“Types of Rocks” Notes What is a Rock? 1. A rock is a ______________________________________of one or more ____________ and “________________” matter. 2. Rocks go through a ________________, meaning they are constantly _________________ into ________________ forms. 3. How are the types of rocks classified? ______________________________________________________________________________. 4. What are two important criteria that scientists use to study rocks in detail? A) ______________-- is the chemical make-up (or combination of substances that are contained in a rock). *Composition also determines the “color” of the rock. B) ______________ -- is the size, shape, & position of the rock’s grains. It’s what determines the “_________________” of the rock (fine grained, medium grained & coarse grained). Igneous Rocks: (FIRE ROCKS!!) 5. “Ignis” means ___________. Igneous rocks are formed from the ___________ and __________ of magma. Two places where igneous rocks form are: _____________________ & ___________________________. 6. Igneous Rocks are made either: a) _______________________ (intrusive; melted rock called magma cools slowly and solidifies.) b) _______________________( extrusive; volcanoes erupt bringing magma to the surface where it is called lava. The lava cools quickly and becomes igneous rock.) 7. What determines Crystal size? Answer: _________________________________ Long cooling time produces __________ crystals. Short cooling time produces _________ crystals. 8. What’s the Difference between Extrusive & Intrusive Rocks? a) ______________ form on or near the surface making the smaller crystals. *Texture is glassy & fine grained b) ______________ form below the surface making the larger crystals. *Texture is rough and very coarse grained List four examples of Igneous Rocks below: a._______________ b._________________ c. _______________ d. ________________ Gabb
Transcript
“Types of Rocks” Notes
What is a Rock?
1. A rock is a ______________________________________of one or more ____________
and “________________” matter.
2. Rocks go through a ________________, meaning they are constantly _________________ into
________________ forms.
3. How are the types of rocks classified? ______________________________________________________________________________.
4. What are two important criteria that scientists use to study rocks in detail?
A) ______________-- is the chemical make-up (or combination of substances that are contained in a rock). *Composition also determines the “color” of the rock.
B) ______________ -- is the size, shape, & position of the rock’s grains. It’s what determines the “_________________” of the rock (fine grained, medium grained & coarse grained). Igneous Rocks: (FIRE ROCKS!!) 5. “Ignis” means ___________. Igneous rocks are formed from the ___________ and __________ of magma. Two places where igneous rocks form are: _____________________ & ___________________________. 6. Igneous Rocks are made either:
a) _______________________ (intrusive; melted rock called magma cools slowly and solidifies.)
b) _______________________( extrusive; volcanoes erupt bringing magma to the surface where it
is called lava. The lava cools quickly and becomes igneous rock.)
7. What determines Crystal size? Answer: _________________________________
Long cooling time produces __________ crystals. Short cooling time produces _________ crystals.
8. What’s the Difference between Extrusive & Intrusive Rocks?
a) ______________ form on or near the surface making the smaller crystals. *Texture is glassy & fine grained
b) ______________ form below the surface making the larger crystals. *Texture is rough and very coarse grained
List four examples of Igneous Rocks below:
a._______________ b._________________
c. _______________ d. ________________
Granite
Gabb
Sedimentary Rocks: (SANDWICH ROCKS!!)
9. There are FOUR main processes involved: (*these processes can take thousands to millions of years)
a. ____________- after “weathering” occurs, the forces of running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away fragments of rocks.
b. _________________- sediments settle out of the water or wind carry them and settle at the bottom of lakes or streams..
c. __________________- process that presses sediments together. Thick layers of sediments build over time weighing down the layers and compacting them.
d. _________________-.dissolved minerals seep into spaces between particles & crystallize as they harden.
*____________ is the most common form of sedimentary rock. Covers _________ of Earth’s surface!
Metamorphic Rocks: (CHANGING ROCKS!!!!)
10. Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have _______________ or _________________ another type of rock. The word metamorphic means “__________________ _________________”.
11. (True?/ or False?) Metamorphic rocks were once igneous and sedimentary rocks.
erate
12. They are formed from extreme __________ and tons of ____________.
13. “Foliated” metamorphic rocks contain minerals that have been aligned by ________________ and almost look like pages in a book. *visible bands a. Examples include: ___________________ and ___________________ 14. “Non-foliated” metamorphic rocks do not have ____________________ and are made of ____________________ minerals a. Examples include: ____________________ and ______________________
“Types of Rocks” Notes (B)
What is a Rock?
1. A rock is a “naturally occurring” solid mixture of one or more ____________ and “___________” matter.
2. Rocks go through a ________________, meaning they are constantly changing into different forms.
Igneous Rocks: (FIRE ROCKS!!) 3. Igneous rocks are formed from the ___________ and __________ of magma. Two places where igneous rocks
form are volcanoes and rifts/ ridges. 4. Igneous Rocks are made either:
a) _______________________ (melted rock called magma cools slowly and solidifies.)
b) _______________________(volcanoes erupt bringing magma to the surface where it
is called lava. The lava cools quickly and becomes igneous rock.)
5. What determines Crystal size? Answer: _________________________________
Long cooling time produces __________ crystals. Short cooling time produces _________ crystals.
6. What’s the Difference between Extrusive and Intrusive Rocks?
a) ______________ form on or near the surface making the smaller crystals. *Texture is glassy & fine grained
b) ______________ form below the surface making the larger crystals. *Texture is rough and very coarse grained
7. List two examples of Igneous Rocks below:
a._______________ b. _________________
Granite
Gabb
Sedimentary Rocks: (SANDWICH ROCKS!!)
8. There are FOUR main processes involved: *these processes can take thousands to millions of years
a. ____________- after “weathering” occurs, the forces of running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away fragments of rocks.
b. ________________- sediments (broken particles) settle at the bottom of lakes or streams..
c. __________________- is the process that presses sediments together creating layers..
d. _________________-is the final step that occurs as the sediments harden along with minerals.
9. Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have “morphed” or “__________ _______” another type of rock.
10. (True?/ or False?) Metamorphic rocks were once igneous and sedimentary rocks.
erate
11. They are formed from extreme __________ and tons of ____________.
Metamorphic rocks can be either:
a). _______________-- metamorphic rocks contain minerals that have been aligned by pressure and almost look like pages in a book. They HAVE VISIBLE BANDS. (*Examples include: schist and gneiss) b). ________________--metamorphic rocks DO NOT HAVE DISTINCTIVE LAYERS, and these are made of only just a few minerals (*Examples include: Quartzite and Marble)
