Anti-Collision Technology - Railway

Table of Content

Introduction1

Railway Accidents and Statistics2

Advantages of HITS Technology3

Summary & Conclusion4

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Introduction on Railway Safety

o Railways is a Eco-Friendly and Popular mode of Transport in most major

cities of the World.

o Railways provide a Vital Connectivity between Major Commercial Centers.

o Railways have been the engine of economic growth, technical growth and

development for World Economy.

o The popularity of Railways has also increased the Frequency of Accidents.

o Safe transportation of passengers is the key business objective of any

transportation system.

o All business strategies emanate and strive to achieve an “Accident Free

System”.

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Initiatives for Railway Safety

o Multi-pronged scheme to strengthen railway safety through various automatic

devices like anti-collision device, etc.

o Rail accidents have reduced remarkably despite substantial increase in gross

traffic volumes.

o Fire resistant material to be used in coaches.

o Unmanned level crossings at busy sections to be manned on a fast track basis.

o Integrated security plan drawn up through installation of CCTVs, metal

detectors etc.

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Railway Accidents and Statistics

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INDIA USA EU

Cases Year

295 2006

521 2007

668 2008

Cases Year

2,829 2006

1,873 2007

2, 976 2008

Cases Year

769 2006

907 2007

982 2008

Causes of Rail accidents

Collisions Derailments

* Head-on collision * Plain Track

* Rear collision * Curved Tracks

* Obstructions on the line

(road vehicles, landslides,

avalanches)

Existing Technology for Railway Safety

Anti Collision Device (ACD) used by Konkan Railways, India

Existing ACD uses both radio frequency and a global positioning system (GPS)

through satellites, whereby a train is brought to a halt if the track ahead is not clear.

Anti Collision Device (ACD) is a self-acting microprocessor-based data

communication device installed at the Track Location and in the Signal Station.

The ACDs are deployed and linked to 53 stations, 80 manned and 27 unmanned

gates, 98 locomotives, 50 guard vans and 179 inclinometer-protected cuttings.

The cost of the ACD deployment on KR is approximately Rs 35 crores. The same

ACD will be deployed on the rest of the Indian Railways at an estimated cost of Rs

1,600 crores for 64,000 kilometers of rail routes.

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Limitation of Existing Technologies

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• Existing Anti-Collision Technologies is heavily dependant on GPS ( Global

Positioning System)

• GPS has its own significant limitations due to limitation of the signal reaching

all places [e.g. underground tracks, tunnels, under bridges etc).

• Possibility of failure due to communication problems.

• Dependant on human interpretation and response.

• High cost of implementation and maintenance.

• Requires a complex infrastructure.

• Is limited by the reach of the satellite signals.

• Depends on the perfect functioning of the satellite.

• Signal loss in urban areas.

• Varying accuracies.

HITS Technology

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Detection and Prevention of Head-on collisions and Rear-end collisions.

• This Intelligent System fitted within the Railway train /locomotive will detect the

presence of another train on the same Rail Track.

• Takes precautionary actions before the damage the occurs at a predefined range of

distance.

• In the event of such danger situations both the trains will stop automatically before

the collision occurs without the intervention of the Railway crew.

• Free from human errors.

HEAD-ON Collision

REAR-END Collision

HITS Technology

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Detection and Prevention of Collisions with Obstacles on the Railway Track

• This System can detect the presence of any obstacles which can be vulnerable to the

train/locomotive at a predefined distance and eliminates the collision with obstacles

such as mudslides, rocks, avalanches, trees, etc.

Obstruction/Debris on Rail Track

Detection and Prevention of Railway accidents by Derailing

• The intelligent system can detect and prevent the damages due to derailing of railway

tracks.

• Derailing may happen due to metal fatigue, destructive activities by terrorists, natural

disasters such as earthquake, hurricanes, flood etc.

Rail Track Derailment

Features of HITS Technology

• This technology will stop the collision of trains.

• Reduces the risk of collision with Road vehicles at level crossings.

• Eliminates collision with obstacles especially in case of mudslides (rocks, debris ) lying

on the tracks.

• This intelligent system is placed within the Locomotive of the Train.

• This system works automatically and is independent of human action and error.

• This can be easily installed not requiring a complex infrastructure. Independent of

GPS, satellite navigation, etc.

• Automatically brings a train or trains to a halt if there is a danger of collision.

• Controls the speed of the train according to the Track conditions.

• Can detect damaged or weakened tracks, that can happen due to metal fatigue or

Terrorist attack.

• Enhances the safety system substantially.

• Cost effective solution.

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Comparison of HITS Technology

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GPS enabled ACD HITS

Dependant on antennae for receiving signals

from GPS

Not dependant, no antennae.

It works on predetermined range of railway

track.

It works on any railway track.

Installation of the system is required in several

locations, in stations also, over the whole

predetermined track.

Installed only in the engines [sources of

power]

Complicated infrastructure required by a GPS

network.

Simple infrastructure as Device will be in the

Train or Locomotive.

Collision detection within 3kms. distance. No restriction of range. It can be

customized.

Cannot identify broken, damaged, derailed

tracks.

Detects the condition and quality of the

track.

Does not take precautionary measures during

natural disasters.

Takes precautionary actions substantially

increasing the level of safety.

Cannot control the speed of the train. Controls the speed which can be

predetermined according to the age of the

track and ground conditions.

Advantages of HITS Technology

NO satellite towers, Infrared, LASER, RADAR or GPS use.

System placed within the Locomotive of the Train.

No Communication problems

Human Interference Avoided

Cost effective and yes BRILLIANT

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Summary & Conclusion

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• HITS Technology is a “Revolutionary Concept” for Rail safety.

• Suitable for Metro (underground railway system),Inter-city and High-Speed

Rail Network.

• Operational on all Rail Gauges (Meter, Broad, Narrow and Standard Gauges).

• Economical for Rail Operators by preventing accidents and cutting loses.

• Cheaper than conventional Anti-collision devices.

• HITS TECHNOLOGY WILL BE A BOON TO HIGHLY CONGESTED Rail routes like

the Eastern suburban route in the U.S.A and the CONGESTED RAIL NETWORK

of Indian Railways.

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