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Application of Remote Sensing in Agricultural Research and Regional Productivity Assessment I. Ortiz-Monasterio and D. Lobell
Application of Remote Sensing in Agricultural Research and
Regional Productivity Assessment
I. Ortiz-Monasterio and D. Lobell
Planting Date
1999-2000
2001-2002
2002-2003
10 Nov
30 Dec
Planting Date
Wheat, 2001-2002
Reported Avg. Date (days after Nov. 1)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Me
an
Da
te E
stim
ate
(d
ays
afte
r N
ov.
1)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Outlier?
y=1.12x –4.3 (no sig. Difference from 1:1) rms=5.6 days
Planting Date Validation
R2=76%
2001-2002
Image Planting Date (days after Nov 1)
20 40 60
Far
mer
Rep
orte
d P
lant
ing
Dat
e
20
40
60
Planting Date Validation2002-2003
R2 =0.85
Planting Date (days after Nov 1)
0 20 40 60 80
Are
a P
lan
ted
(H
a)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
1999-2000
2001-2002 2002-2003
Nov 15 Dec 15
RecommendedPlanting Date
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 5 9
13
17
21
25
29
33
37
Series1
Average Yields1999-2000
Kg/
ha x
10
Nov 19
Recommended planting date
Dec 15
-20%
0100200300400500600700800
1 11 21 31 41 51 61
Series1
> 500 haslate and earlyplanted
Average Yields2001-2002
Nov 1 Nov 30 Dec 31
Kg/
ha x
10
Recommended planting date
-51% +2%
0100200300400500600700800
1 11 21 31 41 51
Series1
Average Yields2002-2003
Kg/
ha x
10
Nov 7 Nov 30 Dec 31
Recommended planting date
-8% +8%
Planting Date Area %Area Yield Production-ha- -%- t/ha -tons-
< Nov. 15 3,655 1.7 - -Nov.15 – Dec. 15 90,157 49.3 6.07 547,253> Dec. 15 89,598 49.0 5.05 452,470Total 182,979 999,723
Actual 999,723All in recommended PD 1,110,683Production Gain 110,960 (11.0%)
Scenario Regional Production
1999-2000
110,960 tons x 1800 pesos = 199,728,000 pesos in lost revenue
Planting Date Area %Area Yield Production-ha- -%- t/ha -tons-
< Nov. 15 10,672 6.1 2.95 31,482Nov.15 – Dec. 15 129,830 74.8 5.97 775,085> Dec. 15 43,750 25.2 6.11 267,313Total 173,580 1,073,880
Actual 1,073,880All in recommended PD 1,099,980Production Gain 26,104 (2.4%)
Scenario Regional Production
2001-2002
26,104 tons x 1800 pesos = 46,987,200 pesos in lost revenue
Planting Date Area %Area Yield Production-ha- -%- t/ha -tons-
< Nov. 15 31,120 18.2 4.34 135,061Nov.15 – Dec. 15 88,470 51.7 4.70 415,809> Dec. 15 51,402 30.1 5.07 260,608Total 170,992 811,478
Actual 811,478All in recommended PD 803,662Production Gain - 7,816 -(0.9%)
Scenario Regional Production
2002-2003
7,816 tons x 1800 pesos = 14,068,800 pesos in saved revenue
Summer Weeds on Wheat Yields in the following Winter
2001 & 2002
Aug 7, 2001
0.5 Crops
0.00.1
Weeds
Bare Soil
NDVI
2 x 2 km
Aug 7, 2001
0.5
0.0
NDVI
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1 9 17
25
33
41
49
57
65
73
1stquart
median
3rdquart
Kg/
ha x
10
NDVI
Whe
at Y
ield
2001-2002
0.1 0.5
Bar
e S
oil
Weeds Crops
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73
1stquart
median
3rdquart
NDVI
Kg/
ha x
10
Whe
at Y
ield
2002-2003
Bar
e S
oil
Weeds Crops
0.1 0.5
Table 1. The effect of different land covers during the presiding summer on wheat yields (without perennial crops).
Land Cover 2001-2002 2002-2003
Area Yield Area Yield
-ha- -kg/ha- -ha- -kg/ha-Bare Soil 102,761 6567 99,780 5730Soil Cover 82,627 5855 57,547 5086 Weeds 76,631 5694 51,195 5164
Crops 5,996 6065 6,352 4984
Total 185,388 157,327
Official Summer Crop Area 3,421 5,399
Table 2. The effect of different land covers during the presiding summer on wheat yields (without perennial crops).
Land Cover 2001-2002 2002-2003
Area Yield Area Yield
-ha- -kg/ha- -ha- -kg/ha-Bare Soil 102,761 6567 99,780 5730Weedy 76,631 5694 51,195 5164Low Density Weeds 60,157 5867 37,557 5272 High Density Weeds 16,474 5585 13,638
5097 Crops 5,996 6065 6,352 4984
Total 185,388 157,327
Official Summer Crop Area 3,421 5,399
Table 3. Scenario building with different summer managements on wheat yield for 2001-2002. Scenario Production Absolute Gain %Gain
-tons- -tons-Actual 1,156,426Weedy as follow 1,213,467 57,041 4.9%Weedy and crop as follow 1,217,442 61,016 5.2%
57,041 tons x 1800 pesos/ton = 102,673,800 pesos
Results from 2001-2002 with 2002-2003 Prices
Management Wheat Yield Prices
(kg/ha) (pesos/ha)Bare Soil 6567Weedy 5694
Yield Gain 873 1571 Cost of two disking 1000 Profit 571
Table 4. Scenario building with different summer managements on wheat yield for 2002-2003. Scenario Production Absolute Gain %Gain
-tons- -tons-Actual 860,945Weedy as follow 896,588 35,643 4.1%Weedy and crop as follow 901,326 40,381 4.7%
35,643 tons x 1800 pesos/ton = 64,157,400 pesos
Results from 2002-2003 with 2002-2003 Prices
Management Wheat Yield Prices
(kg/ha) (pesos/ha)Bare Soil 5730Weedy 5086
Yield Gain 644 1159 Cost of two disking 1000 Profit 159
