Chapter 13--The Islamic World

Chronology of Early Islam

Muhammad Born in Mecca ca. 570

Muhammad’s First Revelation 610

Muhammad’s Flight to Medina (Hijra) 622

Muhammad Dies in Medina 632

Five Pillars of Islam

Faith There is no God but God; Muhammad is his messenger

Prayer Salat–obligatory prayers said five times daily

Charity Zakat–“purification” or “growth”

Fasting during month of Ramadan

Pilgrimage Hajj–trip to Mecca once in a lifetime some go yearly during Ramadan

Dome of the Rock

Jerusalem687-692

Dome of the Rock

Jerusalem687-692

Dome of the Rock (interior)

Jerusalem687-692

Great Mosque

Damascus, Syria 706-715

Mosaic from CourtyardGreat Mosque

Damascus, Syria 706-715

Plan of the Umayyad Palace

Mshatta, Jordanca. 740-750

Detail of the Friezeof the Umayyad Palace

Mshatta, Jordanca. 740 - 750limestone16 ft. 7 in. high

Frieze of the Umayyad Palace

Mshatta, Jordanca. 740 - 750limestone16 ft. 7 in. high

Aerial view of the Great Mosque

Qayrawan, Tunisia ca. 836-875

Plan of the Great Mosque

Qayrawan, Tunisia ca. 836-875

Malwiya minaret of the Great Mosque

Samarra, Iraq ca. 848-852

Malwiya minaret and Great Mosque

Samarra, Iraq ca. 848-852

Mausoleum of the Samanids

Bukhara, Uzbekistanearly 10th century

Prayer hall of the Great Mosque

Córdoba, Spain8th to 10th centuries

Entrance to the Great Mosque

Córdoba, Spain8th to 10th centuries

Prayer hall of the Great Mosque

Córdoba, Spain8th to 10th centuries

Maqsura of the Great Mosque

Córdoba, Spain961-965

Dome in front of the mihrabof the Great Mosque

Córdoba, Spain961-965

Plaque10th or early 11th centuryivory, quartz, pigment4 1/4 x 8 in.

Confronting lions and palm tree

fragment of a textile from Zandana, Uzbekistan8th centurysilk compound twill2 ft. 11 in. x 2 ft. 9 1/2 in.

Sulayman

Ewer in the form of a bird796brass with silver and copper inlay1 ft. 3 in. high

Quran page with the beginning of surah 18, al Kahf (The Cave)9th or early 10th centuryink and gold on vellum7 1/4 in. x 10 1/4 in.

Muqarnas dome, hall of the Two SistersAlahambra Palace

Granada, Spain1354-1391

Madrasa-mosque-mausoleum complex of Sultan Hasan

Cairo, Egypt1356-1363

plan of the Madrasa - Mosque - Mausoleum complex of Sultan Hasan

Cairo, Egypt

Sinan

Mosque of Selim II

Edirne, Turkey1568-1575

Sinan

Mosque of Selim II (interior)

Edirne, Turkey1568-1575

Courtyard of the Great Mosque

Isfahan, Iran11th to 17th centuries

Dome of the Shah Mosque

Isfahan, Iran1611-1638

Mihrab from the Madrasa Imami

Isfahan, Iranca. 1354glazed mosaic tilework11 ft. 3 in. x 7 ft. 6 in.

Sultan-Muhammad

Hushang discovers firedetail of folio recto of the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp

Tabriz, Iranca.1525-1535ink, watercolor and gold on paper13 x 9 in.

Sultan-Muhammad

The court of Gayumarsdetail of folio 20 verso of the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp

Tabriz, Iranca.1525-1535ink, watercolor and gold on paper13 x 9 in.

Sultan-Muhammad

The court of Gayumarsdetail of folio 20 verso of the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp

Tabriz, Iranca.1525-1535ink, watercolor and gold on paper13 x 9 in.

Sultan-Muhammad

The court of Gayumarsdetail of folio 20 verso of the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp

Tabriz, Iranca.1525-1535ink, watercolor and gold on paper13 x 9 in.

Maqsud of Kashan

Carpet from the funerary mosque of Shaykh Safi al-Din

Ardabil, Iran1540knotted pile of wood and silk34 ft. 6 in. x 17 ft. 7 in.