars in livestock. Among the targeted districts, high prevalence was observed in Kalahandi (74%) followed by Angul (72%), Ganjam (68.18%), Subarnapur (60 %),Jajpur (54.54%), Puri (53%), Bolangir (32%), Dhenakanal Sadar (30%), Khurda (18.37%), Cuttack (13.79%), Jagatsinghpur (10.9%) and Kendrapara (9.8%). The predominant leptospiral antibodies against major serovars were Hardjo (30.3%), Tarassovi (20.7%), Kaup (15.65%), Aust ra l i s (19.19%) Bankinang (18.18%), Hebdomadis (11.11%), Pomona (16.66%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (9.09%), and Javanica (6.56%) were determined against frequency distribution of the serovars. In Karnataka, the overall seroprevalance was 12.55% (29/231) with 31.37 % in Horse from Kunigal, and 3.19% in Buffalo from Gadag, and 11.62% in Gulbarga, following the samples analysis in MAT. The total study supports shows that the livestock species are a major reservoir for both Hardjo and Autralis in these states, apart from the other predominant serovars of Leptospira presented in the table. This study supports that ruminants may have a role in maintaining intermediate species serovar Kaup apart from being a well known reservoir for Hardjo serovar in endemic states of India. In conclusion, the coastal region of these states or zone is endemic for leptospirosis as indicated by the high seroprevalence on screening for MAT especially Eastern part of country viz., West Bengal and Odisha states. The prevalence of Leptospira in apparently healthy animals indicates the presence of this agent in the environment, which may be a source of human infection.

Sero-prevalence of Leptospirosis in Livestock SpeciesV. Balamurugan, M. Nagalingam, R. Sridevi and D. Hemadri



Seroepidemiology of Infectious BovineRhinotracheitis in India

S.S. Patil, M.R. Gajendragad and H. Rahman

Bovine serum samples Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh (Yak) showed percent positivity of 40.23, 64.06, 32.25 and 90 for IBR antibodies respectively which is apparently high, that may be attributed to the unrestricted movement

of animals across the states and also across the neighbouring countries. Bovine serum samples from Kerala showed 47.94 percent positivity for IBR antibodies. Kerala always buys the cattle either from Karnataka (54.69%) or from Tamil Nadu (41.31%).

Table 10: State wise seroprevalence of IBR during 2014-15

State No.Tested No.Positive Positive pecentage

Manipur 169 68 40.23

Kerala 340 163 47.94

Odisha 448 194 43.30

West Bengal 97 19 19.58

Karnataka 415 227 54.69

Jammu & Kashmir 331 80 24.16

Madhya Pradesh 953 292 30.64

Meghalaya 359 230 64.06

Punjab 86 31 36.04

Jharkhand 359 86 23.95

Tamil Nadu 213 88 41.31

Pondicherry 77 57 74.02

Mizoram 31 10 32.25

Arunachal Pradesh(yak) 40 36 90.00

Total 1022 322 31.5



The work involved designing of sample frame for collection of serum samples by 15 AICRP centers. Receipt, aliquoting and distribution of samples to various laboratories for antibody screening, receipt of results, communication of results, storing of serum

samples for future use, and record keeping, maintenance of freezers etc., were carried out.During the period under report, 2151 serum samples received from 9 states were screened; the state wise distribution of samples is given below (Fig. 25).

Maintenance and updating of livestock serum repositoryD. Hemadri, S.S. Patil and M.R. Gajendragad

Fig. 25: The samples of different states record in serum bank.

Depending on the origin of the species, the samples were screened for bovine, ovine, caprine and swine

b ruce l los i s as we l l a s In fec t ious Bov ine Rhinotracheitis and classical swine fever.

660

940

109

98

15587 102

Total Samples Screened

Jharkhand

Madhya Pradesh

Maharastra

Meghalaya

Orissa

Punjab

Tamil Nadu


GRANT- IN- AID PROJECTS



IPC: ANSCNIVEDISOL201200300027 Project ID: OXX02580

The LFA tests are fast emerging point of care diagnostic tools (POCD) and gaining popularity worldwide because test is highly suitable for field conditions, easy to perform, no refrigeration, skill and equipment are required. The test developed in the Institute has been evaluated and showed kappa value of 0.9 for Cattle and Buffalo samples; and sensitivity and specificity far above RBPT. The test will really improve the disease surveillance and monitoring status in the country and play a key role in Brucellosis Control Program. Trainings were organised to veterinarians under BCP in different states to educate the zoonotic potential of Brucellosis, vaccination and control and importance of surveillance. The feedback from veterinarians were collected through structured proforma from 453

veterinarians working in various capacities in the departments. Majority of veterinarians (86%) were in favor of brucellosis vaccination in the country and only 14% respondents were not in favour of vaccination. The reasons for not accepting vaccination expressed were increased work load and fear of acquiring brucella infection while vaccinating animals. Similarly, majority of veterinarians expressed that the farmers should be given compensation or insurance coverage for brucellosis infected animals, to provide adequate protective measures and medical aid and leave to infected veterinarians. These issues suggest strengthening of manpower in the hospitals for routine care of the animals and regular vaccinations in control programs (Table 11).

Brucellosis Control ProgrammeRajeswari Shome and G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

Table 11: Perception of veterinarians on brucellosis

National Policy Response Number of respondents(n=453) % of respondents

InsuranceYes 392 86.53

No 61 13.46

Provide protective measures like gloves/masks /googles /aprons

Yes 436 96.24

No 17 3.75

NR 70 15.45

Medical aid to infected vets and para vets

Yes 423 93.3

No 30 6.62


1. The best centre Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 2. The Second best centre Pune, Maharastra 3. The third best centre Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh

Fig. 26: Release of Annual Report of AICRP on ADMAS by the dignitaries

Fig. 27: Presidential address by Dr Gaya Prasad, ADG (AH).

All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP)on Animal Disease Monitoring and Surveillance

The primary mandate of NIVEDI is monitoring and surveillance of the livestock diseases in the country. To achieve this mandate, an AICRP is functioning at the Institute with 15 centers. The aim of these centers is to collect livestock disease data from their respective states on real time basis and pass on to the central unit. Further they will also carry out the sero-epidemiology of major diseases and field validates the technologies developed at the Institute. The livestock diseases reported from various states of the country were compiled species-wise, month-wise at district level. A total of 7586 data were received during 2014. Based on the data compiled during the year 2013-14 Foot rot, Foot and Mouth disease and Fascioliasis were the top bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases respectively in the country. Epidemiological

analysis of Anthrax, co-occurrence of FMD and HS, PPR, and CSF were carried out.

The annual review meet of AICRP on ADMAS was th

held at Imphal, Manipur on 27 June, 2014 under the Chairmanship of Dr. Gaya Prasad, ADG (AH). The Principal investigators from fourteen out of fifteen AICRP on ADMAS centers participated in the meet. The national disease ranking in descending order was he preliminary economic analysis of major diseases of respective states was presented by the PIs during the meet. The ADMAS centers were graded based on ten parameters for their work carried out during 2013-14 and the following centers were adjudged as top three centres.


Fig. 28: Animal health camp and Medicine Distribution at Rasidpur, Rasisen, Meghalaya

Fig. 29: Distribution of Piglets to tribal farmers in East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya.

Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) activities were implemented in various states by NIVEDI through its AICRP centres. The TSP activities were initiated during the year 2011-12 and continuing till date. The core objectives of the TSP programme is to reduce poverty and unemployment of the Schedule Tribe (ST); creation of productive assets in favour of ST and provision of financial security against all types of exploitation and suppression. During the year reported upon TSP activities were implemented through four AICRP on ADMAS centers viz., Barapani (Meghalaya), Jaipur (Rajasthan) and Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh). Major animal husbandry activities undertaken under TSP programmme during 2014-15 were establishment of poultry sheds, organizing animal health camps, sero-surveillance activities to ascertain the presence livestock diseases, distribution of animal feed and mineral mixtures, training on Goat husbandry,

distribution of Poultry and Piglets etc. In Madhya Pradesh, eight tribal women cooperative group were formed to manage eight broiler poultry units (500 birds each capacity) established under TSP. Five animal health camps and sero-surveillance were also undertaken by this centre during 2014-15. In Rajasthan, total 38 animal health camps were organized in which 7801 animals were treated during the camps and 649 animal breeders were benefitted. Around 325 kg of animal feed were also distributed to the TSP beneficiaries. Appropriate training were also organized for the benefit of tribal farmers. In Meghalaya, the activities like organizing health camps, distribution of Piglets and Poultry, distribution animal and Poultry feed and training on scientific livestock management were undertaken during 2014-15.

Tribal Sub-Plan



PUBLICATIONS



Peer Reviewed Journals

Balamurugan V, Apsana R, Raju DSN, Abraham S, Manjunatha Reddy GB, Govindaraj G, Nagalingam M, Hemadri D, Veeregowda BM, Gajendragad MR and Rahman H. (2014). Epidemiological investigation of the peste des petitis ruminants outbreaks in Tumkur district, Karnataka, India. Journal of Pathology Research, 3: 71-75.

Balamurugan V, Das S, Raju DSN, Chakravarty I, Nagalingam M, Hemadri D, Govindaraj G, Ibotombi Singh N, Ltu K, Devi M, Sharma K, Gajendragad MR and Rahman H. (2014). Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in goats in North-East India. Virus Disease, 25: 488-92.

Balamurugan V, Das S, Raju DSN, Chakravarty I, Nagalingam M, Hemadri D, Govindaraj G, and Singh IN. (2014). Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in goats in North-East India. Virus Disease, DOI:10.1007/s13337-014-0237-5.

Balamurugan V, Sushma RAT, Sridevi R, Govindaraj G, Nagalingam M, Hemadri D, Gajendragad MR and Rahman H. (2014). Microscopic agglutination test analysis identifies prevalence of Leptospira intermediate species serovar in ruminants in endemic states of India. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Section B: Biological Sciences, DOI:10.1007/s40011-014-0469-6.

Choori P, Patil SS, Ratnamma D, Sharada R, Chandranaik BM, Isloor S, Geetha S and Rahman H. (2014). Marker vaccines against classical swine fever- A Review. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 35: 1-8.

Divakara SSSU, Goutham BM, Venkateswarlu Y, Jyothi EK, Raju R, Krishnamoorthy P, Shome BR and Haldar J. (2015). Membrane-active macromolecules resensitize NDM-1 gram negative clinical isolates to tetracycline antibiotics. Plos One, 10(3): e0119422

Gowda NKS, Pal DT, Krishnamoorthy P, Verma S, Maya G and Prasad CS. (2014). Response of chelated Copper and Zinc supplementation in Rambouillet crossbred lambs under intensive system. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 20(2): 33-37.

Krishnamoorthy P, Gowda NKS, Vallesha NC, Rajendran D, Maya G, Verma S, Raghavendra A and Rahman H. (2014). Effect of long term fluoride toxicity on immunity and pathology in Wistar albino rat. Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 38:164-168.

Krishnamoorthy P, Satyanarayana ML, Shome BR and Rahman, H. (2014). Mouse milk bacterial count in coagulase negative Staphylococcus species induced mastitis. Journal of Laboratory Animal Science. 2(2): 5-9

Manjunatha Reddy GB, Sumana K, Babu S, Yadav J, Balamurugan V, Hemadri D, Patil SS, Suresh KP, Gajendragad MR and Rahman H. (2014). Pathological and molecular characterization of capripox virus outbreak in sheep and goats in Karnataka. Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 39: 11-14.

Mitra SD, Ghosh SK, Krishnamoorthy P, Chakraborty A, Nimita VC, Roy M, Shome BR, and Rahman H. (2014). Characterization of TLR expression in Staphylococcus aureus induced mastitis in mice model by probe based real time PCR. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 84: 1043–1047.

Modak R, Das Mitra S, Vasudevan M, Krishnamoorthy P, Kumar M, Bhat AV, Bhuvana M, Ghosh SK, Shome BR, Kundu TK. (2014). Epigenetic response in mice mastitis: Role of histone H3 acetylation and microRNA(s) in the regulation of host inflammatory gene expression during Staphylococcus aureus infection. Clinical Epigenetics, 6: 12.


Mundas S, Rao S, Byregowda SM, Satyanarayana ML, Patil SS and Yathiraj S. (2014). Rabies: A pathomorphological and immunohistochemical evaluation in animals. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research, 14: 4027-4031.

Muttannagouda RB, Veeregowda BM, Shome R, Leena G, Isloor S, Kamran AC, Apsana R and Krithiga N. (2014). Serodiagnosis of brucellosis in cattle and goats in organized farms of Karnataka. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology and Immunology and Infectious Disease, 35: 30-33.

Patel JM, Vihol PD, Prasd MC, Kalyani IH, Raval JK, Patel KM, Thirumalesh SRA, Balamurugan V. (2014) Seroepidemiological pattern of leptospirosis in bovine of South Gujarat, India. Veterinary World, 7: 999-1003.

Rudramurthy GR, Sengupta PP, Lakkundi JN, Ligi M, D'Souza PE and Rahman H. (2015). Sequencing and analysis of invariant surface glycoprotein (ISG) gene from Trypanosoma evansi dog isolate. Research in Biotechnology, 6: 1-9.

Rudramurthy GR, Sengupta PP, Metilda B, Balamurugan V, Prabhudas K, and Rahman H. (2015). Development of an enzyme immunoassay using recombinant invariant surface glycoprotein (rISG) 75 for serodiagnosis of bovine trypanosomosis. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 53: 7-15.

Samantha AK, Jaypal N, Kolte AP, Senani S, Sridhar M, Dhali A, Suresh KP, Jayram C and Prasad CS. (2014). Process for enzymatic production of xylo oligosacharides from the xylan of corn cobs. Journal of Food processing and Preservation, DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12282.

Sengupta PP, Rudramurthy GR, Ligi M, Roy M, Balamurugan V, Krishnamoorthy P, Nagalingam M, Singh L and Rahman H. (2014). Sero-diagnosis of surra exploiting recombinant VSG antigen based ELISA for surveillance. Veterinary Parasitology, 205: 490-498.

Shome R, Gupta VK, Narayana RK, Shome BR, Nagalingam M and Rahman H. (2014). Detection of Brucella melitensis Rev–1 vaccinal antibodies in sheep in India. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2: 19 – 22.

Shome R, Krithiga N, Padmashree B, Sankarasubramanian J, Udayakumar SV, Jayavel S, Gunasekaran P, Rajendhran J and Rahman H. (2014). Draft genome sequence of Brucella abortus S99: designated antigenic smooth reference strain used in diagnostic tests in India. Genome Announcements, 2: e00824-14.

Shome R, Nagarathna C, Prashant G, Nagalingam M, Padmashree BS, Triveni K Shome B R, Gupta VK and Rahman H. (2014). Sexual transmission of human brucellosis: Case studies. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 61: 61-67.

Shome R, Padmashree BS, Krithiga N, Triveni K, Sahay S, Shome BR, Singh P, Rahman H. (2014). Bovine brucellosis in organized farms of India - An assessment of diagnostic assays and risk factors. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2: 557-564.

Sood R, Khandia R, Bhatia S, Hemadri D, Kumar M, Patil SS, Pateriya AK, Siddiqui A, Kumar MS, Venkatesha MD, Kulkarni DD. (2014). Detection and molecular characterization of naturally transmitted sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in India. Tropical Animal Health and Production, DOI 10.1007/s11250-014-0611-8.

Suresh KP, Gajendragad MR and Rahman H. (2014). Design and Analysis of observational studies. International Journal of Infertility and Fetal medicine, 5: 33-39.


Presentation in Conferences/Symposia/Seminars/other fora

Apsana R, Balamurugan V, Veeregowda B M, Abraham S, Sowjanya K S, Rathnamma D, Byregowda S M, Rahman H and Shaila M S. (2014) Recombinant peste des petits ruminants virus Fusion (F) protein antigen based ELISA for diagnosis of PPR. In the VIROCON-2014 XXIII National Conference on “Recent Trends in Virology Research in the Omics Era”, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore-641003,

thTamil Nadu from 18-20 Dec 2014. pp 306.

Apsana R, Balamurugan V, Veeregowda B M, Abraham S, Sowjanya S K, Rathnamma D, Byregowda S M, Rahman H and Shaila M S. (2014). Expression of peste des petits ruminants virus Fusion protein in prokaryotic system and its potential use as a diagnostic antigen. In the XIII National Convention of Indian Association of women veterinarians (IAWV) and National Seminar on “Livestock breeding strategies for productivity enhancement towards rural prosperity” held at Anand Agricultural University, Anand-

th388001, Gujarat from 26-28 Aug 2014.

Balamurugan V, Anusha A, Sengupta P P, Sushma RAT, Sridevi R, Nagalingam M and Rahman H. (2015). th

Seroepidemiology of Leptospirosis and Toxoplasmosis by Latex Agglutination Test. In: 13 Annual conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public health specialists held at Veterinary College,

thKVAFSU, Bangalore. 10-12 Feb 2015.pp. 306.

Balamurugan V, Veena S, Sushma RAT, Sridevi R, Sengupta PP, Govindaraj G, Hemadri D and Rahman H. (2015). Investigations on the distribution of Leptospira Serovars in livestock in eastern parts of India. In:

th13 Annual conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public health specialists at Veterinary College, thKVAFSU, Bangalore. 10-12 Feb 2015.pp. 292.

Balamurugan V, Gajendragad M R and Rahman H. (2014) Epidemiology of Peste des petits ruminants vis-à-vis Control Programme in India. In the VIROCON-2014 XXIII National Conference on “Recent Trends in Virology Research in the Omics Era”, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu

thheld from, 18-20 Dec 2014. pp - 203.

Balamurugan V, Govindaraj G , Gajendragad MR and Rahman H. (2014) Development of PPR score card for assessing disease pattern in sheep and goats. In the XXI Annual Convention of Indian Society for Veterinary Immunology and Biotechnology and International Symposium on Livestock diseases affecting livelihood options and global trade strategies and solutions held at Madras Veterinary College, Chennai,

thIndia from 17-19 Jul 2014.

Balamurugan V, Roy M, Sowjanya KS, Abraham S, Hemadri D and Rahman H. (2014) Recombinant peste des petits ruminants virus nucleocapsid (N) protein/antigen based indirect ELISA for serodiagnostics of PPR in sheep and goats in the VIROCON-2014 XXIII National Conference on “Recent Trends in Virology Research in the Omics Era”, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu

thheld from, 18-20 Dec 2014. pp -230.

Balamurugan V, Abraham S, Sowjanya KS, Apasana R, Nagalingam M, Hemadri D and RahmanH. (2014) Development of recombinant antigen based diagnostics for peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in the VIROCON-2014 XXIII National Conference on “Recent Trends in Virology Research in

ththe Omics Era”, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu, from 18-20 Dec 2014. pp -212.

Balamurugan V, Veena S, Sushma RAT, Sridevi R, Sengupta PP, Govindaraj G , Hemadri D and Rahman H. (2015) Investigations on The Distribution of Leptospira Serovars In Livestock. In Eastern Part of India XIII Annual conference of Indian Assosciation Of Veterinary Public Health Specialists and National


symposium on “Safety Of Foods Of Animal Origin For Domestic And Export Markets : Legal Perspectives ” th

held at Veterinary College, KAFSU, Bengaluru, from 10-12 Feb 2015. pp 292.

Balamurugan V, Veena S, Sushma RAT, Sridevi R, Sengupta PP, Govindraj G, Hemadri D and Rahman H. Investigations on the distribution of Leptospira serovars in Livestock in Eastern Part of India. (2015). In: XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public Health Specialists and National Symposium on “Safety of foods of Animal origin for domestic & Export Markets: Legal Perspectives”, from

th10-12 Feb 2015, Veterinary college, KVAFSU, Bengaluru, India.

Balamurugan V, Anusha A, Sengupta PP, Sushma RAT, Sridevi R,Nagalingam M and Rahman H. (2015) Seroepidemiology of Leptospirosis and Toxoplasmosis by Latex Agglutination test. In: XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public Health Specialists and National Symposium on “Safety of foods of Animal origin for domestic & Export Markets: Legal Perspectives”, from, 10-12 Feb 2015, at Veterinary college, KVAFSU, Bengaluru, India.

Bhoyar R, Shashidhar Ballari, Prakash Choori, Rajendra T, Patil SS and Kasaralikar VR. (2014). Outbreak of Classical swine fever in domestic pigs in Bidar, Karnataka. In: National Conference on Indian Veterinary Medicine.

Chanda M., Rogers D.J., Carpenter S., Prasad G., Gajendragad M.R. and Purse B.V. (2014) Understanding the spatio-temporal risks for bluetongue outbreaks across South India using space-time Bayesian Poisson regression modeling. In : International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Sruveillance

st rd(IMED), Vienna, Austria, 31 October - 3 November 2014.

Chanda M.M., Rogers D.J., Carpenter S., Prasad G., Prasad M., Rahman H., Gajendragad M., Byregowda S.M., Reddy Y.N., Reddy Y.K.M. and Purse B.V.(2014). Understanding the epidemiology of bluetongue virus in South India at different spatial and temporal scales for development of early warning system. In : V

thInternational Conference on Bluetongue and related Orbiviruses, 5-7 November 2014, Rome, Italy.

Chandranaik BM, Patil SS, Giridhar P and Byregowda SM. (2014). Cell culture in Veterinary Parasitology with special reference to haemoprotozoan vaccines published in the compendium of XVIII National Training programme on “Advanced techniques in detection and control of parasitic diseases” at Center for advanced faculty training in veterinary parasitology, Veterinary College (KVAFSU), Bengaluru from 10-

th30 November 2014.

Desai, G. S., K. Prabhudas, M. Gopinath, S.S. Patil and M.S. Shaila (2014) FMDV A mediated co-ordinate expression of Peste des petits ruminants Virus F and HN Proteins in Baculovirus and their immunogenicity

thin mice. In: XXIII National Conference on Recent Trends in Virology Research in the Omics Era, 18-20 December, Virocon-2014, pp no: 260

Giridhar K, Suresh KP, Ravi Kiran G, Ramya G Rao and Rabinson J. (2014). Effect of rainfall variability on production of different crop residues in Karnataka: A modeling analysis. In: Global Animal nutrition conference (Glance-2014), Bangalore, India, from 20-22 April 2014. pp.45.

Krishnamoorthy P (2014). Coagulase negative staphylococcal bovine mastitis: an overview. In: National symposium on "Impact of climate change on Pathobiology of Diseases of Animals, Poultry and Fish". At College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat,

thIndia From 13-15 November 2014. pp: 61-66.

Krishnamoorthy P, Gajendragad MR, Ravindra JP, Bhatta R, Pal DT and Rahman H (2014). Relationship of mineral and hormone profile of bovines with reproductive disorders in organized dairy farms in Karnataka and Tamilnadu. In: International Animal and Dairy Science conference on "Addressing new


challenges and emerging issues in Animal and Dairy Research". Hyderabad International Convention th

Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India from 15-17 September 2014, pp: 82.

Krishnamoorthy P, Govindaraj G, Sridevi R, Shome BR and Rahman H (2014). Epidemiological analysis of Haemorrhagic septicemia and Foot and Mouth disease occurred in Southern India. In: International Animal and Dairy Science conference on "Addressing new challenges and emerging issues in Animal and Dairy Research"., Hyderabad International Convention Centre, at Hyderabad, Telangana, India from 15-

th17 September 2014. pp: 48.

Krishnamoorthy P, Gowda NKS, Vallesha NC, Rajendran D, Maya G, Verma S and Rahman H. (2014). Immunity and pathology of fluoride toxicity in Wistar albino rats and its amelioration. In Global International Animal Nutrition Conference on "Climate resilient feeding systems for Global food security".,

ndNational Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India From 20-22 April 2014. pp.62.

Krishnamoorthy P, Satyanarayana ML, Shome BR, Patil SS and Rahman H (2014). Immunophenotyping of blood in coagulase negative staphylococcal mastitis in mice. In: International Symposium on "Livestock diseases effecting livelihood options and global trade - strategies and solution". From, at Madras Veterinary

thCollege, TANUVAS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India from 17-19 July 2014. pp:142.

Krishnamoorthy P, Satyanarayana ML, Shome BR, Rao S and Rahman H (2014). Pathology of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus species mastitis in mouse model. In: National symposium on "Impact

thof climate change on Pathobiology of Diseases of Animals, Poultry and Fish". 13-15 November 2014, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India. pp: 145.

Krishnamoorthy P, Sengupta PP, Das S, Shome BR and Rahman H. (2014). Pathological and Cytokine changes in Experimental Trypanosoma evansi (Buffalo and Canine isolates) infection in mice. In: National symposium on "Impact of climate change on Pathobiology of Diseases of Animals, Poultry and Fish"., at College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat,

thIndia from 13-15 November 2014. pp: 193.

Ligi, M, Sengupta PP, Rudramurthy, GR and Rahman H. (2015). Development of Competitive Inhibition ELISA (CI-ELISA) Exploring Monoclonal Antibodies Raised Against Flagellar Antigen for Diagnosis of Surra for Surveillance. In 13th Annual conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public health

thspecialists held at Vetrerinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru 10-12 Feb 2015.pp. 322.

Manjunatha Reddy GB, Sumana K, Niharika N, Balamurugan V, Hemadri D, Patil SS, Suresh, KP, Gajendragad MR and Rahman H. (2014). Investigation of Sheep and Goat Pox disease outbreaks in Karnataka. In: National Symposium on Impact of climate change on pathobiology of diseases of animals,

thpoultry and fish at AAU, Anand, Gujarat 13-15 November 2014.

Manjunatha Reddy GB and Suresh KP. (2014). Investigation of Sheep and Goat Fox Disease outbreaks in stKarnataka. In: 31 Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary pathology. 13-15, November

2014.

Manjunatha Reddy GB, Niharika N, Sumana K, Patil SS, Suresh KP and Gajendragad MR. (2014). Diagnosis and control of Sheep and Goat pox disease. In: National Symposium on Impact of climate

thchange on pathobiology of diseases of animals, poultry and fish at AAU, Anand, Gujarat from 13-15 November 2014.

Mitra SD, Bankar K, Modak R, Bhuvana M, Krishnamoorthy P, Ghosh SK, KunduT K, Shome B. R and


H. Rahman. Deep sequencing of Mouse Transcriptome Response upon Intramammary Infection with mastitis causing endemic strain of Staphylococcus aureus (spa type t267). In: ICHPI International

thConference on Host pathogen interaction. at NIAB, Hyderabad Central University, Hyderabad, 12-15 July 2014. p56.

Mitra SD, Modak R, Shome BR and Kundu TK (2014). “Unraveling epigenetic regulation of immune response linked with bacterial intramammary infection in mastitis” In: 9th Asian Epigenomics Meeting on

thEpigenetics in Development and Diseases. at Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore From, 25-26 August 2014.

Mundas S, Rao S, Byregowda S.M, Purushotam, M.L. Satyanarayan, S. Yathiraj and Patil S.S. (2014) Role thof proinflammatory cytokines in experimental rabies infection. In: 16 National conference of association

for prevention and control of rabies in India (APCRI) at Dept of Community Medicine, Mandya, and held th

at Mysore, Karnataka 5-6 July 2014.

Mundas S, Rao S, Yalagod, S.G, Byregowda, S.M, Satyanarayana, M.L, Patil S.S, Vijayashree., Varadarajan and Shesha Rao. (2014). Studies on pathomorphology, immunohistochemistry and inflammatory cytokines expressions in experimental rabies infection in mice. In National Symposium on Impact of climate change on pathobiology of diseases of animals, poultry and fish at AAU, Anand, Gujarat

th13-15 November 2014.

Nagarajan, Tosh. C, Murugkar, H.V., Kumar. M., Sridevi, R., Venkatesh, G., Sood, R., Senthilkumar, D., Tripati, S., Syed, Z., Jain, R., Behera, P., Sukla, S., Vaid, N., Mishra, A., Kataria, J.M. and Kulkarni, D.D. (2014) Emergence of Reassortant H5N1 subtype avian influenza viruses with PB1 gene of Endemic H9N2 subtype with low mice pathogenicity in India. In XXI Annual Convention of Indian Society for Veterinary Immunology & Biotechnology and International Symposium on Livestock diseases affecting Livelihood options and global trade-Strategies and solutions, at MVC, TANUVAS, Chennai, India17-19 July 2014.

Padmashree BS, Shome R. Krithiga N, Shome BR and Rahman H. (2015). Direct detection of Brucella in bovine milk by PCR- An alternate diagnostic approach. In: XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public health Specialists (IAVPHS) and the National Symposium on “Safety of Foods of Animal origin for Domestic and Export Markets: Legal Perspectives” organized at Veterinary College,

thKVAFSU, Bengaluru from 10-12 February 2015.

Patil S.S., Shivaraj D.B., Hemadri D, Krishnamoorthy P, Manjunatha Reddy G.B., Desai G.S.,

Gajendragad M.R. and H. Rahman. (2014)Genetic typing based on E2 region of classical swine fever virus isolates (CSFV) from Karnataka, India. In: XXI annual Convention of Indian Society for Veterinary Immunology and Biotechnology and International Symposium on Livestock Diseases Affecting Livelihood options and Global Trade-Strategies and Solutions held at MVC, TANUVAS, Chennai in collaboration with University of Nottingham, UK, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary

thMedicine, USA at MVC, TANUVAS, Chennai, TN from 17-19 July 2014.

Shankar, B.P., Satyanarayana, M.L., Patil, S.S., Rao S and Veeresh, H. (2014). Pathobiology of Classical swine fever virus isolated from pigs in Karnataka. In: National Symposium on Impact of climate change on

thpathobiology of diseases of animals, poultry and fish at AAU, Anand, Gujarat from 13-15 November 2014.

Shivaraj, Rathnamma D, Isloor S, Sangangouda K, Venkatesha MD, Balamurugan V, Byregowda SM, and Renukaprasad C. (2015) Comparison of MAT and ELISA for diagnosis of Bovine Leptospirosis In: XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public Health Specialists (IAVPHS) and National symposium on “Safety Of Foods Of Animal Origin For Domestic And Export Markets: Legal Perspectives”

that Veterinary college, KAFSU, Bengaluru from 10-12 Feb 2015. pp -305.


Shivaraj, Ratthnamma D, Isloor S, Balamurugan V, Ventaktesha MD, Byregowda SM and Renukaprasad C. (2015) Seroprevalence Study of Bovine Leptospirosis in Karnataka In: XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public Health Specialists (IAVPHS) and National symposium on “Safety Of Foods Of Animal Origin For Domestic And Export Markets: Legal Perspectives” at Veterinary College,

thKAFSU, Bengaluru from 10-12 February 2015. pp 305.

Shome R, Triveni. K, Prashanth. G, Nagalingam. M, Suresh K.P, Shome B.R, Gupta V.K and Rahman H (2014). Brucellosis in risk via-a-vis non-risk population: An evaluation. In: XXI Annual Conference of Indian Society for Veterinary Immunology and Biotechnology (ISVIB) and international Symposium on “Livestock Diseases Affecting Livelihood Options and Global Trade-Strategies and solutions” at

thTANUVAS, Chennai from 17-19 July 2014.

Shome R., Krithiga N, Padmashree B.S., Shome B.R., Rahman H. and Rajendhran, J. (2014). Multi Locus Sequence Typing of Indian Brucella species: A genetic analysis with Global Isolates. In: XXI Annual Convention of ISVIB and International symposium on “Livestock Diseases Affecting Livelihood options

th and global trade-strategies and solutions” at TANUVAS, Chennai from 17-19 July 2014.pp.82.

Shome R., Padmashree BS, Krithiga N, Swati Sahay, Singh A, Filia G, Triveni K, Shome BR and Rahman H. (2014). Evaluation of lateral flow assay as a field test for investigation of brucellosis outbreak in an organised buffalo farm: A pilot study. In: XXVIII Annual Convention of Indian Association of Veterinary Microbiologists, Immunologists and Specialists in Infectious Diseases (IAVMI) & International Conference on “Challenges and Opportunities in Animal Health at the Face of Globalization and Climate Change” at

thDUVASU, Mathura from 30 Oct. - 1 Nov 2014.pp.55

Shome R., Padmashree BS, Krithiga N, Triveni K, , Shome BR and Rahman H (2014). Bovine brucellosis in organized farms of India- An assessment of diagnostic assays and risk factors. In XXVIII Annual Convention of Indian Association of Veterinary Microbiologists, Immunologists and Specialists in Infectious Diseases and International Conference on “Challenges and opportunities in animal health at the

th stface of globalization and climate change”, at DUVASU, Mathura from 30 October - 1 November pp:34

Shome, R. 2015 Brucellosis: Who is Responsible?” (Animal) In: XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public health Specialists (IAVPHS) and the National Symposium on “Safety of Foods of Animal origin for Domestic and Export Markets: Legal Perspectives” at Veterinary College,

thBengaluru from 10-12 February 2015.

Sridevi R, Krishnamoorthy P, Dharmarajan S and Rahman H. (2014) Spatial and temporal analysis of Indian H5N1 Avian Influenza outbreaks. In: VIROCON-2014, Indian Virological Society (IVS)XXIII

thNational Conference on “Recent Trends in Virological Research in the Omics Era”, 18-20 December 2014, TNAU, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu.

Sridevi R, Krishnamoorthy P, Suresh K.P and Rahman H. (2014) Epidemiology of avian influenza in India. th nd th

In: 206 OMICS Group Conferences and 2 International Conference on Animal & Dairy Sciences,15-17 September 2014, Hyderabad International Convention Centre, India.

Suresh KP and Gajendragad MR. (2014). Prediction models for anthrax outbreak in Southern India. th

Presented in 25 Annual Convention for veterinary Immunology and Biotechnology., at TANUVAS, thChennai From, 17-19 July 2014.

Suresh KP, Gajendragad MR, Manjunatha Reddy GB, and Rahman H. (2014). Development of Sampling th

frame for epidemiological studies in livestock and aquatic diseases. In: 10 Indian Fisheries Forum, th

organised at Lucknow, from 12-15 November 2015.


Suresh K.P (2014). Sampling frame, at conference in 10th Indian Fisheries and Aquaculture forum and th

NBFGR, Lucknow, at Uttar Pradesh from, 12-15 November 2014.

Triveni K, Shome R, Nagalingam M, Balamurugan V, Tewari R, Shome BR and Rahman H. 2015 Serosurveillance of Listeriosis: A Foodborne Public Health Concern In: XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public Health Specialists (IAVPHS) and National symposium on “Safety Of Foods Of Animal Origin For Domestic And Export Markets: Legal Perspectives” at Veterinary college,

thKAFSU, Bengaluru, from 10-12 February 2015. pp -307.

Veeresh B.H, Patil, S.S, Geetha S, Manjunatha Reddy G.B, Hemadri D, Desai G.S and Rahman H (2014). Expression of Toll-Like receptors in Classical swine fever infection in swine. In: National Conference on

thRecent trends in Virology in omics era at TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu from 18-20 December 2014.


Capacity Building /

Human Resource Development



Training/ Refresher Course/ Summer/ Winter School/ Seminars/ Conferences/ Symposia/ Workshops/

Programmes Organized

Sl.No.

Name of Seminar /Workshop /Training VenueDuration (Days)

Date

1.Hands on training on Quantitative Real time PCR for diagnosis of Brucellosis

ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

3 days02.06.2014- 04.06.2014

2. One day Brucellosis training Chandigarh 1 day 06.06.2014

3.Training to Veterinary Officers in the project B_CP.

Chandigarh, Punjab

2 days06.06.2014– 07.06.2014

4.Review meeting cum workshop on Economic impact of FMD and its control in India


1 day 31.07.2014

5. One day Brucellosis training Agartala, Tripura 1 day 21.09.2014

6.Training to Veterinary Officers in the project B_CP.

Agartala, Tripura 2 days21.10.2014-22.10.2014

7.Training on Basic Epidemiology in collaboration with CDC, USA and Medical College, Manipal


5 days01.12.2014-05.12.2014

8.Training programme on Research Methodology, Epidemiology and Biostatistics


3 days16.01.2015-18.01.2015

9.Training Programme on Basic Epidemiology in collaboration with CDC, USA and Medical College, Manipal


5 days02.02.2015-06.02.2015

10. One day Brucella awareness programme Jakkur, Bengaluru 1 day 08.03.2015

11. One day Brucella awareness programmeMaligenahalli, Bengaluru

1 day.

1903.2015

12.Socio-economic data analysis to assess the impact of FMD


2 days23.03.2015- 24.03.2015

13.Training to Veterinary Officers in the project B_CP

Srinagar, Kashmir 3 days24.03.2015- 26.03.2015

14. One day Brucellosis trainings Srinagar 1 day 25.03.2015

15. One day Brucella awareness programmeChickkaballapur, Bengaluru

1 day 27.03.2015


Epidemiology training organized in collaboration withCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA

A training programme on Basic Epidemiology was organised at NIVEDI in collaboration with Indian arm of CDC, USA during 1-5th December, 2014 at Bengaluru. Hon'ble, Secretary DARE & Director General, ICAR Dr. S Ayyappan stressed the need for such training programme and appreciated the efforts of the CDC in capacity building in the area of epidemiology in India. He also had a word of advice for the participants and urged them to adapt the knowledge gained during the training programme in disease investigations and epidemiological studies. Dr. Kayla Laserson, Country Director, CDC, India who was also one of the resource persons, expressed satisfaction over the conduction of training programme and appreciated the enthusiasm of the trainees. Dr. Agarwal, Assistant Director General (National Fund) who was also present on the occasion appreciated good works of NIVEDI and stressed on usefulness of disease surveillance programmes. Dr. H. Rahman, Director, NIVEDI, explained the events leading to CDC collaboration and the objectives of the course and One Health programmes.

A five-day training programme on Basic Epidemiology was organised by NIVEDI in collaboration with Indian arm of CDC, USA from 2 - 6 February, 2015 at Bengaluru. Basic Epidemiology training programme was

ndinaugurated on 2 February 2015. During the inaugural address, Prof Dr. Sandeep Shastri, Pro Vice-Chancellor, Jain University and Chief Guest of the function, stressed the need for training programmes in capacity building.


Training/ Refresher Course/ Summer/ Winter School/ Seminars/ Conferences/ Symposia/ Workshops/

Programmes participated

Sl. No

Name of the Seminar /Workshop/Training

Venue Date Scientist attended

1.Technical Workshop on IBR and BVD control in semen stations

NDDB, Anand, Gujarat

12.04.2014 Dr. S.S. Patil

2.International Conference Glance 2014

Bengaluru 20.04.2014 Dr. H. Rahman

3. Directors ConferenceICAR Head Quarters,New Delhi

27.04.2014-28.04.2014

Dr. H. Rahman

4.Regional Committee Meeting of Zone-VIII

Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala

02.05.2014-03.05.2014

Dr. H. Rahman

5.

Brainstorming Workshop on the theme “Strategies for Enhancing Livestock and Fishery Production in Chhattisgarh” (Panelist for Animal Health Session).

College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry

12.05.2014-13.05.2014

Dr. H. Rahman

6.

BBSRC sponsored “International Programme on Stakeholders Meeting of Bluetongue Disease Risk Assessment”

IAH & VB, Bengaluru

21.05. 2014 Dr. H. Rahman

7.NAAS Foundation Day Lecture by Bharat Ratna Prof CNR. Rao

ICAR, New Delhi

05.06.2014-07.062014

Dr. H. Rahman

8.

ICAR Directors' Conference and NAIP-IFPRI workshop on “Impact of capacity building programmes under NAIP”

ICAR,New Delhi

06.06.2014– 07.06. 2014

Dr. H. Rahman

9.FMD_CP State level Monitoring

thCommittee meeting for 7 Round Vaccination

AH & VS Dept. Govt of Karnataka

12.06.2014 Dr. H. Rahman

10.

Technical Advisory Committee for Monitoring and Supervision of National Surveillance Program for Aquatic Animal Diseases

DADF, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt of India, New Delhi

30.06.2014 Dr. H. Rahman

11.

Brainstorming Meeting on “Strategies for Breeding Buffaloes production Round the year”

ICAR-NAVS New Delhi (Panelist for Health & Management Session)

04.07.2014 Dr. H. Rahman


12.

International Conference on Host Pathogen Interactions (ICHPI) (Chaired a session on Translational Research - Vaccine & Vaccination)

NIAB, Hyderabad 14.07.2014 Dr. H. Rahman

13.

XXI Annual convention of India society for veterinary immunology and biotechnology and international symposium on livestock disease affecting livelihood options and global trade strategies and solutions

TANUVAS, Chennai

17.07.2014-19.07.2014

Dr. V. BalamuruganDr. G. GovindarajDr. M. Nagalingam

14.FMD _CP State level Monitoring Committee meeting for FMD – Vaccination

AH & VS Dept. Govt of Karnataka

19.07.2014. Dr. H. Rahman

15. DBT task force meeting New Delhi 31.07.2014Dr. P.P. SenguptaDr. V. Balamurugan

16.Review meet on Assessment of Economic Impact of FMD and its control in India


31.07.2014Dr. G. GovindarajDr. S.S. PatilDr. K.P. Suresh

17.

Brainstorming session on “Insects related to Veterinary and Fisheries Sciences” ICAR-NBAIR, Society for Bio-control Advancement

Veterinary College Bengaluru, ICAR-NBAIR, Bengaluru.

02.08.2014 Dr. H. Rahman

18.MDP on PME of Agricultural Research Projects

NAARM, Hyderabad

04.08.2014-08.08.2014

Dr.V. Balamurugan

19.Finalization of Avian Influenza- preparedness in India, DADF, Ministry of Agriculture

New Delhi 06.08.2014 Dr. H. Rahman

20.DBT midterm review meeting of DBT Network project on Brucellosis

Ahmadabad, Gujarat

08.08. 2014 Dr. R. Shome

21. Workshop on Bio security UNSCR 1540 organised at ICGEB

ICGEB, New Delhi21.08.2014- 22.08. 2014

Dr. H. Rahman Dr. R. ShomeDr.V. Balamurugan

22.

th7 Bengaluru India Nano-curtain raiser programme and Press meet

Bengaluru 01.09.2014 Dr.V. Balamurugan

23.FAO lecture by Secretary DARE & DG, ICAR

New Delhi 08.09.2014 Dr. H. Rahman


24.Geospatial Technologies in Veterinary Epidemiology

IIRS, Deharadun08.09.2014- 12.09. 2014

Dr. B.R. Shome,Dr. R. Shome,Dr. D. Hemadri,Dr. P.P. Sengupta,Dr. V. Balamurugan,Dr. G.S. Desai,Dr. K.P. Suresh,Dr. P. Krishnamoorthy,Dr. R. Sridevi,Dr. G.B. Manjuntha Reddy,Dr. R. Yogisgaradhya,Dr. A. Prajapati

25.Collaborative research meeting of discovery of new pathogens

NCBS, Bengaluru 10.9.2014.Dr. H. RahmanDr. V. Balamurugan

26.

nd2 India EIS Conference on the theme “Emerging Public Health Challenges in India”

NCDC, New Delhi 12.09.2014 Dr. H. Rahman

27.International conference on Animal and Dairy sciences

Hyderabad15.09.2014-17.09.2014

Dr. P. KrishnamoorthyDr. R. Sridevi

28.th

6 ZTMC Annual Meeting-cum-Workshop AgrIP 2014

IIHR, Bengaluru09.10.2014-10.10.2014

Dr. R. Sridevi

29.Review meeting on the progress of BE8 unit of DBT Network Project on Brucellosis.

Peerless hospital, Kolkata

23.10.2014 Dr. R. Shome

30.Meeting of the diagnostic group of DBT Network Project on Brucellosis

Hyderabad25.10.2014- 27.10.2014

Dr. R. Shome

31.

XXVIII Annual convention and International Conference on “Challenges and opportunities in Animal health at the face of Globalization and climate change”

DUVASU Mathura30.10.2014- 01.11.2014

Dr. G.S. Desai

32.International conference cum workshop

NBFGR, Lucknow12.11.2014-17.11.2014

Dr. K.P. Suresh

33.

National symposium on Impact of climate change on pathobiology of diseases of animals, poultry and fish

Anand13.11.2014-15.11.2014.

Dr. P. KrishnamoorthyDr. G.B. Manjunatha Reddy

34.Annual Review Meet on DBT-Network Project on Brucellosis

JNU campus, New Delhi

21.11.2014-22.11.2014

Dr. H. RahmanDr. R. ShomeDr. V. Balamurugan

35. National conference on PPRNASC Complex, New Delhi

28.11.2014- .2911.2014

Dr. V. BalamuruganDr. G. Govindaraj


36. Training on Basic EpidemiologyCDC & ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

01.12.2014-05.12.2014.

Dr. P. Krishnamoorthy

37.

nd2 Joint meeting of ICMR-ICAR on “ Nationwide Avian Influenza surveillance plan”

National Institute of Virology, Pune

05.12.2014Dr. K.P. SureshDr. R. Sridevi

38.XXIII National Conference on “Recent Trends in Virology Research in the Omics Era”

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore

18.12.2014- .2012.2014.

Dr. V. Balamurugan

39.CDC sponsored Bangladesh – India Cooperative Workshop on Anthrax -2015

Dhaka25.01.2015-29.01.2015

Dr. H. Rahman,Dr. M.R. Gajendragad

40.

XIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Public Health Specialists (IAVPHS) and National symposium on Safety of Foods of Animal Origin for Domestic and Export Markets: Legal Perspectives

Veterinary college, Bengaluru

10.02.2015– 12.02.2015

Dr. B.R. ShomeDr. R. ShomeDr. V. Balamurugan

41.

ICAR - University of Edinburgh, UK Joint International Workshop on Production Animal Health and Welfare Research: Impact and Opportunities

ICAR, New Delhi16.02.2015 – 17.02.2015

Dr. H. Rahman,Dr. B.R.Shome

42.Training on Research methodology and bio-statistics

Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu

18.02.2015-19.02.2015

Dr. K.P. Suresh

43. Workshop on Scientific /strategic research on Biosafety and Biosecurity

DBT, New Delhi 25.02.2015 Dr. H. Rahman

44. Training cum interactive session of DBT-ADSHAD project

Veterinary College, Assam

25.02.2015-27.02. 2015

Dr. R. ShomeDr. S.S. PatilDr. K.P. Suresh

45. Commercialization of diagnostic kit of Brucellosis

CIFT Cochin 18.03.2015 Dr. H. Rahman

46. Training program on Research methodology, Biostatistics and scientific article writing

BMCRI, Bengaluru 28.03.2015 Dr. K.P. Suresh


NIVEDI Scientists in International Arena

Dr. H. Rahman, Director and Dr. M.R. Gajendragad, Principal Scientist attended Bangladesh-India Cooperative workshop on Anthrax during 26-28th January 2015

Dr. D. Hemadri, Principal Scientist participated in International conference on Bluetongue and related

thOrbiviruses held at Rome, Italy during 5-7 November, 2014

thDr. G.B. Manjunatha Reddy, Scientist attended 8 th

Annual meet of EPIZONE-2014 held during 23-25 September, 2014 at Copenhagen, Denmark


Awards/Fellowship/Recognition

1. Dr. R. Shome awarded Best Poster on Brucellosis in Risk vis-a-vis Non-risk Human Population: An Evaluation. In: XXI Annual Convention of ISVIB and International symposium on Livestock Diseases

thAffecting Livelihood Options and Global Trade-Strategies and Solutions,17 - 19 July 2014, TANUVAS, Chennai .

2. Dr. B.R. Shome awarded Best Poster on Biofilm formation and Staphylococcus epidermidis: Emergence of Ica negative biofilm strains of bovine origin. In: XXI Annual Convention of Indian Society for Veterinary Immunology and Biotechnology and International Symposium on Livestock Diseases

thAffecting Livelihood Options and Global Trade-Strategies and Solutions,17-19 July 2014, TANUVAS, Chennai.

3. Dr. S.D. Mitra awarded Best Poster on Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Bovine TLR2 and TLR4 gene in Bos indicus and Bos Taurus. In: XXVIII Annual Convention of Indian Association of Veterinary Microbiologists, Immunologists and Specialists in Infectious Diseases and International Conference on Challenges and Opportunities in Animal health at the Face of Globalization

th stand Climate Change, 30 – 1 November 2014, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh.

4. Dr. S.D. Mitra awarded Best Poster on MicroRNA- key players regulating inflammatory response in intramammary infection in in-vivo mice model in XXVIII Annual Convention of Indian Association of Veterinary Microbiologists, Immunologists and Specialists in Infectious Diseases and International Conference on Challenges and Opportunities in Animal health at the Face of Globalization and Climate

th stChange, 30 – 1 November 2014, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh

5. R. Tewari awarded Best Poster on Extended Spectrum lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae in Farm Animals-A threat to Public health in XXVIII Annual Convention of Indian Association of Veterinary Microbiologists, Immunologists and Specialists in Infectious Diseases and International Conference on Challenges and Opportunities in Animal health at the Face of Globalization and Climate

th stChange, 30 – 1 November 2014, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh

6. Dr. V. Balamurugan awarded second Best poster presentation on Recombinant peste des petits ruminants virus nucleocapsid (N) protein/antigen based indirect ELISA for serodiagnostics of PPR in sheep and goats. In: VIROCON-2014 XXIII National Conference on Recent Trends in Virology Research

th in the Omics Era, 18-20 December 2014,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.

7. Dr. G.S. Desai awarded Best oral presentation on Expression and immunogenicity of chimeric HNF protein containing B and T cell epitopic regions of HN and F surface glycoproteins of Peste des petits ruminants. Proceedings page 54-55. XXVIII Annual Convention and International Conference on

th'Challenges and Opportunities in Animal Health at the Face of Globalization and Climate Change'. 30

stOctober - 1 Nov 2014, DUVASU, Mathura (U.P.), India. Best Paper Oral Presentation Award 2014

Patent FiledSengupta, PP, Ligi, M, Balamurugan, V and Rahman, H. Competitive Inhibition ELISA (CI-ELISA) for diagnosis of trypanosomosis in animals (Patent application No. 370/CHE/2015).


MISCELLANEOUS



Institute Management Committee (IMC)

Name Designation

Dr. H. Rahman Director, NIVEDI, Bengaluru. Chairman

Dr. Gaya Prasad ADG (AH), ICAR, New Delhi. ICAR Representative

Dr. R. Bhatta Director, NIANP, Bengaluru. Member

Dr. K.P. RameshaPrincipal Scientist, Southern Region Station, NDRI, Bengaluru.

Member

Dr. B. R. Shome Principal Scientist, NIVEDI, Bengaluru. Member

Dr. A. N. Shylesha Principal Scientist, NBAIR, Bengaluru. Member

Dr. D.M. DasDirector, Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services, Govt. of Karnataka.

Member

Dr. D. VenkateshwaruluDirector, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad.

Member

Dr. Yathiraj.S.Dean, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru.

Member

Dr. M. Muddurange GowdaVillage & post Kannamangala Taluq- Doddaballapura, Dist. Bengaluru Rural District.

Non-official Member

Mrs.V. Shubha ReddyNo.80 B, Village-Kurubarahally,Taluq- Gauribidanur, District, Chikkaballapura-581208.

Non-official Member

Mr. A. Srinivasamurthy F & AO, ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru. Member

Mr. B. Riyaz Ahmed AO, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru. Member Secretary

The IMC meeting of the Institute was conducted on 19.02.2015


Research Advisory Committee (RAC)

Name Designation

Dr. M. P. YadavEx Director and Vice Chancellor, IVRI, Izatnagar and VC, SVPUA&T, Meerut.

Chairman

Dr. MruthyunjayaFormer National Director, NAIP, New Delhi.

Member

Dr. Gaya Prasad ADG (AH), ICAR, New Delhi Member

Dr. H. K. PradhanEx Joint Director, ICAR-NIHSAD, Bhopal.

Member

Dr. S.C. DubeyEx Joint Director, ICAR-NIHSAD, Bhopal.

Member

Dr. D. Swarup Ex Director, ICAR-CIRG, Makhdoom. Member

Dr. Anil Rai Head, CABI, ICAR-IASRI, New Delhi. Member

Dr. H. Rahman Director, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru Member

Dr. D. HemadriPrincipal Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru.

Member Secretary


Institute Research Committee (IRC)

Name Designation

Dr. H.Rahman Director, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru. Chairman

Dr. K. PrabhudasFormer Project Director, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru.

Member

Dr. V.D.P. RaoFormer Professor & Head, GBPUAT, Pantnagar.

Member

Dr. M. Gopinath RaoProf. & Head, Dept of Agriculture Statistics, UAS, Bengaluru.

Member

Dr. Lalith AchothProf & Head, Dairy Economics and Business Management, KVAFSU, Bidar.

Member

Dr. P.P. Sengupta Principal Scientist. ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru .

Member Secretary

The IRC meeting of the Institute was conducted on 31.05.2014


Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC)

Name Designation

Dr. H. Rahman Director, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru Chairman

Dr. S. G. RamachandraChief Research Scientist, IISc, Bengaluru

CPCSEA Nominee

Dr. Susan Mini Jason Veterinarian Link Nominee

Dr. D. Prahallada Social activistNon Scientific socially aware member

Dr. Vishwanath BahagwatResearch Scientist, Himalaya Drug Company

Scientist outside the institute

Dr. M.R. GajendragadPrincipal Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

Member

Dr. Divakar HemadriPrincipal Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

Member

Dr. P.P. SenguptaPrincipal Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

Member

Dr.P. Krishnamoorthy Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru Member Secretary

Institute Bio-Safety Committee (IBSC)

Name Designation

Dr. H. Rahman Director, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru Chairman

Dr. M.D. Venkatesha Joint Director, IAH&VB, Bengaluru Member

Dr. S. G. Ramachandra, PRS, IISc, Bengaluru Member

Dr. S. Srinivas MO, ICAR-IVRI, Bengaluru Member

Dr. M.R. Gajendragad,Principal Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

Member

Dr. (Mrs.) R.ShomePrincipal Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

Member

Dr. P.P. SenguptaPrincipal Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

Member Secretary

Dr. G.S. DesaiSenior Scientist, ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru

Bio-safety Officer (from 13.08.2014)


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Distinguished Visitors

1. Shri Radha Mohan Singh, Union Minister for Agriculture, Govt. of India

2. Shri D.V. Sadananda Gowda, Union Minister for Law and Justice, Govt. of India.

3. Shri T. B. Jayachandra, Minister for Law, Justice & Human Rights, Parliamentary Affairs & Legislation,Animal Husbandry, Govt of Karnataka.

4. Shri S. R. Vishwanath, Members of Legislative Assembly, Karnataka.

5. Shri Appaji Nadagouda, Members of Legislative Assembly, Karnataka.

6. Shri M. Rajanna, Members of Legislative Assembly, Karnataka.

7. Dr. S. Ayyappan, Secretary, DARE & DG, ICAR, New Delhi.

8. Dr. K.M.L. Pathak, DDG (AS), ICAR, New Delhi.

9. Dr. N.K. Krishna Kumar, DDG (Hort), ICAR, New Delhi.

10. Dr. R. K. Singh, Director, IVRI, Izatnagar.

11. Padma Bhushan Dr. M. Mahadevappa, Former Chairman, ASRB, ICAR, New Delhi.

12. Dr. C. Renukaprasad, Vice Chancellor, KVAFSU, Bidar, Karnataka.

13. Dr. K.M. Bujarbaruah, Vice Chancellor, AAU, Jorhat, Assam.

14. Dr. Robin White, Chief of Staff, USDA - APHIS -IS, USA.

15. Mr. Scott D. Saxe, Country Director, USDA - APHIS, New Delhi.

16. Dr. Amy Delgado, Veterinary Epidemiologist, USDA - APHIS -IS, USA.

17. Dr. Cynthia Johnson, Veterinary Epidemiologist, USDA - APHIS -IS, USA.

18. Dr. Kayla Laserson, Country Director, CDC-India, New Delhi.

19. Dr. Henry Walke, Chief, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, CDC, Atlanta, USA.

20. Dr. B. Pattnaik, Director, PD-FMD, Mukteshwar.

21. Dr. DK Agarwal, Assistant Director General (National Fund), ICAR, New Delhi.

22. Dr. Abraham Verghese, Director, NBAIR, Bengaluru.

23. Dr. Raghavendra Bhatta, Director, NIANP, Bengaluru.

24. Dr. V.M. Patil, Director, NRC on Camel, Bikaner.

25. Dr. G. Prasad, ADG (AH), ICAR, New Delhi.

26. Dr. C. S. Prasad, Former Vice Chancellor, MAFSU, Nagpur.

27. Dr. K.T. Sampath, Former Director, NIANP, Bengaluru.

28. Dr. Darshan Shankar, Vice Chancellor, Trans Disciplinary University, Bengaluru.

29. Dr. Sandeep Shastri, Pro Vice-Chancellor, Jain University, Bengaluru.

30. Dr. Peter Mertens, Professor, Pribright, UK.

31. Dr. Bethan V. Purse, Ecological Modeler, CEH, Wallingford, UK.


Staff Position during 2014-2015

S.No Name Designation

1 Dr. H. Rahman Director

Scientific Staff1 Dr. M.R.Gajendragad Principal Scientist

2 Dr. B.R. Shome Principal Scientist

3 Dr.(Mrs) Rajeswari Shome Principal Scientist

4 Dr. Divakar Hemadri Principal Scientist

5 Dr. P.P. Sengupta Principal Scientist

6 Dr. Gururao S. Desai Senior Scientist

7 Dr. V. Balamurugan Senior Scientist

8 Dr. S.S. Patil Senior Scientist

9 Dr. Sathish B. Shivachandra Senior Scientist

10 Dr. G. Govindaraj Scientist

11 Dr. K.P. Suresh Scientist

12 Dr. P. Krishnamoorthy Scientist

13 Dr. (Mrs) R. Sridevi Scientist

14 Dr. Mohd Mudassar Chanda Scientist

15 Dr. Jagadish Hiremath Scientist (study leave)

16 Dr. M. Nagalingam Scientist (study leave)

17 Dr. G.B. Manjunatha Reddy Scientist

Technical staff1 Dr. Yogisharadhya R Senior Technical Officer

2 Dr. Awadhesh Prajapati Senior Technical Officer

Administrative Staff1 Mr. B.Riyaz Ahmed Admin Officer

2 Mr. Rajeevalochana Asst Admin Officer

3 Mr. R.K. Babu AF & AO

4 Mr. M. Lakshmiah Assistant

5 Mrs. A. Saranya Steno Grade-III

6 Mr. K. Vijayaraj StenoGrade-III

7 Mrs. G.C. Sridevi LDC

8 Mr. L. Gangadareshwara LDC

Supporting Staff1 Mr. Ramu Skilled Support Staff

2 Mr. H. Shivaramiah Skilled Support Staff

3 Mr. B. Hanumantharaju Skilled Support Staff


Joining

Dr. Gururao S. Desai, Senior Scientist (Veterinary Microbiology) transferred from ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar ndand joined this Institute on 2 May 2014.

Dr. Sathish B. Shivachandra, Senior Scientist (Veterinary Microbiology) transferred from ICAR-IVRI, thMukteshwar and joined this Institute on 12 January 2015.

th Shri. K. Vijayaraj joined as Stenographer Gr.III on 4 June 2014.

Transfer

nd Shri. N. Narayanaswamy, Assistant, transferred to ICAR-NAAIR, Bengaluru and relieved on 2 February

2015.

Resignation

rd Ms. R. Rekha Priyadarshini, LDC resigned from service on 23 February 2015.

RevenueDetails of Revenue Generated (2013-14)

Budget

Statement of Budget Allocation and Expenditure (2014-15)

S.No Type ActivityAmount (in Rs.)

1 Sale of diagnostic kits 706455

2 Training 135050

3 Schemes 339454

4 Interest on Term Deposits 1444056

5 Miscellaneous receipts 28957442

Total 30282457

Major Heads Plan (INR in lakh) Non Plan (INR in lakh )

Revised estimate Expenditure Revised estimate Expenditure

Grant-in-Aid-Capital 220.00 217.28 20.00 17.66

Grant-in-Aid-Salaries 0.00 0.00 350.00 350.95

Grant-in-Aid-General 220.00 214.07 166.84 159.18

440.00 431.35 536.84 527.79



NIVEDI ACTIVITIES



Discussion with Dr D Kathiresan, Dean and Dr Ravindran, Assistant Professor, CVSc&AH, Selesih, Mizoram on the progress of DBT-

stTwinning IBR Project by Dr. S.S. Patil, Senior Scientist on 1 April 2014.

An interactive meeting with M/S Intervet (MSD Animal Health) India Pvt Ltd under the Chairmanship of Dr. K.M.L. Pathak, DDG (AS) at

stICAR Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi on 1 April, 2014.

Dr. Bethan Purse, Ecological Modeller, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh University, UK delivered a lecture on Understanding Impact of Environment Change on Vector-Borne

ndDiseases on 22 May, 2014.

Dr. N. Sheila Rao, Honorary Treasurer, Compassion Unlimited Plus Action (CUPA), Bengaluru delivered a lecture on Animal Welfare on

ththe occasion of 12 World Veterinary Day on 26th April 2014.

thICAR Foundation day was celebrated as Farmers Day on 16 July, 2014. Tribal farmers from Soligaradoddi and Muthathi, Mandya district, Karnataka participated in the function.

stInstitute foundation day was celebrated on 1 July, 2014 at Yelahanka campus and Dr. H. Rahman, Director hoisted the Institute flag and addressed the staff members.

ndDr. G.S. Desai, Senior Scientist, visited KVK Hiriyur Chitradurga 22 July 2014 and conducted workshop to address livestock management during adverse weather conditions

Dr. G.S. Desai, Senior Scientist, visited Taralabalu KVK Davanagere rd23 July 2014 and conducted workshop to address livestock

management during adverse weather conditions


NIVEDI, Bengaluru and Sardar Krushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University (SDAU) jointly organized Mid-Term review meet on DBT-

thNetwork Project on Brucellosis at Ahmedabad on 8 August, 2014.

PDFMD and NIVEDI jointly organized one day workshop on Economic impact of FMD and its control in India at NIVEDI,

stBengaluru on 31 July, 2014. NIVEDI scientists and officials from 10 states and one union territory participated in the review workshop.

Dr. P.P. Sengupta, Principal Scientist, Dr. P. Krishnamoorthy, Scientist and Dr. Yogisharadaya, STO visited the Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Gulbarga and interacted with farmers on 27th August, 2014.

th th68 Independence Day was celebrated on 15 August, 2014 and Dr.H. Rahman, Director hoisted the National flag.

th Hindi Saptah was celebrated during 15-20 September, 2014 by conducting various events like debate, quiz, extempore speech, etc., in Hindi.

Scientists and STO's from NIVEDI, Bengaluru attended five days training programme on Geospatial Technologies for Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics organized by Indian Institute

thof Remote Sensing (IIRS), Dehradun during 8-12 September, 2014.


A workshop on Information and Communication Technology Tools thin Rabies Prevention and Control was organized on 29 September,

2014 on the occasion of World Rabies Day.

Dr.B.R. Shome and Dr. Rajeswari Shome conducted Brucellosis ndtraining programme on 22 September, 2014 at Agartala, Tripura

under Brucellosis–Control Program.

Scientists and Staff members participated in the ICAR South Zone Sports Meet organized by IIHR, Bengaluru held at Sri Kanteerava

th Stadium, Bengaluru during 13-17 October, 2014.

Dr. H. Rahman, Director initiated the cleanliness campaign under Swachh Bharat Mission launched by Hon'ble Prime Minister of

ndIndia on 2 October 2014.

Evaluation of kits developed under DBT Network project on Brucellosis by Dr. Giri Polavarapu, PI, Subproject Brucellosis

thDiagnosis-3, Hyderabad on 27 October, 2014.

Dr. Scott S. Sindelar and Mrs. Deepa, USDA, India visited NIVEDI on th18 October, 2014 and had discussion with Director and Scientists.


Scientists and Staffs participated and exhibited various institute technologies developed in the Krishi Mela 2014 held at GKVK, UAS,

th stBengaluru during 19 -21 November, 2014.

stKannada Rajyotsava Day was celebrated on 1 November 2014 at NIVEDI, Bengaluru.

Interactive meet cum Training Programme under DBT-ADSAHD thduring 25-27 February 2015 at Veterinary College, AAU,

Khnapara, Guwahati, Assam.

NIVEDI and Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) jointly organized annual review meet of DBT sponsored Network Project on Brucellosis st ndat JNU, New Delhi on 21 -22 November, 2014.

Brucellosis awareness programme was organised at Jakkur village, thBengaluru by Dr. Rajeswari Shome, Principal Scientist on 9 March,

2015.

Dr. Sridevi. R, Scientist and Dr. Rajiv, Epidemiologists interacted with th Duck Farmer in Chennithala Panchayat, Kerala on 27 February,

2015.


Dr. D. Hemadri, Principal Scientist and Dr. P. Krishnamoorthy, Scientist participated as an external expert committee members for surveillance of FMD vaccination programme in Tavarekere,

thBengaluru on 19 March, 2015.

The International Women's Day celebrated at NIVEDI, Bengaluru thon 9 March 2015.

Brucellosis sensitization training for artificial inseminators at KMF office, Chickkaballapur organized by Dr. Rajeswari Shome,

thPrincipal Scientist on 27 March 2015.

Dr. B.R. Shome, Principal Scientist and Dr. S.S. Patil, Senior Scientist participated as an external expert committee members for surveillance of FMD vaccination programme in Kolar district on 19th March 2015.


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