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APA and You An introduction to
citation and formatting for Medaille students
What is APA?A style guide:
APA (American Psychological Association) – Psychology, Business, Criminology, Economics, Education, and Sociology
Chicago (CMOS) – humanities and social sciences
Turabian (variation on Chicago) – humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences
MLA – literature and the humanities
CSE – biology
Benefits of Using APA
Your work will be easier to read and understand
Protects against plagiarism
Gives credit where credit is due
Gives the reader insight into your research process
APA Style is widely accepted in the business world and is commonly used in professional publications
General Format References
Main Body
Abstract(Optiona
l)Title Page
General Format
Your essay should:
be typed, double spaced
on standard-sized paper (8.5” x 11”)
in 10-12 pt. Times New Roman or a similar font
with 1” margins on all sides
include a page header (short title & page number) in the upper right-hand of every page
Page Header
Page Header
References Lists sources cited in the essay
May contain sources consulted, but not cited
APA Guides Medaille APA Guide -
http://libraryguides.medaille.edu/apa
Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) APA Guide
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Sixth Edition
Using the Guides Identify the source type: book, journal article,
webpage
Find an example of the source in an APA Guide
“Mirror” the example using the information from your source
References
Inman, M. (2012). How to tell if your cat is plotting to kill you. Kansas City: Andrews McMeel.
References
Adams, S. (2013). How to fail at almost everything and still win big: Kind of the story of my life. New York: Penguin Group.
References
References
Double spaced
In alphabetical order by authors’ surnames
“References” centered at top
Left-aligned with hanging indent
References1) Click and drag to
highlight a reference2) Right-click, select
“Paragraph”3) Select “Hanging” and
“0.5” under Indentation
Main Body
Header at top right-hand corner with page number
First page of main body will be page 3 with an abstract or page 2 without an abstract
Double spaced
No extra spaces between paragraphs, just indented
Title typed and centered at top
Main Body: In-Text Citations
Main Body: In-Text CitationsIn-text citations help readers locate the cited source in the References section of the paper.
Whenever you use a source, provide in parenthesis:
the author’s name and the date of publication
The page number(s) if your paraphrase is from a specific page or range of pages
The page number(s) if you are directly quoting a source
Main Body: In-Text Citations In some cases, you may choose to use a
signal phrase including the author’s name.
For example:
According to Rubin (2010), one of the reasons public libraries were built was because they were seen as a way to help the disadvantaged (p. 56).
In this case, you want to follow the author’s name with the year of publication. At the end of the sentence, specify the page number.
Direct Quotations
• Direct Quote (40 Words or Less)
– According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using APA style,
especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).
• Direct Quote (40 Words or More)– Jones's (1998) study found the following:
Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it
was their first time citing sources. This difficulty could be
attributed to the fact that many students failed to purchase a
style manual or to ask their teacher for help. (p. 199)
Abstract
Brief summary of your paper
Less than 120 words?
150-200 words?
Header
Double spaced, no indent
“Abstract” centered at top
Title Page
Centered in the upper-half of the page
Follow this order:
Essay titleWriter’s nameInstructor’s nameCourse titleDate
Double-spaced
Header at top
The Running Head
Short version of title in all caps
Aligned to left side of page
On title page, put “Running Head:”
All other pages, just short title in all caps, left-aligned
Citation Software
EndNote
Zotero
Mendeley
RefWorks
Son of Citation Machine
Citation Builder
KnightCite
Help at Medaille
Handout or APA manual
Website:− http://libraryguides.medaille.edu/rochesterapa
Ask a librarian− April Higgins: [email protected]− Elizabeth King: [email protected]
Medaille College, Rochester campus Writing Lab− Mon-Thu 6-8 PM; Sat 9-11 AM