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NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
African Orphan Crops Consortium: African Plant
Breeding AcademyFoundational Address
Dr Ibrahim Assane Mayaki CEO NEPAD AgencyDecember 3, 2013
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
About Us - The NEPAD Agency
A programme of the AUImplementation/ technical arm of the AUHeadquarters - Midrand, South AfricaTransformed from the NEPAD Secretariat to NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA)
1. Agriculture and food security
2. Climate change & sustainable development
3. Regional integration & infrastructure
4. Human capital development
5. Economic & corporate governance
6. Cross-cutting issues
NPCA (NEPAD Agency) NPCA’s Thematic Areas
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA 3
NEPAD governing structures
• The General Assembly of the African Union
• Heads of State and Government Implementation Committee
• Steering Committee
• NEPAD Secretariat
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Our Ultimate Goal….
“To spur food production through research and scientific breakthroughs, ….mobilize Africa’s own resources – brain power, technology, and funding must be geared up for an indigenous effort to get Africa moving again….”
Late Prof. Thomas Odhiambo, 1994Founding President of the African Academy of Sciences
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Low Productivity
Challenges Faced by African Farmers –
Impacting Food and Nutritional SecurityPhoto Credit: IITA, ICRISAT
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Comprehensive African Agric. Dev. Programme (CAADP)
... common policy framework for accelerated agricultural growth ...
… to attain …
(agricultural-led socio-economic growth; inclusive development & poverty alleviation; improved food security and strengthen environmental resilience)
6% Annual AgricultureProductivity growth rate
(by 2015)10% Public Expenditureallocation to Agriculture
(by 2008)
The Ag sector annual GDP growth rates were 3.2% and 3.0% in 2000-10 and 1990-2000, respectively
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Pillar 1: Sustainable Land and Water – (Production and Productivity)
Pillar 3: Primary Impact Area – Basic Livelihood – Food Security
CAADP Priority Thematic Areas (Pillars)
Research Gaps, Questions!!;
emerging challengesNew knowledge/
Technologies/Approaches
Business Opportunities;
IndustrialisationFinancing, Markets and
Trade opportunities
Pillar 4: Research & Dissemination support
Pillar 2: Infrastructure, Trade and Market support
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
45 Countries actively engaging
32 Country Compacts
29 Investment Plans
27 Business Meetings
CAADP Implementation: Key results and lessons
Regional Investment Plans (ECOWAS; COMESA; IGAD: SADC; EAC & ECCAS)
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
A Decade of CAADP Implementation
• Countries engaged in CAADP-related interventions- 45
• Signed CAADP Compacts- 30• Dev’d national agric. & food security invest’t
plans- 26• Regist’d more than 6% agric. growth rate- 10• Countries with 10% or more annual budgetary
allocation-6• Others within 5% to 10%-9
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
What is an orphan crop ?
Orphan Crops
unde
rutil
ized
crop
s
lost crops of Africa
minor crops
neglected crops
crops for the future
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Role of orphan crops in African economy
Major staple food crops in many Africaning countries
Particular role in Food security, Nutrition, Income generation to resource-poor farmers and consumers
More adapted to the extreme soil and climatic conditions prevalent in Africa than the major crops of the world
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Low yield in terms of both quality and quantity due to lack of genetic improvement
Major ChallengeShare of Africa in the world acreage and productionFor selected orphan crops in 2008
Source: FAOSAT
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Eliminating Nutrient Deficiencies
“Modifying the nutritional composition of plant foods is an urgent worldwide health issue as basic nutritional needs for much of the world’s population are still unmet.”
DellaPenna, 1999
1. Enhancing health promoting substances
2. Vitamin and micronutrients fortification
3. Lower bad fats/anti-nutrients/allergens
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Vitamin A deficiencies affect over 400 million people worldwide (ca. 7% world population), causing blindness, night blindness and vulnerability to disease. An estimated 250 million pre-school children are Vitamin A deficient. Each year two million children die and 250,000 - 500,000 go blind from lack of Vitamin A.
Iron deficiencies affect up to 1.4 billion people worldwide (ca 22% world population), particularly women, causing anaemia and complications during childbirth, and affecting body growth, mental and motor development.
Micronutrient Deficiency
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Biofortified plants are improving nutrition for many
The non-profit organization HarvestPlus focuses on the development of biofortified crops for the developing world, including a provitamin A enriched sweet potato that is currently being grown by half a million families. Other biofortification projects are underway to increase levels of protein, iron, zinc, antioxidants and other beneficial components in food.
Sources: HarvestPlus; CIMMYT
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA 16
General considerations in priority list of Orphan Cropsi. Boost productivity and diversify the food system in
Africa orphan crops as an important (significant) component in attaining Nutrition Security
ii. The intrinsic values of the commodity in Africa’s Food chain (also culturally)
iii. Potential to contribute to expanding a stable food and plant commodity base
iv. Other associated non-food uses (value)
v. Diminishing or neglected in research: (could benefit from modern techniques - marker-assisted breeding, and whole-genome sequencing; tissue culture, etc. )
Genetic and genomics research in Nutrition Security
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Genetic and genomics research in Nutrition Security
17
Specific considerations
Securing Quantity and quality of the food resource base• Yields (supporting intensification agenda) and Production potential• Diversifying the Nutritional base (e.g. biofortification) in line with
food cultures and ecosystem potential• Securing long term genome stability• Protect / adapt to natural and artificial stress / changes
Other economic value factors• Importance to the economy (local economy and potentially
international / now and in future)• Need /contribution to securing biodiversity and resilience• Potential to expand use/value (e.g. by removing toxic
substances)
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Required Actions (NEPAD) to promote orphan crops
Need of coherent policies at different levels:Environmental policiesAgricultural policiesAgricultural Research policies
For NEPAD there is a need of a strong African ownership at:Political levelTechnical level from African research institute and
knowledge center and breeding centers
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
Our Goals• To reduce hunger & poverty and the
associated effects for millions of Africans• Increase agric. productivity in a sustainable
wayConnecting Farmers with Innovation• Relevant science• Local ownership• Meaningful partnership• Build scientific capacity
NEPAD — TRANSFORMING AFRICA
THANK YOU
THANK YOU