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ANURAG ANAND

ROLL NO. : 363/08

APPLIED ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION

SEMESTER : SEVENTH

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Interactive Electronic Textiles

These are the textile substrate thatincorporates powers for :

1. Sensing (biometric or external).

2. Communication (usually wireless).

3. Power Transmission.

4. Information processing devices to benetworked within a fabric.

Different from the Smart Textiles

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CLASSIFICATION OF E-TEXTILES

Based on type of material Based on functional activities

1. Involves mounting Classical

Electronic Devices.

1. Passive E-Textiles

{consists of only sensors}

2. Involves creating electronic

functions directly on the fiber.

2. Active E-Textiles

{ Consists of both sensors and actuators}

3. Ultra E-Textiles

{Can sense, react an have the adaptability.}

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MAKING OF E-TEXTILES

Involves selecting the appropriate

conductive and non-conductive fabric layers

to build the e-textile circuit.

Dielectric constant, loss tangent, andthickness are some of the parameters to be

considered for the non-conductive fabric

layers.

The circuit design of the conductive woven

fabric is secured onto a non-conductive

fabric layer using sewing, embroidery, and/or

adhesive means.

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PROPERTIES OF E-TEXTILES

The mechanical properties of electronic textiles

include:

Flexibility

Sewability

Washability

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PARAMETERS FORDESIGN The following are parameters that are need to be addressed by the

designer before designing an e-textile garment:

Bulkiness/Weight/Stiffness

Thermal and MoistureManagement

Flexibility and Durability

Sizing and Fit

Interface

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E-Textile based products are expected

to reach the market for :-

1. Military Advancements

2. Medical Applications

3. Sporting Applications

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MILITARYRESEARCH

Work is being in two Prime Directions:

First Direction involves Integrated SensorArrays & various embedded sensingtechnologies.

Environmental sensing can detect enemies orpotential biochemical threats.

Makes use ofPROXIMITYSENSORS

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Second Direction is Interactive Camouflage uniform.

Changes colour when a soldier moves from a desert

environment to an urban environment.

Has many applications like Adaptive Clothing that

displays personal information or changes colour

according to mood , time of day or other external orinternal input.

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SENSORSET

Made by weaving wires into heavy duty

cloth and discrete microphones are

attached at suitable points.

By comparing sounds from each

microphone , a microcontroller can

algorithmically determine the direction

of sound.

Thus can detect approaching enemy

vehicles.

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SPORTINGAPPLICATIONS

Performance monitoring for runners & walkers thatprovides instant feedback on heart rate, speed , time &distance.

Hydroweave provides extraordinary protection againstheat, actively cooling the wearer through evaporation, andhelping to maintain the core body temperature in high-

heat environments

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MEDICALAPPLICATIONS

Healthmonitoring of high risk patientsbased on heart

rate,temperate,sleep rates & respiration.

Current research involves bandages that warn of the beginnings of

an infection,Midentify the responsible bacterium.

Vivometricsproduced life shirt with embedded electrodes for

health monitoring & conductive bands that gauge the movement of

heart & lungs from changes in their magnetic fields.

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GEORGIATECH WEARABLE

MOTHERBOARD {GTWM}

The GTWM identifies the exactlocation of the physical problem orinjury and transmits the informationin seconds.

Medical sensing devices that areattached to the body plug into thecomputerized shirt, creating a flexible

motherboard.

The system is also completelywireless .

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OTHERUSES FORTHE GTWM

The elderly and others with fragilehealth conditions could also benefitfrom this technology.

Additionally, the "Smart Shirt" can betailored to fit anyone, like any othershirt. For example, a baby wearing aGTWM could have his or her vitalsigns monitored.

This would be especially helpful sincesome babies are prone to sudden infantdeath syndrome (SIDS), which oftenstrikes unexpectedly during sleep.

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PRACTICLE IMPLEMENTATIONS

a) SMARTKERCHIEF:

Also called a fabric bread-board: Is anexcellent material for prototyping.

Contains a microcontroller system that

sense proximity and touch

Also contains all fabric keyboards and

touchpads.

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b) ALLFABRICCAPACITIVEKEYBOARD

Uses capacitive sensing

Fingers contact can be sensed bymeasuring the increase in the

electrodes total capacitance

A PCB supports the components

necessary for capacitive sensing.

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c) TEXTILE INTEGRATION OFANAUDIO PLAYERSYSTEM

Consists of a speech-controlled

MP3 player system, detachable

battery, data storage pack, earphone

and a flexible keyboard sensor.

Contains narrow ribbon-likefabrics with conductive threads.

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EXPERIMENTS IN REACTIVE FASHION

The Blazer Project :Integrates LEDs into sleeves tocreates simple emissive

display.

The sound Sleeves :Generates sounds as afunction of users movementin space.

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LIFESTYLE PRODUCTS

Developed by PHILLIPS incollaboration with LEVI STRAUSS.

These jackets will be waterproof andwill feature electrical components (a

phone, MP3 player, unified controller,microphone and headphones) that can beremoved before the jacket is washed.

The sleeve of the jacket will augmentwith pressure-sensing technology fromSOFT-SWITCH to create a soft,flexible, fabric-based keypad thatcontrols an integrated Apple iPod digitalmusic player.

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BENIFITS

No wires to snag environment

Flexible

Large SurfaceArea for Sensing

Invisible To Others

Cheap Manufacturing

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TOUGHCHALLENGES FORE-TEXTILES

Must be comfortable

Technology must be efficient enough to be used

practically.

Must withstand a difficult and a variable environment

Must be reliable for medical & emergency

applications.

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FUTURE PROSPE

CTS

As the fibertronics becomes more mature, the new hybrid structures willinclude more electronics at the fiber level.

The increasing exploration in the performance of smart textiles willcontinue to grow, and the interdisciplinary applications will begaining more interest for innovation and development.

Optimistically the future is bright for e- textiles.

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THANK

YOU !!