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CDS-II 2019 INDIAN HISTORY Test-04 Answer Key with Explanation Booklet
CDS-II 2019 TEST SERIES
INDIAN
HISTORY (Ancient, Medieval, Modern)
_____________________________________________________________________________
ANSWER BOOKLET INDIAN HISTORY
ANSWER KEY WITH EXPLANATION
CDS-II 2019 INDIAN HISTORY Test-04 Answer Key with Explanation Booklet
Test No.
NDICDS21904 A
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HISTORY ANSWER KEY
1 A 21 B 41 B 61 C 81 B
2 C 22 C 42 B 62 D 82 C
3 B 23 C 43 C 63 D 83 A
4 C 24 C 44 A 64 C 84 D
5 A 25 B 45 C 65 A 85 B
6 C 26 D 46 D 66 B 86 B
7 A 27 A 47 C 67 C 87 D
8 C 28 A 48 C 68 C 88 A
9 A 29 C 49 C 69 A 89 C
10 B 30 D 50 D 70 A 90 A
11 C 31 C 51 C 71 A 91 D
12 B 32 B 52 A 72 D 92 D
13 D 33 D 53 D 73 D 93 B
14 B 34 D 54 D 74 C 94 C
15 C 35 C 55 D 75 B 95 B
16 C 36 A 56 D 76 B 96 D
17 C 37 A 57 D 77 B 97 C
18 A 38 B 58 A 78 C 98 D
19 C 39 C 59 D 79 C 99 A
20 A 40 C 60 A 80 B 100 A
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HISTORY ANSWER EXPLANATIONS
1. Answer: A
Explanation:
The first session of Indian National
Congress was attended by 72
delegates and presided over by 72
delegates and presided over by W.C.
Bonnerjee.
The session was organized at
Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in
Bombay in December 1885. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
Kadambini Ganguly was the first
female graduate from India as well as
from the entire British Empire.
Kadambini, herself, was also the first
Indian as well as South Asian female
physician, trained in western
medicine, to graduate in South Asia.
She was also the first woman to
address an open session of the Indian
National Congress in 1890. Hence,
statement 2 is incorrect.
2. Answer: C
Explanation:
Pherozeshah Mehta is an Indian
political leader, planner of the
municipal charter for Bombay and
founder of the English-language
newspaper Bombay Chronicle.
He presided over the sixth session of
the Indian National Congress in
1890.
He had a major role in the
establishment of a Swadeshi bank i.e.
the Central Bank of India. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
Surendranath Banerjees is one of
important moderate political leader.
He founded the Indian National
Association, through which he led
two sessions of the Indian National
Conference in 1883 and 1885, along
with Anandamohan Bose.
He founded a new organization
named Indian National Liberation
Federation in 1919.
He was editor of "The Bengali"
newspaper. Written in the last years
of Sir Surendranath Banerjees life, A
Nation in Making is not only the
Autobiography of a pioneering leader
in Indian politics but also a
commentary on public life. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
3. Answer: B
Explanation:
Indian Councils Act 1892
Main Provisions:
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Number of additional members in
Imperial Legislative Councils and the
Provincial Legislative Councils was
raised.
In Imperial Legislative Council, now
the governor-general could have ten
to sixteen non-officials (instead of six
to ten previously).
The non-official members of the
Indian legislative council were to be
nominated by the Bengal Chamber of
Commerce and provincial legislative
councils.
The members could be recommended
by universities, municipalities,
zamindars and chambers of
commerce. So the principle of
representation was introduced.
Budget could be discussed.
Questions could be asked.
Limitations:
The officials retained their majority
in the council, thus making
ineffective the non-official voice.
The ‘reformed’ Imperial Legislative
Council met, during its tenure till
1909, on an average for only thirteen
days in a year, and the number of
unofficial Indian members present
was only five out of twenty-four.
The budget could not be voted upon,
nor could any amendments be made
to it.
Supplementaries could not be asked,
nor could answers to any question be
discussed.
4. Answer: C
Explanation:
The Congress is tottering to its fall,
and one of my great ambitions while
in India is to assist it to a peaceful
demise was political view of Lord
Curzon.
5. Answer: A
Explanation:
N.M. Lokhande is one of the pioneers
of Indian labour movement. In 1890,
he established an organization called
“Bombay Mill Hands Association”
and took the initiative in organizing
protests. Hence, statement 1 is
incorrect.
In 1918, along with V.
Kalyanasundaram Mudaliar, Wadia
founded the Madras Labour Union,
one of India's first organized labour
unions. Hence statement 2 is
incorrect.
6. Answer: C
Explanation:
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E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker popularly
known as Periyar, was an Indian
social activist, and politician who
started the Self-Respect Movement
and Dravidar Kazhagam.
Kudi Arasu, which translates into
Republic in English, was a Tamil
weekly magazine published by
Periyar E. V. Ramasamy Naicker to
propogate his ideas. Hence, option(c)
is correct.
7. Answer: A
Explanation:
The Aitchison Commission (Public
Service Commission) was set up in
1886 under the chairmanship of Sir
Aitchison to come up with a scheme
for fulfilling the claims of Indians to
higher and more extensive
employment in public service.
Hence, option (a) is correct.
8. Answer: C
Explanation:
Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana
(SNDP) Movement, also known as
Ezhava Movement was started by Sri
Narayana Guru against the Brahmin
dominance.
He formed a programme of action
known as the ‘SNDP Yogam’. The
Yogam took up several issues,
including the right of admission to
public schools, recruitment to
government employment, entry into
temples, on roads and political
representation. Hence, statement 1 is
correct.
Jotiba Phule was an Indian social
activist, thinker, anti-caste social
reformer and writer from
Maharashtra. He fought for the cause
of caste discrimination.
He wrote ‘Gulamgiri’ and
‘Sarvajanik Satyadharma Pustak’.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
9. Answer: A
Explanation:
In 1920, M.N. Roy and other Indians
at Tashkent announced the formation
of the Communist Party of India.
The Communist Party of India
(C.P.I) was declared an illegal
organization by British government
in 1934. Hence, statement 1 is
correct.
The Forward Bloc was formed in
March 1939, by Subhash Chandra
Bose. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
10. Answer: B
Explanation:
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In 1880, Viceroy Lytton appointed
Royal commission of Famine under
the presidency of Richard Strachey to
formulate general principles and
suggest specific measures of a
preventive and protective nature.
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
The famines of 1899-1900 was
followed by a commission under the
presidency of Sir Anthony Mac
Donnell (1901). It emphasized on the
policy of ‘Moral Strategy’ and
advocated the appointment of a
famine commissioner in s province
where relief operations were
expected to be extensive. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
11. Answer: C
Explanation:
Depressed Class Welfare Institute
(Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha) s a
central institution formed by Dr.
Babasaheb Ambedkar for removing
difficulties of the untouchables and
placing their grievances before
government. Hence, statement 1 is
correct.
Mahatma Gandhi founded Harijan
Sevak Sangh for removal of
untouchability and social
discrimination against untouchable
and lower caste. Hence, statement is
correct.
12. Answer: B
Explanation:
In 1919, the Government of India
announced the formation of a
committee of inquiry into the events
in Punjab. It is also known as the
Disorders Inquiry Committee, it was
later more widely known as the
Hunter Commission under the
chairmanship of Lord William
Hunter.
The stated purpose of the
commission was to "investigate the
recent disturbances in Bombay, Delhi
and Punjab, about their causes, and
the measures taken to cope with
them"
In the commission there were three
Indian members: Sir Chimanlal
Harilal Setalvad (Vice- Chancellor of
Bombay University and advocate of
the Bombay High Court), Pandit
Jagat Narayan (lawyer and Member
of the Legislative Council of the
United Provinces), Sardar Sahibzada
Sultan Ahmad Khan, lawyer from
Gwalior State. Hence, option (b) is
correct.
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13. Answer: D
Explanation:
Important acts/commissions during the
tenure of Lord Curzon were:
Ancient Monuments Act (1904), to
restore India’s cultural heritage.
Thus, established Archeological
Survey of India.
In1899, the number of Indian
members in Calcutta Corporation
was reduced through Calcutta
Corporation Act.
In 1904, the Indian Official Secrets
Act passed restricting the freedom of
the Press.
Indian Universities Act, 1904 passed
to improve the condition of education
in India and upgrade the system to a
better level.
Second Police commission was set
up in 1902 under the chairmanship of
Andrew Fraser. Hence, option (d) is
correct.
14. Answer: B
Explanation:
Dadabhai Naoroji was also known as
the "The Grand Old Man of India".
He was prominent moderate leader
who criticized the economic policy of
British government.
He wrote the book ‘Poverty and Un-
British Rule in India’ which brought
attention to the draining of India's
wealth into Britain. Hence, statement
2 is correct.
As the president of Indian National
Congress in Calcutta session of 1906,
he laid down the goal of Self
Government or Swaraj. Hence
statement 1 is incorrect.
15. Answer: C
Explanation:
The foreigners served as the
presidents of Indian National
Congress sessions were George
Yule(1888), William
Wedderburn(1889 and 1910), Alfred
Webb(1894), Henry Cotton(1904)
and Annie Besant(1917) Hence,
option (c) is correct.
Indian National Congress was
formed in 1885 during the tenure of
viceroy Lord Dufferin. Henry Olcott
was founder of Theosophical society.
16. Answer: C
Explanation:
The Muslim League was formed at
Decca by Aga Khan, and Nawab
Salimullah of Decca played an
important role in its formation.
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The objectives of the league were to
create or promote a sense of loyalty
among the Muslims towards the
British government and to protect the
political rights and other interests of
the Muslims. Hence, statement 1 is
correct.
Amar Sonar Bangla is the national
anthem of Bangladesh was written by
Rabindranath Tagore, which was
sung by huge crowds during the
Swadeshi movement. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
17. Answer: C
Explanation:
Ambika Charan Majumdar was the
president of Lucknow session (1916)
of Indian National Congress. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
The session is memorable for the re-
union of the Moderate and Extremist
wings of Indian National Congress.
In the same session, unity between
the Congress and Muslim League
was also achieved. Hence, statement
2 is correct.
18. Answer: A
Explanation:
Simon Commission, group appointed
in November 1927 by the British
Conservative government under
Stanley Baldwin to report on the
working of the Indian constitution
established by the Government of
India Act of 1919 headed by Simon.
Most of the political parties in India
boycotted the commission except
few parties like Unionist party in
Punjab and the Justice Party of
Madras province. Hence, statement 2
is incorrect.
Mahatma Gandhi gave up the title of
Kaiser-i-Hind to protest against
Jallianwalabagh Massacre. Hence,
statement 3 is incorrect.
Simon Commission proposed the
abolition of dyarchy and the
establishment of responsible
government in the provinces which
should be given autonomy. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
19. Answer: C
Explanation:
Indian Councils Act of 1909, also
called Morley-Minto Reforms, series
of reform measures enacted in 1909
by the British Parliament. For the
first time, separate electorates for
Muslims for election to the central
council were established. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
Under the Act, one Indian was to be
appointed to the viceroy’s executive
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council. Satyendra Sinha was the first
Indian to be appointed in 1909.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
20. Answer: A
Explanation:
Barrah Dacoity was organized by
Decca Anushilan under Pulian Das to
raise funds for revolutionary
activities. Hence, statement 1 is
correct. Rashbehari Bose and Sachin
Sanyal staged a bomb attack on
Viceroy Hardinge. Hence, statement
2 is incorrect.
In 1908, Prafulla Chaki and Kudiram
Bose threw a bomb at a carriage
supposed to carrying the judge,
Kingsford, in Muzzafarpur.
21. Answer: B
Explanation:
The newspapers and journals
advocating revolutionary activity
after the failure of Swadeshi
movement included Sandhya and
Yugantar in Bengal and Kal in
Maharashtra.
22. Answer: C
Explanation:
The first of the revolutionary
activities in Maharashtra was the
organization of the Ramosi Peasant
Force by Vasudev Balwant Phadke in
1879, which aimed to rid the country
of the British by instigating an armed
revolt by disrupting communication
lines. Hence, option(c) is correct.
23. Answer: C
Explanation:
By boycotting the Simon
commission, an All Parties
Conference met in February 1928
and appointed a sub-committee under
the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru to
draft a constitution.
Nehru report recommended the
Dominion status on the lines of self-
governing dominions as the form of
government desired by Indians.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Report called for joint electorates
with reservation of seats for Muslims
at the Centre and in provinces where
they are in minority. Hence,
statement 2 is incorrect.
Nehru report recommended 19
fundamental rights including equal
rights for women, right to form union
and universal adult suffrage. Hence,
statement 3 is correct.
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24. Answer: C
Explanation:
After the calling off of non-
cooperation movement, a section
leaders headed by C.R. Das and
Motilal Nehru advocated to enter the
council and expose the government
weakness. In December 1922,
C.R.Das and Motilal Nehru formed
the ‘Congress Khilafat Swaraj Party’
with Das as president. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
Belgaum session of Indian National
Congress(1924) was presided by
Mahatma Gandhi. It is the only time
that Mahatma Gandhi presided the
Indian National Congress. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
25. Answer: B
Explanation:
Sahodaran Ayyappan is a social
reformer, revolutionary, poet,
rationalist, an impeccable
administrator and a legislator who
brought in several landmark
legislation.
He coined a rejoinder Jati Venda,
Matam Venda, Deivam Venda
Manushyanu (No Caste, No
Religion, No God for Mankind) to
the slogan Oru Jaathi Oru Matham
Oru Daivam Manushyanu (One
Caste, One Religion, One God for
Mankind) of social reformer Sree
Narayan Guru. Hence, option (b) is
correct.
26. Answer: D
Explanation:
In March 1931, a special session of
the Congress was held at Karachi to
endorse the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Other resolutions were:
The goal of Purna swaraj was
reiterated.
Resolution on National Economic
Programme was adopted. Hence,
statement 2 is correct
Resolution on Fundamental Rights
was adopted. Some of the
fundamental rights included free
speech and free press, right to
assemble, free and compulsory
primary education, right to form
associations and universal adult
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franchise. Hence, statement 3 is
correct.
27. Answer: A
Explanation:
Muddiman Committee, 1924 a
committee appointed by the British
government in early 1924 with the
terms of reference of making an
empirical investigation into the
working of the Constitution as set up
in 1921 under the India Act of 1919,
and making appropriate
recommendations for the
consideration of the authorities
28. Answer: A
Explanation:
Appointment of Simon Commission:
November 8, 1927 Jinnah’s fourteen
points as against Nehru Report was
given in March 1929.
A pact was signed between the
viceroy Irwin, representing the
British government, and Gandhi,
representing the Indian people, in
Delhi on February 14, 1931 popularly
known as Gandhi- Irwin Pact.
Poona pact was agreed between
Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar. Poona
Pact was signed by B.R. Ambedkar
on behalf of the depressed classes on
September 24, 1932, which
abandoned the idea of separate
electorate for the depressed classes.
However, it increases seats reserved
for depressed classes in both central
legislature and provincial legislature.
Hence, option (a) is correct.
29. Answer: C
Explanation:
The Cripps Mission was a failed
attempt in late March 1942 by the
British government to secure full
Indian cooperation and support for
their efforts in World War II. Cripps
mission offered full dominion status
after the end second world war.
Congress rejected the offer.
Mahatma Gandhi said that Cripps'
offer of Dominion Status after the
war was a "post-dated cheque drawn
on a failing bank". Hence, option(c)
is correct.
30. Answer: D
Explanation:
Hermann Kallenbach was a
Lithuanian born Jewish South
African doctor who was one of the
foremost friends and associates of
Mahatma Gandhi.
In 1910 Kallenbach, then a rich man,
donated to Gandhi a thousand-acre
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farm belonging to him near
Johannesburg. The farm was used to
run Gandhi's famous "Tolstoy Farm"
that housed the families of
satyagrahis. Hence, option (d) is
correct.
31. Answer: C
Explanation:
The League against Imperialism and
Colonial Oppression was a
transnational antiimperialist
organization in the inter world war
period.
The German communist and chair of
the Workers International Relief
Willi Münzenberg initiated the
establishment of the League against
Imperialism.
To this end, he invited many
personalities from European and
American Left and anticolonial
nationalists from the colonized
world.
Among those present in Brussels
were emissaries of the Chinese
Guomindang Party in Europe,
Jawaharlal Nehru of the Indian
National Congress, accompanied by
Virendranath Chattopadhyaya, J.T.
Gumede of the African National
Congress (ANC) of South Africa,
Messali Hadj of the Algerian North-
African Star, and Mohammad Hatta
of the Perhimpoenan Indonesia.
Hence, option (c) is correct.
32. Answer: B
Explanation:
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt
threw a bomb in Central Legislative
Assembly in 1929 against the
passage of the Public Safety Bill and
Trade Disputes Bill aimed at
curtailing civil liberties of citizens in
general and workers in particular.
The bombs had been deliberately
made harmless and were aimed at
making 'the deaf hear'. The objective
was to get arrested and to use the trial
court as a forum for propaganda so
that people would become familiar
with their movement and ideology.
Hence, option (b) is correct.
33. Answer: D
Explanation:
Gandhiji thanked God for the
Viceroy's narrow escape and
condemned in his article “The Cult of
the Bomb” the revolutionaries for the
act.
It was in reply to Gandhiji's article
that this outstanding document ‘The
Philosophy of the Bomb’ was written
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by Bhagawati Charan Vohra in
consultation with Chandra Shekhar
Azad. Hence, option (d) is correct.
34. Answer: D
Explanation:
On September 3, 1939, Britain
declares war against Germany and
declares India's support for the war
without consulting Indian opinion.
On October 23, 1939, the CWC
meeting decided not to support the
war, and called upon the Congress
ministries to resign in the provinces.
Hence, option (d) is correct.
35. Answer: C
Explanation:
Hitler's huge success and the fall of
Belgium, Holland and France put
England in a conciliatory mood.
To get Indian cooperation in the war
effort, the viceroy announced the
August Offer (August 1940) which
proposed:
Dominion status as the objective for
India. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
Setting up of a constituent assembly
after the war. Indians would decide
the constitution according to their
social, economic and political
conceptions, subject to fulfilment of the
obligation of the Government regarding
defence, minority rights, treaties with
states, all India services. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
No future constitution to be adopted
without the consent of minorities.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.
The Congress rejected the August
Offer. Nehru said, "Dominion status
concept is dead as a door nail.
36. Answer: A
Explanation:
Taraknath Das started his journal
‘Free Hindustan’ in English in
Vancouver.
It became a more overtly anti-British
organ. Hence, pair 1 is correctly
matched. Rast Goftar was an Anglo-
Gujarati paper operating in Bombay
that was started in 1851 by
Dadabhai Naoroji and Kharshedji
Cama and championed social reform
among Parsis in Western India.
Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched.
The Al-Hilal was a weekly Urdu
language newspaper established by
the Indian leader Maulana Abul
Kalam Azad and used as a medium
for criticism of the British Raj in
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India. Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly
matched.
37. Answer: A
Explanation:
Cripps Mission: March, 1942
Quit India Movement: August 1942
Wavell Plan: June, 1945
Cabinet Mission: March, 1946
Hence, option (a) is correct chronological
order.
38. Answer: B
Explanation:
After calling off of the non-
cooperation movement, differences
over the question of council entry
aroused.
It resulted in the defeat of the
Swarajists' proposal of 'ending or
mending' the councils at the Gaya
session of the Congress (December
1922).
C.R Das and Motilal Nehru resigned
from the presidentship and
secretaryship respectively of the
Congress and announced the
formation of Congress-Khilafat
Swarajya Party, with C.R. Das as the
president and Motilal Nehru as one of
the secretaries.
Important members of swarajya party
are C.R. Das, Motilal Nehru,
Vithalbhai Patel and Ajmal Khan.
They were known as pro-changers.
Those who opposed council entry
were known as no-changers.
Important leaders belonging to this
section were Vallabhbhai Patel,
Rajendra Prasad, C. Rajagopalachari
and M.A. Ansari.
They advocated, concentration on
constructive work, and continuation
of boycott and noncooperation, and
quiet preparation for resumption of
the suspended civil disobedience
programme. Hence, option (b) is
correct.
39. Answer: C
Explanation:
The Ghadr Party was a revolutionary
group organized around a weekly
newspaper ‘The Ghadr’ with its
headquarters at San Francisco and
branches along the US coast and in
the Far East.
The Ghadr programme was to
organize assassinations of officials,
publish revolutionary and
antiimperialist literature, and work
among Indian troops stationed
abroad, procure arms and bring about
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a simultaneous revolt in all British
colonies.
The moving spirits behind the Ghadr
Party were Lala Hardayal,
Ramchandra, Bhagwan Singh, Kartar
Singh Saraba, Bark Bhai Parmanand.
Hence, option(c) is correct.
Surya Sen was a Bengali Indian
revolutionary who was influential in
the Indian independence movement
against British rule in India and is
best known for leading the 1930
Chittagong armoury raid in
Chittagong in British India.
40. Answer: C
Explanation:
After the failure of August offer
Gandhi decided to initiate a limited
Satyagraha on an individual basis by
a few selected individuals in every
locality.
The aims of launching individual
Satyagraha were:
To show that nationalist patience was
not due to weakness; Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
To express people's feeling that they
were not interested in the war they
made no distinction between Nazism
and the double autocracy that ruled
India; and
To give another opportunity to the
Government to accept Congress'
demands peacefully. Vinoba Bhave
was the first to offer the Satyagraha
and Nehru, the second. By May 1941,
25,000 people had been convicted for
individual civil disobedience. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
41. Answer: B
Explanation:
Indians as equals. While the
Congress and most business leaders
boycotted the First RTC, the Muslim
League, the Hindu Mahasabha, the
Liberals and princes attended it.
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
The Third Round Table Conference
held without Congress participation.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Congress participated only in the
second round table conference.
42. Answer: B
Explanation:
The Sarda Act (1930) increased the
marriage age to 18 and 14 for boys
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and girls respectively. Hence, option
(b) is correct.
43. Answer: C
Explanation:
Madame Bhikaji Cama operated
from Paris and Geneva and brought
out journal Bande Mataram. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
Aruna Asaf Ali was an Indian
independence activist. She is widely
remembered for hoisting the Indian
National flag at the Gowalia Tank
maidan in Bombay during the Quit
India Movement, 1942. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
44. Answer: A
Explanation:
In 1902, Raleigh Commission was set
up to go into conditions of
universities in India: to suggest
measures for improvement in their
constitution and working.
The commission precluded from
reporting on primary or secondary
education. Based on its
recommendations, the Indian
Universities Act was passed in 1904.
Hence, option (a) is correct.
45. Answer: C
Explanation:
Indian Social Conference was
founded by M.G. Ranade and
Raghunath Rao, the conference met
annually from its first session in
Madras in 1887 at the same time and
venue as the Indian National
Congress.
It focused attention on the social
issues of importance; it could be
called the social reform cell of the
Indian National Congress. It
launched the "Pledge Movement" to
inspire people to take a pledge
against child marriage Hence,
option(c) is correct.
46. Answer: D
Explanation:
The Komagata Maru incident
involved the Japanese steamship
Komagata Maru, on which a group of
citizens of the British Raj attempted
to emigrate to Canada in 1914, but
were denied entry and forced to
return to Caluctta.
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Shore Committee was an
organization set up by the local
Indian community to assist the
passengers of the Komagata Maru
with food, provisions and legal
challenges. Hence, option (d) is
correct answer.
47. Answer: C
Explanation:
During Civil Disobedience
Movement, a powerful agitation was
organized in Assam against the
infamous 'Cunningham circular'
which forced parents, guardians and
students to furnish assurances of
good behaviour. Hence, option(c) is
correct answer.
48. Answer: C
Explanation:
The Indian Currency Committee or
Fowler Committee was a government
committee appointed by the British
Government on 29 April 1898 to
examine the currency situation in
India. Hence, option(c) is correct.
49. Answer: C
Explanation:
The Act of 1919, clarified that there
would be only a gradual development
of self-governing institutions in
India. Under the 1919 Act, the Indian
Legislative Council at the Centre was
replaced by a bicameral system
consisting of a Council of State
(Upper House) and a Legislative
Assembly (Lower House). Each
house was to have a majority of
members who were directly elected.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The Act separated for the first time
the provincial and central budgets,
with provincial legislatures being
authorized to make their budgets.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
50. Answer: D
Explanation:
Prominent women revolutionaries
in Bengal included Pritilata
Waddedar, who died conducting a
raid; Kalpana Dutt who was
arrested and tried along with
Surya Sen and given a life
sentence. Hence, statement 1 is
incorrect,
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Santi Ghosh and Suniti
Chandheri, school girls of
Comilla, who shot dead the
district magistrate(December
1931). Bina Das who fired point
blank at the governor while
receiving her degree at the
convocation. Hence, statement 2
is incorrect.
51. Answer: C
Explanation:
Pahariyas’ Rebellion: The British
expansion on their territory led to an
uprising by the martial Pahariyas of
the Raj Mahal Hills in 1778
Ho and Munda Uprisings (1820-
1837)
Kol Mutiny (1831)
Khond Uprisings (1837-1856)
52. Answer: A
Explanation:
Among the numerous tribal revolts,
the Santhal hool or uprising was the
most massive.
The Santhals, who live in the area
between Bhagalpur and Rajmahal,
known as Daman-i-koh, rose in
revolt; made a determined attempt to
expel the outsiders — the dikus —
and proclaimed the complete
annihilation of the alien regime.
The Damin-i-koh was a densely
forested and hilly area. Even in the
valleys there was hardly any human
interference except for an occasional
Paharia village.
53. Answer: D
Explanation:
Statement 1 is INCORRECT: With
active support of Mukunda Deva, the
last Raja of Khurda, and other
zamindars of the region, Bakshi
Jagabandhu Bidyadhar led a sundry
army of Paikas forcing the East India
Company forces to retreat for a time.
The rebellion came to be known as
the Paika Bidroh (rebellion).
Statement 2 is INCORRECT: The
Kuka Movement was founded in
1840 by Bhagat Jawahar Mal (also
called Sian Saheb) in western Punjab.
A major leader of the movement after
him was Baba Ram Singh.
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54. Answer: D
Explanation:
All the statements are correct The
colonial policies of the East India
Company destroyed the traditional
economic fabric of the Indian society.
The peasantry were never really to
recover from the disabilities imposed
by the new and a highly unpopular
revenue settlement.
The East India Company’s greedy
policy of aggrandizement
accompanied by broken pledges and
promises resulted in contempt for the
Company and loss of political
prestige, besides causing suspicion in
the minds of almost all the ruling
princes in India, through such
policies as of ‘Effective Control’,
‘Subsidiary Alliance’ and ‘Doctrine
of Lapse’. The right of succession
was denied to Hindu princes.
The attempts at socio-religious
reform such as abolition of sati,
support to widow-marriage and
women’s education were seen by a
large section of the population as
interference in the social and
religious domains of Indian society
by outsiders.
55. Answer: D
Explanation:
The events that led to the Revolt
began on 29 March 1857 at
Barrackpore. Mangal Pandey (a
sepoy) refused to use the greased
cartridges and single-handedly
attacked and killed his officer.
Mangal Pandey was hanged.
The city of Delhi fell into the hands
of the rebellious soldiers on 12 May
1857.
Lieutenant Willtashby, the officer in
charge of Delhi could not prevent the
mutineers.
Queen Victoria's Proclamation –
November 1, 1858. On November 1,
1858, a grand Darbar was held at
Allahabad. Here Lord Canning sent
forth the royal proclamation which
announced that the queen had
assumed the government of India.
56. Answer: D
Explanation:
The leadership at Delhi was
nominally in the hands of Bahadur
Shah, but the real control was
exercised by General Bakht Khan.
At Kanpur the revolt was led by Nana
Saheb, the adopted son of Baji Rao II,
the last Peshwa.
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Nana Saheb expelled the English
from Kanpur with the help of the
sepoys and proclaimed himself the
Peshwa.
Kunwar Singh, a ruined and
discontented zamindar of Jagdishpur
near Oudh, was the chief organiser of
the revolt in Bihar.
57. Answer: D
Explanation:
All were reasons for the failure of
1857 revolt.
The Indian soldiers were poorly
equipped materially, fighting
generally with swords and spears and
very few guns and muskets. On the
other hand, the European soldiers
were equipped with the latest
weapons of war like the Enfield rifle.
Different sections of society such as
moneylenders, merchants and
modern educated Indians were
actually against the Revolt.
British possessed better equipment.
In addition, the British were aided by
new scientific inventions such as the
telegraph system and postal
communications.
This enabled the British to keep in
touch with all parts of the country and
to manoeuvre their troops according
to their needs.
58. Answer: A
Explanation:
Government of India Act of 1858
This significant Act was enacted in
the wake of the Revolt of 1857—also
known as the First War of
Independence or the ‘sepoy mutiny’.
The act known as the Act for the
Good Government of India,
abolished the East India Company,
and transferred the powers of
government, territories and revenues
to the British Crown.
Features of the GOI Act 1858
Statement 1 is correct: It provided
that India henceforth was to be
governed by, and in the name of, Her
Majesty.
It changed the designation of the
Governor-General of India to that of
Viceroy of India.
He (viceroy) was the direct
representative of the British Crown in
India.
Lord Canning thus became the first
Viceroy of India.
Statement 2 is correct: It established
a 15-member Council of India to
assist the secretary of state for India.
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The council was an advisory body.
The secretary of state was made the
chairman of the council.
Statement 3 is INCORRECT: Indian
Councils Act of 1861 empowered the
Viceroy to make rules and orders for
the more convenient trans-action of
business in the council.
59. Answer: D
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The outbreak
of cholera and fever added to the
misery of the suffering population.
Lytton’s Government failed
miserably to tackle the situation.
The government’s relief measures
seemed to be inadequate.
The first Famine Commission (1878-
80) under Sir Richard Strachey was
appointed and it made many
commendable recommendations.
Statement 2 is INCORRECT: Second
Afghan War (1878-80) took place
during Lord Lytton.
Statement 3 is correct: Lord Lytton
introduced uniform salt tax
throughout British India. He also
abolished many import duties and
supported the Free Trade Policy.
60. Answer: D
Explanation:
All statements are correct
Ripon believed that self-government
is the highest and noblest principles
of politics. Therefore, Ripon helped
the growth of local bodies like the
Municipal Committees in towns and
the local boards in taluks and
villages.
The powers of municipalities were
increased.
Ripon wanted to review the working
of the educational system on the basis
of the recommendations of the
Wood’s Despatch. For further
improvement of the system Ripon
appointed a Commission
in 1882 under the chairmanship of Sir
William Hunter. The Commission
came to be known as the Hunter
Commission.
He was also responsible for the
rendition of Mysore to its Hindu
ruler. Moreover, he repealed the
Vernacular Press Act and earned
much popularity among Indians.
61. Answer: C
Explanation:
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He instituted in 1902, a Universities
Commission to go into the entire
question of university education in
the country.
On the basis of the findings and
recommendations of the
Commission, Curzon brought in the
Indian Universities Act of 1904,
which brought all the universities in
India under the control of the
government.
He passed a law called the Ancient
Monuments Act, 1904 which made it
obligatory on the part of the
government and local authorities to
preserve the monuments of
archaeological importance and their
destruction an offence.
62. Answer: D
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: Raja
Rammohan Roy established the
Brahmo Samaj at Calcutta in 1828 in
order to purify Hinduism. He is
considered as the first ‘modern man
of India’
Statement 2 is INCORRECT: He
preached monotheism (Belief in one
God)
Statement 3 is correct: He combined
the teachings of the Upanishads, the
Bible and the Koran in developing
unity among the people of different
religions.
The work of the Atmiya Sabha was
carried on by Maharishi
Debendranath Tagore (father of
Rabindranath Tagore), who renamed
it as Brahmo Samaj. He turned the
Brahmo Samaj into a leading social
organisation of India.
63. Answer: D
Explanation:
Statement 1 is INCORRECT: Jagannath
Shankar Seth and Bhau Daji were among
the active promoters of girls’ schools in
Maharashtra.
Statement 2 is correct: Vishnu Shastri
Pandit founded the Widow Remarriage
Association in the 1850s
Statement 3 is correct: Ramabai Ranade
founded the Ladies Social Conference
(Bharat Mahila Parishad), under the parent
organisation National Social Conference, in
1904 in Bombay.
64. Answer: C
Explanation:
Statement 1 is INCORRECT: In
1817, Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded
the Hindu College (now Presidency
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College, Calcutta) along with David
Hare, a missionary.
Statement 2 is INCORRECT: Swami
Dayanand Saraswathi started the
Suddhi movement to bring back
those Hindus who had converted to
other religions to its fold. He wrote
the book Satyartha Prakash which
contains his ideas
Statement 3 is correct: The Arya
Samaj had also spread nationalism.
Hundreds of Arya Samaj patriots,
including Lala Lajpat Rai, took part
in the Indian freedom struggle.
65. Answer: A
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The Prarthana Samaj
was founded in 1867 in Bombay by Dr.
Atmaram Pandurang.
It was an off-shoot of Brahmo Samaj. It was
a reform movement within Hinduism and
concentrated on social reforms like inter-
dining, inter-marriage, widow remarriage
and uplift of women and depressed classes.
Statement 2 is INCORRECT: The
Theosophical Society was founded in New
York (USA) in 1875 by Madam H.P.
Blavatsky, a Russian lady, and Henry Steel
Olcott, an American colonel. They arrived
in India and established their headquarters
at Adyar in Madras in 1882. Later in 1893,
Mrs. Annie Besant arrived in India and took
over the leadership of the Society after the
death of Olcott.
66. Answer: B
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: Vidyasagar
founded many schools for girls. He
helped J.D. Bethune to establish the
Bethune School.
Statement 2 is INCORRECT: He
founded the Metropolitan Institution
in Calcutta.
Statement 3 is correct: He rose to be
the Head Pandit of the Bengali
Department of Fort William College.
He firmly believed that reform in
Indian society could only come about
through education.
67. Answer: C
Explanation:
Both the statements are correct.
The Aligarh Movement was started
by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (1817-98)
for the social and educational
advancement of the Muslims in India.
He fought against the medieval
backwardness and advocated a
rational approach towards religion.
In 1875, he founded a modern school
at Aligarh to promote English
education among the Muslims. This
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had later grown into the
Mohammadan Anglo Oriental
College and then into the Aligarh
Muslim University.
68. Answer: C
Explanation:
All the statements are correct.
Periyar E.V. Ramaswamy was a great
social reformer.
E.V.R. opposed the Varnashrama
policy followed in the V.V.S. Iyer’s
Seranmadevi Gurugulam.
During 1920- 1925 being in the
Congrees Party he stressed that
Congress should accept communal
representation.
Subsequently in 1925, he started the
“Self-Respect Movement”.
The aims of the ‘Self -Respect
Movement’ were to uplift the
Dravidians and to expose the
Brahminical tyrany and deceptive
methods by which they controlled all
spheres of Hindu life.
He encouraged inter-caste
marriages. He himself conducted
many marriages without any rituals.
Such a marriage was known as
“SelfRespect Marriage.” He gave
secular names to new born babies.
69. Answer: A
Explanation:
These were some of the early Political
Associations that paved the way for
organized struggle in India:
The British Indian Association –
1851 Bengal
The Bombay Association — 1852
Dadabhai Naoroji
East India Association 1856 London
Madras Native Association 1852
Poona Sarvojanik Sabha—1870
The Madras Mahajana Sabha—1884
70. Answer: A
Explanation:
The foundations of the Indian
National Movement were laid by
Suredranath Banerjee with the
formation of Indian Association at
Calcutta in 1876.
The aim of the Association was to
represent the views of the educated
middle class, inspire the Indian
community to take the value of united
action.
71. Answer: A (NO Explanation needed)
72. Answer: D
Explanation:
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Around 12,000 years ago, there were
major changes in the climate of the
world, with a shift to relatively warm
conditions. In many areas, this led to
the development of grasslands.
This was also a time when several
grain bearing grasses, including
wheat, barley and rice grew naturally
in different parts of the subcontinent.
Men, women and children probably
collected these grains as food, and
learnt where they grew, and when
they ripened. This may have led them
to think about growing plants on their
own. In this way people became
farmers.
Traces of ash have been found in
Kurnool Caves (Palaeolithic Site).
This suggests that people were
familiar with the use of fire.
Fire could have been used for many
things: as a source of light, to roast
meat, and to scare away animals.
73. Answer: D
Explanation:
The chief characteristic features of
the Neolithic culture are the practice
of agriculture, domestication of
animals, polishing of stone tools and
the manufacture of pottery.
In fact, the cultivation of plants and
domestication of animals led to the
emergence of village communities
based on sedentary life. Wheat,
barely, rice, millet were cultivated in
different areas at different points of
time.
There was a great improvement in
technology of making tools and other
equipments used by man.
Stone tools were now polished.
However use of metal was not
practiced. The polished axes were
found to be more effective tools for
hunting and cutting trees
Mud brick houses were built instead
of grass huts. Wheels were used to
make pottery.
Pottery was used for cooking as well
as storage of food grains. Large urns
were used as coffins for the burial of
the dead. There was also
improvement in agriculture.
74. Answer: C
Explanation:
The Iron Age of the southern
peninsula is often related to
Megalithic Burials. Megalith means
Large Stone.
The burial pits were covered with
these stones. Such graves are
extensively found in South India.
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Some of the important megalithic
sites are Hallur and Maski in
Karnataka, Nagarjunakonda in
Andhra Pradesh and Adichchanallur
in Tamil Nadu.
The chalcolithic communities
founded the first villages in India and
cultivated far more cereals than is
known in the case of the Neolithic
communities.
In particular they cultivated barley,
wheat and lentil in western India, and
rice in southern, and eastern India.
Their cereal food was supplemented
by non-vegetarian food.
75. Answer: B
Explanation:
Inamgaon is an early village site
present in Southern India and it is not
related to Harappan Civilization.
76. Answer: B
Explanation:
William Hawkins visited the court of
Jahangir and received a farman
which allowed East India Company
to set up their first factory at Surat in
1613.
77. Answer: B
Explanation:
Padmavat is an epic poem written in
1540 by Sufi poet Malik Muhammad
Jayasi, who wrote it in the Hindustani
language of Awadhi, and originally
in the Persian Nastaʿlīq script.
It is the oldest extant text among the
important works in Awadhi.
It relates an allegorical fictional story
about the Delhi Sultan Alauddin
Khalji's desire for the titular
Padmavati, the Queen of Chittor.
Alauddin Khalji and Padmavati's
husband Ratan Sen are historical
figures, whereas Padmavati is a
fictional character.
78. Answer: C
Explanation:
The National Defence Fund was set
up to take charge of voluntary
donations in cash and kind received
for promotion of the national defence
effort, and to decide on their
utilisation.
The Fund is used for the welfare of
the members of the Armed Forces
(including Para Military Forces) and
their dependents.
The Fund is administered by an
Executive Committee, with PM as
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Chairperson, and Defence, Finance
and Home Ministers as Members.
Finance Minister is the Treasurer of
the Fund and the Joint Secretary,
PMO dealing with the subject is
Secretary of the Executive
Committee.
Accounts of the Fund are kept with
the Reserve Bank of India. The fund
is entirely dependent on voluntary
contributions from the public and
does not get any budgetary support.
79. Answer: C
Explanation:
The S-400 Triumf — NATO calls it
SA-21 Growler — is a modern long-
range surface-to-air missile (MLR
SAM) system developed by Russia.
First used in 2007, the S-400 is an
upgrade of the S-300 series of missile
systems put in place for the defence
of Moscow.
The missile system integrates a
multifunction radar, autonomous
detection and targeting systems, anti-
aircraft missile systems, launchers,
and command and control centre.
Important Points
1. It is based on a multifunctional system
that can drop missiles at different speeds.
2. It can target aircrafts (up to 5th
generations), cruise and ballistic missiles by
supersonic and hypersonic missiles of the
system.
3. It can address the incoming targets at a
range of 400 kms and a height of 30-40 kms.
4. It can neutralise 36 targets at one time in
the range of 400 kms.
5. Its radar detection system has a range of
600kms and can target 100-300 targets.
6. It has 12 launchers equipped with
missiles which can be launched within 5
minutes.
India shown interest purchasing the
S-400 Triumf from Russia. However,
the deal has run the risk of attracting
sanctions from the U.S. under a 2017
law — the Countering America’s
Adversaries through Sanctions Act
(CAATSA).
80. Answer: B
Explanation:
ORIENTALIST-ANGLICIST
CONTROVERSY:
Within the General Committee on
Public Instruction, the Anglicists
argued that the government spending
on education should be exclusively
for modern studies.
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The Orientalists said while western
sciences and literature should be
taught to prepare students to take up
jobs, emphasis should be placed on
expansion of traditional Indian
learning.
Even the Anglicists were divided
over the question of medium of
instruction—one faction was for
English language as the medium,
while the other faction was for Indian
languages (vernaculars) for the
purpose.
Unfortunately there was a great deal
of confusion over English and
vernacular languages as media of
instruction and as objects of study.
Lord Macaulay's Minute (1835)
settled the row in favour of
Anglicists—the limited government
resources were to be devoted to
teaching of western sciences and
literature through the medium of
English language alone. Hence,
OPTION (b) is correct.
81. Answer: B
Explanation:
The British had pledged to withdraw after
the First Burma War (1824-26) from
Assam. But, after the war, instead of
withdrawing, the British attempted to
incorporate the Ahoms' territories in the
Company's dominion. This sparked off a
rebellion in 1828 under the leadership of
Gomdhar.
Konwar. Finally, the Company decided to
follow a conciliatory policy and handed
over Upper Assam to Maharaja Purandar
Singh Narendra and part of the kingdom
was restored to the Assamese king. Hence
option B is correct.
82. Answer: C
Explanation:
Both the statements are correct.
Bharat Stree Mahamandal was the
first women's organization in India
founded by Sarala Devi Chaudhurani
in Allahabad in 1910. One of the
primary goals of the organization was
to promote female education. Hence,
Statement 1 is correct.
Ahmadiya Movement was founded
by Mirza Ghulam Ahmed in 1889. It
was based on liberal principles.
It described itself as the standard-
bearer of Mohammedan
Renaissance, and based itself, like the
Brahmo Samaj, on the principles of
universal religion of all humanity,
opposing jihad (sacred war against
non-Muslims). Hence, statement 2 is
correct.
83. Answer: A
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Explanation:
The Treaty of Allahabad was signed
on 12 August 1765, between the
Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, son
of the late Emperor Alamgir II, and
Robert Clive, of the East India
Company, as a result of the Battle
of Buxar of 22 October 1764.
The Treaty of Seringapatam was
signed on 18 March 1792 at the end
of the Third Anglo- Mysore War. Its
signatories included Lord Cornwallis
on behalf of the British East India
Company, representatives of the
Nizam of Hyderabad and the Maratha
Empire, and Tipu Sultan, the ruler of
Mysore
The Treaty of Bassein was a pact
signed on 31 December 1802
between the British East India
Company and Baji Rao II, the
Maratha Peshwa of Pune in India
after the Battle of Poona. Hence,
option (a) is correct.
84. Answer: D
Explanation:
Both the statements are INCORRECT.
Zamindari System was introduced by
Cornwallis in 1793 through
Permanent Settlement Act.
It was introduced in provinces of
Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Varanasi.
Zamindars were recognized as owner
of the lands. Zamindars were given
the rights to collect the rent from the
peasants.
The realized amount would be
divided into 11 parts. 1/11 of the
share belongs to Zamindars and
10/11 of the share belongs to East
India Company Hence, statement 1 is
incorrect.
Ryotwari System was introduced by
Thomas Munro in 1820. Major areas
of introduction include Madras,
Bombay, parts of Assam and Coorg
provinces of British India. In
Ryotwari System the ownership
rights were handed over to the
peasants.
British Government collected taxes
directly from the peasants. Hence,
statement 2 is incorrect.
85. Answer: B
Explanation:
Regulating Act, (1773), legislation
passed by the British Parliament for
the regulation of the British East
India Company’s Indian territories,
mainly in Bengal.
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It was the first intervention by the
British government in the company’s
territorial affairs and marked the
beginning of a takeover process that
was completed in 1858.
The main provisions of the act were
The appointment of a governor-
general of Fort William in Bengal
with supervisory powers over the
presidencies of Madras (now
Chennai) and Bombay (now
Mumbai). Hence statement 2 is
correct.
The governor-general had a council
of four and was given a casting vote
but no veto.
A supreme court of four English
judges was set up in Calcutta (now
Kolkata). Hence statement 1 is
incorrect.
In Great Britain annual elections of
24 directors were replaced by the
election of six judges a year, each for
a four-year term, and the
qualification for a vote was raised
from £500 to £1,000.
86. Answer: B
Explanation:
Both the statements are correct.
Charter Act, 1813 terminated the
Company’s monopoly of trading in
India. The Indian trade was now open
to all British subjects.
However, the Company’s trade
monopoly in China was retained.
The Act also provided for the first
time, setting apart a sum of one lakh
rupees for the spread of education in
India. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Again in 1833 the Charter was
brought before the Parliament for
renewal. The Act was passed on
August 28, 1833 and put into force on
22nd April 1834.
The Act ended the commercial
functions of the Company. However
it was allowed to retain its
administrative and political powers.
The Act removed all restriction on
the immigration of British subjects to
India for trade, missionary work or
any other lawful purpose.
It empowered the Governor-General
to make laws and regulations for the
welfare of its Indian subjects.
The Act further strengthened the
hands of the Central Government
over the Presidency Governments.
The designation of the Governor-
General of Bengal was changed to
Governor-General of India.
He was invested with full power and
authority to control civil and military
administration of the Presidency
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Governments. Hence statement 2 is
correct.
87. Answer: D
Explanation:
The most important tool of
Dalhousie’s policy was the Doctrine
of Lapse. Under this doctrine when
the ruler of a protected state died
without a natural heir, his state was
not to pass to an adopted heir as
sanctioned by the age-old tradition of
the country. Instead, it was to be
annexed to British India, unless the
adoption had been clearly approved
earlier by the British authorities.
Many states, including Satara,
Nagpur and Jhansi were annexed by
applying this doctrine. Hence, option
(d) is correct.
88. Answer: A
Explanation:
Doing Business 2019: Training for Reform,
released by World Bank, is the 16th in a
series of annual reports measuring the
regulations that enhance & constraint
business activity.
Doing Business measures regulations
affecting 11 areas of the life of a business.
Top 5 economies:
(1) New Zealand,
(2) Singapore,
(3) Denmark,
(4) Hong Kong and
(5) South Korea.
India is ranked at 77 among 190
countries as compared to its rank of
100 in previous edition. India has
improved its rank by 53 positions in
last two years and 65 positions in last
four years.
India has improved its rank in 6 out
of 10 indicators:
(1) Construction Permit,
(2) Trading across Borders,
(3) Starting a Business,
(4) Getting Credit,
(5) getting electricity and
(6) enforcing contracts. Hence,
option a) is the correct answer.
89. Answer: C
Explanation:
Doctrine of lapse, in Indian history, is
a formula devised by Lord Dalhousie,
governor-general of India (1848–56),
to deal with questions of succession
to Hindu Indian states. It was a
corollary to the doctrine of
paramountcy, by which Great
Britain, as the ruling power of the
Indian subcontinent, claimed the
superintendence of the subordinate
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Indian states and so also the
regulation of their succession.
Annexation in the absence of a
natural or adopted heir was enforced
in the cases of Satara (1848), Jaitpur
and Sambalpur (1849), Baghat
(1850), Chota Udaipur (1852), Jhansi
(1853), and Nagpur (1854).
They have generally been regarded as
having contributed to the discontent
that was a factor in the outbreak
(1857) of the Indian Mutiny and the
widespread revolt that followed.
90. Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct order is:
Indigo Revolt - 1859-60: It was a
peasant movement and subsequent
uprising of indigo farmers against the
indigo planters that arose in Bengal in
1859. The farmers were totally
unprotected from the indigo planters,
who resorted to mortgages or
destruction of their property if they
were unwilling to obey them.
Government rules favoured the
planters. By an act in 1833, the
planters were granted a free hand in
oppression.[citation needed] Even
the zamindars sided with the planters.
Under this severe oppression, the
farmers resorted to revolt.
Pabna Agrarian Uprising 1873: It
was a resistance movement against
the oppression of the zamindars. The
zamindars routinely collected money
from the peasants by the illegal
means of forced levy, abwabs
(cesses), enhanced rent and so on.
Peasants were often evicted from
land on the pretext of nonpayment of
rent.
Deccan Peasants Uprising – 1875:
In May and June 1875, peasants of
Maharashtra in some parts of Pune,
Satara and Ahmednagar districts
revolted against increasing agrarian
distress.
Phalke’s Ramoji Uprising – 1877:
A revolt was led by Vasudev Balwant
Phadke in 1877-78 in the Vashi &
Panvel area of Maharashtra. Phadke
is known as father of the armed
struggle for India’s independence. He
created a group called Ramoshi,
which was the group of Ramoshis,
Kolis, Bhils and Dhangars
communities in Maharashtra and the
actually the “organized political
dacoits“. He was captured and
imprisoned in 1879 and died in 1883.
Hence the correct choice is option A.
91. Answer: d
Explanation:
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According to the information provided by
the Ministry of Culture to Lok Sabha,
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has
declared 6 monuments of national
importance in 2018.
Following six monuments were declared
protected and of national importanceby the
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in
2018
1. The 125-year-old Old High Court
Building in Nagpur, Maharashtra.
2. Hathi Khana, a Mughal-era monument in
Agra.
3. Haveli of Agha Khan, a Mughal-era
monument in Agra
4. The ancient Neemrana Baori in
Rajasthan's Alwar district.
5. The Group of Temples at Ranipur Jharail
in Odisha's Bolangir district.
6. The Vishnu Temple in Kotali,
Pithoragarh district, Uttarakhand.
Uttar Pradesh (745 monuments/sites),
Karnataka (506) and Tamil Nadu (413)
have the highest number of ASI-maintained
sites.
92. Answer: d
Explanation:
Pair (1) is not correctly matched: Prime
Minister Narendra Modi, during his visit to
Baripada, in Odisha inaugurated and
launched various development works.
During his visit, he unveiled a digital plaque
to mark the commencement of work for
conservation and development of Rasika
Raya Temple, and Excavated Structure at
Ancient Fort Haripurgarh. In 1400 AD,
Maharaja Harihar Bhanj, founded the
earlier capital of Mayurbhanj State,
Haripur, which is 16 km from Baripada. The
ruins of the temples and palaces built then
at Haripur can be found today. Among the
ruins, the Rasikaraya temple and the Durbar
hall of the Bhanj kings are the most
significant.
Pair (2) is not correctly matched: Konark
Sun Temple is located on the coastline of
Odisha in Puri district. It was built in the
13th century. The temple is attributed to
king Narasingha deva I of the Eastern
Ganga Dynasty about 1250 CE. Also called
the Surya Devalaya, the temple is dedicated
to the Hindu god Surya. The temple
complex has the appearance of a 100-foot
high solar chariot, with 24 wheels and
pulled by six horses, all carved from stone.
The temple, built from Khondalite rocks,
was originally constructed at the mouth of
the river Chandrabhaga, but the waterline
has receded since then. The wheels of the
temple are sundials, which can be used to
calculate time accurately to a minute. This
temple was also known as 'BLACK
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PAGODA' due to its dark colour and used
as a navigational landmark by ancient
sailors to Odisha. It was given the status of
a World Heritage Site in 1984 by UNESCO.
Pair (3) is not correctly matched: Jagatpita
Brahma Mandir situated at Pushkar is one
of very few existing temples dedicated to
the Hindu creator-god Brahma in India and
remains the most prominent among them.
Days of construction of this temple dates
back to the 14th century. The Pushkar Fair,
renowned for being one of the world’s
largest cattle fair, is being held near
Rajasthan’s Ajmer.
93. Answer: b
Explanation:
Statement (1) is incorrect: The Union
Ministry of Women and Child
Development has launched an online
campaign, ‘#www:Web Wonder Women’.
The Campaign aims to discover and
celebrate the exceptional achievements of
India women across the globe, who have
used the power of social media to run
positive & niche campaigns to steer a
change in society.
Statement (2) is correct: For this campaign,
Union Ministry of Women and Child
Development has partnered with
Breakthrough and Twitter India. The
Campaign invites Entries via Nominations
from across the world. Indian-origin
women, working or settled anywhere in the
world, are eligible for nomination. The
shortlisted entries will be open for public
voting on Twitter and the finalists will be
selected by a specialized panel of judges.
94. Answer: c
Explanation:
World Economic Forum (WEF) has
released a report titled ‘Future of
Consumption in Fast-Growth Consumer
Market – India’. After studying China in
2017, for 2018 it turned its attention to
India. Highlights of the report are India is
set to become the world’s third largest
consumer market behind only USA and
China by 2030. By 2030, more than 40% of
all purchases will be highly digitally
influenced, up from 20-22% today. Over the
next decade, consumption in fast-growth
consumer markets such as China, India and
Southeast Asia will be reshaped by the
Fourth Industrial Revolution. Hence, option
c) is the correct answer.
95. Answer: B
Explanation:
Glanders is a fatal infectious disease of
equines including horses, donkeys and
mules. The disease is caused by a bacterium
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known as Burkholderia mallei and has
zoonotic potential. The organism is also
considered as potential bio-weapon and
categorized under ‘Tier 1 Select Agent’.
Recently, Union Minister of Agriculture &
Farmers Welfare released recombinant
Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay
(ELISA) kits for two diseases: one for
Glanders and other for Equine Infectious
Anaemia (EIA). The ELISA is an
immunological assay (analytical procedure)
commonly used to measure antibodies,
antigens, proteins and glycoproteins in
biological samples. Hence, option b) is the
correct answer.
96. Answer: d
Explanation:
Pair (1) is correctly matched: Swami
Vivekananda (1863 – 1902), born
Narendranath Datta was an Indian Hindu
monk and a chief disciple of the 19th
century Indian mystic Ramakrishna. In
1897 he founded the Ramakrishna Math and
the Ramakrishna Mission, a Indian socio-
religious reform movement. He gave a new
theory of ethics & morality based on the
intrinsic purity and oneness of the Atman.
In 1984 the Government of India declared
that 12 January, the birthday of Swami
Vivekananda, will be celebrated as National
Youth Day. Vedanta Society of New York
(VSNY) was the first Vedanta Society
founded by Swami Vivekananda in New
York in November 1894.
Pair (2) is correctly matched: Gazulu
Lakshminarasu Chetty CSI (1806–1868)
was an Indian merchant, Indian
independence activist and political activist
who founded the Madras Native
Association in 1849 and the first Indian-
owned newspaper in Madras, The Crescent.
Pair (3) is correctly matched: Poona
Sarvajanik Sabha, was a socio-political
organisation in British India which started
with the aim of working as a mediating
body between the government and people of
India and to popularise the peasants' legal
rights. It was started in 1870 by Mahadev
Govind Ranade and his associates in Pune.
Hence, option d) is the correct answer.
97. Answer: c
Explanation:
Guru Gobind Singh (1666 – 1708), was the
tenth Sikh Guru, warrior, poet and
philosopher. He was born as Gobind Rai as
the son of Guru Tegh Bahadur.
Statement (1) is correct: He founded the
Sikh warrior community called Khalsa in
1699. He introduced the Five Ks (Kesh,
Kangha, Kara, Kirpan and Kacchera), the
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five articles of faith that Khalsa Sikhs wear
at all times.
Statement (2) is correct: He Finalized the
Guru Granth Sahib in 1706 and declared
this text to be the eternal Guru for Sikhs and
also composed Dasam Granth which
includes compositions which are part of the
daily prayers/lessons of Sikhs.
98. Answer: d
Explanation:
Recently, People in Arunachal Pradesh are
protesting against the Citizenship
(Amendment) Bill, 2016 as they argue that
the bill would serve as a legal basis for
legitimising the claims of Chakma and
Hajong refugees as the indigenous people of
their State.
Statement (1) is incorrect: The Chakmas
and Hajongs are ethnic people. Chakmas are
predominantly Buddhists; Hajongs are
Hindus.
Statement (2) is incorrect: They were
inhabitants of the Chittagong Hill Tracts of
erstwhile East Pakistan (now Bangladesh)
who migrated to India due to Submergence
of their land by the Kaptai dam on the
Karnaphuli River in the 1960s and religious
persecution they faced in East Pakistan as
they were non-Muslims.
99. Answer: a
Explanation:
To enhance the operational capability of
Andaman and Nicobar Command (ANC)
Naval Air Station (NAS) Shibpur has been
commissioned as INS Kohassa on 24
January 2019 by Admiral Sunil Lanba,
Chief of Naval Staff.
INS Kohassa has been named after a White-
Bellied Sea Eagle, which is a large bird of
prey endemic to Andaman and Nicobar
Islands (ANI). It is located on the northern
most inhabited island in North Andaman.
INS Kohassa will become the third Naval
Air Base in the Andaman and Nicobar
islands after INS Utkrosh at Port Blair and
INS Baaz at Campbell Bay. NAS Shibpur
was established in 2001 as a Forward
Operating Air Base (FOAB) for
surveillance in North Andaman. Hence,
option a) is the correct answer.
100. Answer: a
Explanation:
Pair (1) is correctly matched: Kiru
Hydroelectric Project is a run of the river
scheme planned on river Chenab, a tributary
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of the Indus, in Kishtwar, Jammu & Kashmir. The projects would be developed by the Chenab
Valley Power Projects (CVPP) -- a joint venture among National Hydroelectric Power
Corporation (NHPC), state power body JKSPDC and Power Trading Corporation. It is a
Concrete gravity dam.
Pair (2) is not correctly matched: The Pahari Dam Modernization Project is a water storage
dam situated on Dhasan River in Jhansi district. The dam was completed in 1912 but after 100
years it is in dire need of modernisation. The Dhasan River is a right bank tributary of the
Betwa River. The river originates in Raisen district in Madhya Pradesh and then forms a
common boundary between M.P and Uttar Pradesh before merging into Betwa River in U.P.
Pair (3) is not correctly matched: Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Sutlej River in
Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh in northern India. The dam forms the Gobind Sagar reservoir.
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