AP Exam Review 1

8/6/2019 AP Exam Review 1

1/55

ConstitutionalUnderpinnings Court Cases Powers Congress Make Plans

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2/55

This is the concept that each branch

performs unique and identifiable functions,

and the limitation of personnel to a specificbranch.

WHAT ARE SEPARATIONS OF POWER?


3/55

This event forced state governments to

acknowledge the need for a stronger central

government that could exert strongercontrols over its citizens.

WHAT IS SHAYS REBELLION?


4/55

This document which includes 27

paragraphs listing specific complaints of the

colonists against George III and hisministers.

WHAT IS THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE?


5/55

In the original Constitution, this was the only

element of government that was placed

within direct control of the votes of themajority

WHAT IS THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES?


6/55

This compromise addressed the issue of

representation in Congress. It established a

bicameral legislature.

WHAT IS THE CONNECTICUT COMPROMISE?


7/55

The Court ruled in this 1819 case, that

federal laws are supreme over state laws,

and when a state law comes into conflictwith a federal law, the federal law prevails.

This has come to be called the supremacy

clause.

WHAT IS McCulloch v. Maryland?


8/55

In this Supreme Court decision in 1824, the

court reaffirmed the concept of federal

supremacy over interstate trade and statesupremacy over intrastate trade. This

created dual federalism. The national

government has subsequently intruded into

matters once reserved for the states,

WHAT IS Gibbons v. Ogden ?


9/55

In this landmark decision, the Court held

that the government cannot exercise prior

restraint (censorship), but can sue orprosecute afterward.

WHAT IS New York Times v. U.S.?


10/55

John rshall anded the reme

ourts ower in this landmark 03

decision writing that it was thedut of the

upreme ourt to saywhat the law is anddeclare laws passed y ongress, andacts

of theexecuti e, invalid if theyare in

contradictionwith the onstitution.

WHAT I Marbury v. Madison ?


11/55

Legislative vetoes are a method by whichCongress, in either one or both houses,

blocks a proposed executive action. These

vetoes were declared unconstitutional inwhich 198 case

, when the Supreme Court decided that they

violated the doctrine of separation of

powers.

WHAT IS INS v. Chadha?


12/55

This type of government is where one

political party controls the presidency and

the other political party controls one or bothhouses of Congress. This division creates

the potential for gridlock.

WHAT IS DIVIDED GOVERNMENT?


13/55

This type ofpowerdescribes when both

federal and state governments make laws

for their citizens. Both federal and stategovernments have the power to tax, to

maintain courts, to define crimes, and to

appropriate private property for public use

(eminent domain).

WHAT ARE CONCURRENT POWERS?


14/55

This was added to the Constitution in 1791

because the Anti-Federalist attacks were so

strong that the founders feared theConstitution would not be ratified.

WHAT IS THE BILL OF RIGHTS?


15/55

Who said it?If men were angels, no government would be

necessary. If angels were to govern men,neither external nor internal controls on

government would be necessary. Adependence on the people is, no doubt, the

primary control on the government, butexperience has taught mankind the necessity

of auxiliary precautions.

WHO IS MADISON?


16/55

In this loveless relationship, the committee

members are responsible for the policy in

Congress, the interest group trying to

influence the policy from outside, and thebureaucratic agency in charge of

implementing the policy. Today, however,

that simplistic theory has been replaced withthe theory of issue networks.

WHAT IS THE IRON TRIANGLE?


17/55

This is the congressional representation

technique in which distribution among the

states is based on the population of each ofthe states

WHAT IS APPORTIONMENT?


18/55

This is person chosen by the majority part to

preside over the Senate when the Vice

President is absent. It is mostly aceremonial position lacking real power. The

Senate majority leader holds the real power.

WHAT IS THE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE?


19/55

In the Senate, this is the method of limiting

a filibuster through petition and vote.

WHAT IS CLOTURE?


20/55

This is an attempt by members of Congress

to gain the support of other members in

return for their support on the memberslegislation.

WHAT IS LOGROLLING?


21/55

These are permanent Congressional

committees such as: agriculture, veterans

affairs, energy and natural resources,among many others.

WHAT ARE STANDING COMMITTEES?


22/55

In this system of governing, government

retains unlimited powers for the benefit of

elite rulers.

WHAT IS TOTALITARIANISM?


23/55

In this type of government, all citizens

participate, meet, and make decisions about

public policy issues.

WHAT IS DIRECT DEMOCRACY?


24/55

In this type of government, citizens elect

representatives to make public policy

decisions in the citizens interests.

WHAT IS REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY (REPUBLIC)?


25/55

This plan was based on three principles.These included a strong national legislature

with two chambers, one to be chosen by the

people and one chosen by the lower house;

a strong national executive to be chosen by

the national legislature; and a national

judiciary to be appointed by the legislature.

This plan appealed primarily to the largerstates, as it benefited their interests most.

WHAT IS THE VIRGINIA PLAN?


26/55

This plan proposed a unicameral legislature

with one vote for each state, a weak

executive elected by Congress, and anational judiciary appointed by the

executive. It represented the interest of the

smaller states.

WHAT IS THE NEW JERSEY PLAN?


27/55

LAW AND

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THEORIES PARTY ON,

WAYNE

WAIT IN THE

LOBBY

PEOPLE

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28/55

These unfunded laws force states to pay for

programs that are required by federal law

yet not funded by federal dollars. Thismake states either raise taxes or cut

services to citizens.

WHAT IS A MANDATE?


29/55

This clause within Article IV of the

Constitution requires that states must

recognize each others laws and legalproceedings, such as marriages.

WHAT IS THE FULL AND CREDIT CLAUSE?


30/55

An amendment to the Constitution requires

a two-thirds majority vote of each house of

Congress and then be ratified by thispercentage of the state legislatures.

WHAT IS 75% (or )?


31/55

The necessary and proper clause of Article

I, Section 8 of the Constitution, is also

known as this, as it stretches Congressspowers to make laws that help it carry out

its enumerated powers.

WHAT IS THE ELASTIC CLAUSE?


32/55

This is a procedure where voters approve or

disapprove a measure the state legislature

has already passed.

WHAT IS A REFERENDUM?


33/55

This theory holds that policy results when

the group with the dominant interest

prevails.

WHAT IS A PLURALIST THEORY?


34/55

This is the tendency of the federal

government to place responsibility for how

grant money is spent in the hands of thestates. There is an emphasis on solving

problems at the state and local levels, rather

than at the federal level.

WHAT IS DEVOLUTION?


35/55

This theory of government claims that small

groups of individuals and/or businesses

dominate the policy making process in theirown interests.

WHAT IS ELITISM?


36/55

This is the idea that the U.S. contains so

many groups that represent so many

different interests that there is a virtualdeadlock of government action.

WHAT IS HYPER-PLURALISM?


37/55


38/55

This trend describes how voters today seem

less inclined to affiliate with any of the major

parties. Instead they are registering asindependents, which results in this for

political parties.

WHAT IS DEALIGNMENT?


39/55

This newly formed political party became

most identified with the antislavery

movement in the late 185 s

WHAT IS THE REPUBLICAN PARTY?


40/55

This type of political party is based on

social, political, or economic beliefs.

WHAT IS AN IDEOLOGICAL PARTY?


41/55

In these elections significant changes occur

in the way large groups of citizens vote,

shifting their political allegiance from onepolitical party to the other. Political

scientists identify the elections of 186 ,

1896 and 19 2 as examples of this.

WHAT ARE REALIGNMENT PERIODS?


42/55

Between 1824-1865, the second party

system otherwise known as this, witnessed

the democratization of elections.

WHAT IS TWO-PARTY SYSTEM?


43/55

This type of lobbying refers to the lobbying

of everyday people in an attempt to rally

them to support a cause or join interest

groups. The goal is to get constituents to

argue your case for you. It is often quite

effective.

WHAT IS GRASSROOTS LOBBYING (MOBILIZATION)?


44/55

Interest groups tend to be biased towards

this economic class.

WHAT IS THE UPPER CLASS?


45/55

This is the most important influence that

interest groups have regarding legislation.

WHAT IS PROVIDING INFORMATION?


46/55

This interest group strategy is the overnight

mobilization of the segment of the

population interested in a specific issue

using these means of communication and is

meant to bring about immediate political

pressure. This pressure mostly originates

from citizens outside of the formal politicalworld.

WHAT IS THE OUTSIDER STRATEGY?


47/55

This type of public interest organizationsthat research policy questions and

disseminate their findings in books, articles,

conferences, opinion essays fornewspapers, and (occasionally) testimony

before Congress.

WHAT ARE THINK TANKS?


48/55

Widely accepted as the most significant of

the Federalist Papers, James Madison

explained in this article how a republic

would minimize the effect of divisive political

factions by dividing power among several

different parties. This action would negate

the effect of a single faction operating alone.

WHAT IS FEDERALIST 1 ?


49/55

Following Revolution, this group of people

supported states rights and feared a strong

central government. They believed that the

Constitution would create an elite economic

class that would abuse individual rights.

Finally, they wanted fewer limits on popular

participation in the political process.

WHO ARE ANTI-FEDERALISTS?


50/55

This compromise balanced the interests of

the northern and southern states. The North

wanted slaves counted for taxation but not

representation, and the south wanted slaves

counted for representation but not taxation.

WHAT IS THE THREE FIFTHS COMPROMISE?


51/55

In what has been called the theory behindthe practice of modern American politics,

this man advised the prince of Florence that

it is better to be feared than to be loved,and that the appearance of being an honest,

trustworthy ruler is more important than

actually being an honest, trustworthy leader.

WHO IS MACHIAVELLI?


52/55

In the Second Treatise on CivilGovernment,

this man argued that the consent of the

governed is the only true basis of a king or

sovereigns right to rule. Therefore, a chief

executive, is limited by this social contract

with the governed.

WHO IS JOHN LOCKE?


53/55

TEAM1 WARHAMMER

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Jeopardy Double Jeopardy

GREEN MACHINE SALAMANDERS PMS

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54/55

The category is:The Founding

What is your wager?


55/55

FINAL JEOPARDY

Adams wrote of a radical change in the

principles, opinions, sentiments, and

affections of the people. One shift he was

referring to was how power should begained. He rejected the British idea that

power can be gained by this

WHAT IS BIRTH RIGHT?

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AP Exam Review 1

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