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Cell Phone Antennas

April 28, 2023

Contents

Cell Phone Antennas

2

The Icebreaker: First Cell Phone Facts about the first cell phone Trends in Cell-Phone Development Antenna – An Introduction Types of Antennas used in Cell phones

Retractable Monopole Antenna Helical Antenna Intenna Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA)

● Antennas in some of Today’s Smartphones● SAR Measurement● Advancements & Future Technologies● References

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The Icebreaker: First Cell-Phone3

Dr. Martin Cooper at Motorola Inc.

Thin phone: 7.2 [mm]

Motorola ULTRA

Cell Phone Antennas

DynaTAC

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4

The first DynaTAC

phone weighted

around 2.2 Kgs (ap-prox.)

The bat-tery life

would last for only 20 minutes

Nicknamed the

‘The BRICK’

Its cost was

around 4,000 US Dollars

Cell Phone Antennas

Quick Facts About the First Cell Phone

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Trends in Cell-Phone Development5

Cell Phone Antennas

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Antenna- An Introduction6

An Antenna converts electromagnetic radiation into electric

current, or vice versa. Need of Antenna :

For transmission and reception of the radio signal. Antennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to

couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. 

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Types of Antennas used in Cell Phones7

Following are some of the antennas used in cellular phones:

External Antennas

Retractable Monopole (whips) antennas

Helical antennas

Internal Antennas

Microstrip antennas (MSA)

Planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA)

Cell Phone Antennas

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Retractable Monopole Antenna8

An antenna that we can retract.Basically a dipole antenna with top loading

(looks like a hat)

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Helical (Stubby) Antenna9

When we open a cap, we can see a helical antenna. (looks like a spring)

We don’t have to retract. → It is convenient for users.

Cell Phone Antennas

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Ceramic Helical Antenna10

High permittivity → Small antenna size

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Intenna11

Internal antenna: The antenna is embedded inside the phone which is not visible to us.

A phone case is strongly related to an intenna.

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Intenna for 3G Phone12

A metal strip pattern is served as an antenna.

Cell Phone Antennas

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Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA)13

Radiator Signal Input

CoaxialCable

Original Form

PIFA

Integrated PIFACell Phone Antennas

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Triple-Band Antenna14

Intenna: internal antennaResonance: 900, 1800, 1900 [MHz]

Cell Phone Antennas

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PIFA for Cell-Phone15

Cell Phone Antennas

Resonance Graph

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PIFA for Notebook16

Cell Phone Antennas

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Antennas for Galaxy Nexus & Galaxy S17

Cell Phone Antennas

Galaxy Nexus Galaxy S

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Apple’s Antennagate18

Death grip: when we touch a certain part of an iPhone 4, the ongoing call may gets dropped.

Stainless steel frame as multi-band antennas.

Iphone 4Cell Phone Antennas

SAR Measurement19

SAR: Specific Absorption RateOur brain can absorb Electromagnetic (EM) power.

The SAR measures how much power our head absorbs.

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Advancements & Future Technologies

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References

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1) Kin-Lu Wong, “Planar Antennas for Wireless Communication”, Published by John

Wiley & Sons, Inc., Chapter: 2, Pages: 26-65, 2003.

2) C. Rowell, E.Y. Lam, “Mobile-phone antenna design”, IEEE Antennas and Propagation

Magazine, Vol. 54, No. 4, Page(s): 14 – 34, 2012.

3) Images from shutterstock.com, antenna-theory.com, istockphoto.com, empire.de,

antenova.com, nearfield.org, gsmarena.com.

April 28, 2023Cell Phone Antennas 22

April 28, 2023Cell Phone Antennas 23

Any Questions/Queries...