ANTROPOLOJİ

ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropology, known as human science in broadest sense, is one of the

youngest disciplines, growing rapidly in the last century with its specific methods

and point of view. The most important aim of anthropology science is trying to

explain, together with other disciplines, both the biological diversity and the

cultural diversity of human who is the main element of culture, through the

course of the communities from past to present in which he/she lived.

Even though Anthropology resides within social sciences, it is the only

discipline which is closely related with both Natural Sciences (Physics,

Chemistry, Biology) and Basic Social Sciences. This aspect of

Anthropology, tells us that it is composed of Social Anthropology (Cultural

Anthropology and/or Ethnology) and Physical Anthropology (Biological

Anthropology) Main Disciplines.

ANTHROPOLOGYPALEOANTHROPOLOGY

PHYSİCAL ANTHROPOLOGY

SOCIAL ANTROPOLOGY

PALEOANTHROPOLOGY

Human is separated from other living creatures as being the only one who

wonders his/her past. It is the discipline that is related with human's need to know

his/her ancestors, evaluation of fossil findings and skeletons taken from excavations,

revealing whether he/she had health problems or not, determination of kinship

relations with other communities, trying to explain environment and conditions of the

day by interpreting the culture elements he/she created. It is in close relation with

many disciplines such as geology, palaeontology, archeology, prehistory, osteology,

odontology, anatomy, chemistry etc.

PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Physical Anthropology is about human's place among world of living

creatures, intra-species variations (biological diversity), biological structure,

growth and development, genetic attributes and adaptation to environmental

changes; it researches physical properties of human with metric and

morphological methods. It tries to find reasons of diversity of living human

groups, by taking genetic structure of the communities as a ground.

Physical Anthropology makes substantial contribution to sciences seeking solution to

problems taking place within human biology - environment - culture triangle. As an instance,

ergonomics which is trying to make human lives in better conditions, takes part in

increasing quality of life by proving information related with physical structure and

morphology of human in the fields of health, education, sports and engineering.

Among the sub-disciplines of Physical Anthropology, biological diversity of

human, human biology, human genetics, criminology, somatology, growth and development

in humans and demography may be listed.

SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Social Anthropology, examines the communities which are quite

different from each other, that lived in the past and living today and culture of

the communities. It is especially interested in life styles of communities. It

examines relations of communities with each other.

All kinds of relationships that constitute all parts of a community, such

as behaviors, ideas, principle values, religious ceremonies, organization

methods, technologies are within the subject of social anthropology.

Anthropologists have capability to work in public or private

sector. Anthropologists serve in institutions and organizations

within Ministry of Culture and Tourism (HAGEM, museums etc.).

Furthermore they may also serve as social researchers in related

departments of organizations such as State Planning Organization,

Turkish Statistical Institute and TRT. In recent years, anthropologists

have increasingly been employed within National Intelligence

Organization.