AOPC-Meeting XX GSNMC Report

GSNMC Monitoring Results 2014

Report to AOPC-XX, Zurich, Switzerland, March 2015Doc. 7.1 - Agenda item 7.1

Nozomu Ohkawara and Andreas BeckerGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC)

Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Offenbach am Main, Germany

based on the GSNMC Monitoring Report for 2014

prepared by Mr. Udo Schneider (GSNMC DWD) and Ms. Ayako Takeuchi (GSNMC JMA)

Outline

GSNMC data base

CLIMAT reception in 2014

Timeliness of CLIMAT reports in 2014

QC and data quality of CLIMAT reports in 2014 Temperature data

Precipitation data

Conclusion and Outlook

AOPC-Meeting XX GSNMC Report

GPCC GTS Monitoring Results 1986-2014

Current overall CLIMAT stations (2.885 RBCN stations + ca. 150 ANTON stations)

GSN

Start of GSN Monitoring

Total CLIMAT arrival rate at GPCC increased since start of GSN monitoring activities in 1999 from ca. 60% up to almost 90% of the CLIMAT (RBCN + ANTON) stations in recent years

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GSNMC Monitoring Results 2001-2006

Development of the GSN-CLIMAT arrival rate (DWD and JMA)The global arrival rate increased

from 55% in early 2001 up to more than 70% since year 2005

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GSNMC Monitoring Results 2007-2009

Slight increase of the global GSN arrival rate up to 80% or more in 2009Data receipt in 2008/2009 in comparison to earlier period by WMO region:+ RA VI Europe (increase to ca. 95%)+ RA II Asia (slight increase to ca. 90%)+- RA IV North/Central Amer. (stable at 95%; with exception Sept./Oct. 2009)

+ RA V SW Pacific (slight increase to 80-85%)+ RA III South America (slight incr. to 70-80%)++ Antarctica (significant increase to 70-85%)+- RA I Africa (stable at 50%, still quite poor)

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GSNMC Monitoring Results 2010-2013

Gradual increase of global GSN arrival rate to 80% or more since 2010

Data receipt in 2013 in comparison to earlier period by WMO region:+- RA VI Europe (stable at ca. 90%)+- RA II Asia (stable at ca. 90%)+ RA IV North/Central Amer. (slight incr. to ca. 95%)

+- RA V SW Pacific (stable at ca. 80-85%)++ RA III South America (increase to 80-95%)+ Antarctica (slight increase to ca. 80-90%)+ RA I Africa (slight incr. to 50-60%, still poor)

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GSNMC Monitoring Results 2013 & 2014

Stable GSN arrival rate at 80% but partly dropping to the end of 2014

Data receipt in 2014 in comparison to 2013 by WMO region:= RA VI Europe (stable at 85%)= RA II Asia (stable at ca. 90%)= RA IV North/Central Amer. (stable 95%)

= RA V SW Pacific (stable at ca. 80-85%)= RA III South America (stable >80%)=- Antarctica (stable >90%, but ending <90%) = RA I Africa (stable at 55% but ending below 50%)

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Arrival rate at DWD 2013

Total number of GSN stations in 2013: 1018 (1023 in 2012)

CLIMAT reception in 2013 almost identical at DWD and JMA

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Arrival rate at DWD 2014

Total number of GSN stations in 2014: 1018 (1018 in 2013)

CLIMAT reception in 2014 partly complementary at DWD and JMA(RAIII and RAV)

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Arrival rate at JMA 2013

Total number of GSN stations in 2013: 1018 (1023 in 2012)AOPC-Meeting XX GSNMC Report

Arrival rate at JMA 2014

Total number of GSN stations in 2014: 1018 (1018 in 2013)AOPC-Meeting XX GSNMC Report

GSNMC Monitoring Results 2014

Arrival rate for 2014 at JMA, at DWD, and in totalAOPC-Meeting XX GSNMC Report

GSNMC Monitoring Results DWD 2013

Timeliness: Arrival rate day 1-5, day 6-8, day 9-20 AOPC-Meeting XX GSNMC Report

GSNMC Monitoring Results DWD 2014

Timeliness: Arrival rate day 1-5, day 6-8, day 9-20 -> Overall arrival rate well above 80% similar to 2013

GSNMC Monitoring Results JMA 2013

Timeliness: Arrival rate day 1-5, day 6-8, day 9-20

Exceptionally high fraction of CLIMAT reports received after day 8 for Dec. 2013

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GSNMC Monitoring Results JMA 2014

Timeliness: Arrival rate day 1-5, day 6-8, day 9-20 -> Overall arrival rate improved compared to 2013

For Dec. 2014, <6 days arrival rate back to almost normal

GSNMC Monitoring Results 2014

Timeliness of the CLIMAT reports for the GSN stations overall and by region based on harmonized incoming CLIMATs at both GSNMCs over the period January to December 2014

RA I: Africa

RA II: Asia

RA III: South America

RA IV: North/ Central America

RA V: South West Pacific

RA VI: Europe

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Data Quality - QC for air temperature and precipitation 2014 (JMA / DWD)

Rate of erroneous data for temperature and precipitation elements reported in CLIMAT reports in 2014 for the different regions and globallowest error rate for mean temperature in RA IV (0.1%!!) and RA VI--> highest error rate for TM and RR in RA I (Africa) with 2.4% and 8.6%--> lowest error rate for precipitation (RR) in RA IV (1.7%)

WMO regionmean

Temperaturemaximum

Temperatureminimum

Temperature

Precipitation

RA I 2.4% 3.9% 4.2% 8.6%

RA II 0.6% 2.9% 3.3% 5.3%

RA III 0.8% 1.5% 4.2% 5.1%

RA IV 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 1.7%

RA V 1.5% 3.4% 3.9% 5.7%

RA VI 0.5% 3.0% 2.4% 1.8%

Antarctica 0.2% 0.5% 0.5% 7.6%

Global 0.8% 2.4% 2.8% 4.5%

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QC results for mean air temperature 2004-2014

QC-flags of mean air temperature (%) in CLIMAT reports for the GSN stations for the different WMO RA’s and overall for the years 2004 to 2014 (left to right bar)0.8 % of the mean air temperature data were not correctable (flag 5, “trash”)fffsf

5 – deleted after manual QC

4 – manually corrected

3 – ok in manual QC

2 – accepted by auto QC

1 – not controlled

RA I RA II RA III RA IV RA V RA VI Antarctica Global

QC-flags:

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QC results for precipitation 2004-2014

QC-flags:

QC-flags of precipitation data (%) in CLIMAT reports for the GSN stations for the different WMO RA’s and overall for the years 2004 to 2013 (left to right bar)0.9% of precipitation data were not correctable (flag 5, “trash”), highest rate in RA IV (3.1%) and Antarctica (3.8%)

RA I RA II RA III RA IV RA V RA VI Antarctica Global

5 – deleted after manual QC

4 – manually corrected

3 – ok in manual QC

2 – accepted by auto QC

1 – not controlled

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Remarks on QC and Data Quality

The error rate (flags 4 + 5) is much higher for precipitation data (4.5%; back to

2012 value after being 4.1% in 2013) than for mean air temperature (0.8%, back to 2012

value after being at 1.2% in 2013)

On the other hand most of these errors in the monthly precipitation data can be attributed to the known “factor 10” problem (precipitation amounts reported in 1/10 mm instead of mm) or a coding error (coding monthly precipitation totals <1 mm as 9990-9999), which in almost all cases can be corrected

The rate of erroneous reports that can not be corrected (flag 5, “trash”) is comparable in mean temperature data (0.5%; 0.8% in 2013) and precipitation data (0.4%; 0.9% in 2013)

Error rates for monthly daily maximum and minimum temperature data has slightly increased to 2.4% and 2.8% compared to the respective 2013 values of 2.0% and 2.1%

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Conclusion and Outlook

Some countries are reporting CLIMAT in BUFR code besides ASCII format

(a few countries are including more information in BUFR code or reporting only in BUFR code)

BUFR code should be included in GSNMC routine in future

GSNMC routine is currently run for the (ca. 1000) GSN stations, should be extended to all RBCN stations in future

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For more information see the GSNMC Monitoring Report for 2014 (pdf) and the GSNMC homepage:http://www.gsnmc.dwd.de

AOPC-Meeting XX GSNMC Report