Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
ANSI Z136.1-CDVStatus on Updates for Next Revision
& Work by TSC-4 Committee on Control Measures and Training
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
American National Standard Z136 Series
Z136.3
Health Care Facilities
Z136.4
Measurements
Z136.5
EducationalInstitutions
Z136.7
Laser Protective
Equipment
Z136.6
Outdoors
Z136.1 for Safe Use of Lasers
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The Newest Member of the ANSI Z136 Series
ANSI Z136.8 (2012)Safe Use of Lasers in Research,
Development or Testing
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DRAFT Standards
Z136.9
Manufacturing
Z136.10
Entertainment, Displays & Exhibitions
Z136.1 for Safe Use of Lasers
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SSC-1 CDV (June 2012)
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Changes Throughout Document
• Units changed to nanometers for all wavelengths shorter than 2,999 nm (180 nm to 2,999 nm) and microns for longer wavelengths (3 µm to 1,000 μm).
• Tables within the text of the document have been renumbered with a dash (e.g. Table 1-1 is the first table in Section 1). Tables after the normative text portion are now numbered Tables 1- 11.
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• Section 1: General– Statement that vertical standards
take precedence over this document (within the scope of that standard).
• Section 2: Definitions– Added some new definitions, for
example:• Laser Controlled Area (LCA)• Engineering control measure
– Deleted some definitions, for example:• Scintillation
Dot 1Dot 6
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Section 3: Hazard Evaluation and Classification
Included optics transmission in hazard classification of lasers (explicitly done by including
them in Section 3.2.3.4.2(2) and Table 9)
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Section 4: Control Measures
• Section completely re-written and re-arranged• Use of laser eye protection for Class 3B is proposed
as required (shall) instead of advisory (should) – see Section 4.4.4.2 and Table 10c
• Proposed change to the time base for LEP selection (recommendation) to be 100 seconds for UV intrabeamexposures (see Table 2)
• Changes in signage to really be Z535.2 compliant
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Section 4: Control Measures
• Hierarchy of control measures:– Engineering controls– Administrative controls– PPE
(PPE was treated partially as an administrative control in 2007 edition)
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Section 4: Control Measures
• Emphasizes that most engineering controls should have been instituted by the manufacturer of the laser product under the FLPPS so that user will seldom need to apply additional engineering controls or labels on laser products.
• ANSI Z136 engineering controls are generally relevant to systems developed or modified for in-house use only.
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• 2007 Section 4: Control Measures– 4.1 General Considerations– 4.2 Subst. Alternate
Controls
• 201x Section 4: Control Measures– 4.1 General Considerations– 4.2 Subst. Alternate Controls
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls
Personal Protective Equipment
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• 2007 Section 4: Control Measures– 4.3 Engineering Controls– 4.4 Admin/Proc. Controls– 4.5 Spec. Considerations– 4.6 Protective Equipment– 4.7 Area Warning Signs &
Labels
• 201x Section 4: Control Measures– 4.3 Manufacturer Control
Measures (note – this section is now only one paragraph in the CDV)
– 4.4 User Control Measures• 4.4.1 General• 4.4.2 Engineering Controls
(note – for internal systems only)
• 4.4.3 Administrative Controls• 4.4.4 PPE
– 4.5 Special Considerations– 4.6 LCA Warning Signs &
Equipment Labels
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Section 4.4.3.5 Indoor Laser Controlled Area
• Basically the same area requirements as in 2007 edition for Class 3B/4
• Change: Now includes Temporary Laser Controlled Area, that is, the same control measures apply whether the LCA is normally Class 3B/4 or if Class 3B/4 conditions exist only temporarily.
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Section 4.6: LCA Warning Signs & Equipment Labels:
Now ANSI Z535.2 Compliant
• 4.6.3.1 DANGER Signs.– Extremely high power or high pulse energy
Class 4 with exposed beams
• 4.6.3.2 WARNING Signs.– Class 3R, 3B, and most Class 4
• 4.6.3.3 CAUTION Signs.– Class 2, 2M
• Three panel design, can be “portrait” instead of “landscape” format as shown
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Section 4.6: LCA Warning Signs & Equipment Labels:Now ANSI Z535.2 Compliant
• (NOTICE Sign)“This signal word shall not be associated directly with a hazard or hazardous situation and must not be used in place of DANGER or CAUTION.” ANSI Z535.2
• Can be used in conjunction withLaser Controlled Area sign( DANGER or WARNING )
(ANSI Z136.1-2007 version)
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• Section 5: Education and Training• No significant changes
• Section 6: Medical Examinations• Significant portions of text removed and clarified
(both text and appendix)
• Section 7: Non-Beam Hazards• Section completely rewritten
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• Section 7: Non-Beam Hazard (NBH)
• More clearly defines what is (and is not) a NBH:“Non-Beam Hazards (NBH): All hazards arising from the presence of a laser system, excluding direct human exposure to direct or scattered laser radiation.”
• Resolves previous internal consistency issues (e.g. clarifies “collateral” versus “laser target interaction” radiation)
• Reorganized to streamline, eliminate redundancy, etc.• Addresses emerging hazards (e.g. nano, fiber particles)• Added useful tools (e.g. Irradiance Dependence Table)
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• Section 8: Criteria for Exposures of Eye and Skin
– Changes to MPEs• Previous Tables 5a & 5b (Ocular MPEs) become Tables 5a-5f• Previous Table 6 (Parameters and Correction Factors) becomes
Tables 6a-6c• tmin (thermal confinement time) is reduced• αmax (angular subtense) is time dependent• CP (multiple pulse reduction factor) depends on both α and
number of pulses• Table 7 (Skin MPEs) becomes Tables 7a-7c
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• For Further Information:
See the abstract of Schulmeister, Karl; Stuck, Bruce E.; Lund, David J.; Sliney, David H, “Review of Thresholds and Recommendations for Revised Exposure Limits for Laser and Optical Radiation for Thermally Induced Retinal Injury”, Health Phys 100(2), 210-220 (2011).
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Changes to NIR MPEs
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• Section 9: Measurements- No significant changes
• Tables:- Renumbered and updated- Separate tables for Engineering,
Administrative, and PPE control measures
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• Appendix B “Calculations for Hazard Evaluation
and Classification” – updated to reflect
changes in standard
• Appendix C “Hazard Evaluation, Classification and Control Measures” – Now called “Selected
AELs and MPEs”– Alternate labeling
moved to Appendix D– Laser protection
damage threshold moved to Appendix D
Appendices:
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
• New Appendix D:“Information on Laser Products and Control
Measures”– Laser product requirements– Alternate signage and labeling
(“grandfather clause”)– Laser protection damage
threshold evaluation (formerly in Appendix C)
• Appendix E :“Guide for Organization and Implementation of Employee
Laser Safety Training Programs”
- Essentially the same as previous Appendix D)
Appendices:
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
Proposed Changes in CDV of Z136.1
Appendices:
• Appendix E “Medical Examinations– restructured
• Appendix F “Non-Beam Hazards”– reduced to informative material on LGACs– other general NBH content relocated to Section 7
• Appendix G “Biological Effects of the Eye and Skin”– updated
Copyright © 2012 Rockwell Laser Industries
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