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Anxiety and

Job Stress

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Introduction The concept of anxiety and stress is nonetheless very much the same. However,

anxiety is a result of stress. One factor or reason that triggers an individual to beanxious is due to stress. It is normal to feel anxious but the problem starts whenyou fail to overcome the feeling and allow it to grow instead.

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Anxiety is a psychological andphysiological state characterized by

cognitive, emotional, and behavioralcomponents. These components combineto create an unpleasant feeling that istypically associated with uneasiness,fear, or worry.

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Stress is a dynamic condition in which

an individual is confronted with anopportunity, constraints or demand towhat he or she desires and for whichthe outcome is perceived to beuncertain and important.

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Nature of stressEustress and dystressStress is addictive

Does not necessarily flows fromstressor.

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Stress

Specific work factors

Excessive workload. Tedious or meaningless tasks. Long hours and low pay. Infrequent rest breaks.

Unreasonable performance demandsPhysical environment Noise and overcrowding. Poor air quality.

Ergonomic problems. Health and safety risks (heavy equipment, toxic

chemicals).

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Organizational practices Unclear responsibilities or expectations.

Conflicting job demands. Multiple supervisors. Lack of autonomy or participation in decision-

making.

Inefficient communication patterns. Lack of family-friendly policiesCareer Development Over Promotion. Under Promotion Lack of Job Security Thwarted ambition

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Workplace change Fear of layoff. Frequent personnel turnover.

Lack of preparation for technological changes. Poor chances for advancement or promotion. Tensions brought about by greater workplace diversity.Interpersonal Relationships Distant, uncommunicative supervisors. Poor performance from subordinates. Office politics, competition, and other conflicts among

staff. Bullying or harassment. Problems caused by excessive time away from family.

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Individual RelatedStressors.

Individual Characteristics Personality traits Demographic characteristics Coping skills.Individual life circumstances Work/life conflict Family problems Personal problems Social problems Financial difficulties

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stress

Intellectual Symptoms(How stress can affect the Mind) Memory problems. Difficulty making decisions. Inability to concentrate. Confusion. Seeing only the negative. Repetitive or racing thoughts. Poor judgment.

Loss of objectivity. Desire to escape or run away

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Emotional Symptoms :( How stress can make usfeel)

Moody and hypersensitive. Restlessness and anxiety. Depression.

Anger and resentment. Easily irritated and on edge. Sense of being overwhelmed.

Lack of confidence.

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Physical Symptoms: (How stress can affect the Body) Headaches.

Digestive problems. Muscle tension and pain. Sleep disturbances. Fatigue. Chest pain, irregular heartbeat. High blood pressure. Weight gain or loss. Asthma or shortness of breath. Skin problems.

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Behavioral Symptoms: (How stress can affect theBehavior)

Eating disorder. Sleeping too much or too little. Isolating self from others. Neglecting the responsibilities.

Increasing alcohol and drug use. Nervous habits (e.g. nail biting, pacing). Teeth grinding or jaw clenching. Overdoing activities such as exercising or

shopping. Losing the temper. Overreacting to unexpected problems.

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Consequences of job stress1.Individual level .2.Organizational level.

On the individual level1.Unwanted Feelings and Behaviors2.

Physiological Diseases (Poor Physical Health)3. Psychological Diseases (Poor Emotional (Mental)Health)

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On the Organization level

Consequences of Occupational or Job Stresscan be Grouped into two Major subgroups.

1 .Organizational factors

2 . Organizational Costs

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1.Organizational factors -1.Such as discontent and poor morale among the

workforce.2.Performance/productivity losses, low quality

products and services.3.Poorer relationships with clients, images and

reputation, missed opportunities.4.Disruption to production, high accident and

mistakes rates, high labor turnover.5.Loss of valuable staff, increase sick-leave,

permanent vacancies, premature retirement.6.Diminished cooperation, poor internalcommunications, more internal conflicts, anddysfunctional workplace climate.

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2.Organizational Costs -

1.Such as cost of reduced performance,

productivity (lack of added value to productand /or service).

2.High replacement costs in connection withlabor turnover (increase in recruitment,

training and retraining costs).3.Increases sick pay, increased health-care

costs and disability payments.

4.Higher grievance and litigation/compensationcosts, and costs of equipment damage.

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Strategies of stressmanagement

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At organizational level

Stress reduction Programmes Job redesign Collateral programms Counseling

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At individual levels

Relaxation

Time management Management of self role Support Group Meditation

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Organization to Prevent JobStress

1. Ensure that the workload is in line with workers'capabilities and resources.

2. Design jobs to provide meaning, stimulation, andopportunities for workers to use their skills.

3. Clearly define workers' roles and responsibilities.4. Give workers opportunities to participate in

decisions and actions affecting their jobs.5. Improve communications-reduce uncertainty

about career development and future employmentprospects

6. Establish work schedules that are compatible withdemands and responsibilities outside the job.

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THANK YOU