Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Rutelinae: Scarabaeidae) of Buxa...

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WSN 65 (2017) 94-122 EISSN 2392-2192

Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Rutelinae: Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve, Dooars, West Bengal, India.

Part – I

Subhankar Kumar Sarkar1,a, Sumana Saha2,b, Dinendra Raychaudhuri3,c

1Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India

2Department of Zoology, Barasat Govt. College, 10 K.N.C Road, Barasat (N 24 Parganas),

Kolkata - 700124, West Bengal, India

3Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, IRDM Faculty Centre,

Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Narendrapur, Kolkata - 700103, West Bengal, India

a-cE-mail address: [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Taxonomy of Anomala Samouelle, 1819 recorded from Buxa Tiger Reserve, Dooars, West

Bengal, India is dealt herewith. Present discourse is the result of long term investigation on insect

fauna of the study area carried out by the authors. The current paper presents the detailed taxonomic

account of 10 species while rest of the species will be presented in the succeeding issue. Each of the

species is redescribed and illustrated, supplemented by digital images. Further, an identification key

and a note on the distribution of the recorded taxa is also provided.

Keywords: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Anomala, Redescription, Distribution, Buxa Tiger Reserve,

Dooars, India

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World Scientific News 65 (2017) 94-122

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1. INTRODUCTION

Anomala Samouelle, 1819 is one of the largest genera in the entire animal kingdom

consisting of nearly 1000 species worldwide, of which about 800 are represented in the old

world (Jameson et al 2003). Classification of the genus is variably known worldwide. Several

authors have placed them within the group Anomalini under the subfamily Rutelinae or

Rutelidae (Arrow 1917, Machatschke 1957, 1972-1974, Moron et al 1997) while others have

placed them within the tribe Anomalini under the subfamily Rutelinae (Potts 1974 ’77,

Jameson 2002, Paucar-Cabrera & Jameson 2003, Jameson et al 2003, Smith 2003, Ratcliffe &

Jameson 2016). There have been a number of homonyms created for the genus throughout its

taxonomic history and finally in the year 1989 it was placed and stabilized as Anomala

Samouelle, 1819 on the official list of generic names in Zoology by International Commission

on Zoological Nomenclature (Jameson et al 2003). Though several researchers have reported

the occurrence of this genus throughout the globe yet a comprehensive checklist of the world

and particularly of the oriental region is not available. On the contrary Indian Anomala is

known by the regional works of Mittal (1999 & 2005), Chatterjee & Biswas (1995), Saha &

Raychaudhuri (1998), Sarkar et al (2010), Chandra (1988 & 2005), Chandra et al (2012),

Chandra & Gupta (2012a, b & c). In spite of large species representation and economic

importance as agricultural pests the genus still lacks a comprehensive taxonomic treatment

and demands serious attention.

Extremely diverse tropical rain forests support rich biodiversity by providing habitats

for a huge range of insect species. The increased rate of habitat destruction and climate

change results in the extinction of many species from these forests without ever being

discovered and documented. Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR) is one such fine example of tropical

rain forest of Eastern Himalayas of India experiencing the problem. It is with this background,

present authors have taken initiative to explore and document the insect fauna of the study

area and also to present a detailed taxonomic account of the recorded species. In the process a

total of 76 scarab species have been recorded so far (Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998,

Raychaudhuri & Saha 2014, Sarkar et al 2010’14’15’16a, b & c) out of which 20 belong to

the genus dealt herewith. Of the twenty recorded species, Sarkar et al (2010) though reported

Anomala discalis Walker 1859, A. fallaciosa Arrow 1917, A. fissilabris Arrow 1912 and A.

nigrovaria Arrow 1917 as new from the country but did not provide the taxonomy. Present discourse is on the first ever taxonomic detail of the members of Anomala Samouelle, 1819

recorded from BTR. Part-I of the discourse presents the detailed taxonomy of 10 recorded

species while the rest will be dealt in Part-II. Each of the taxa is redescribed and illustrated

nearly after a century since Arrow (1917). A key for identification of all the 20 recorded

species (presented in Part-I of the discourse) and notes on their distribution are also provided.

The taxa are considered sensu Arrow (1917) & Potts (1974).

Study area:

The study area Buxa Tiger Reserve represents one of the tropical rain forests of Eastern

Himalaya which is one of the 35 biodiversity hotspots of the world and one of the four of

India. It occupies an area of about 759.26 kms2 and falls under the biogeographic province 7B

lower Gangetic plain. The reserve is located between latitudes 26°30” to 26°55” North and

longitudes 89°20” to 89˚35” East of India (Figure – 1)


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Figure 1. Location map of Buxa Tiger Reserve.

2. MATERIAL AND METHODS

Both extensive and intensive surveys were conducted during 1993 – 2005 in different

beats under different ranges of Buxa Tiger Reserve. Field visits were made in every month of

each calendar year during the period of survey (except 15th

June to 15th

September when the

forest remains closed). For collection of diurnal species sweep nets, bush beating and hand

picking techniques were used and for the nocturnal ones UV light traps were installed and

operated in various localities of the forest. Samples after collection were killed in chloroform

and preserved in 70% alcohol in glass vials. Necessary data regarding locality, date of

collection, collector’s name was noted in a note book in the field. Stretching, pinning and

labeling were done as per the guidelines laid down by Zoological Survey of India. The

collected samples were studied under Stereozoom Binocular Microscopes Olympus SZX7 and

SZX16. Part of the male samples stored in 70% alcohol were kept separately in order to

dissect out the genitalia. This was met out under the microscope with the help of very sharp

scalpel, forceps, needles and brush. After dissection the genital capsule containing parameres

was cleared in clove oil. The genital capsule was then boiled in 10% KOH for 5-10 minutes to

remove muscles. After study, the male genitalia were preserved in a micro vial containing

70% alcohol along with the adult specimen. Drawings were made with the aid of necessary

accessories attached to the microscopes. Photographs were taken by a digital camera attached

to the microscopes. All measurements are in millimeters, made with an eye piece graticule

and each scale bar represents 1mm, if not otherwise mentioned. All materials are in the

collection of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, IRDM Faculty Centre, Ramakrishna

Mission Vivekananda University, Kolkata, India.


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3. RESULTS

Family Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802

Subfamily Rutelinae MacLeay, 1819

Tribe Anomalini Streubel, 1839

Sub tribe Anomalina Streubel, 1839

Genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819

Anomala Samouelle, 1819, The entomologist’s Useful Companion, 191.

Diagnosis: Body short, broad or elongate; opaque or shiny; labrum horizontal; antennae 9-10

segmented; head short and broad, transverse; clypeus semicircular or rectangular, front

margin straight, curved or medially notched; pronotum transverse, sides medially round or

angulate, base round or sinuate; elytra punctate striate or sulcate or punctured in longitudinal

rows, apical and sutural margins often with membranous fringe; pygidial apex round; fore

tibia bi or tridentate, mid and hind tibiae carinate externally and truncate at extremity.

Type species: Melolontha aenea De Geer, 1775

Distribution: Worldwide (Arrow 1917; Jameson et al 2003; GBIF 2016; Ratcliffe & Jameson

2016).

Key to species:

1. Base of pronotum sinuate and medially produced…………………………….……….…...2

- Base of pronotum round and medially not produced……………………………..…….…13

2. Fronto-clypeal suture marked by a transverse straight line....................................................3

- Fronto-clypeal suture marked by a transverse sinuate or curved line..................................11

3. Elytra punctate striate.............................................................................................................4

- Elytra punctured in longitudinal rows....................................................................................9

4. Antenna 9 segmented.............................................................................................................5

- Antenna 10 segmented...........................................................................................................7

5. Head coarsely and densely punctured....................................................................................6

- Head minutely and scantily punctured.............................................. nigrovaria Arrow, 1917

6. Pronotum with an anterolateral elevation on each side; apex of scutellum blunt; pygidium

minutely punctured..............................................................................fallaciosa Arrow, 1917

- Pronotum without an anterolateral elevation on each side; apex of scutellum conical;

pygidium rugose.....................................................................................discalis Walker, 1859

7. Body elongate; pronotal margin elevated and reflexed, without mid-longitudinal

groove......................................................................................................................................8

- Body elongate; pronotal margin neither elevated nor reflexed, with a mid-longitudinal

groove........................................................................ ................. varicolor (Gyllenhal, 1817)

8. Cylindrical in shape; sides of pronotum medially angulate.............. blanchardi Arrow, 1917

- Oval in shape; sides of pronotum gradually round............................ variivestis Arrow, 1917


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9. Front margin of clypeus excised, nearly straight and elevated at angles; sides of scutellum

sinuate..................................................................................... bengalensis (Blanchard, 1851)

- Front margin of clypeus not excised, round and not elevated at angles; sides of scutellum

round................................................................................................................................... 10

10. Pronotal margins elevated; scutellum medially excavate; pygidium strigos

………………………………………………………………….trochanterica Arrow, 1917

- Pronotal margins not elevated; scutellum medially not excavate; pygidium coriaceous

.................................................................................................... signaticollis Nonfried, 1893

11. Browny bronze, metallic; pronotal margins elevated and reflexed; apex of scutellum

blunt…...................................................................................rufiventris Redtenbacher, 1848

- Testaceous, non metallic; pronotal margins neither elevated nor reflexed; apex of

scutellum conical ................................................................................................................ 12

12. Head and clypeus minutely punctured; fronto-clypeal suture entirely carinate; elytra

not sulcate............................................................................................ bilobata Arrow, 1912

- Head and clypeus rugose; fronto-clypeal suture laterally carinate; elytra deeply sulcate

..................................................................................................bilunata Fairmaire, 1888

13. Front margin of clypeus not reflexed .................................................................................14

- Front margin of clypeus reflexed........................................................................................16

14. Fronto-clypeal suture marked by a transverse straight line; sides of pronotum

Medially angulate ................................................................................. pusilla Arrow, 1912

- Fronto-clypeal suture marked by a transverse curved line; sides of pronotum round........15

15. Head rugose; clypeus semicircular; pronotum with a mid-longitudinal line, base

emarginate; sides of scutellum round............................................... birmana (Heller, 1891)

- Head coarsely punctured; clypeus not semicircular; pronotum without a mid-longitudinal

line, base margined; sides of scutellum straight........................ polymorpha (Arrow, 1911)

16. Fore tibia tridentate........................................................................................................... 17

- Fore tibia bidentate............................................................................................................ 18

17. Front margin of clypeus medially notched and bilobed; sides of pronotum medially

angulate; elytral apex and suture with a membranous fringe; pygidium minutely punctured

..................... .................................................................................... fissilabris Arrow, 1912

- Front margin of clypeus medially straight and not bilobed; sides of pronotum round;

elytral apex and suture without a membranous fringe; pygidium rugose

……………………………………………………………….….biharensis Arrow, 1917

18. Head and clypeus rugose, latter not depressed; pronotal base not produced; elytral

margins not elevated.........................................................................................................19

- Head and clypeus coarsely punctured, latter depressed; pronotal base produced; elytral

margins elevated................................................................................. variegata Hope, 1831

19. Non metallic; pronotal base margined; elytral humps indistinct; fore tibial teeth sharp

........................................................................................................... tincticeps Arrow, 1917

- Metallic; pronotal base not margined; elytral humps distinct; fore tibial teeth blunt

.............................................................................................................. siliguria Arrow, 1917


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Anomala nigrovaria Arrow, 1917

(Figure 2A, 4A-J)

Anomala nigrovaria Arrow, 1917: 149.

Description: ♂

Length 9.33 mm, humeral width 5 mm. Body short, oval, compact and convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2A, 4A): Pale testaceous yellow with vertex of head, median

part of pronotum, leaving an anterior midlongitudinal line, margins of scutellum, two patches

at sutural junction and one longitudinal anterolateral patch on elytra, a faint patch on each side

of propygidium black; venter scantily setose.

Head (Figure 4A&B): Short and transverse; scantily and minutely punctured.

Clypeus (Figure 4A&B): Short and transverse; rugose; front margin reflexed and gently round

at angles.

Fronto-clypeal suture (Figure 4A&B): Marked by a transverse nearly straight line.

Interocular width: 3.11 x transverse eye diameter.

Antenna (Figure 4C): 9 segmented, club 1.4 x stem.

Pronotum (Figure 4A): Transverse; coarsely punctured laterally and finely punctured

medially; anterolaterally with an indication of a short elevation on each side forming a

depression beneath; sides gradually round; base sinuate and produced into a round lobe at

middle; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 4A): Short; obtusely triangular; coarsely punctured; sides gradually round;

apex blunt.

Elytra (Figure 4A): Punctate striate, striae 12 on each disc; intervals smooth except few fine

punctures; margins elevated and laterally reflexed; humeral angles nearly right angle and

apical angles not formed; humps evident.

Pygidium (Figure 4D): Rugose.

Mesosternum (Figure 4E): Laterally strigose, medially smooth and marked by a longitudinal

line.

Fore tibia (Figure 4F): Bluntly bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.

Mid and hind tibiae (Figure 4G&H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long

spines at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.

Tarsi (Figure 4F, G&H): 5 segmented.

Claws (Figure 4F, G&H): Unequal, with the longer one of fore and mid cleft.

Parameres (Figure 3A&B, 4I&J): Short and elongate; base broad; sides round; inner margin

deeply curved; apex pointed and projected downwards, inner angle acute.

Material examined: 1♂, Jayanti, BTR, 22.iv.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: West Bengal; Myanmar; Vietnam (Arrow 1917, Sarkar et al 2010).

Anomala fallaciosa Arrow, 1917

(Figure 2B, 5A-H)

Anomala fallaciosa Arrow, 1917: 179.

Description: ♀

Length 12.77 mm, humeral width 6 mm. Body elongate, compact and convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2B, 5A): Testaceous with head excepting frons and base,

scutellum and elytra marginally, black; clypeus brown; pronotum with a faint and broken


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brown spot on each anterolateral side and a similar coloured patch on each side of elytra

between the sutural and lateral margin; metasternum medially with a black patch on each

lateral side; hind tarsi and claw black brown; venter scantily setose.

Head (Figure 5A&B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured.

Clypeus (Figure 5A&B): Transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin reflexed

and gently round at angles.

Fronto-clypeal suture (Figure 5A&B): Marked by a transverse straight line.



Pronotum (Figure 5A): Transverse; medially finely and laterally coarsely punctured;

anterolaterally with an indication of a little elevation on each side; sides gradually round; base

sinuate and gently produced into a round lobe at middle; front angles acute and hind angles

obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 5A): Short, tongue like; minutely punctured; sides gradually round; apex

blunt.

Elytra (Figure 5A): Punctate striate, striae 12 on each disc; intervals irregularly and scantily

punctured; lateral margin elevated and reflexed; humeral angles obtuse and apical angles not

formed; humps elevated.

Pygidium (Figure 5D): Scantily and minutely punctured.

Mesosternum (Figure 5E): Strigose; medially marked by a longitudinal line.

Fore tibia (Figure 5F): Bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.




Claws (Figure 5F, G&H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.

Material examined: 1♀, Poro, BTR, 28.iii.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: West Bengal; Myanmar (Arrow 1917, Sarkar et al 2010).

Anomala discalis Walker, 1859

(Figure 2C, 6A-H)

Anomala discalis Walker, 1859: 56.

Anomala discalis Arrow – 1917: 176.

Description: ♀

Length 13 mm, humeral width 6.85 mm. Body short and broad posteriorly, oval, compact and

moderately convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2C, 6A): Testaceous, with a faint metallic suffusion; clypeus,

vertex of head, pronotum except lateral margins, scutellum, elytra at regions, hind tibiae and

all tarsi deep brown; forehead and two median patches on pronotum red brown; pygidium

except pale yellow sides and apex light green; pygidial apex and metasternum fringed with

long yellow hairs; moderately shiny.

Head (Figure 6A&B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured.

Clypeus (Figure 6A&B): Short; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin medially

straight and round at angles.

Fronto-clypeal suture (Figure 6A&B): Marked by a transverse straight line.



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Pronotum(Figure 6A): Coarsely and densely punctured; sides gradually round; base

completely margined, sinuate and roundly produced at middle; front angles acute and hind

angles nearly right angle.

Scutellum (Figure 6A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides round; apex conical.

Elytra (Figure 6A): Deeply and coarsely punctate striate forming sulci; intervals coarsely and

confluently punctured; humeral angles obtuse and apical angle acute; humps evident.

Pygidium(Figure 6D): Coarsely rugose.

Mesosternum (Figure 6E): Coarsely and densely punctured.






Material examined: 2♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 29.iii.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: West Bengal; Sri Lanka (Arrow 1917, Sarkar et al 2010).

Anomala varicolor (Gyllenhal, 1817)

(Figure 2D&E, 7A-J)

Melolontha varicolor Gyllenhal, 1817: 114.

Anomala varicolor – Arrow, 1917: 152.

Description: ♂

Length 13.14 mm, humeral width 6.3 mm. Body short, narrowed in front, compact and

convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2D&E, 7A): Testaceous with clypeus red brown; posterior part

of head, a large discoidal patch on pronotum, leaving the lateral and basal margin and an

anterior midlongitudinal line, sutural and lateral margin, striae and apex of elytra and entire

pygidium black; hind tibiae, tarsi and claw brown; venter scantily setose.

Head (Figure 7A&B): Elongate and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured.

Clypeus (Figure 7B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin

reflexed and round at angles.

Fronto-clypeal suture (Figure 7B): Marked by a transverse straight line.



Pronotum (Figure 7A): Roughly hexagonal; finely and coarsely punctured; medially with a

mid-longitudinal groove extending from front margin to little beyond middle; sides bluntly

angulate at middle; base sinuate and roundly produced at middle; front angles acute and hind

angles obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 7A): Short; obtusely triangular; scantily and minutely punctured; sides

gradually round; apex blunt.

Elytra (Figure 7A): Punctate striate, striae 12 on each disc; intervals coarsely and scantily

punctured; margins elevated and laterally reflexed; humeral angles nearly right angle and

apical angles obtuse; humps evident.

Pygidium (Figure 7D): Coarsely and densely punctured.


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Mesosternum (Figure 7E): Laterally rugose, medially smooth and marked by a longitudinal

line.






Parameres (Figure 3C&D, 7I&J): Short and broad; base nearly equal to apex; sides nearly

straight; inner margin outwardly curved; apex blunt.

Material examined: 1♀, Panbari, BTR, 20.v.95, coll. S.Saha; 1♂, Damanpur, BTR, 18.iv.02,

coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♂, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 29.iii.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♀, Poro, BTR,

28.iii.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: Bihar, Tamilnadu, Uttarakhand and West Bengal; China; Sri Lanka

(Arrow, 1917; Chatterjee & Biswas, 1995; Saha & Raychaudhuri, 1998).

Anomala blanchardi Arrow, 1917

(Figure 2F&G, 8A-J)

Anomala blanchardi Arrow, 1917: 160.

Description: ♂

Length 13.44 mm, humeral width 6.44 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical, compact and convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2F&G, 8A): Testaceous with posterior part of head, margins of

elytra and scutellum black; basal part of pronotum with a faint purplish reflection; hind tarsi

and claw brown; venter scantily setose.


Clypeus (Figure 8A&B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin





Pronotum (Figure 8A): Roughly hexagonal; both finely and coarsely punctured; margin

elevated and reflexed; sides gradually round; base sinuate and roundly produced at middle;

front angles acute and hind angles round.

Scutellum (Figure 8A): Short; tongue shaped; scantily and minutely punctured; margins with

a membranous fringe; sides gradually round; apex blunt.

Elytra (Figure 8A): Punctate striate, striae 12 on each disc; intervals smooth; margins elevated

and laterally reflexed, apical and sutural with a fine membranous fringe; humeral angles

nearly right angle and apical angles obtuse; humps evident.

Pygidium (Figure 8D): Coarsely and densely punctured.


line.





Claws (Figure 8F, G&H): Unequal, with the longer one of fore cleft.


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Parameres (Figure 3E&F, 8I&J): Short and elongate; base broad; sides round; inner margin

curved; apex pointed and projected downwards.

Material examined: 1♂, Nimati, BTR, 22.v.97, coll. S.Saha; 1♂, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR,

29.iii.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♀, Nimati, BTR, 07.vi.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: West Bengal; Myanmar (Arrow 1917, Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).

Anomala variivestis Arrow, 1917

(Figure 2H, 9A-H)

Anomala variivestis Arrow, 1917: 156.

Description: ♀

Length 13 mm, humeral width 5.71 mm. Body elongate, oval, compact and convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2H, 9A): Testaceous with clypeus brown; posterior 2/3rd

part of

head, a marginal band on scutellum and elytral suture black; venter scantily setose.


Clypeus (Figure 9B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin





Pronotum (Figure 9A): Transverse; both finely and coarsely punctured; margins elevated and

reflexed; sides gradually round; base sinuate and roundly produced at middle; front angles

acute and hind angles obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 9A): Short; obtusely triangular; nearly smooth; margins with a

membranous fringe; sides gradually round; apex blunt.

Elytra (Figure 9A): Punctate striate, striae 12 on each disc; intervals smooth; margins elevated

and laterally reflexed; humeral angles nearly right angle and apical angles obtuse; humps

evident.

Pygidium (Figure 9D): Coarsely punctured.


line.






Material examined: 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 20.v.95, coll. S.Saha; 1♀, Ghoramara, BTR,

17.v.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♀, Ghoramara, BTR, 13.iii.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: Assam, Manipur and West Bengal (Arrow 1917, Saha & Raychaudhuri,

1998).


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Anomala bengalensis (Blanchard, 1851)

(Figure 2I, 10A-J)

Rhinoplia pallidicollis Blanchard, 1851: 182.

Anomala bengalensis Arrow – 1917: 143.

Description: ♂

Length 14.66 mm, humeral width 7.66 mm. Body elongate, oval, compact and moderately

convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2I, 10A): Pale testaceous yellow with head, sides of pronotum,

scutellum, elytra, hind tibiae and all tarsi blackish brown.

Head (Figure 10A&B): Short and transverse; rugose.

Clypeus (Figure 10B): Short; transversely rectangular; rugose; front margin strongly reflexed,

medially gently excised, nearly straight and elevated at angles.




Pronotum (Figure 10A): Minutely and densely punctured; margins elevated; sides gradually

round; base sinuate and roundly produced at middle; front angles right angle and hind angles

obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 10A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides sinuate; apex blunt.

Elytra (Figure 10A): Coarsely and deeply punctured in longitudinal rows; intervals scantily

punctured; humeral and apical angles nearly right angle; humps evident.

Pygidium (Figure 10D): Coriaceous medially and minutely punctured at sides.


line.

Fore tibia (Figure 10F): Tridentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.





Parameres (Figure 3G&H, 10I&J): Short and broad; base broad; sides outwardly curved;

inner margin outwardly curved; apex blunt.

Material examined: 1♂, SouthVolka, BTR, 19.v.95, coll. S.Saha; 1♂, South Volka, BTR,

19.v.97, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: Chennai, Tamilnadu and West Bengal; Myanmar (Arrow 1917, Chatterjee

& Biswas 1995, Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).

Anomala trochanterica Arrow, 1917

(Figure 2J, 11A-H)

Anomala trochanterica Arrow, 1917: 238.

Description: ♀

Length 11.3 mm, humeral width 5.75 mm. Body elongate, narrowed in front, compact and

litttle convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2J, 11A): Blackish brown with front and basal margin of

pronotum, sutural margin of elytra black.


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Head (Figure 11A&B): Short and elongate; coarsely and densely punctured.

Clypeus (Figure 11A&B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin

gently reflexed and round at angles.

Fronto-clypeal suture (Figure 11B): Marked by a transverse straight line, strongly evident at

sides.

Interocular width: 5 x transverse eye diameter.


Pronotum (Figure 11A): Hexagonal; broad at base and narrow anteriorly; medially nearly

smooth and laterally coarsely punctured; margins elevated and little reflexed except above

scutellum; sides sinuate, obtusely angulate at middle and sloping in front; base sinuate and

roundly produced at middle; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 11A): Short; obtusely triangular; nearly smooth; medially shallowly

excavate enclosing a short longitudinal depression; sides gradually round; apex blunt.

Elytra (Figure 11A): Coarsely punctured in longitudinal rows, with the punctures coalesce at

apex forming rugosity; intervals scatteredly punctured; margins elevated, sutural one with a

membranous fringe at posterior half and apex; angles obtuse; humps evident.

Pygidium (Figure 11D): Transversely strigose.

Mesosternum (Figure 11E): Laterally coarsely punctured, medially smooth and marked by a

deep longitudinal groove.





Claws (Figure 11F, G&H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one of both cleft and of

fore dilated at base; hind equal.

Material examined: 1♀, Raimatang, BTR, 30.v.96, coll. S.Saha; 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR,

10.iv.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: Sikkim and West Bengal (Arrow 1917, Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).

Anomala signaticollis Nonfried, 1893

(Figure 2K&L, 12A-J)

Anomala signaticollis Nonfried, 1893: 334.

Anomala signaticollis Arrow – 1917: 198, pl III, fig.36.

Description: ♂

Length 13.75 mm, humeral width 7.25 mm. Body short, oval, compact and convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2K&L, 12A): Pale yellow with head and clypeus red brown; a

large patch on head basally, pronotum excepting the lateral margin, scutellum, a lusture and

sutural margin of each elytron green; all tibiae and tarsi black brown; venter scantily setose.

Head (Figure 12A&B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured at base, nearly

smooth in front.

Clypeus (Figure 12A&B): Short and transverse; smooth at base, rest rugose; front margin






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Pronotum (Figure 12A): Transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; margins little elevated

and reflexed; sides gradually round and sloping anteriorly; base sinuate and roundly produced

at middle; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 12A): Short; obtusely triangular; coarsely and densely punctured; sides

gradually round; apex blunt.

Elytra (Figure 12A): Finely punctured in longitudinal rows; intervals scatteredly and minutely

punctured; apex and posterior part of suture with a fine membranous margin; humeral angles

acutely blunt and apical angles obtuse; humps elevated.

Pygidium (Figure 12D): Coriaceous.

Mesosternum (Figure 12E): Medially excavate, smooth and marked by a longitudinal line;

marginally coarsely punctate.

Fore tibia (Figure 12F): Bluntly bidentate, second very short; subterminally with 1 short spur.





Parameres (Figure 3I&J, 12I&J): Short and elongate; base broad; sides curved; inner margin

straight; apex conical.

♀: Hind tibia much slender; divisions of longer front claw are remote from tip.

Material examined: 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 29.iii.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♂, South Rydak,

BTR, 03.iii.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 09.iii.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya and West Bengal (Arrow 1917, Chatterjee &

Biswas 1995, Sarkar et al 2010).

Anomala rufiventris Redtenbacher, 1848

(Figure 2M&N, 13A-J)

Anomala rufiventris Redtenbacher, 1848: 526.

Anomala rufiventris Arrow – 1917: 236.

Description: ♂

Length 19 mm, humeral width 10 mm. Body long, oval, compact and convex.

Colour and markings (Figure 2M&N, 13A): Browny bronze with green metallic lusture.

Head (Figure 13A&B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; vertex with a

short and blunt elevation at middle.

Clypeus (Figure 13A&B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured at base,

rugose in front; front margin gently reflexed and round at angles.

Fronto-clypeal suture (Figure 13B): Marked by a transverse sinuate line.

Interocular width: 4 x transverse eye diameter.


Pronotum (Figure 13A): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; margins

elevated and little reflexed; sides gradually round and sloping anteriorly; base sinuate and

roundly produced at middle; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.

Scutellum (Figure 13A): Obtusely triangular; coarsely and densely punctured; sides gradually

round; apex blunt.


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Elytra (Figure 13A): Coarsely and densely punctured in longitudinal rows; intervals

scatteredly punctured; margins elevated and reflexed; humeral angles blunt and sutural angles

obtuse; humps elevated.

Pygidium (Figure 13D): Transversely strigose.

Mesosternum (Figure 13E): Laterally rugose; medially nearly smooth, depressed and marked

by a longitudinal groove.

Fore tibia (Figure 13F): Bluntly bidentate, first very sharp; subterminally with 1 short spur.




Claws (Figure 13F, G&H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft and dilated at

base; hind equal.

Parameres (Figure 3K&L, 13I&J): Elongate; base broad; sides sinuate; inner margin curved

and acutely toothed near base; apex acute and projected downwards.

♀: First tooth of fore tibia very blunt; inner fore claw acute.

Material examined: 2♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 08.v.94, coll. S.Saha; 1♂, Rajabhatkhawa,

BTR, 09.v.94, coll. S.Saha; 1♀, Jayanti, BTR, 11.v.94, coll. S.Saha; 2♂, Rajabhatkhawa,

BTR, 18.v.95, coll. S.Saha; 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 19.v.95, coll. S.Saha; 1♂1♀,

Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 20.v.95, coll. S.Saha; 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 16.ix.96, coll. S.Saha;

1♂1♀, Newlands, BTR, 17.v.97, coll. B.Kundu; 2♀1♂, Sankosh, BTR, 18.v.97, coll. S.Saha;

2♂1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 20.v.97, coll. S.Saha; 1♂, Damanpur, BTR, 02.v.02, coll.

S.K.Sarkar; 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 29.iii.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♀2♂, Cheko, BTR,

07.vi.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♂, Nimati, BTR, 21.v.02, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 2♀, Kumargram,

BTR, 11.iv.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♂, Sankosh, BTR, 20.iii.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar; 1♂,

Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 31.v.03, coll. S.K.Sarkar.

Distribution: India: Assam, Manipur, Uttarakhand and West Bengal; Bhutan (Arrow 1917,

Chatterjee & Biswas 1995, Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors are grateful to MOEF, GOI for financing the research work (Sanction no. – 14/34/2000-ERS/RE,

Dt.17/10/01), Head, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta. Hon’ble Vice chancellor, Ramakrishna

Mission Vivekananda University, for providing necessary laboratory facilities. Thanks are extended to all

officials and field staffs of Buxa Tiger Reserve for their cooperation during field work. Thanks are due to all

colleagues for their assistance.

References

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Figure 2. A. Anomala nigrovaria Arrow, 1917, ♂ dorsal habitus; B. Anomala fallaciosa

Arrow, 1917, ♀ dorsal habitus; C. Anomala discalis Walker, 1859, ♀ dorsal habitus; D.

Anomala varicolor (Gyllenhal, 1817), ♂ dorsal habitus; E. Anomala varicolor (Gyllenhal,

1817), ♀dorsal habitus; F. Anomala blanchardi Arrow, 1917, ♂ dorsal habitus; G. Anomala

blanchardi Arrow, 1917, ♀ dorsal habitus; H. Anomala variivestis Arrow, 1917, ♀ dorsal

habitus; I. Anomala bengalensis (Blanchard, 1851), ♂ dorsal habitus; J. Anomala

trochanterica Arrow, 1917, ♀ dorsal habitus; K. Anomala signaticollis Nonfried, 1893, ♂

dorsal habitus; L. Anomala signaticollis Nonfried, 1893, ♀dorsal habitus; M. Anomala

rufiventris Redtenbacher, 1848, ♂ dorsal habitus; N. Anomala rufiventris Redtenbacher, 1848,

♀ dorsal habitus.


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Figure 3. Genital capsule of – A. Anomala nigrovaria Arrow, 1917, C. Anomala varicolor

(Gyllenhal, 1817), E. Anomala blanchardi Arrow, 1917, G. Anomala bengalensis (Blanchard,

1851), I. Anomala signaticollis Nonfried, 1893, K. Anomala rufiventris Redtenbacher,1848.

Parameres of – B. Anomala nigrovaria Arrow, 1917, D. Anomala varicolor (Gyllenhal,

1817) , F. Anomala blanchardi Arrow, 1917, H. Anomala bengalensis (Blanchard, 1851), J.

Anomala signaticollis Nonfried, 1893, L. Anomala rufiventris Redtenbacher, 1848.


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Figure 4. Anomala nigrovaria Arrow, 1917, Male: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head & Clypeus,

dorsal view; C. Antenna, lateral view; D. Pygidium, dorsal view; E. Mesosternum, ventral

view; F. Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G. Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H. Hind tibia, tarsi & claws; I.

Genital cpsule; J. Parameres.


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Figure 5. Anomala fallaciosa Arrow, 1917, Female: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head & Clypeus,


view; F. Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G. Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H. Hind tibia, tarsi & claws.


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Figure 6. Anomala discalis Walker, 1859, Female: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head & Clypeus,




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Figure 7. Anomala varicolor (Gyllenhal, 1817), Male: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head &

Clypeus, dorsal view; C. Antenna, lateral view; D. Pygidium, dorsal view; E. Mesosternum,

ventral view; F. Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G. Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H. Hind tibia, tarsi &

claws; I. Genital cpsule; J. Parameres.


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Figure 8. Anomala blanchardi Arrow, 1917, Male: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head & Clypeus,


view; F. Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G. Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H. Hind tibia, tarsi & claws; I.

Genital cpsule; J. Parameres.


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Figure 9. Anomala variivestis Arrow, 1917, Female: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head & Clypeus,




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Figure 10. Anomala bengalensis (Blanchard, 1851), Male: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head &





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Figure 11. Anomala trochanterica Arrow, 1917, Female: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head &



claws.


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Figure 12. Anomala signaticollis Nonfried, 1893, Male: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head &





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Figure 13. Anomala rufiventris Redtenbacher,1848, Male: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head &




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