33
Appendix 4 - Value management report (Part 3 long-term study)
Appendix 4 - Value management report (Part 3 long-term study)
R
ICH
MO
ND
BR
IDG
E A
ND
AP
PR
OA
CH
ES
CO
NG
ES
TIO
N S
TU
DY
LO
NG
TE
RM
OP
TIO
NS
AS
SE
SS
ME
NT
V
AL
UE
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
WO
RK
SH
OP
RE
PO
RT
24 O
CT
OB
ER
201
2
A
BN
36
082
506
171
Pre
pare
d b
y:-
T
he A
ustr
alia
n C
en
tre F
or
Valu
e M
an
agem
ent
55 A
lbio
n S
treet
Surr
y H
ills N
SW
2010 A
ustr
alia
P
.O. B
ox 1
598
Str
aw
berr
y H
ills
NS
W 2012 A
ustr
alia
T
el (6
1 2
) 92
11 6
48
8
Fax (
61 2
) 9
211 6
499
acvm
@acvm
.com
.au
Ta
ble
of
Co
nte
nts
BA
CK
GR
OU
ND
1
TH
E S
TU
DY
AR
EA
2
INF
OR
MA
TIO
N P
HA
SE
3
CO
MM
UN
ITY
FE
ED
BA
CK
3
CO
MM
UN
ITY
PE
RS
PE
CT
IVE
S
3
VA
LU
E F
AC
TO
RS
5
RIC
HM
ON
D B
RID
GE
& A
PP
RO
AC
HE
S V
AL
UE
FA
CT
OR
S 6
P
RO
JEC
T O
BJE
CT
IVE
S
6
PU
RP
OSE
(S)
6
INT
EN
DE
D /
EX
PE
CT
ED
BE
NE
FIT
S
7
IMP
OR
TA
NT
ASP
EC
TS
7
OP
TIO
NS
ASS
ESS
ME
NT
8
W
OR
KSH
OP
RE
CO
MM
EN
DA
TIO
N
8
KE
Y A
CT
ION
S A
RIS
ING
9
AP
PE
ND
IX 1
: WO
RK
SH
OP
PA
RT
ICIP
AN
TS
1
0
WO
RK
SHO
P F
AC
ILIT
AT
OR
1
0
INV
ITE
D B
UT
UN
AB
LE
TO
AT
TE
ND
: 1
1
AP
PE
ND
IX 2
: OP
TIO
NS
AS
SE
SS
ME
NT
CO
MM
EN
TS
1
2
AP
PE
ND
IX 3
: BA
CK
GR
OU
ND
IN
FO
RM
AT
ION
& T
HE
PR
INC
IPA
L O
PT
ION
S
19
OP
TIO
N A
2
5
OP
TIO
N B
2
6
OP
TIO
N C
2
7
OP
TIO
N D
2
8
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy –
Lo
ng
term
op
tio
ns
assessm
en
t V
alu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t W
ork
sh
op
Rep
ort
- 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2
012
P
ag
e 1
Ba
ck
gro
un
d
The to
wnsh
ip of
Ric
hm
ond is
appro
xim
ate
ly 6
5km
w
est
of
the S
ydn
ey
CB
D.
At
Ric
hm
ond,
the R
ichm
ond B
ridge c
rosses t
he H
aw
kesbury
Riv
er
connecting B
ells
Lin
e o
f R
oad to
the
west
with K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad t
o th
e e
ast.
Urb
an
expansio
n
an
d
lan
d
use
ch
ang
es
in
nort
h-w
este
rn
Syd
ne
y
are
contr
ibu
ting to
in
cre
ased tr
aff
ic volu
mes on th
e exis
ting ro
ad netw
ork
, especia
lly b
etw
een R
ichm
ond a
nd N
ort
h R
ichm
ond a
nd a
t pre
se
nt
there
is
insuff
icie
nt
ca
pacity f
or
the
brid
ge a
nd
its
ap
pro
aches t
o c
ope w
ith t
raff
ic
congestion duri
ng p
eak periods.
A
s a re
sult,
duri
ng th
e m
orn
ing and
aft
ern
oon
peak
perio
ds,
Ric
hm
ond
Brid
ge
and
the
appro
ach
roa
ds
betw
een
G
ross
Va
le
Roa
d
an
d
East
Mark
et
Str
ee
t experi
ence
tr
aff
ic
congestion.
The l
evel
of
serv
ice a
long t
his
section o
f R
ichm
ond B
ridg
e
and its
ap
pro
ach r
oads is w
ell
belo
w t
he e
xpecte
d le
ve
l fo
r ro
ads o
f sim
ilar
cla
ssific
ation
in
Syd
ne
y.
To a
ssess t
his
issue a
nd t
o u
ndert
ake a
pro
cess o
f options d
evelo
pm
ent
a
feasib
ility
stu
dy h
as c
om
menced.
The f
easib
ility
stu
dy i
s f
unded b
y t
he
F
edera
l G
overn
ment
an
d
managed
by
Roads
an
d
Mari
tim
e
Serv
ices
(RM
S)
with S
ME
C p
rovid
ing c
onsultancy s
erv
ices a
nd
ad
vic
e.
The p
urp
ose o
f th
is s
tud
y i
s t
o u
nd
ert
ake i
nvestig
ations fo
r lo
ng
er-
term
solu
tions t
o a
ddre
ss c
onge
stion.
The o
vera
ll pro
ject obje
ctives a
re:
1.
Define t
he r
oa
d c
orr
idor
be
tween R
ichm
ond a
nd N
ort
h R
ichm
ond t
hat
is r
equ
ired t
o b
e r
eserv
ed f
or
the p
refe
rre
d o
ptio
n.
2.
Main
tain
the o
pera
tio
ns o
f R
ichm
ond B
ridge
& i
ts a
ppro
aches d
urin
g
constr
uction.
3.
Reduce t
raff
ic c
ongestion
to a
n a
ccepta
ble
le
vel
for
this
cla
ssific
ation
of
road.
4.
Main
tain
and im
pro
ve a
cce
ssib
ility
to a
nd
acro
ss R
ich
mond B
ridg
e.
5.
Min
imis
e a
ny e
nviro
nm
enta
l im
pact alo
ng t
he r
oute
. 6.
Impro
ve s
afe
ty f
or
all
road
users
. 7.
Min
imis
e the p
roje
ct “w
hole
of
life c
ost”
.
Short
-term
str
ate
gie
s are
als
o b
ein
g d
evelo
pe
d as part
of
the stu
dy in
re
sponse
to
str
ong
com
munity
concern
s
that
an
y
exte
nd
ed
dela
y
in
imple
me
nting
a
long
-term
solu
tion
mig
ht
see
the
traff
ic
congestion
accentu
ate
d, cre
ating a
less s
afe
road s
itua
tion d
urin
g p
eak tim
es.
A
varie
ty
of
options
were
consid
ere
d
to
incre
ase
the
cap
acity
of
the
exis
tin
g r
oad n
etw
ork
and inte
rsectio
ns in o
rder
to s
ele
ct
a c
orr
idor
for
the
futu
re
road
and
bri
dg
e
work
s
that
wo
uld
be
necessary
to
achie
ve
an
accepta
ble
le
ve
l of
functio
nalit
y –
especia
lly d
urin
g p
eak p
eriods.
These
have b
een r
efined t
o e
sta
blis
h f
our
(4)
princip
al lo
ng
-te
rm o
ptions:-
Wid
enin
g o
f th
e e
xis
tin
g b
ridge inclu
din
g p
ossib
le c
ontr
a f
low
optio
ns.
Constr
uction o
f a n
ew
tw
o lane b
rid
ge a
dja
cent to
th
e e
xis
tin
g b
ridge
Constr
uction o
f a n
ew
tw
o lane n
ew
brid
ge (
1 in 5
year
flood e
ve
nt)
.
Constr
uction o
f a n
ew
tw
o lane n
ew
brid
ge (
1 in 2
0 y
ear
flood e
ve
nt)
.
These w
ere
recently e
xh
ibited f
or
com
munity c
om
ment
until
17 O
cto
ber
2012
. C
om
munity s
ubm
issio
ns w
ill b
e inclu
ded i
n t
he s
tud
y r
ep
ort
and i
ts
recom
mendatio
ns.
An i
mport
ant
com
ponent
of
the s
tud
y r
eport
is t
he q
ualit
ative a
ssessm
ent
of
these p
rincip
al
options in
ord
er
to dete
rmin
e i
f a p
refe
rred l
ong
-term
option fo
r th
e ro
ad
corr
ido
r can b
e se
lecte
d.
A
sta
kehold
er
work
shop,
inclu
din
g c
om
munity r
epre
senta
tion w
as d
ete
rmin
ed a
s t
he b
est
means t
o
undert
ake
this
qualit
ative
assessm
ent.
A
Valu
e
Manag
em
ent
Revie
w
Work
shop w
as t
here
fore
held
at
the S
ebel
Resort
an
d S
pa a
t W
indsor
on
24 O
cto
ber
20
12.
The lis
t of
part
icip
ants
is inclu
de
d a
t A
pp
en
dix
1.
The
agre
ed w
ork
shop p
urp
ose w
as to:
To a
ssess t
he p
rincip
al
long
-term
options f
or
futu
re i
mpro
vem
ent
to
the
Ric
hm
ond
Brid
ge
and
ap
pro
ach
es
capacity
and,
if
appro
priate
, to
re
com
mend
a
pre
ferr
ed
option
for
deta
iled
pla
nnin
g.
The w
ork
shop m
eth
odolo
gy i
nvolv
ed t
he c
onsultant
team
giv
ing a
brief
pre
senta
tion o
f th
e p
roje
ct
conte
xt
and o
f th
e p
rincip
al
long-
term
options.
Part
icip
an
ts w
ere
ab
le t
o s
eek c
larifications s
o t
hat
a s
hare
d a
ppre
cia
tio
n w
as d
evelo
pe
d a
bout
each o
f th
e o
ptio
ns.
A dra
ft s
et
of
assessm
ent
crite
ria w
as r
evie
we
d a
nd w
ith s
om
e
min
or
adju
stm
ents
was a
do
pte
d f
or
the a
ssessm
ent pro
cess.
These
are
in
clu
ded
at
Ap
pen
dix
2
to
geth
er
with
the
work
shop
assessm
ent com
ments
and r
ela
tive r
atings.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
Th
e S
tud
y A
rea
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 3
Info
rma
tio
n P
ha
se
The part
icip
ants
ha
d b
ee
n pro
vid
ed
w
ith som
e ba
ckgro
und in
form
ation
prior
to t
he w
ork
shop,
but
the o
pport
un
ity w
as g
ive
n t
o w
alk
them
thro
ugh
the p
lannin
g a
nd t
he
princip
al options t
o b
e a
ssessed.
Part
icip
ants
were
ab
le t
o a
sk q
uestions a
nd g
ain
a d
eeper
ap
pre
cia
tio
n o
f each o
ption,
are
as o
f pote
ntia
l be
nefit a
nd im
pacts
.
The
sum
mary
in
form
ation
pre
sente
d
at
the
work
shop
is
inclu
ded
at
Ap
pen
dix
3.
Fio
na
Ch
an o
f R
MS
intr
od
uced t
he w
ork
shop a
nd a
ffirm
ed t
he p
urp
ose o
f th
e w
ork
shop a
nd t
he p
roje
ct
obje
ctives a
nd h
ighlig
hte
d t
he
im
port
ance o
f ta
kin
g i
nto
consid
era
tio
n t
he i
ssues a
nd c
oncern
s o
f th
e c
om
munity and
sta
kehold
ers
.
The c
om
munity f
eedback p
rocess f
or
the e
xhib
ite
d p
lans w
as n
ote
d,
with
subm
issio
ns h
avin
g c
losed o
n 1
7 O
cto
ber
201
2.
Concern
abo
ut
gettin
g s
om
e s
hort
-term
relie
f m
easure
s i
n p
lace w
as a
lso
note
d a
nd t
raff
ic m
odelli
ng
was b
ein
g u
ndert
aken t
o h
elp
in d
ecid
ing h
ow
best
to a
llevia
te c
ong
estio
n
in t
he s
hort
-term
. H
ow
ever,
th
is w
ork
shop
had to
fo
cus on th
e lo
ng
-term
str
ate
gy,
so th
at
an appro
pri
ate
corr
idor
could
b
e dete
rmin
ed and
th
us pro
vid
e
gre
ate
r cert
ain
ty fo
r ro
ads and
tr
aff
ic
pla
nnin
g.
H
avin
g
the
corr
idor
defin
ed
wo
uld
a
lso
assis
t th
e
com
munity i
mple
ment
its d
eve
lopm
ent
and c
ultura
l a
ctivitie
s w
ith g
reate
r cert
ain
ty.
Of
part
icula
r concern
is t
he
tre
atm
ent
of
Yarr
am
undi
Lane a
nd a
part
form
th
e peak w
eekda
y tr
aff
ic th
ere
w
as a
lso th
e sport
ing activitie
s
– b
oth
eve
nin
g
sp
ort
s
tra
inin
g
sessio
ns
as
well
as
weekend
sport
s
and
recre
atio
nal
eve
nts
– w
he
n tr
aff
ic tr
yin
g to
use th
e in
ters
ectio
n acro
ss
Kurr
ajo
ng
Roa
d w
as m
ost pro
ble
matic.
It
was
accepte
d
that
an
y
short
-term
str
ate
gy
must
have
a
work
able
solu
tion f
or
this
inte
rsectio
n.
Tra
nsport
for
NS
W h
ighlig
hte
d t
ha
t th
e o
pp
ort
un
ity f
or
furt
her
com
munity
subm
issio
ns on t
he d
raft
NS
W T
ransport
Maste
rpla
n,
especia
lly on a
ny
short
-term
fix
es r
em
ain
ed o
pen u
ntil 26
Octo
ber
20
12.
Co
mm
un
ity F
ee
db
ac
k
Jacqu
i H
yn
e,
of
Id
Pla
nnin
g
ad
vis
ed
the
work
shop
on
the
com
munity
consulta
tio
n p
rocess a
nd o
utc
om
es t
o d
ate
. I
nfo
rmation s
essio
ns a
s w
ell
as o
n-l
ine
op
port
unitie
s h
ave b
een t
aken u
p.
Som
e 8
0 p
eo
ple
atte
nde
d t
he c
om
munity i
nfo
rmation
sessio
ns a
nd d
rop
-in
s.
A tota
l of
56 s
ubm
issio
ns h
ave
be
en r
ece
ived s
ince J
uly
201
2.
The k
ey m
essages that deri
ve f
rom
all
of
this
feedback s
o f
ar
are
:-
Flo
od
im
munity
Ke
y
inte
rsections
con
gestion
and
safe
ty
(e.g
. Y
arr
am
undi
Lane)
Pro
pert
y im
pacts
Land
use a
nd d
eve
lopm
ent
Pro
ject scope
Tim
efr
am
es a
nd f
undin
g
It w
as n
ote
d t
hat
herita
ge d
id n
ot
com
e t
hro
ugh a
s a
str
ong issue f
rom
the
subm
issio
ns a
nd f
eedb
ack.
Overa
ll com
munity f
eed
back a
bout th
e lo
ng
-term
optio
ns w
as f
or:
-
D
C
B
A
D ist cho
ice
C
2nd c
ho
ice
B
3rd
cho
ice
A
last
Co
mm
un
ity P
ers
pe
cti
ve
s
The c
om
munity r
epre
senta
tives w
ere
asked t
o s
hare
their v
iew
s a
bou
t th
e
stu
dy a
nd
the
pote
ntia
l solu
tions:-
What altern
ative b
y-p
ass o
ptio
ns w
ere
be
ing c
onsid
ere
d b
y R
MS
?
Ho
w f
urt
her
develo
pm
ent
is o
ccurr
ing in N
ort
h R
ichm
ond a
nd o
nto
Gro
se
Vale
Ro
ad.
The im
port
ance o
f ha
vin
g a
n a
ltern
ative b
ridge in t
he e
ven
t of
the e
xis
ting
bridg
e b
ein
g c
ut-
off
.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 4
Cong
estio
n o
n t
he t
wo b
rid
ges a
cro
ss t
he r
iver
in t
his
are
a (
i.e.
Ric
hm
ond
and W
indsor)
usually
occurr
ing a
t th
e s
am
e tim
e is a
seri
ous p
roble
m.
It n
eeds a
glo
ba
l (i
.e.
str
ate
gic
) p
ers
pective a
nd
a t
hir
d b
ridge
to a
llevia
te
the c
on
gestion.
It w
ould
be e
xp
ecte
d t
o r
educe t
he
need f
or
an
y e
xp
end
iture
at
Win
dsor
or
Ric
hm
ond.
If t
he f
ocus o
f th
e s
tud
y i
s just
Ric
hm
ond /
Nort
h R
ich
mond t
hen its
lik
ely
th
at th
e p
roble
ms w
ill b
e e
xacerb
ate
d f
or
the c
om
munitie
s.
The
dem
ogra
phic
s
are
chang
ing
–
no
lo
ng
er
a
rura
l are
a
as
urb
an
com
mute
rs a
re m
ovin
g into
the
are
a (
especia
lly o
n t
he
weste
rn s
ide o
f th
e
river)
– t
his
is b
ringin
g s
ign
ific
antly h
igher
peak f
low
s t
hro
ug
h th
is c
orr
idor.
Flo
od
im
munity i
s a
lso i
mport
ant
– p
eo
ple
ne
ed t
o b
e a
ble
to g
et
to w
ork
fr
om
the N
ort
h R
ichm
ond s
ide
so f
loo
d f
ree a
ccess is n
eede
d.
The o
bvio
us s
olu
tio
n is t
o h
ave
a b
y-p
ass –
it
wou
ld b
e a
better
long
-term
solu
tion.
Must ha
ve
all
turn
options a
t th
e Y
arr
am
undi R
oad
inte
rsection.
Flo
od
fre
e a
ccess to the
we
st of
the e
xis
ting b
rid
ge is a
lso n
eede
d.
If w
e h
ave n
o g
row
th t
hen
the c
om
munity w
ill s
tag
nate
and d
eclin
e.
D a
nd
C a
re t
he p
refe
rred o
ptio
ns a
mongst th
e c
om
munity.
The loss o
f health f
acili
ties a
t K
urr
ajo
ng w
ill f
orc
e m
ore
tra
ffic
thro
ugh t
he
corr
idor
in s
eek o
f m
edic
al (a
nd o
ther)
serv
ice a
t W
indsor.
There
is f
urt
her
develo
pm
ent
occurr
ing a
nd t
here
will
no d
ou
bt
be m
ore
over
the p
eri
od t
hat th
is s
tud
y is p
lann
ing f
or
(i.e
. up t
o 2
03
6).
Safe
ty is a
co
ncern
with t
he
curr
ent in
ters
ections c
ong
estion
.
Access a
cro
ss the r
iver
duri
ng f
loods
A h
igh l
eve
l of
scepticis
m t
hat
noth
ing
will
happ
en b
ecause t
here
is n
o
mone
y –
so w
hy n
ot
look a
t a b
y-p
ass a
nyw
ay?
Ho
w w
ill t
he c
orr
idor
str
ate
gy i
mpro
ve p
ub
lic t
ransport
– e
specia
lly i
n t
he
morn
ing p
eak p
erio
ds to a
nd f
rom
Nort
h R
ichm
ond.
Intr
oduction
of
more
no
-rig
ht-
turn
s.
The bridg
e itself is
not
the pro
ble
m
– it's
th
e flo
ws to
a
nd fr
om
O
ld
Kurr
ajo
ng
Roa
d a
nd Y
arr
am
undi Lan
e.
A b
y-p
ass c
an h
ave b
en
efits
– b
ut
it w
ou
ld s
erio
usly
reduce e
conom
ic
activity in R
ichm
ond a
nd N
ort
h R
ichm
ond.
Access t
o m
edic
al
serv
ice
s,
especia
lly d
uri
ng f
loo
din
g –
its
oth
erw
ise a
100km
road t
rip t
o g
et
to N
epe
an H
osp
ita
l – w
ith L
ithgo
w t
oo s
mall
to
cope.
Ke
y
facili
ties
that
are
re
lied
upon
duri
ng
flo
od
events
–
Am
bula
nce
S
tation
, F
ire S
tation
and P
olic
e a
re a
ll lo
ca
ted
on
th
e e
aste
rn s
ide o
f th
e
river
– s
o h
avin
g f
lood f
ree a
ccess is h
igh
ly c
ritica
l.
An
y i
ncre
ased d
eve
lopm
ent, e
sp
ecia
lly h
ousin
g o
n t
he w
este
rn s
ide w
ill
exacerb
ate
tra
vel dem
ands thro
ug
h th
e c
orr
idor.
A b
y-p
ass w
ould
be a
bette
r valu
e s
olu
tio
n.
Whate
ver
ha
pp
ens t
he h
eri
tage issues n
eed t
o b
e s
en
sitiv
ely
addre
ssed
.
Over
investm
ent
in s
hort
-te
rm a
nd w
iden
ing o
f th
e c
orr
idor
and a
dd
ing
a
bridg
e c
rossin
g m
ay,
by t
he t
ime t
he
y a
re f
unde
d a
nd c
onstr
ucte
d,
ha
ve
le
ss t
han 1
5-1
0 y
ears
wort
h o
f usefu
l lif
e –
a b
y-p
ass e
arlie
r w
ou
ld g
ive
better
va
lue
-for-
mone
y.
Flo
od
ing a
nd c
om
munity d
eve
lopm
ent
should
be t
he
focus o
f th
e l
on
g-
term
solu
tio
n – addre
ssin
g congestion an
d in
ters
ection tr
eatm
ents
are
short
er-
term
consid
era
tio
ns.
A t
hird,
floo
d f
ree b
ridg
e a
cro
ss t
he r
iver
is a
lrea
dy c
learl
y e
ssentia
l w
ith
at pre
sen
t th
e o
nly
flo
od f
ree a
ccess b
ein
g t
he b
ridg
e a
t P
enrith
.
The c
om
munity w
ould
be
concern
ed t
hat
solv
ing t
his
congestion t
hro
ugh
one o
f th
ese o
ptions m
ay e
nd u
p d
efe
rrin
g i
nd
efinitely
the b
y-p
ass –
a
better
lon
g-t
erm
solu
tion –
giv
en a
ny f
urt
her
develo
pm
ent
on t
he N
ort
h
Ric
hm
ond s
ide o
f th
e r
iver.
RM
S
note
d
that
the
traff
ic
modelli
ng
has
aff
irm
ed
that
this
pro
ject
is
need
ed a
nyw
ay b
eca
use a
long
er-
term
third c
rossin
g o
f th
e r
iver
does n
ot
oth
erw
ise re
lieve th
e con
gestio
n alo
ng th
is corr
idor
betw
ee
n R
ichm
ond
and N
ort
h R
ichm
ond.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 5
Va
lue
Fa
cto
rs
What
is it
that
is v
alu
ed a
bout
the R
ichm
ond B
ridg
e a
nd its
appro
ach
es f
or
the lon
ger-
term
?
One of
the essentia
l e
lem
ents
of
the V
alu
e M
an
agem
ent
Pro
cess (f
or
exam
ple
, as d
efined i
n t
he
Austr
alia
n S
tand
ard
for
Valu
e M
an
agem
ent
-
AS
4183
-200
7)
1is
to i
dentify
the ‘
valu
e f
acto
rs’
of
an e
ntity
(in
th
is c
ase,
the R
ichm
ond B
ridge a
nd
its
’ appro
aches).
Valu
e
facto
rs
are
defin
ed
as
the
com
bin
ation
of
the
usefu
l p
urp
oses
fulfill
ed
by
that
entity
, th
e
be
neficia
l outc
om
es
from
fu
lfill
ing
those
purp
oses a
nd
th
ose o
ther
featu
res/c
hara
cte
ristics o
f th
e e
ntity
th
at
are
of
part
icu
lar
import
ance
or
conseque
nce.
T
hese
thre
e
facto
rs
–
usefu
l purp
oses,
ben
efits
an
d
import
ant
chara
cte
ristics
–
in
com
bin
ation
, dete
rmin
e th
e v
alu
e p
lace
d o
n t
he e
ntity
fro
m m
ultip
le p
ers
pectives.
It i
s i
mport
ant
to r
eco
gn
ise
that
the
perc
eptio
ns o
f pu
rpose,
benefits
and
import
ance
diffe
r fr
om
pers
on
to
pers
on
and,
from
org
anis
atio
n
to
org
an
isation and
so o
ne ta
sk o
f th
is w
ork
shop w
ill be to
captu
re th
ose
perc
eptions,
unders
tand a
nd re
cord
th
em
in
a str
uctu
red fo
rmat. T
his
concept of
valu
e is illu
str
ate
d in th
e f
ollo
win
g d
iagra
m.
Valu
e
1 T
he
Au
str
alia
n S
tand
ard
fo
r V
alu
e M
an
ag
em
ent
AS
418
3-
200
7 inclu
des a
n
exp
lan
atio
n o
f ‘V
alu
e’ as o
utlin
ed
in t
his
rep
ort
.
The n
otion o
f valu
e f
or
mo
ney b
uild
s o
n t
his
model of
valu
e,
and is s
ho
wn
in th
e fo
llow
ing d
iagra
m.
A
dis
tin
gu
ishin
g aspect
of
this
m
odel
is th
e
separa
tion of
“valu
e”
from
“m
one
y”
meanin
g t
hat
a b
asis
is p
rovid
ed t
o
enab
le
com
parisons
be
tween
options
to
dete
rmin
e
whic
h
option
(or
com
bin
ation
of
options)
will
pro
vid
e
the
best
va
lue
fo
r th
e
am
ount
of
mone
y t
o b
e e
xp
end
ed.
In s
eekin
g b
est
valu
e f
or
money,
the v
alu
e m
anage
ment
work
shop
-gro
up
develo
ps
pro
posals
th
at
will
fu
lfil
the
defined
purp
oses,
achie
ve
the
desired b
en
efits
and i
ncorp
ora
te t
he r
equ
ired i
mport
an
t chara
cte
ristics,
all
at th
e lo
west to
tal cost (m
eanin
g t
he life c
ycle
costs
).
Use
ful
pu
rpo
se
Ben
efic
ial
ou
tco
mes
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge
& A
pp
roac
hes
-
Lo
ng-
Ter
m
Imp
ort
ant
char
acte
rist
ics
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 6
Impro
vem
ents
in
valu
e
for
mon
ey
ma
y
be
achie
ved
thro
ugh
vari
ous
com
bin
ations o
f valu
e a
nd t
ota
l cost, a
s s
ho
wn b
elo
w.
Incr
easi
ng
the
use
ful p
urp
ose
s, b
enef
its
and
im
po
rtan
t ch
arac
teri
stic
s o
f th
e en
tity
wh
ile
red
uci
ng
the
tota
l co
st.
Val
ue
T
ota
l co
st
Incr
easi
ng
the
use
ful p
urp
ose
s, b
enef
its
and
im
po
rtan
t ch
arac
teri
stic
s o
f th
e en
tity
wit
ho
ut
chan
gin
g th
e to
tal c
ost
.
Val
ue
T
ota
l co
st
Mai
nta
inin
g th
e u
sefu
l pu
rpo
ses,
ben
efit
s an
d
imp
ort
ant
char
acte
rist
ics
of
the
enti
ty w
hil
e re
du
cin
g th
e to
tal c
ost
.
Val
ue
T
ota
l co
st
Mar
gin
ally
red
uci
ng
th
e u
sefu
l pu
rpo
ses,
ben
efit
s an
d im
po
rtan
t ch
arac
teri
stic
s o
f th
e en
tity
wh
ile
sub
stan
tial
ly r
edu
cin
g t
he
tota
l co
st.
Val
ue
T
ota
l co
st
Sub
stan
tial
ly in
crea
sin
g th
e u
sefu
l pu
rpo
ses,
b
enef
its
and
imp
ort
ant
char
acte
rist
ics
of
the
enti
ty w
hil
e m
arg
inal
ly in
crea
sin
g th
e to
tal c
ost
.
Val
ue
T
ota
l co
st
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge
& A
pp
roa
ch
es
Va
lue
Fa
cto
rs
Pro
jec
t O
bje
cti
ve
s
Impro
ved tra
vel cond
itio
ns a
nd r
oad s
afe
ty a
lon
g th
e c
orr
idor
betw
een
Ric
hm
ond a
nd
Nort
h R
ich
mond
To e
nsure
opera
tion o
f R
ichm
ond B
rid
ge a
nd its
ap
pro
aches c
an b
e
main
tain
ed d
urin
g c
onstr
uction
To m
ain
tain
/ im
pro
ve t
he a
ccessib
ility
on R
ichm
ond B
ridg
e
To m
inim
ise im
pacts
on the
built
and n
atu
ral en
viro
nm
ent a
long t
he r
oute
To m
inim
ise the w
ho
le-o
f-lif
e c
ost
The s
takeh
old
er
work
shop
was a
ble
to d
efin
e th
e fo
llow
ing
Va
lue F
acto
rs:-
NB
: T
hese a
re n
ot
liste
d in a
ny p
art
icula
r ord
er
of
pri
ori
ty o
r th
em
ed.
Pu
rpo
se
(s)
Esta
blis
hm
ent of
an a
gre
ed
corr
idor
and s
trate
gy f
or
impro
vin
g t
ravel
conditio
ns b
etw
ee
n R
ichm
ond a
nd N
ort
h R
ichm
ond to a
n a
ccepta
ble
le
ve
l of
serv
ice f
or
the p
eri
od u
p t
o 2
036
Cre
ation o
f str
ate
gic
conce
pt p
lans a
nd a
n a
ssocia
ted c
ost pla
n to info
rm
decis
ion
-makin
g b
y t
he
Co
mm
onw
ea
lth
an
d N
SW
Govern
ments
.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 7
Inte
nd
ed
/ E
xp
ec
ted
Be
ne
fits
reserv
ation o
f a c
orr
idor
for
the d
evelo
pm
ent str
ate
gy
Com
monw
ealth a
nd N
SW
Sta
te G
overn
ment fu
ndin
g t
o a
n a
gre
ed
pro
gra
m
few
er
accid
ents
and f
ata
litie
s
impro
ved journ
ey t
imes a
long th
e c
orr
idor
safe
r conditio
ns a
nd f
acili
ties f
or
pedestr
ians a
nd c
yclis
ts a
lon
g th
e
corr
idor
cla
rity
to a
llow
com
munity a
nd c
om
merc
ial d
evelo
pm
ents
to b
e
pro
gre
ssed a
long t
he c
orr
idor
facili
tate
public
tra
nsp
ort
op
tions a
nd m
odal shifts
fro
m p
rivate
ve
hic
les
impro
ved n
etw
ork
connections f
or
the n
ort
h w
est gro
wth
centr
e
impro
ved a
ccessib
ility
alo
ng the
co
rrid
or
- in
clu
din
g f
or
em
erg
ency
serv
ices
impro
ved q
ualit
y o
f lif
e f
or
the r
esid
ents
- s
ocia
l, c
ultura
l a
nd
connectivity
pote
ntial im
pro
ved f
lood im
munity
facili
tate
Bells
Lin
e o
f R
oad
as a
n a
ltern
ative h
ea
vy v
ehic
le r
oute
acro
ss the B
lue
Mo
unta
ins
pote
ntial to
allo
w th
e e
xp
an
sio
n o
f oth
er
serv
ices infr
astr
uctu
re
facili
tate
develo
pm
ent / exp
ansio
n o
f N
ort
h R
ichm
ond -
bro
ad
er
econom
ic s
pin
-off
s
impro
ved r
ea
l esta
te v
alu
es -
with incre
ase
d / im
pro
ved
connectivity o
f
the a
rea to
the
rest of
Sydn
ey
Imp
ort
an
t A
sp
ec
ts
havin
g a
pla
n th
at allo
ws e
asin
g th
e c
urr
ent conge
stion a
s q
uic
kly
as
possib
le -
to
pro
gre
ss s
hort
-term
options
the r
elia
bili
ty o
f th
e m
odelli
ng that
the s
trate
gic
concept d
esig
n is b
ased
up
on
- s
o tha
t th
e d
esig
n s
olu
tion w
ill m
eet re
quir
em
ents
up
to
20
36
-
pic
kin
g u
p o
n p
ote
ntial fu
ture
develo
pm
ents
and
their
im
pacts
on t
raffic
pro
tection o
f heri
tage
valu
es a
long t
he c
orr
idor
reducin
g th
e n
um
ber
of
accid
ents
and
inju
rie
s -
inclu
din
g for
pedestr
ians
and c
yclis
ts
allo
win
g th
e c
om
munity's
com
merc
ial and e
mplo
ym
ent a
ctivitie
s to th
rive
an
d n
ot
be
ad
ve
rse
ly im
pa
cte
d b
y t
he
wo
rks t
o im
pro
ve
th
e t
rave
l
conditio
ns a
long t
he c
orr
idor
avoid
ing s
ubje
cting th
e c
om
munity to 'c
ontinuou
s' w
ork
s a
long t
he c
orr
idor
for
an e
xte
nd
ed p
erio
d
impro
vin
g th
e level of
serv
ice a
long t
he c
orr
idor
what is
don
e f
or
the s
hort
term
- inte
gra
ting w
ith th
e long
-term
str
ate
gy
inte
gra
ting w
ith N
ort
h W
est G
row
th C
en
tre a
nd f
utu
re c
onne
ction to
the
M7 &
Bells
Lin
e o
f R
oad c
orr
idor
reducin
g s
ocia
l is
ola
tion th
rough b
ette
r pub
lic tra
nsp
ort
conne
ctions
heavy h
au
lage a
long t
he c
orr
idor
- m
anag
ing incre
ased f
low
s a
nd
min
imis
ing im
pacts
on t
he local com
munity -
app
recia
ting r
ela
tionship
to
oth
er
pro
jects
alo
ng B
ells
Lin
e o
f R
oad
successfu
lly inte
gra
ting th
e e
nds o
f th
e c
orr
idor
to e
nsure
tra
ffic
conge
stion is n
ot
just shifte
d
pro
tection o
f environm
enta
l, r
iverin
e v
alu
es o
f th
e a
rea
min
imis
ing im
pact on p
ropert
ies
retire
ment
vill
age a
ccessib
ility
and
qua
lity o
f lif
e a
dja
cent to
the
road
corr
idor
the e
xis
ting b
ridge -
str
uctu
ral and
heri
tage
fe
atu
res
urb
an d
esig
n f
eatu
res a
nd
outc
om
es -
vis
ual am
enity a
nd c
hara
cte
r of
the
are
a
the level of
flood im
munity a
long t
he c
orr
idor
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 8
Op
tio
ns
As
se
ss
me
nt
The
part
icip
an
ts
were
o
rganis
ed
into
4
gro
ups
to
undert
ake
the
assessm
ent,
ensurin
g
a
bala
nce
of
com
munity
repre
senta
tion,
ke
y
sta
kehold
ers
, R
oads a
nd M
aritim
e S
erv
ices a
nd t
he S
ME
C t
eam
.
The m
em
bers
of
the S
ME
C t
eam
only
pro
vid
ed i
nfo
rmation f
or
the R
MS
and c
om
munity r
epre
senta
tives to m
ake their a
ssessm
ents
.
Each
gro
up
to
ok re
sponsib
ility
to
assess
the
4
options fo
cusin
g o
n a
part
icu
lar
set
of
the c
rite
ria:
Gro
up 1
: S
afe
ty a
nd
Ro
ad C
apacity
Gro
up 2
: E
nviro
nm
ent and C
ultura
l H
erita
ge
Gro
up 3
: E
ng
ineerin
g
Gro
up 4
: V
isua
l &
Landscap
e, N
ois
e a
nd P
rop
ert
y
The d
escriptions o
f th
e c
rite
ria
are
sho
wn
at
Ap
pen
dix
2,
inclu
din
g t
he
specific
qua
litative a
ssessm
ent com
ments
.
Each g
rou
p u
ndert
ook i
ts a
ssessm
ent
and t
hen
th
is w
as p
resente
d t
o t
he
w
hole
gro
up f
or
cla
rificatio
ns a
nd c
om
ments
. I
n t
his
wa
y t
he w
ho
le g
roup
had o
pport
unity t
o r
ais
e a
ny q
ueri
es,
sugg
est
an
y c
ha
nges a
nd a
s a
wh
ole
gro
up a
ffirm
the r
ela
tive
assessm
ent.
Once t
he
assessm
ent
was d
on
e t
he g
roup
was a
sked t
o r
eflect
on
wh
ere
th
e n
um
ber
‘1s’
were
and
wh
eth
er
or
not
this
would
suggest
an o
vera
ll pre
ferr
ed o
ption
.
Wo
rks
ho
p R
ec
om
me
nd
ati
on
Follo
win
g t
heir f
urt
her
dis
cu
ssio
ns t
he w
ork
shop g
roup w
as a
ble
to m
ake a
re
com
mendatio
n a
s f
ollo
ws.
We r
eco
mm
en
d O
pti
on
D c
orr
ido
r b
ec
au
se:
It g
ives s
up
erior
outc
om
es f
or
the p
rincip
al
obje
ctive
s – i
mpro
ved t
rave
l
conditio
ns and s
afe
ty outc
om
es a
s w
ell
as f
or
accessib
ility
duri
ng f
loo
d
eve
nts
an
d n
etw
ork
inte
gra
tion
;
Bu
t su
bje
ct
to:
Addre
ssin
g
som
e
of
its
environm
enta
l and
possib
le
herita
ge
/
cu
ltura
l
impacts
and
po
ten
tially
im
pro
vin
g
th
e
Yarr
am
und
i La
ne
access
/
functiona
lity.
Althou
gh i
t w
as n
ote
d t
hat
a w
ider
corr
idor
will
im
pact
som
e p
eople
once
off
, but giv
e b
road
er
ben
efits
to m
an
y m
ore
pe
ople
ove
r a lo
nger
peri
od
.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 9
Ke
y A
cti
on
s A
ris
ing
The f
ollo
win
g k
ey a
ctions w
ere
note
d t
o b
e a
ddre
ssed b
y t
he p
roje
ct te
am
:
(The
y a
re n
um
bere
d f
or
refe
rence p
urp
oses o
nly
)
1.
O
ptio
n D
will
ne
ed a
flo
od
access /
majo
r accid
ent
contr
a-f
low
arr
angem
ent fo
r th
e n
ew
ca
rria
ge
wa
y.
2.
H
ann
a P
ark
access n
eeds t
o b
e d
efin
ed t
o a
nd f
rom
the n
ew
ro
ad
wa
y,
inclu
din
g r
equ
ired
sig
na
ge
to d
irect p
eop
le t
o the p
ark
.
3.
In
term
itte
nt
traff
ic
movem
ents
associa
ted
with
sp
ort
ing
and
oth
er
com
munity e
vents
needs t
o b
e i
nclu
ded i
n t
he
modelli
ng
fo
r an
y s
hort
er-
term
solu
tio
ns to th
e c
on
gestion.
4.
T
he m
odelli
ng n
eeds t
o m
ake s
ure
that
the e
nd p
oin
ts o
f th
is
corr
idor
can cope w
ith th
e anticip
ate
d flo
ws and th
e curr
ent
pro
ble
ms a
re n
ot ju
st be
ing
pushe
d to e
ither
end o
f th
e c
orr
idor.
5.
A
ccessib
ility
fo
r p
edestr
ian
s fr
om
th
e re
tire
ment
vill
age to
b
e
cla
rified.
6.
C
ouncil
to r
evie
w t
he l
ocal
traff
ic n
etw
ork
for
the im
pacts
of
the
options e
sp
ecia
lly in r
ela
tio
n to Y
arr
am
undi L
ane
.
7.
P
ost
on-l
ine t
he r
ep
ort
on t
he c
om
munity f
eedb
ack a
s w
ell
as
for
the lo
ng-t
erm
optio
ns.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
0
Ap
pe
nd
ix 1
: W
ork
sh
op
Pa
rtic
ipa
nts
Nam
e
Org
an
isa
tio
n
Y
in Q
ian
D
oIT
Bry
an S
mith
Co
mm
unity r
ep
D
avid
Ma
rsh
all
Co
mm
unity r
ep
M
ela
nie
Ba
urh
en
n
Co
mm
unity r
ep
R
icci G
reen
Co
mm
unity r
ep
V
ene
cia
Wils
on
Co
mm
unity r
ep
A
lan W
he
en
Co
mm
unity r
ep
S
ean
Pe
rry
Ha
wke
sbu
ry C
ity C
oun
cil
Jeff
Org
an
Ha
wke
sbu
ry C
ity C
oun
cil
Ja
cq
ui H
yn
e
Id P
lann
ing
B
ern
ie M
ills
RM
S
D
evik
a S
itin
am
alu
we
R
MS
Fio
na
Cha
n
RM
S
G
reg
Upto
n
RM
S
Ia
n M
acle
od
R
MS
Je
nn
ifer
Gatt
RM
S
L
yn
da
ll T
horn
hill
R
MS
Ra
eb
urn
Cha
pm
an
RM
S
B
rad H
am
ilto
n
SM
EC
Nic
ole
Vu
kic
S
ME
C
P
ete
r S
crive
ns
SM
EC
Ro
drig
o E
str
ada
SM
EC
Sh
an
e H
igg
ins
SM
EC
Sh
au
n N
adin
S
yd
ne
y W
ate
r
Jo
an
n T
ule
tt
TfN
SW
Viv
Ma
nw
aring
T
fNS
W
C
arl N
ug
ent
Tra
ct
W
ork
sh
op
Fa
cilit
ato
r M
ark
Ne
asb
ey
AC
VM
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
1
Invit
ed
bu
t u
na
ble
to
att
en
d:
Lucin
da
McT
agg
art
D
oIT
D
err
yn
Jo
hn
Do
PI
C
hris A
mit
HC
C
D
enis
e W
ilso
n
Id P
lann
ing
B
ruce T
ag
gart
R
MS
H
ilary
Jo
hn
son
R
MS
K
en L
ysa
ug
ht
RM
S
N
eil
Forr
est
RM
S
S
han
e S
ch
ne
ider
RM
S
S
ure
sh
Su
ren
dra
n
RM
S
R
olf L
un
sm
an
n
TfN
SW
G
arr
y J
one
s
RM
S
R
ahm
an M
anju
r R
MS
S
ala
h A
ssi
RM
S
A
lliso
n F
laxm
an
S
ES
D
avid
Hein
s
RM
S
Jo
sep
h F
an
ou
s
RM
S
P
ete
r E
llis
RM
S
P
ete
r C
inq
ue
SE
S
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
2
Ap
pe
nd
ix 2
: O
pti
on
s A
ss
es
sm
en
t C
om
me
nts
Th
e a
sse
ssm
ent
of
the o
ption
s is r
efle
cte
d in
th
e f
ollo
win
g t
able
, w
hic
h a
lso
se
ts o
ut
the a
gre
ed c
rite
ria.
Th
e r
ela
tive
ra
ting
of
the o
ptio
ns is r
efle
cte
d b
y
the w
ork
sh
op
allo
cating
a n
um
ber
from
1 –
bein
g ‘
the b
est’ t
o 4
– b
ein
g ‘
the w
ors
t’.
Th
e c
rite
ria
we
re n
ot
we
igh
ted
as t
he
assessm
ent
wa
s t
o l
oo
k a
t re
lative
me
rit fo
r e
ach
of th
e o
ptio
ns a
nd t
hen t
o d
raw
any c
onclu
sio
ns a
bo
ut th
e o
ptio
ns o
ve
rall.
Cri
teri
on
C
rite
ria
Des
crip
tio
n
Op
tio
n A
O
pti
on
B
Op
tio
n C
O
pti
on
D
Safe
ty
A q
ual
itat
ive
com
par
iso
n o
f th
e o
vera
ll im
pro
vem
ent
to s
afet
y fo
r ea
ch o
pti
on
.
Key
fac
tors
to
co
nsi
der
are
:
Div
ided
car
riag
ew
ays
for
80
km/h
zo
nes
, pro
tect
ed
turn
bay
s, s
ign
al c
on
tro
l wit
h p
edes
tria
n c
ross
ing
fa
cilit
ies
at in
ters
ecti
on
s, s
afe
ty b
arri
ers,
off
ro
ad
shar
ed p
ath
s.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
be
on
e th
at
pro
vid
es t
he
grea
test
imp
rove
men
t to
saf
ety.
con
tra
flo
w s
yste
m –
saf
ety
of
shar
ed p
ath
is a
lso
th
e sa
me;
op
erat
ion
al r
isks
an
d
OH
&S
haz
ard
s co
mp
ared
to
th
e o
ther
op
tio
ns
wh
ich
h
ave
du
al c
arri
age
way
s
4
2
thes
e co
uld
be
safe
r if
un
con
tro
lled
RT’
s w
ere
rem
ove
d (
and
m
ade
sam
e as
op
tio
n
D)
at Y
arra
mu
nd
i La
ne
inte
rse
ctio
n
2
thes
e co
uld
be
safe
r if
un
con
tro
lled
RT’
s w
ere
rem
ove
d (
and
m
ade
sam
e as
op
tio
n
D)
at Y
arra
mu
nd
i La
ne
inte
rse
ctio
n
1
rem
ove
s cr
oss
-ove
r m
ove
men
ts o
f th
e ca
rria
gew
ay; r
edu
ced
n
um
ber
of
mo
vem
ents
of
RT’
s ac
ross
op
po
sin
g tr
affi
c at
Yar
ram
un
di L
ane;
safe
ty a
t Ya
rram
un
di L
ane
inte
rse
ctio
n is
see
n t
o
imp
rove
as
som
e o
f th
e m
ove
men
ts a
t Ya
rram
un
di
are
rem
ove
d
Pro
visi
on
of
off
ro
ad s
har
ed p
ath
fac
iliti
es
and
saf
er
cro
ssin
g lo
cati
on
s (m
id b
lock
an
d w
ith
sig
nal
co
ntr
ol
at in
ters
ecti
on
s).
Safe
ty o
n t
he
shar
ed p
ath
way
.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
be
on
e th
at
pro
vid
es t
he
grea
test
imp
rove
men
t to
saf
ety.
on
es o
ver
& u
nd
er e
xist
ing
bri
dge
req
uir
ed
4
1
shar
ed p
ath
on
d
ow
nst
ream
sid
e o
f b
rid
ge c
on
nec
ts w
ith
p
ath
on
sam
e si
de
of
new
car
riag
eway
1
1
Ove
rall
for
Safe
ty
4
2
2
1
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
3
Cri
teri
on
C
rite
ria
Des
crip
tio
n
Op
tio
n A
O
pti
on
B
Op
tio
n C
O
pti
on
D
Ro
ad
cap
acit
y
A q
ual
itat
ive
asse
ssm
ent
of
the
imp
rove
men
t to
co
nge
stio
n p
rovi
ded
by
the
op
tio
n w
hen
co
mp
ared
ag
ain
st a
‘Do
no
thin
g’ s
cen
ario
.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
be
on
e th
at p
rovi
des
th
e b
est
po
ssib
le r
edu
ctio
n in
tra
ffic
co
nge
stio
n.
Pro
vid
es b
ette
r in
tegr
atio
n w
ith
lon
g-te
rm r
egio
nal
n
etw
ork
.
set-
up
an
d p
ull
do
wn
of
con
tra
flo
w s
yste
m im
pac
tin
g o
n t
rave
l tim
es; a
lso
lan
e m
ergi
ng
an is
sue;
ou
tsid
e o
f p
eak
per
iod
s n
o c
on
tra
flo
w
wit
h in
crea
sed
co
nge
stio
n;
4
2
2
1
rem
ove
s cr
oss
-ove
r /
righ
t tu
rn m
ove
men
ts t
her
efo
re
mo
re c
on
tro
l at
Yarr
amu
nd
i La
ne
inte
rsec
tio
n –
lead
ing
to
less
co
nge
stio
n;
A q
ual
itat
ive
asse
ssm
ent
of
the
imp
rove
men
t to
tra
vel
tim
e p
rovi
ded
by
the
op
tio
n w
hen
co
mp
ared
aga
inst
a
‘Do
no
thin
g’ s
cen
ario
.
Pro
vid
es b
ette
r p
ub
lic t
ran
spo
rt in
tegr
atio
n a
nd
ti
me
tab
le p
erfo
rman
ce.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
be
on
e th
at p
rovi
des
th
e b
est
po
ssib
le im
pro
vem
ent
to t
rave
l tim
e.
set-
up
an
d p
ull
do
wn
of
con
tra
flo
w s
yste
m im
pac
tin
g o
n t
rave
l tim
es; a
lso
lan
e m
ergi
ng
an is
sue;
4
2
2
1
imp
rove
d (
mar
gin
ally
) fl
ow
co
mp
ared
to
B &
C d
ue
to
the
rest
rict
ed m
ove
men
ts a
t Ya
rram
un
di L
ane
inte
rse
ctio
n;
Min
imis
ing
the
rest
rict
ion
of
turn
ing
mo
vem
ents
on
to
and
off
th
e co
rrid
or
and
pro
vid
ing
safe
r fa
cilit
ies
(TC
S o
r sh
elte
red
tu
rnin
g b
ays)
.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
be
on
e th
at p
rovi
des
th
e gr
eate
st im
pro
vem
ent
to s
afet
y.
A d
edic
ated
rig
ht
turn
bay
fo
r ea
stb
ou
nd
tra
ffic
on
K
urr
ajo
ng
Ro
ad t
o a
cces
s O
ld K
urr
ajo
ng
Ro
ad /
Ya
rram
un
di l
ane
will
als
o b
e p
rovi
ded
.
1
no
ch
ange
to
cu
rren
t m
ove
men
ts a
t Ya
rram
un
di
Lan
e in
ters
ecti
on
1
no
ch
ange
to
cu
rren
t m
ove
men
ts a
t Ya
rram
un
di L
ane
inte
rsec
tio
n
1
no
ch
ange
to
cu
rren
t m
ove
men
ts a
t Ya
rram
un
di L
ane
inte
rsec
tio
n
red
uce
d t
raff
ic m
ove
men
ts a
t Ya
rram
un
di L
ane
inte
rsec
tio
n
will
hav
e a
neg
ativ
e im
pac
t
4
Re
gio
nal
Ne
two
rk P
lan
nin
g /
Inte
grat
ion
Co
ntr
a fl
ow
tra
ffic
imp
acts
an
d n
o e
xtra
flo
od
imm
un
ity
– so
no
reg
ion
al n
etw
ork
im
pro
vem
ent;
4
No
ext
ra f
loo
d
imm
un
ity
so n
o
regi
on
al n
etw
ork
im
pro
vem
ent;
3
2
bet
ter
flo
od
imm
un
ity
imp
rove
s re
gio
nal
n
etw
ork
co
nn
ecti
vity
;
1
give
s b
est
regi
on
al n
etw
ork
in
tegr
atio
n d
ue
to im
pro
ved
fl
oo
d im
mu
nit
y co
mb
ined
w
ith
max
imu
m c
orr
ido
r ca
pac
ity;
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
4
Cri
teri
on
C
rite
ria
Des
crip
tio
n
Op
tio
n A
O
pti
on
B
Op
tio
n C
O
pti
on
D
Pu
blic
Tra
nsp
ort
Inte
grat
ion
Co
ntr
a fl
ow
off
pea
k o
nly
1
lan
e th
eref
ore
hig
her
ch
ance
s o
f p
ub
lic t
ran
spo
rt d
elay
s;
4
1
imp
rove
s ab
ility
to
m
ain
tain
an
d in
crea
se
pu
blic
tra
nsp
ort
se
rvic
es t
hro
ugh
th
e co
rrid
or
incl
ud
ing
at
pea
k ti
mes
;
1
imp
rove
s ab
ility
to
m
ain
tain
an
d in
crea
se
pu
blic
tra
nsp
ort
se
rvic
es t
hro
ugh
th
e co
rrid
or
incl
ud
ing
at
pea
k ti
mes
;
1
imp
rove
s ab
ility
to
mai
nta
in
and
incr
ease
pu
blic
tra
nsp
ort
se
rvic
es t
hro
ugh
th
e co
rrid
or
incl
ud
ing
at p
eak
tim
es;
Ove
rall
for
Ro
ad C
apac
ity
4
3
1
imp
rove
d s
afet
y an
d
cap
acit
y; a
lso
pro
vid
e b
ette
r fl
oo
d im
mu
nit
y so
inte
grat
e b
ette
r w
ith
reg
ion
al n
etw
ork
1
acce
ssib
ility
per
form
s o
nly
at
4 -
nee
d t
o g
et b
ett
er
acce
ssib
ility
at
Yarr
amu
nd
i La
ne;
als
o p
rovi
de
bet
ter
flo
od
imm
un
ity
so in
tegr
ate
bet
ter
wit
h r
egio
nal
net
wo
rk
Vis
ual
an
d
lan
dsc
ape
This
mea
sure
aim
s to
pro
vid
e an
ind
icat
ion
of
the
visu
al im
pac
t o
f th
e p
rop
ose
d b
rid
ge o
pti
on
s w
hen
co
mp
ared
to
th
e cu
rren
t si
tuat
ion
.
Hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
ns
wo
uld
pro
vid
e a
des
ign
th
at e
ith
er m
ain
tain
s a
view
do
wn
stre
am o
f th
e ri
ver
(fro
m t
he
exis
tin
g b
rid
ge)
or
pro
vid
es
a b
rid
ge
stru
ctu
re t
hat
min
imis
es
any
dis
rup
tio
n o
f th
is v
iew
.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
is o
ne
that
wo
uld
hav
e th
e le
ast
visu
al a
nd
ph
ysic
al im
pac
t o
n t
he
bu
ilt a
nd
n
atu
ral v
alu
es o
f th
e co
rrid
or.
Po
ten
tial
imp
rove
d v
ista
s -
off
erin
g b
ette
r vi
ew
s.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
is t
he
on
e th
at p
rovi
des
th
e gr
eate
st o
pp
ort
un
itie
s to
str
engt
hen
an
d
imp
rove
th
e vi
sual
am
enit
y an
d la
nd
scap
ed v
alu
es /
ch
arac
ter
of
the
corr
ido
r.
1
leas
t vi
sual
imp
act
mai
nta
ins
do
wn
stre
am
vie
ws;
sti
ll im
pac
ts t
ho
ugh
o
n H
ann
a P
ark
new
bri
dge
; ex
ten
sio
n -
wo
uld
imp
rove
o
vera
ll vi
ew
s o
f b
rid
ge
ele
vati
on
fro
m d
ow
nst
ream
;
blo
cks
view
s d
ow
nst
ream
fro
m
exis
tin
g b
rid
ge b
ut
crea
tes
grea
ter
view
s fr
om
th
e n
ew
bri
dge
; m
ain
tain
s a
nar
row
co
rrid
or
thro
ugh
th
e co
mm
un
ity;
ne
eds
to
be
des
ign
ed t
o b
e sy
mp
ath
etic
to
th
e ex
isti
ng
bri
dge
;
4
3
par
tial
ly b
lock
s vi
ew
s /
fram
es
and
vie
ws
un
der
th
e b
rid
ge;
gain
new
vie
ws
fro
m
the
exis
tin
g b
rid
ge;
1
fram
es
vie
ws
do
wn
stre
am
(can
se
e u
nd
er it
); g
reat
ly
imp
rove
d v
iew
s fr
om
th
e n
ew b
rid
ge (
hig
her
leve
l);
imp
rove
d v
iew
s ac
ross
th
e fl
oo
dp
lain
fro
m t
he
ne
w
alig
nm
ent;
vis
ual
imp
acts
al
on
g fl
oo
d p
lain
fo
r tr
avel
lers
alo
ng
the
rou
te -
b
lock
s vi
ews
fro
m t
he
exis
tin
g ro
ad; a
dd
itio
nal
va
nta
ge p
oin
ts a
chie
ved
by
new
bri
dge
;
N
B:
the
sket
ches
pro
vid
ed a
re c
on
sid
ered
mis
lea
din
g in
ter
ms
of
the
ap
pa
ren
t p
ylo
n b
ulk
ines
s &
ass
oci
ate
d v
isu
al i
mp
act
s;
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
5
Cri
teri
on
C
rite
ria
Des
crip
tio
n
Op
tio
n A
O
pti
on
B
Op
tio
n C
O
pti
on
D
No
ise
Ther
e is
a c
orr
elat
ion
bet
we
en
th
is c
rite
rio
n a
nd
th
e o
ccu
rren
ce o
f (L
max
) n
ois
e le
vels
du
e to
tru
ck n
ois
e co
mp
ress
ion
bra
kin
g as
soci
ated
wit
h s
teep
er g
rad
es.
A
hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
n w
ou
ld h
ave
a sh
ort
er
ove
rall
len
gth
of
ste
ep g
rad
es.
Th
ese
incl
ud
e sc
ho
ols
, p
lace
s o
f w
ors
hip
etc
.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
imp
act
less
on
co
mm
un
ity
faci
litie
s.
Mar
gin
al in
crea
ses
in n
ois
e o
nly
; im
pac
ts f
rom
tru
cks
and
no
ise
fro
m c
on
cret
e b
arri
ers?
3
mar
gin
al in
crea
ses
in
no
ise
on
ly w
ith
ac
cele
rati
on
/
dec
eler
atio
n o
n a
nd
o
ff t
he
low
er b
rid
ge;
3
1
mo
re c
ar n
ois
e b
ut
less
tru
ck n
ois
e -
ove
rall
neu
tral
;
2
slig
htl
y m
ore
no
ise
thro
ugh
th
e fl
oo
d p
lain
fro
m t
he
ele
vate
d r
oad
;
Pro
pe
rty
This
ind
icat
es
less
eco
no
mic
dis
rup
tio
n w
ith
in t
he
stu
dy
area
.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
hav
e a
low
er
nu
mb
er o
f b
usi
ne
sses
aff
ect
ed
.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
will
hav
e le
ss im
pac
t an
d
req
uir
emen
t fo
r p
rop
erty
acq
uis
itio
n t
her
efo
re h
ave
a lo
wer
are
a o
f la
nd
acq
uis
itio
n.
Ho
we
ver,
re
sid
enti
al/b
usi
nes
s/ c
om
mer
cial
lan
d w
ill
be
mo
re v
alu
able
th
an r
ura
l/ f
loo
d p
lain
lan
d.
M
inim
ise
s o
r av
oid
s p
rop
erti
es
of
com
mu
nit
y si
gnif
ican
ce.
As
a re
sult
a h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
w
ou
ld a
lso
hav
e le
ss im
pac
t o
n r
esid
enti
al/b
usi
nes
s/
com
mer
cial
lan
d.
Aff
ect
on
bu
sin
esse
s al
so in
re
lati
on
to
acc
essi
bili
ty /
d
isru
pti
on
in g
ener
al.
1
mai
nta
in n
arro
w c
orr
ido
r -
so m
inim
ises
pro
per
ty
imp
acts
;
1
mai
nta
in n
arro
w
corr
ido
r -
so
min
imis
es
pro
per
ty
imp
acts
;
incr
ease
of
foo
tpri
nt
- so
aff
ects
mo
re
pro
per
ty;
3
slig
htl
y in
crea
se o
f fo
otp
rin
t -
as it
aff
ects
mo
re
pro
per
ties
th
an t
he
oth
er
op
tio
ns;
4
NB
: im
pa
cts
thro
ug
h R
ich
mo
nd
an
d N
ort
h R
ich
mo
nd
are
see
n t
o b
e th
e sa
me
for
all
of
the
op
tio
ns
so t
hes
e h
ave
no
t b
een
co
nsi
de
red
as
a d
iffe
ren
tia
tin
g f
act
or
bet
wee
n t
he
op
tio
ns.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
6
Envi
ron
me
nt
and
cu
ltu
ral
he
rita
ge
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
hav
e a
low
er
imp
act
on
th
e ar
chae
olo
gy.
Pre
sen
ce o
f ar
chae
olo
gy a
dja
cen
t to
th
e ro
ad.
1
as a
bo
ve p
lus
even
th
ou
gh g
reat
er im
pac
t o
n w
oo
den
bri
dge
th
ere
is
po
ten
tial
to
mit
igat
e im
pac
ts o
n e
xist
ing
wo
od
en
bri
dge
1
as a
bo
ve p
lus
even
th
ou
gh g
reat
er
imp
act
on
wo
od
en
bri
dge
th
ere
is
po
ten
tial
to
mit
igat
e im
pac
ts o
n e
xist
ing
wo
od
en b
rid
ge
3
larg
er f
oo
tpri
nt
so
po
ten
tial
ly a
bro
ader
eff
ect
4
This
cri
teri
on
acc
ou
nts
fo
r p
ote
nti
al a
ffe
cts
to f
lora
an
d f
aun
a in
clu
din
g th
reat
ened
sp
ecie
s an
d
terr
ito
rial
an
imal
s. W
her
e ri
par
ian
flo
ra a
nd
fau
na
has
bee
n m
app
ed, t
his
will
als
o b
e in
clu
ded
. A
hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
n w
ou
ld h
ave
a lo
wer
n
um
ber
an
d a
rea
(ha)
imp
acte
d.
1
1
3
po
ten
tial
imp
acts
on
fro
gs
and
Han
na
Par
k 4
The
cult
ura
l her
itag
e ev
alu
atio
n in
clu
des
Ab
ori
gin
al
and
no
n-
Ab
ori
gin
al s
ites
. A
hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
n w
ou
ld h
ave
a lo
wer
n
um
ber
an
d t
her
efo
re in
dic
ate
a lo
wer
dis
turb
ance
o
f cu
ltu
ral h
erit
age
site
s.
No
n-A
bo
rigi
nal
2
bas
ed o
n in
form
atio
n
curr
entl
y av
aila
ble
(fu
rth
er
surv
eys
are
ne
eded
)
Ab
ori
gin
al 4
No
n-A
bo
rigi
nal
/
Bu
ilt H
erit
age
3
bas
ed o
n in
form
atio
n
curr
entl
y av
aila
ble
(f
urt
her
su
rvey
s ar
e n
eed
ed)
Ab
ori
gin
al 4
No
n-A
bo
rigi
nal
/
Bu
ilt H
erit
age
3
bas
ed o
n in
form
atio
n
curr
entl
y av
aila
ble
(f
urt
her
su
rvey
s ar
e n
eed
ed)
Ab
ori
gin
al 4
bas
ed o
n in
form
atio
n
curr
entl
y av
aila
ble
(fu
rth
er
surv
eys
are
ne
eded
) at
trac
t gr
eate
r tr
affi
c vo
lum
es
par
ticu
larl
y h
eavy
veh
icle
s
Ab
ori
gin
al 4
N
on
-Ab
ori
gin
al /
Bu
ilt
Her
itag
e 4
Ove
rall
for
Envi
ron
men
t an
d H
erit
age
1
less
er f
oo
tpri
nt;
less
tra
ffic
d
ue
to c
on
tra
flo
w
arra
nge
men
t (3
lan
es v
s. 4
)
2
3
larg
est
foo
tpri
nt;
like
ly t
o
hav
e gr
eate
st im
pac
t o
n
envi
ron
men
tal v
alu
es;
la
rges
t fo
otp
rin
t ac
ross
th
e ri
ver;
eff
ect
s o
n H
ann
a P
ark
4
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
7
Engi
ne
eri
ng
This
cri
teri
on
nee
ds
to b
e as
sess
ed q
ual
itat
ive
ly.
It in
clu
des
asp
ect
s o
f co
nst
ruct
ion
tec
hn
iqu
es
incl
ud
ing
traf
fic
man
agem
ent,
mo
vem
ent
of
con
stru
ctio
n m
ater
ials
th
rou
gh t
he
stu
dy
area
, eas
e o
f b
rid
ge c
on
stru
ctio
n, n
ois
e, d
ust
, en
viro
nm
enta
l m
anag
emen
t st
rate
gie
s, g
eolo
gica
l co
nsi
der
atio
ns
and
co
nst
ruct
ion
pro
gram
. A
hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
n w
ou
ld b
e o
ne
that
is
per
ceiv
ed t
o b
e a
mo
re c
on
stru
ctib
le d
esig
n.
imp
acts
on
tra
ffic
m
anag
emen
t; in
crea
sed
co
nst
ruct
ion
wit
hin
w
ater
way
; bu
ildin
g ad
jace
nt
to e
xist
ing
stru
ctu
re; a
lrea
dy
con
stra
ined
loca
tio
n t
o b
uild
in
; ove
rall
bu
ild t
ime
may
be
1-2
yea
rs; m
ore
dif
ficu
lt t
o
con
stru
ct c
om
par
ed t
o t
he
oth
er o
pti
on
s; m
od
ific
atio
ns
nec
ess
ary
to t
he
exis
tin
g st
ruct
ure
- r
elo
cati
on
of
the
wat
er m
ain
als
o a
d
isad
van
tage
; po
ssib
ly t
he
chea
pes
t to
bu
ild;
du
stie
st
affe
ctin
g tr
affi
c ad
jace
nt;
in
crea
sed
pili
ng
in t
he
rive
r;
safe
ty o
f ex
isti
ng
stru
ctu
re
du
rin
g co
nst
ruct
ion
- p
ilin
g ac
tivi
tie
s; a
ny
pro
ble
ms
wit
h
the
exis
tin
g b
rid
ge w
ou
ld
hav
e to
be
add
ress
ed w
ith
n
ew b
rid
ge c
on
stru
ctio
n
alo
ngs
ide;
4
a b
igge
r st
ruct
ure
co
mp
ared
to
op
tio
n
A; t
ie-i
ns
- co
nge
stio
n
cau
sed
by
clo
se
pro
xim
ity
- im
pac
ts
on
loca
l co
mm
un
ity
3
1
slig
htl
y sh
ort
er
bri
dge
; le
ss m
ater
ial
req
uir
ed t
o b
e u
sed
(b
rou
ght
into
th
e co
rrid
or)
; po
ten
tial
si
te s
tora
ge a
reas
aw
ay f
rom
th
e co
rrid
or
and
so
less
co
nst
ruct
ion
tra
ffic
im
pac
t;
2
mo
re s
pac
e an
d la
rger
st
ruct
ure
s fo
r o
pti
on
s C
&D
; gr
eate
r im
pac
ts o
n t
he
wh
ole
of
the
alig
nm
ent;
se
par
atio
n a
nd
wo
rkin
g o
ff-
line
is a
ben
efi
t fo
r o
pti
on
s C
&D
; ap
pro
ach
ro
ads
on
n
ort
her
n s
ide
will
hav
e an
im
pac
t o
n e
xist
ing
pro
per
ty
and
par
k -
sou
th s
ide
no
t su
ch a
big
issu
e; a
cces
s fr
om
ex
isti
ng
pro
per
ties
du
rin
g co
nst
ruct
ion
will
be
an
issu
e; o
pti
on
s C
&D
invo
lve
less
wo
rk w
ith
in t
he
rive
r w
hic
h is
a b
on
us;
can
oe
lau
nch
ing
wh
arf
may
nee
d
to b
e re
loca
ted
to
fac
ilita
te
op
tio
ns
C&
D; a
cces
s to
th
e p
ark
wo
uld
be
wo
rst
wit
h
op
tio
ns
C&
D; e
asie
r fu
ture
co
nst
ruct
ion
of
ano
ther
bri
dge
in o
pti
on
s C
&D
;
Engi
ne
eri
ng
Imp
rovi
ng
the
flo
od
imm
un
ity
and
mai
nta
inin
g fl
oo
d
acce
ss a
lon
g th
e co
rrid
or
for
a 1
:5yr
AR
I flo
od
eve
nt.
A
hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
n w
ou
ld im
pro
ve a
cces
s d
uri
ng
flo
od
eve
nts
an
d m
inim
ise
the
soci
al a
nd
ec
on
om
ic im
pac
ts.
3
exis
tin
g b
rid
ge le
vel b
elo
w
the
1:5
3
1
abo
ve t
he
1:5
1
abo
ve t
he
1:5
Imp
rovi
ng
the
flo
od
imm
un
ity
and
mai
nta
inin
g fl
oo
d
acce
ss a
lon
g th
e co
rrid
or
for
a 1
:20
yr A
RI f
loo
d
even
t.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
wo
uld
imp
rove
acc
ess
du
rin
g fl
oo
d e
ven
ts a
nd
min
imis
e th
e so
cial
an
d
eco
no
mic
imp
acts
.
3
3
2
1
on
ly o
pti
on
th
at a
chie
ves
1:2
0
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
8
Engi
ne
eri
ng
(co
nt.
)
This
is a
qu
alit
ativ
e as
sess
me
nt
for
each
op
tio
n
agai
nst
th
e d
egre
e an
d e
ase
of
mai
nte
nan
ce o
f b
rid
ge s
tru
ctu
res.
A
hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
n w
ou
ld b
e o
ne
that
wo
uld
b
e ea
sier
to
mai
nta
in a
nd
min
imis
es lo
ng-
term
ro
ad
op
erat
ing
cost
s.
add
ing
com
plic
atio
n t
o
mai
nte
nan
ce o
f ex
isti
ng
stru
ctu
re;
mo
st d
iffi
cult
wit
h
add
itio
n o
f a
lon
gitu
din
al
join
t; h
eigh
t ac
cess
to
dec
k an
d p
iers
fo
r m
ain
ten
ance
n
ot
real
ly a
ny
dif
fere
nce
ac
ross
th
e o
pti
on
s; a
cce
ss t
o
A t
ho
ugh
wo
uld
be
an
on
goin
g is
sue
4
3
1
bri
dge
len
gth
a b
it
sho
rter
th
an f
or
op
tio
n D
2
This
is a
qu
alit
ativ
e as
sess
me
nt
for
each
op
tio
n
agai
nst
th
e d
egre
e an
d e
ase
of
mai
nte
nan
ce o
f th
e ro
ad c
arri
agew
ay a
nd
ass
oci
ated
str
uct
ure
s.
A h
igh
er p
erfo
rmin
g o
pti
on
will
be
on
e th
at w
ou
ld
be
easi
er t
o m
ain
tain
an
d m
inim
ises
lon
g-te
rm r
oad
o
per
atin
g co
sts.
lack
of
flex
ibili
ty w
ith
th
is
alig
nm
ent
3
1
new
bri
dge
ne
w
alig
nm
ent
- sm
alle
st
add
itio
nal
new
st
ruct
ura
l ele
men
ts
2
larg
est
sch
em
e w
ith
mo
st
infr
astr
uct
ure
to
be
mai
nta
ined
3
Lon
g-te
rm o
per
atio
nal
co
st
cost
of
do
ing
the
con
tra-
flo
w s
yste
m 4
1
1
1
Ove
rall
for
engi
nee
rin
g 4
3
1
2
Pro
ject
C
apit
al C
ost
Ro
ute
op
tio
ns
cost
s w
ill r
epre
sen
t th
e lik
ely
tota
l p
roje
ct c
ost
fo
r ea
ch o
pti
on
, in
clu
din
g al
low
ance
s fo
r d
esig
n, p
roje
ct d
eve
lop
men
t co
sts
incu
rred
by
RM
S,
lan
d a
cqu
isit
ion
, lit
igat
ion
me
asu
res
etc.
A
hig
her
per
form
ing
op
tio
n w
ou
ld h
ave
a lo
wer
ca
pit
al c
ost
.
1
bas
e ca
se
1
1.0
5X
bas
ecas
e
3
1.6
xbas
eca
se
3
1.7
xbas
eca
se
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 1
9
Ap
pe
nd
ix 3
: B
ac
kg
rou
nd
In
form
ati
on
& T
he
Pri
ncip
al O
pti
on
s
The ‘R
ichm
ond B
ridge a
nd A
ppro
aches C
on
gestion
S
tud
y’
is a corr
idor
options
stu
dy
fun
de
d
by
the
Austr
alia
n
Go
vern
men
t to
addre
ss
traff
ic
congestion o
n R
ichm
ond B
ridge a
nd i
ts a
ppro
ach r
oa
ds a
nd t
o r
eserv
e a
ro
ad c
orr
idor
for
futu
re tra
ffic
needs.
Ric
hm
ond B
ridge
an
d its
appro
ach r
oads c
om
prise a
tw
o-la
ne (
one lan
e in
each d
irection)
config
ura
tio
n.
Ric
hm
ond B
rid
ge is l
iste
d o
n t
he R
MS
S17
0
Herita
ge
an
d
Conserv
atio
n
Regis
ter
as
an
item
of
sig
nific
ant
sta
te
herita
ge.
The t
ow
n o
f R
ichm
ond is a
lso a
Ma
cquarie t
ow
n im
port
ant
for
its
str
eets
capes
an
d
heri
tage
chara
cte
r.
T
he
corr
idor
com
prisin
g
Marc
h
Str
eet,
K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad,
and B
ells
Lin
e of
Road,
betw
ee
n E
ast
Mark
et
Str
eet,
R
ichm
ond
and
Gro
se
Vale
R
oa
d,
Nort
h
Ric
hm
ond
curr
ently
experie
nces t
raff
ic c
ongestion issues e
astb
oun
d in t
he
morn
ing (
AM
) peak
perio
d a
nd w
estb
oun
d i
n t
he a
ftern
oo
n/e
ve
nin
g (
PM
) peak p
eriod.
The
Ric
hm
ond B
rid
ge is locate
d t
o t
he w
este
rn e
nd o
f th
e s
tud
y a
rea a
nd is t
he
only
H
aw
kesbury
R
iver
cro
ssin
g serv
ing th
e re
sid
entia
l are
as of
Nort
h
Ric
hm
ond,
Kurr
ajo
ng,
Bilp
in a
nd B
ell.
T
he r
oads a
ppro
achin
g t
he
bri
dge
com
prise a
tw
o-w
ay,
two
-la
ne c
onfig
ura
tion.
The A
ustr
alia
n G
overn
ment
has p
rovid
ed f
und
ing t
o R
MS
to u
ndert
ake a
str
ate
gic
conce
pt
options s
tud
y t
o d
eve
lop s
uitab
le o
ptions t
hat
ad
dre
ss
the t
raff
ic c
ongestion i
ssu
e i
n o
rder
to r
eserv
e a
ro
ad c
orr
idor
for
futu
re
traff
ic n
eeds in t
he v
icin
ity o
f th
e e
xis
ting b
rid
ge.
The s
tud
y h
as b
een s
plit
in
to tw
o sta
ges.
S
tage 1
w
as com
ple
ted b
y H
yd
er
Consultin
g P
ty L
td
(Hyder)
a
nd
iden
tifie
d
sh
ort
-term
str
ate
gie
s
to
ad
dre
ss
the
congestion
issue
(up
to
2021).
Sta
ge
2
curr
ently
bein
g
und
ert
aken
by
SM
EC
(A
ustr
alia
) P
ty L
td (
SM
EC
) on b
eha
lf o
f R
MS
ide
ntifies lon
g-t
erm
options t
o
addre
ss c
ong
estio
n (
be
yo
nd 2
021 t
o 2
036).
As p
art
of
revie
win
g a
nd a
dd
ressin
g t
he c
on
gestion issue,
Hyder
assessed
the p
erf
orm
ance o
f R
ichm
ond B
ridge
an
d i
ts a
ppro
aches a
nd d
evelo
pe
d
short
-term
(up t
o 2
021)
so
lutions t
o t
raff
ic c
ongestion
alo
ng t
he c
orr
idor.
T
he S
tag
e 1 pro
posa
ls d
eve
loped in
clu
ded in
ters
ection tr
eatm
ents
a
nd
lo
calis
ed m
easure
s s
uch a
s t
he r
em
oval
of
on
-str
eet
park
ing d
uri
ng p
eak
perio
ds.
In J
uly
20
12 a
co
nsultation w
ork
shop w
as h
eld
with m
em
bers
of
the p
ublic
to
pre
sen
t th
e S
tag
e 1
pro
posals
.
This
foru
m w
as a
lso u
se
d t
o g
ath
er
info
rmation f
rom
the p
ublic
with r
eg
ard
to
lo
ng
-term
solu
tio
ns.
T
his
in
form
ation
has
bee
n
consid
ere
d
in
the
refinem
ent
of
the str
ate
gic
concept
options de
ve
lop
ed fo
r th
e lo
ng
-term
m
easure
s f
or
Sta
ge 2
. F
igure
1 o
n t
he f
ollo
win
g p
ag
e s
ho
ws t
he
location
of
Ric
hm
ond.
Pro
ject
Ju
stif
ica
tio
n
Urb
an expa
nsio
n and la
nd use changes in
nort
h-w
este
rn S
yd
ne
y h
ave
contr
ibu
ted
to
the
traff
ic
gro
wth
on
the
exis
ting
road
netw
ork
.
Conseq
uently,
durin
g
morn
ing
an
d
aft
ern
oon
peak
peri
ods,
Ric
hm
ond
Brid
ge a
nd its
appro
ach r
oads b
etw
een E
ast
Mark
et
Str
eet,
Ric
hm
ond a
nd
Gro
se V
ale
Road,
Nort
h R
ichm
ond e
xperi
ence
tra
ffic
congestion
.
The L
eve
l of
Serv
ice a
lon
g t
his
section
of
road i
s b
elo
w t
he
avera
ge f
or
sim
ilar
roads i
n S
ydn
ey a
nd w
ill w
ors
en w
itho
ut
incre
ases i
n t
he c
ap
acity
of
the corr
idor
to addre
ss pro
jecte
d fu
ture
de
ve
lop
ment
in th
e are
a.
In
add
itio
n
consid
era
tio
n
ha
s
been
giv
en
to
the
op
port
un
ity
to
develo
p
options t
hat
pro
vid
e a
hig
her
leve
l of
floo
d i
mm
unity t
here
by r
educin
g t
he
impact of floods a
nd a
ssocia
ted a
ccess r
estr
iction o
n t
he local co
mm
unity.
Pro
ject
Ov
erv
iew
Ric
hm
ond i
s a
to
wn a
bo
ut
65 k
ilom
etr
es n
ort
h w
est
of
the S
yd
ne
y C
BD
and
loca
ted
in
the
Ha
wkesbury
C
ity
Co
uncil
loca
l govern
ment
are
a.
Ric
hm
ond B
ridg
e s
pans t
he H
aw
kesbury
R
iver
con
nectin
g t
he t
ow
ns o
f R
ichm
ond to
th
e east
an
d N
ort
h R
ichm
ond to
th
e w
est.
T
he corr
idor
com
prisin
g M
arc
h S
treet,
Kurr
ajo
ng
Roa
d,
and
Be
lls L
ine o
f R
oad (
Be
lls
Lin
e o
f R
oad)
betw
een e
astb
oun
d i
n t
he m
orn
ing
(A
M)
pe
ak p
eriod
an
d
westb
ou
nd in t
he a
ftern
oon
/evenin
g (
PM
) p
eak p
eriod
.
The A
ustr
alia
n G
overn
ment
has p
rovid
ed f
un
din
g t
o R
oads a
nd
Mari
tim
e
Serv
ices (
RM
S)
to u
ndert
ake a
stu
dy t
o i
nvestig
ate
the t
raff
ic c
ongestion
issue in th
e s
hort
and lo
ng t
erm
s.
The purp
ose of
the s
tud
y i
s t
o d
eve
lop s
uitab
le options t
o a
ddre
ss t
he
traff
ic c
ongestion i
ssue i
n t
he s
hort
(201
6-2
02
1)
term
(S
tage 1
) an
d t
he
lon
g (
20
21
-20
36)
term
(S
tage 2
).
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
0
Pro
ject
ob
ject
ive
s
The obje
ctives of
the stu
dy are
to
im
pro
ve tr
ave
l conditio
ns and ro
ad
safe
ty alo
ng th
e corr
idor
betw
een R
ichm
ond an
d N
ort
h R
ichm
ond.
To
support
these
obje
ctives,
the f
ollo
win
g a
dditio
na
l o
bje
ctives a
lso n
eed
to
be s
atisfied b
y th
e s
tud
y:
Ensure
the
op
era
tion
of
Ric
hm
ond B
ridg
e a
nd
its
app
roaches c
an
be m
ain
tain
ed d
uri
ng
constr
uction.
Main
tain
/im
pro
ve th
e a
ccessib
ility
of
Ric
hm
ond B
rid
ge.
Min
imis
e t
he i
mpacts
on t
he
built
an
d n
atu
ral
en
viro
nm
ent
alo
ng
the r
ou
te.
Min
imis
e the p
roje
ct
who
le o
f lif
e c
ost.
Stu
dy
Are
a
The s
tud
y a
rea i
nclu
des t
he c
orr
idor
com
prisin
g M
arc
h S
tree
t, K
urr
ajo
ng
Road,
and
Be
lls
Lin
e
of
Road
and
exte
nds
from
E
ast
Mark
et
Str
eet,
Ric
hm
ond t
o G
rose V
ale
Road,
Nort
h R
ichm
ond i
nclu
din
g t
he R
ichm
ond
Brid
ge.
The R
ichm
ond B
ridge i
s l
ocate
d t
o t
he w
este
rn e
nd o
f th
e s
tud
y
are
a an
d is
th
e o
nly
H
aw
kesbury
R
iver
cro
ssin
g se
rvin
g th
e re
sid
en
tia
l are
as
of
Nort
h
Ric
hm
ond,
Kurr
ajo
ng,
Bilp
in
an
d
Be
ll.
The
roads
appro
achin
g th
e b
ridg
e c
om
prise a
tw
o-w
ay,
two
-lan
e c
onfigura
tion
.
The stu
dy are
a w
as div
ided in
to fo
ur
dis
tinct
sectio
ns in
as part
of
the
initia
l o
ption d
eve
lopm
ent p
rocess. T
hese s
ections w
ere
:
Section 1
: R
ichm
ond a
rea
Section 2
: K
urr
ajo
ng R
oa
d
Section 3
: R
ichm
ond B
rid
ge
Section 4
: N
ort
h R
ichm
ond
Te
chn
ica
l In
ve
stig
ati
on
s
A s
eries o
f te
chnic
al
investigatio
ns (
liste
d b
elo
w)
pro
vid
e t
he b
asis
for
the
assessm
ent
of
the r
ou
te o
ptio
ns.
These
stu
die
s a
im t
o i
nfo
rm t
he p
roje
ct
obje
ctives a
nd
allo
w a
ssessm
ent
of
the
route
options a
gain
st
the c
rite
ria.
T
he k
ey o
utc
om
es in t
he f
orm
of
issues a
nd o
pport
unitie
s a
ssocia
ted w
ith
each r
oute
option a
re p
rese
nte
d in t
his
backgro
und p
aper.
The technic
al stu
die
s c
om
mis
sio
ned t
o info
rm the S
tage 2
stu
dy inclu
de:
Tra
ffic
modelli
ng
an
d tra
nsport
assessm
ent.
Flo
od
modelli
ng.
En
viro
nm
enta
l stu
die
s (
inclu
din
g b
iodiv
ers
ity a
nd h
erita
ge).
Urb
an a
nd la
ndscape d
esig
n s
tud
y inclu
din
g v
isu
al assessm
ent.
Constr
ain
ts m
appin
g (b
ased on outp
uts
fr
om
th
e E
nvironm
enta
l stu
die
s).
Revie
w o
f utilit
y s
erv
ices.
Str
ate
gic
conce
pt d
esig
ns (
road a
nd b
ridg
e).
Pre
limin
ary
geote
chnic
al in
vestigations.
De
sig
n o
bje
ctiv
es
an
d c
rite
ria
D
esi
gn
ob
ject
ive
s
The p
rim
ary
obje
ctive o
f th
e s
tud
y i
s t
o a
llevia
te t
raff
ic c
ongestion a
long
th
e c
orr
idor
be
twee
n R
ichm
ond a
nd N
ort
h
Ric
hm
ond.
The s
econdary
obje
ctive o
f th
e s
tud
y is t
o p
rovid
e a
n im
pro
ved
le
vel of
flood im
munity f
or
the c
orr
idor.
To s
upport
these k
ey o
bje
ctives,
the f
ollo
win
g a
dditio
na
l obje
ctives a
lso
need
to b
e s
atisfied b
y t
he s
tud
y:
Ensure
th
e o
pera
tions o
f R
ichm
ond B
rid
ge a
nd its
ap
pro
aches c
an
be m
ain
tain
ed d
uri
ng
constr
uction.
Main
tain
/Im
pro
ve t
he a
ccessib
ility
of
Ric
hm
ond B
rid
ge.
Min
imis
e t
he i
mpacts
on t
he b
uilt
an
d n
atu
ral
en
viro
nm
ent
alo
ng
the r
ou
te.
Impro
ve s
afe
ty f
or
ped
estr
ians, cyclis
t an
d m
oto
rists
.
Min
imis
e the p
roje
ct
who
le o
f lif
e c
ost.
En
gin
ee
rin
g s
tan
da
rds
The f
ollo
win
g E
ngin
eeri
ng S
tan
dard
s h
ave b
ee
n u
sed
in t
he d
eve
lopm
ent
of
the s
trate
gic
conce
pt o
ptions:
AU
STR
OA
DS
(pre
vio
usl
y N
AA
SRA
) G
uid
elin
es a
nd
pu
blic
atio
ns.
RM
S Su
pp
lem
ents
an
d T
ech
nic
al D
irec
tio
ns.
Au
stra
lian
Sta
nd
ard
s
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
1
Ro
ad
de
sig
n c
rite
ria
The f
ollo
win
g r
oa
d d
esig
n c
rite
ria
ha
ve
be
en
ad
opte
d i
n t
he d
evelo
pm
ent
of
the o
ptio
ns:
The
pro
visi
on
of
the
nec
ess
ary
nu
mb
er o
f tr
avel
lan
es a
lon
g th
e co
rrid
or
and
wit
h s
uit
able
in
ters
ecti
on
tre
atm
ents
to
pro
vid
e an
ac
cep
tab
le L
evel
of
Serv
ice
to m
anag
e tr
affi
c co
nge
stio
n in
20
36
.
Des
ign
sp
eed
– u
rban
se
ctio
n 7
0km
/h
Des
ign
sp
eed
– r
ura
l sec
tio
n 9
0km
/h
Sign
po
ste
d s
pee
d l
imit
– u
rban
an
d r
ura
l se
ctio
ns
10
km/h
les
s th
an t
he
des
ign
sp
eed
Sto
pp
ing
Sigh
t D
ista
nce
(SS
D)
– ru
ral
sect
ion
120
met
res
wit
h a
re
acti
on
tim
e o
f 1
.5 s
eco
nd
s
Sto
pp
ing
Sigh
t D
ista
nce
(SS
D)
– u
rban
sec
tio
n 8
0 m
etre
s w
ith
a
reac
tio
n t
ime
of
1.5
se
con
ds
Ty
pic
al
cro
ss s
ect
ion
an
d c
lea
ran
ces
Cro
ss s
ecti
on
ele
men
t M
inim
um
val
ues
(an
d r
ange
)
Lan
e w
idth
Exi
stin
g ca
rria
gew
ay: 2
.9 -
3.2
met
res
New
car
riag
eway
: 3.0
- 3
.5 m
etre
s
Typ
ical
m
edia
n
wid
th
Min
imu
m
wid
th
= 4
.2
met
res
(wh
ere
app
licab
le)
Typ
ical
ver
ge w
idth
2.0
met
res
or
reta
inin
g e
xist
ing
wid
th
Sho
uld
er w
idth
Exi
stin
g ca
rria
gew
ay -
0.5
met
res
New
car
riag
eway
: 1.5
- 2
.0 m
etre
s (w
her
e ap
plic
able
)
Shar
ed u
se p
ath
wid
th 3
met
res
Foo
tpat
h w
idth
(ex
isti
ng)
1.2
met
res
Ver
tica
l cle
aran
ce 5
.3 m
etre
s
Bri
dg
e d
esi
gn
cri
teri
a
The f
ollo
win
g b
ridg
e d
esig
n c
rite
ria h
ave b
een a
do
pte
d in
th
e d
eve
lopm
ent
of
the o
ptio
ns:
Au
stra
lian
Sta
nd
ard
51
00 (
Bri
dge
Des
ign
Co
de)
.
RM
S Su
pp
lem
ents
an
d T
ech
nic
al D
irec
tio
ns.
10
0 y
ear
des
ign
life
.
Lan
e w
idth
3.2
5 m
etre
s fo
r O
pti
on
A
3.5
met
res
for
Op
tio
ns
B, C
, D
Sho
uld
er w
idth
2.0
met
res
for
Op
tio
n A
1.5
– 2
.0 m
etre
s fo
r O
pti
on
s B
,C a
nd
D
Foo
tpat
h w
idth
Exi
stin
g w
idth
of
foo
tpat
h (
2.1
met
res)
fo
r O
pti
on
A
3 m
etre
wid
e sh
ared
use
pat
h f
or
Op
tio
ns
B, C
, D
Co
ntr
a fl
ow
bar
rier
wid
th 0
.6 m
etre
s (O
pti
on
A o
nly
)
Lon
gitu
din
al g
rad
e To
mat
ch t
he
road
alig
nm
ent
Cro
ssfa
ll 3
per
cen
t to
mat
ch t
he
road
alig
nm
ent
Sup
erst
ruct
ure
cla
ssif
ied
as
par
tial
ly s
ub
mer
ged
as
clo
sed
cel
l st
ruct
ure
s ar
e co
nsi
der
ed u
nsu
itab
le
Des
ign
lo
ads
theo
reti
cal
des
ign
lo
ads
to m
od
el t
raff
ic l
oad
ings
(S
M1
60
0 a
nd
HLP
40
0).
Ro
ad
de
sig
n c
on
stra
ints
The r
oad d
esig
n c
onstr
ain
ts a
lon
g th
e c
orr
idor
inclu
de
the f
ollo
win
g:
The
exis
tin
g R
ich
mo
nd
Bri
dge
.
Exis
tin
g p
rop
erty
bo
un
dar
ies.
The
exis
tin
g al
ign
men
t th
rou
gh a
bu
ilt u
p u
rban
are
a w
ith
mix
ed
lan
d u
ses
in R
ich
mo
nd
fro
m E
ast
Mar
ket
Stre
et t
o C
hap
el S
tree
t (a
lon
g M
arch
Str
eet
and
Ku
rraj
on
g R
oad
) an
d in
No
rth
Ric
hm
on
d,
Bel
ls L
ine
of
Ro
ad f
rom
th
e H
ann
apak
ind
ust
rial
co
mp
lex
to G
rose
V
ale
Ro
ad/T
erra
ce R
oad
.
Sen
siti
ve h
erit
age
(Ab
ori
gin
al a
nd
no
n-A
bo
rigi
nal
) e
lem
ents
.
Flo
ra a
nd
fau
na
hab
itat
s an
d s
pec
ies.
Co
nfl
ict
wit
h u
tilit
y se
rvic
es.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
2
Co
nsi
de
rati
on
of
flo
od
im
mu
nit
y
Consultation w
ith th
e S
tate
E
merg
ency S
erv
ice (S
ES
) and H
aw
kesbury
C
ity C
ouncil
(HC
C)
consid
ere
d t
he i
mpacts
of
a 1
:5 y
ear,
1:1
0 y
ear
an
d
1:2
0 ye
ar
AR
I flo
od e
vent
and th
e f
loo
d a
ccess i
ssues t
hat
ne
ed t
o b
e
addre
ssed w
ith r
egard
to t
he b
ridg
e a
nd a
ppro
ach
es.
Thro
ug
h t
his
pro
cess
it w
as esta
blis
hed
th
at
the ro
ute
s consid
ere
d are
not
flo
od
e
vacuatio
n
route
s f
or
either
the S
ES
or
HC
C.
Co
nsi
de
rati
on
of
gra
de
se
pa
rati
on
in
ters
ect
ion
tre
atm
en
ts
Optio
ns th
at
invo
lved fu
ll gra
de sep
ara
tion of
the e
xis
ting in
ters
ections
such a
s G
rose V
ale
Road
/Bells
Lin
e o
f R
oa
d w
ere
not
consid
ere
d f
urt
her
due t
o th
e f
ollo
win
g issues:
Traf
fic
volu
mes
w
ere
ca
pab
le
of
bei
ng
cate
red
fo
r b
y at
gr
ade
inte
rsec
tio
ns
and
can
sti
ll p
rovi
de
an a
deq
uat
e le
vel o
f se
rvic
e.
The
pre
limin
ary
eco
no
mic
ass
essm
ent
of
the
cap
ital
co
st o
f gr
ade
sep
arat
ion
in
terc
han
ges
ind
icat
ed
that
th
ese
op
tio
ns
we
re
no
t ec
on
om
ical
ly ju
stif
iab
le.
En
vir
on
me
nta
l C
on
sid
era
tio
ns
In c
onju
nctio
n w
ith
th
e d
evelo
pm
ent
of
options,
pre
limin
ary
environm
enta
l in
vestigations w
ere
und
ert
aken f
or
the
stu
dy are
a.
The re
sults of
these
were
use
d
to
ide
ntify
th
e
exis
ting
en
vironm
ent
in
the
are
a
and
an
y
pote
ntial
co
nstr
ain
ts fo
r th
e optio
ns be
ing
co
nsid
ere
d.
A
s part
of
this
in
vestigation,
deskto
p e
nvir
onm
enta
l searc
hes w
ere
undert
aken fo
r th
e
stu
dy a
rea.
This
was f
ollo
wed b
y a
fie
ld i
nvestigatio
n t
hro
ugh
the
stu
dy
are
a,
ho
we
ver
it w
as l
imited t
o p
ub
lic s
paces,
such a
s t
he r
oad c
orr
idor
and r
iver
ba
nk. N
o f
ield
in
vestiga
tio
ns w
ere
und
ert
aken o
n p
rivate
land.
In g
enera
l, because
a
ll op
tions are
th
e sam
e th
roug
h th
e to
wnsh
ips of
Ric
hm
ond and N
ort
h R
ich
mond,
the
environm
enta
l constr
ain
ts in
th
ese
are
as w
ould
be c
onsis
tent
for
all
options.
In a
dd
itio
n,
optio
ns a
cro
ss t
he
flood
p
lain
a
nd
Ha
wkesbury
R
iver
all
occur
within
abou
t a
50
metr
e
corr
idor,
there
fore
the e
nvir
onm
enta
l constr
ain
ts in
th
ese a
reas w
ould
als
o
be s
imila
r fo
r all
op
tio
ns.
The m
ain
dis
tinctions b
etw
een t
he c
onstr
ain
ts a
re:
The
op
tio
ns
clo
sest
to
th
e ex
isti
ng
road
co
rrid
or
(op
tio
ns
A a
nd
B)
may
hav
e h
igh
er A
bo
rigi
nal
an
d n
on
-Ab
ori
gin
al c
on
stra
ints
th
rou
gh
the
flo
od
pla
in a
nd
acr
oss
th
e ri
ver.
Op
tio
ns
C a
nd
D w
ou
ld r
equ
ire
mo
re p
rop
erty
acq
uis
itio
n a
s th
ey
hav
e a
wid
er r
oad
co
rrid
or.
Op
tio
n C
an
d D
may
req
uir
e m
ore
flo
od
an
d h
ydro
logy
man
agem
ent
du
e to
th
e h
eigh
t o
f th
e n
ew r
oad
em
ban
kmen
t ac
ross
th
e fl
oo
d
pla
in.
Ho
wev
er t
hes
e o
pti
on
s w
ou
ld a
lso
pro
vid
e a
hig
her
lev
el o
f fl
oo
d im
mu
nit
y fo
r th
e lo
cal c
om
mu
nit
y.
Bio
div
ers
ity
co
nst
rain
ts
Lo
w q
ua
lity R
iver-
flat
euca
lyp
t fo
rest
on c
oasta
l flood
pla
ins (
of
the N
SW
N
ort
h
Co
ast,
Sydn
ey
Basin
an
d
South
E
ast
Corn
er
bio
reg
ions)
enda
ngere
d e
co
log
ical
co
mm
unity e
xis
ts w
ith
in t
he s
tud
y a
rea a
lon
g t
he
banks o
f th
e H
aw
kesbury
Riv
er.
This
constr
ain
t is
com
mon for
all
options.
Fre
shw
ate
r w
etlands on coasta
l flood
pla
ins (o
f th
e N
SW
N
ort
h C
oast,
Syd
ne
y B
asin
and S
outh
East
Corn
er
bio
reg
ions)
endan
gere
d e
colo
gic
al
com
munity e
xis
ts a
roun
d t
he P
ugh
’s L
ago
on w
etla
nd
. T
his
constr
ain
t is
com
mon f
or
all
op
tio
ns.
There
is p
ote
ntia
l fo
r G
reen a
nd G
old
en B
ell
Fro
gs t
o e
xis
t w
ithin
Pu
gh’s
Lago
on. T
his
constr
ain
t w
ould
be c
om
mon f
or
all
optio
ns.
Hollo
w b
earin
g t
rees e
xis
t w
ith
in t
he r
ipari
an f
ore
st
on t
he s
outh
ern
bank
of
the H
aw
kesbury
R
iver
alo
ng th
e ba
nks of
the ri
ver
adja
cent
to th
e
exis
tin
g b
ridge
.
Optio
ns A
and B
ha
ve m
ore
pote
ntia
l to
im
pact
these,
there
fore
th
is i
s a
com
mon f
or
these o
ptio
ns.
Noxio
us w
eeds in t
he a
rea
are
com
mon f
or
all
options.
Ab
ori
gin
al
He
rita
ge
Co
nst
rain
ts
There
are
know
n A
borig
inal
sites c
lose
to t
he e
xis
ting b
ridge
alig
nm
ent.
This
wou
ld b
e a
gre
ate
r co
nstr
ain
t to
options A
an
d B
.
There
is a
pote
ntia
l fo
r fu
rther
unre
cord
ed A
borig
inal
herita
ge a
nd
cultura
l sites
to
occur
within
th
e
local
landscape
.
This
constr
ain
t w
ou
ld
be
com
mon to a
ll o
ptio
ns.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
3
No
n-A
bo
rig
ina
l H
eri
tag
e c
on
stra
ints
Within
or
adja
cent
to t
he s
tud
y a
rea 1
0 i
tem
s l
iste
d o
n t
he S
tate
Herita
ge
Regis
ter
occur
with
in t
he R
ichm
ond t
ow
nsh
ip,
som
e im
media
tely
adja
cen
t to
the r
oa
d c
orr
idor.
A
s a
ll options t
hro
ugh t
he t
ow
nship
are
the s
am
e,
this
constr
ain
t is
com
mon f
or
all
options.
Thre
e ite
ms lis
ted
on
Section 1
70
Re
gis
ters
, in
clu
din
g R
ichm
ond B
rid
ge in
th
e
RM
S
regis
ter,
occur
with
in
the
stu
dy
are
a.
T
he
constr
ain
t w
ithin
R
ichm
ond is th
e s
am
e f
or
all
options.
Ho
we
ver,
the
exis
ting
Ric
hm
ond B
ridg
e is o
nly
a c
onstr
ain
t fo
r optio
n A
as
it w
ould
req
uire m
odific
atio
ns to
th
e b
ridg
e s
tructu
re.
105 l
oca
l heri
tag
e i
tem
s l
iste
d o
n t
he c
urr
ent
an
d d
raft
Haw
kesbury
City
Council
Local
Environm
ent
Pla
ns o
ccur
with
in t
he
stu
dy a
rea.
These a
re
pre
dom
inantly w
ith
in t
ow
nship
s a
nd w
ou
ld b
e a
com
mon c
onstr
ain
t fo
r all
options.
There
is
po
tentia
l fo
r arc
haeo
logic
al
rem
ain
s of
the o
ld ri
ver
cro
ssin
g,
inclu
din
g t
he
pu
nt
wharf
and f
orm
er
tim
ber
brid
ge
to e
xis
t a
dja
cent
to t
he
curr
ent
road c
orr
idor.
This
is a
hig
her
constr
ain
t fo
r options A
and B
as
the
y a
re c
loser
to t
he e
xis
ting r
oa
d a
lignm
ent at th
e r
iver.
There
is p
ote
ntia
l fo
r arc
haeo
log
ical
rem
ain
s o
f th
e f
orm
er
railw
ay l
ine t
o
Nort
h R
ichm
ond t
o e
xis
t w
ithin
the s
tud
y a
rea.
This
would
be a
com
mon
constr
ain
t fo
r a
ll options.
Lan
dfo
rm, g
eolo
gy a
nd
so
ils c
on
stra
ints
Pote
ntial
to exp
ose acid
sulp
hate
soils
at
vario
us lo
catio
ns acro
ss th
e
pro
posa
l site.
This
constr
ain
t w
ould
be
fair
ly c
om
mon for
all
op
tions.
Giv
en t
he c
lose p
roxim
ity o
f th
e o
ptio
ns,
the s
oil
type c
onstr
ain
ts w
ould
be
sim
ilar
for
all
options.
Wat
er
qu
alit
y an
d h
ydro
logy
co
nst
rain
ts
The H
aw
kesbury
Riv
er
is a
com
mon c
onstr
ain
t fo
r all
optio
ns.
Pug
h’s
Lago
on o
n t
he
nort
hern
sid
e o
f th
e e
xis
tin
g r
oad c
orr
idor
wo
uld
pro
vid
e a
constr
ain
t fo
r all
options a
s a
wid
enin
g r
oa
d c
orr
idor
wo
uld
be
re
quire
d in th
is a
rea.
Mana
gin
g h
ydro
log
y a
cro
ss t
he f
lood p
lain
wo
uld
be
a c
onstr
ain
t fo
r all
options.
Ho
we
ver
optio
n C
and D
would
requ
ire a
dditio
nal
co
nsid
era
tio
n f
or
flood
mitig
atio
n u
nd
ern
eath
th
e n
ew
road a
lignm
ents
due t
o t
he p
ote
ntia
l he
ight
of
the e
mbankm
ents
. T
hese o
ptio
ns w
ould
als
o p
rovid
e a
hig
her
leve
l of
flood im
munity f
or
the local com
munitie
s.
No
ise
co
nst
rain
ts
Sensitiv
e r
eceiv
ers
within
the R
ichm
ond a
nd
Nort
h R
ichm
ond a
reas w
ou
ld
be a
no
ise c
onstr
ain
t fo
r all
options.
Herita
ge b
uild
ings t
hat
may b
e a
ffecte
d b
y a
n i
ncre
ase i
n v
ibra
tio
n f
rom
th
e o
pera
tio
n o
f th
e r
oad w
ould
be
a c
om
mon c
onstr
ain
t fo
r all
optio
ns.
Sh
ort
list
ed
op
tio
ns
for
de
ve
lop
me
nt
The f
inal short
lis
t of
str
ate
gic
op
tio
ns f
or
the R
ichm
ond B
ridge
are
:
Optio
n A
; O
ption B
; O
ptio
n C
; O
ption D
Com
mon to the f
our
op
tio
ns is the p
rovis
ion o
f:
Tw
o
lanes
in
the
peak
dir
ection
duri
ng
pe
ak
perio
ds
betw
ee
n
Ric
hm
ond a
nd N
ort
h R
ich
mond.
This
wo
uld
be a
ch
ieve
d t
hro
ugh
a m
ix o
f peak h
our
on
-str
eet
park
ing r
estr
ictions a
nd t
he p
rovis
ion
of
a n
ew
tw
o l
ane c
arr
iag
ew
ay b
etw
een C
hape
l S
treet
and O
ld
Kurr
ajo
ng
Roa
d/Y
arr
am
undi La
ne.
Sig
na
lise
d
inte
rsections
with
righ
t tu
rn
ba
ys
an
d
pe
destr
ian
cro
ssin
g f
acili
ties,
except
at W
est
Mark
et
Str
eet
and O
ld K
urr
ajo
ng
Road/Y
arr
am
undi Lan
e.
A t
hre
e m
etr
e w
ide s
hare
d u
se p
ath
be
twe
en R
ichm
ond a
nd N
ort
h
Ric
hm
ond.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
4
Op
tio
n A
– T
hre
e-l
ane
con
tra f
low
tra
ffic
managem
ent option t
o p
rovid
e t
wo la
nes in t
he p
eak d
irection.
This
would
involv
e:
Wid
enin
g o
f th
e e
xis
tin
g b
ridge d
ow
nstr
eam
to a
ccom
modate
thre
e tra
vel la
nes a
cro
ss the b
rid
ge.
An a
dd
itio
nal tw
o lanes f
or
the K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad
eastb
ound c
arr
iag
ew
ay b
etw
een
Chap
el S
tre
et
and
Old
Kurr
ajo
ng R
oa
d/Y
arr
am
undi
La
ne t
o p
rovid
e f
our
lanes (
two
lan
es in e
ach d
irection).
Contr
a f
low
tra
ffic
managem
ent
from
appro
xim
ate
ly 5
0 m
etr
es w
est
of
Old
Kurr
ajo
ng R
oa
d/Y
arr
am
undi L
an
e t
o a
ppro
xim
ate
ly 1
20 m
etr
es e
ast
of
Pitt
La
ne
inclu
din
g
acro
ss the b
ridge.
No c
han
ge t
o th
e c
urr
ent
leve
l of
flood im
munity.
Op
tio
n B
- P
rovid
e a
tota
l of
four
lanes, tw
o in e
ach d
irection,
with n
o c
han
ge t
o t
he c
urr
ent
leve
l of
flood im
munity. T
his
wou
ld in
vo
lve:
A n
ew
tw
o la
ne b
rid
ge f
ive m
etr
es d
ow
nstr
eam
fro
m the e
xis
ting b
rid
ge c
onstr
ucte
d a
t th
e s
am
e le
ve
l as th
e e
xis
ting b
rid
ge.
Reta
inin
g t
he e
xis
ting b
ridg
e.
An a
dd
itio
na
l tw
o l
an
es f
or
the K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad e
astb
ound
carr
iag
ew
ay b
etw
een
Chap
el
Str
eet
and O
ld K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad/Y
arr
am
undi
Lane w
hic
h w
ill p
rovid
e f
our
lan
es (
two lan
es in e
ach d
irection).
Op
tio
n C
- P
rovid
e a
tota
l of
four
lanes, tw
o in e
ach d
irection,
with th
e b
ridge
an
d a
dd
itio
na
l e
astb
ound
carr
iage
wa
y c
onstr
ucte
d a
t a
le
ve
l to
pro
vid
e 1
:5 y
ear
AR
I
flood im
munity.
This
wou
ld in
vo
lve:
A n
ew
tw
o la
ne b
rid
ge p
rovid
ed 2
5-5
0 m
etr
es d
ow
nstr
eam
fro
m the e
xis
tin
g b
ridg
e.
Reta
inin
g t
he e
xis
ting b
ridg
e.
An a
dd
itio
na
l tw
o l
an
es f
or
the K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad e
astb
ound
carr
iag
ew
ay b
etw
een
Chap
el
Str
eet
and O
ld K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad/Y
arr
am
undi
Lane w
hic
h w
ill p
rovid
e f
our
lan
es (
two lan
es in e
ach d
irection).
Op
tio
n D
- P
rovid
e a
tota
l of
four
lanes, tw
o in e
ach d
irection,
with th
e b
ridge
an
d a
dd
itio
na
l e
astb
ound
carr
iage
wa
y c
onstr
ucte
d a
t a
le
ve
l to
pro
vid
e 1
:20 y
ear
AR
I
flood im
munity.
This
wou
ld in
vo
lve:
A n
ew
tw
o-l
an
e b
ridg
e p
rovid
ed 2
5-5
0 m
etr
es d
ow
nstr
eam
fro
m the e
xis
tin
g b
ridg
e.
Reta
inin
g t
he e
xis
ting b
ridg
e.
An a
dd
itio
na
l tw
o l
an
es f
or
the K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad e
astb
ound
carr
iag
ew
ay b
etw
een
Chap
el
Str
eet
and O
ld K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad/Y
arr
am
undi
Lane w
hic
h w
ill p
rovid
e f
our
lan
es (
two lan
es in e
ach d
irection).
Rem
oval of
som
e turn
ing
movem
ents
at O
ld K
urr
ajo
ng R
oad /
Yarr
am
undi La
ne.
In a
ll th
e f
our
op
tio
ns,
park
ing a
lon
g t
he c
orr
idor
wou
ld b
e r
estr
icte
d t
o o
ff p
eak h
ours
in R
ichm
ond a
nd
Nort
h R
ichm
ond,
to p
rovid
e f
or
four
lan
es d
uri
ng t
he m
orn
ing
and a
ftern
oon
pe
aks.
Co
nsi
de
rati
on
of
a n
ew
fo
ur-
lan
e b
rid
ge
A s
ub-o
ption o
f O
ptions C
and D
consis
ting o
f a n
ew
four-
lane b
ridg
e o
n t
he d
ow
nstr
eam
sid
e o
f th
e e
xis
ting b
ridg
e a
nd w
ith t
he s
am
e l
evel
of
flood i
mm
unity a
s
Optio
ns C
and D
has a
lso
been c
onsid
ere
d.
This
altern
ative b
rid
ge o
ption w
ou
ld p
rovid
e t
wo l
anes i
n e
ach d
irection a
cro
ss a
sin
gle
brid
ge a
nd c
ou
ld a
llow
the
exis
tin
g b
ridge
to b
e u
se
d f
or
recre
ationa
l p
urp
oses s
uch a
s a
gre
en lin
k p
edestr
ian a
nd c
ycle
route
acro
ss th
e r
iver.
This
four-
lane b
ridg
e c
ould
be a
ccom
modate
d w
ith
in t
he p
rop
osed c
orr
idor.
Due t
o t
he h
eig
ht
diffe
rence i
n t
he a
ppro
ach a
lignm
ent
for
the s
ub O
ption D
, th
e n
ew
fo
ur
lane b
ridg
e o
ption w
ou
ld h
ave im
pacts
on t
urn
ing m
ovem
ents
at
Old
Kurr
ajo
ng R
oad /
Yarr
am
undi L
ane t
hat
wo
uld
requ
ire a
dju
stm
ents
to b
e m
ade a
t B
osw
ort
h
Str
eet
to c
ate
r fo
r th
e a
dd
itio
na
l tr
aff
ic.
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
5
Op
tio
n A
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
6
Op
tio
n B
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
7
Op
tio
n C
Ric
hm
on
d B
rid
ge a
nd
Ap
pro
ach
es C
on
ge
sti
on
Stu
dy
Valu
e M
an
ag
em
en
t R
evie
w L
on
g-t
erm
Op
tio
ns A
ssessm
en
t W
ork
sh
op
– 2
4 O
cto
be
r 2012
P
ag
e 2
8
Op
tio
n
D
