APPLICATION OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES IN ELECTRONIC

COMMERCE

Katarzyna Skibicka

Contents

What is Electronic Commerce?What is Mobile Commerce?What are Mobile Technologies?• Laptops and PDAs• Mobile telephony devices• Mobile networking devices• Identification technologies

SummarySources

What is Electronic Commerce?

Electronic Commerce

e-commerce, eCommerceBuying and selling of products or services over electronic systems (eg. Internet)Virtual items- access to premium content on a websitePhysical items- objects requiring transportation

Electronic Commerce

Sales aspect of e-businessConsists of the exchange of dataFacilitates financing and payment aspects of the business transactionsConsumer level- World Wide WebInstitutional level- exchange financial data

Electronic Commerce

E-tailers – online retailers e-tail – online retail B2B – business-to-businessB2C – business-to-consumer

Electronic Commerce usesInternet marketingOnline transaction processingSupply chain managementElectronic data interchangeElectronic funds transferInventory management systemsAutomated data collection systems

Advertising of flightsBook the ticket online without going out of homeAvailability of tickets on certain date and hourInterchange data with companyPay for the ticket online (eg. By credit card)Company updates the data, increases pricesCompany collects data of customers and flights

Business ApplicationsEmailInstant messagingNewsgroupsOnline shopping and order trackingOnline bankingOnline office suitesDomestic and international payment systemsShopping cart softwareTele-conferencing

What is Mobile Commerce?

Mobile Commerce

M-Commerce, mCommerce, U-Commerce”Mobile Commerce is any transaction, involving the transfer of ownership or rights to use goods and services, which is initiated and/or completed by using mobile access to computer-controlled networks with the help of an electronic device.”Page 33, Tiwari, R. and Buse, S. (2007): The Mobile Commerce Prospects: A Strategic Analysis of Opportunities in the Banking Sector, Hamburg: Hamburg University Press

Mobile Commerce

Branch of e-commerceUsers interact with service providers through a mobile and wireless networkUsers use mobile devices for information retrieval and processing transactions

Classification of M-Commerce Services and Applications

Based on functionality:Directory- oriented• Provides information to mobile users

(only read request to directory)• Eg. location, content, user dependent,

being localized and personalized, specific for every mobile user

Classification of M-Commerce Services and Applications

Based on functionality:Transaction- oriented• Conducts transactions between the

service provider and mobile users (read and write request to directory)

Mobile CommerceProducts and services:

Mobile ticketing• Booking, cancelling- tickets sent to

mobile phones, to laptops• Bus tickets, flight tickets, train tickets

Mobile vouchers, coupons and loyalty cards• Virtual tokens sent to mobile phones• Location based services

Mobile Commerce

Products and services:Location- based services• Location used for MCommerce transactions• Eg. of services: local maps, local offers, local

weather

Information services• Services delivered to mobile phone users• Eg. of services: news services, stock data,

sports results, traffic data and information

Mobile CommerceProducts and services:

Mobile banking• Using mobile phones or mobile

equipment to access account information and make transactions

Mobile purchase• Online shopping, browsing, ordering

Mobile marketing and advertising• Sending advertising messages

What are Mobile Technologies?

Mobile Technologies

Portable personal technologiesEnable people to use IT and not being tied to a sigle locationAny business with workers away from office can benefit fron using itNumber of users of mobile devices is increasing

Mobile Technologies

Communication technologies used by mobile devices:Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)Bluetooth3GDial-up services

Bluetooth

Wireless communication technology for exchanging data over short distances between different electronic devices like keyboard, laptop, palmtop, mouse, mobile phoneIt uses radio technologyTransmission- 721kb/s, 2,1Mb/s

Bluetooth

Low power consumption with short rangePower-class-dependent:• 1 meter• 10 meters• 100 meters

Eg. of applications:• Wireless networking between PCs• Sending small advertisements• Transferring files from PDAs to PCs

Wi-Fi

Wireless brand owned by Wi-Fi AllianceCovers greater distances than Bluetooth, uses more expensive hardware, has higher power consumptionIt’s replaces cabling for general LAN access

Laptop

Full functionality of a desktop PCFull range of office softwareCan be connected to the Internet, office network via a landline, wireless data servicesImmediate access to dataEnable:• Making presentations, check stock leves• Flexible working• Keep in touch via email while out of the office

PDA

Personal Digital AssistantSmall sizeRuns cut-down versions of office softwaresEnables access to emails, schedules, documentsSoftwares can be installedCan be connected to the network using cables or wireless technology

Mobile Telephony Devices

Important part of business lifeMain features: making calls, receiving voicemail, call diversionOffer data transmission

Smartphone

Offer data transmission- emails, web access, simplified office applicationsAdvanced capabilities, PC-like functionalityRuns complete operating system softwareFull keyboard

2G

Second-Generation Wireless Telephone TechnologyPhone conversations are digitally encryptedIntroduced data services for mobile, SMS messages, emailLow powered radio signalsIncrease sound quality

GSM

Global System for Mobile CommunicationTelecommunication systemCellular networkMost popular standard for mobile phonesAllows mobile phones to send and receive data, make voice callsSignaling and speech chanels are digitalAllows full mobility of client

GSM

Infrustructure elemetns responsible for storing dataRoaming5 main GSM standards:• GSM 400,GSM 850,GSM 900,GSM-1800,

GSM 1900

GSM 850, GSM 1900- North/South America; GSM 900/1800- rest of the world

GPRS

General Packet Radio ServicePacket oriented mobile data serviceData rates from 56 up to 114kbit/sAllows using Internet, streaming transmission of audio/videoUser pays for sent and received bytes of dataIt is often called 2.5G

3G

Third-Generation of tele standards and technology of mobile networkingGreater network capacityServices include: voice telephony, video calls, broadband wireless dataData transmission rate 14,4Mbit/s on the downlink, 5,8Mbit/s for the uplinkBased on UMTS standard

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telecommunications SystemsUMTS uses W-CDMA as underlying air interfaceHigher quality of service, better use of radio capabilities

UMTS

Services:• Fast Internet access• Videotelepnone, videoconference• TV, radio, music, video• Navigation and localization

W-CDMA

Wideband Code Division Multiple AccessHigher speed transmission protocolRadio channels are 5MHz wideOne transmission channel is used for many simultaneous transmission

Mobile Networking Devices

Mobile IT devices which can use wired and wireless networking technologies like:• Dial-up networking• GSM, GPRS• LAN• Wi-Fi• Bluetooth

Identification Technologies

BCODEIdentifier which is sent to mobile phone by SMS, it’s read electronically from the screenIt can be used as tickets, vouchers, ID, advertising, loyality programs

RFID

Radio-Frequency IdentificationAuthomatic identification method relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using radio wavesElectronic bar-codeSystem includes:• Reader with transmitter and decoder• Antenna• Tags (active, passive)

RFID

Current uses:PassportsTransportation paymentsProduct trackingTransportation and logisticsAnimal identificationPromotion trackingLibraries

M-RFID

Mobile RFIDServices which provide information on objects with an RFID tag over a telecommunication networkReader- installed in mobile device, tag- fixedUsed in m-commerceSupports supply chain management

Benefits From Using Mobile Technologies in M-Commerce

Improve service offered to customersLink person directly to office network while working off siteEnable home working or working while travellingBusiness doesn’t have to be tied to a single locationHelp in introducing new products and services

Summary

E-Commerce• Different procedures using electronic

was for transaction making

M-Commerce• Ability to conduct commerce using a

mobile device

Mobile Technologies• Portable and personal technologies

applied in devices

Sources

http://www.ws-webstyle.comhttp://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.comhttp://webopedia.comhttp://en.wikipedia.orghttp://www.cs.ucy.ac.cy/networksgroup/pubs/published/2002/m-commerce-final-revised.pdfhttp://www.kingston.ac.ukhttp://portal.acm.orghttp://www.businesslink.gov.uk

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