Jean-Paul CHABARD
IAHR Vice President
Jean-Paul CHABARD
IAHR Vice President
Applications of the Telemac -Mascaret1D/2D/3D Open Source Flow Modelling
System to floods events
IAHR Vice PresidentEDF R&D Project Manager
IAHR Vice PresidentEDF R&D Project Manager
Presentation of the Telemac -Mascaret 1D/2D/3D
Presentation of the Telemac -Mascaret 1D/2D/3D Telemac -Mascaret 1D/2D/3D
Open Source Flow Modelling System
Telemac -Mascaret 1D/2D/3D Open Source Flow Modelling System
� Assumptions
� Flow with one principal direction
� Subcritical or transcritical flow
� Flood plains can be modeled with storage areas : a simple way to model flood plains in some studies
MASCARET Hydraulic modellingMASCARET Hydraulic modelling
� Well adapted for large domain simulation
� Gain on geometric data and on study time
� Singularities simply integrated
� Complementary of 2D and 3D simulations
MAIN
CHANNELFLOOD
PLAIN
STORAGE
AREAS
FLOOD PLAIN FLOOD PLAIN
MASCARET :Functionalities of hydraulic components
MASCARET :Functionalities of hydraulic components
�Three 1D hydraulic components based on the solution of the shallow-water equations
� Unsteady subcritical flow (finites differences –1970)
� Steady transcritical flow
� Transcritical unsteady flow - non hydrostatic waves
(Explicit and implicit finite volumes scheme) (Explicit and implicit finite volumes scheme)
Dry areas - 2D modelling of the junction
� Full network of rivers and channels – storage areas
� Singularities (weir,…)
� Boundary conditions : �Discharge or level imposed – stage-discharge relation –
� Free outflow
� Control of flow changement to domain inflow
� Coupled with transport pollutants –Tracer � Water quality library
Sediment
2 dimensions 3 dimensions
Hydrodynamics
Water quality
TELEMAC-2D TELEMAC-3D
SISYPHE*
Chaining with Delwaq
TELEMAC-3D
SPH (2D or 3D)
SPARTACUS
The TELEMAC hydroinformatic system
Chaining with Delwaq
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement5
BIEFFinite Elements Library
Fudaa / Rubens / Blue KenueTecplot
Pre- and post-processors
Matisse / Janet
Mesh generators
Groundwater flows
Water quality
waves
Chaining with Delwaq
ESTEL-2D ESTEL-3D
ARTEMIS
TOMAWAC
Chaining with Delwaq
* Co-property LNHE-Cetmef
The Telemac system
Main characteristics
• Developed since 1987 at EDF R&D / LNHE
• World distributed (first commercial with 200 licences, now freeware and open source)
• FORTRAN 90, PERL, MPI
• Based on unstructured grids
E
N
S
O
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement6
• Based on unstructured grids
• Documentation and validation
Key features• Finite Elements, Implicit schemes
• Parallelism with domain decomposition
• Dry zones
• Non hydrostatic 3D with free surface
Installations all around the world
South-Africa, Germany, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, South Korea, Croatia, Dubaï, Egypt, Spain, United States, Finland, France, Greece, Holland, India, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordania, Lebanon,
Malaysia, Morocco, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Singapore, Switzerland, Thaïland, Tunisia, Turkey, Vietnam
French consultants
BCEOM, BRL, Canal de Provence, CEA, CETMEF, CNR, CREOCEAN, IX Survey, Météo France, Océanide, Optimer, Port autonome de Nantes, Port autonome de Rouen, Safege, Sétude, SHOM, Sogreah, Veolia
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement7
Optimer, Port autonome de Nantes, Port autonome de Rouen, Safege, Sétude, SHOM, Sogreah, Veolia
Universities
UK : Bangor, Birmingham, Bradford, Bristol, Cambridge, Cardiff, East-Anglia, Exeter, Glasgow, Heriot-Watt, Lancaster, Liverpool, London, Loughborough, Manchester, Nottingham, Plymouth, Portsmouth, Reading,
Southampton, St Andrews
Germany : Hannover, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe,… Universities
…
http://www.opentelemac.org
3500 registered users
7500 messages on the forum
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement8
108 countries
130 persons in 2011 user club in Paris
20th user club 16-18 October 2013 in Karlsruhe
A consortium to provide manpowerand steer developments
A consortium to provide manpowerand steer developments
� A first circle of industrial, engineering, institutional, academic partners willing to reinforce/enhance the development of the system, and ensuring the industrial quality and validation standards.
� The group decides the integration process and development plan, promotion and assistance, … and engage resources/responsibility for developments, integration of new features, documentation, validation, promotion …). Minimum resources: 2 persons/year
� A steering committee, advised by a scientific committee :
� Decides the technical, strategic and further developments orientations, as well as the valorisation strategy
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement9
� Defines the priority in the common developments and way of doing them (internal resources of the members, call to Open source community, ….)
� Checks if the developments fulfil the desired quali ty standards (validation and documentation)
� A specific internet site for the consortium:
� To deliver and download the new reference versions
� To call Opensource community for new developments
� To receive new developments from the community
� To animate the community Forum of users
2D Hydrodynamics
Telemac-2D
• Shallow water equations (Saint-Venant)
• Boussinesq equations
• Meshes of triangles
• Dry zones
• Turbulence models
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement10
• Turbulence models
• Tracers (temperature, pollutants, etc.)
• Weirs
• Culverts
• Sources and sinks
• Open boundary conditions
3D Hydrodynamics
Telemac-3D• Navier-Stokes equations
• Meshes of prisms (superimposed 2D meshes)
• Non hydrostatic 3D with free surface
• Dry zones
• Turbulence models
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement11
• Turbulence models
• Tracers (temperature, pollutants, sediment)
Some applications to dam break and river flood
Some applications to dam break and river flood
Some applications to dam break and river flood
modelling
Some applications to dam break and river flood
modelling
Main objectives• Conception of dams and river
waterworks• Forecasting for population safety
Dam break and river flood modelling
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement13
• Protection of industrial areas• Damage estimation• River basin management• etc.
Real case : The Rhine river
1D- 2D shallow-water coupling1D- 2D shallow-water coupling
Frameworks : Salomé – Coupleur Yacs - Juin 2012
Conférence ICHE – accepted paper « A possible coupling of 1D and 2D models to solve free-surface flow problems » ,
Environmental modelling and software, Malleron N., Zaoui F, NG
Extreme flood in the Rhône valleyExtreme flood in the Rhône valley
�Global model of Rhône valley : domain of 360 km
�Complex hydraulic study with 1D/2D models
�Study of extreme flood for the protection of fluvial nuclear power
2D model
protection of fluvial nuclear power plant
�The Vouglans dam-break (Ain) : dam-break wave simulation study with propagation on 100-year return flood
1D model with storage areas and composed channel
Local 1D model with storage areas
Global 1D model
Vouglans dam
ContextThe Bugey nuclear power plant,located on the Rhône, is protectedagainst severe floods combinedwith a possible failure of theVouglans dam on the Ain river.
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement17
Dyke break on river Rhône (study by Compagnie Nationale du Rhône)Dyke break on river Rhône (study by Compagnie Nationale du Rhône)
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement19
1D Simulation with Mascaret1D Simulation with Mascaret
� A large number of studies :
� Studies on EDF river dams concerned by safety procedures : 9000 km of French valleys modelled
� International diffusion : Hydro-Québec, SNC-Lavallin
Malpasset dam break
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement21
Malpasset dam, 48 million m3, brokeon 2 December 1959, there was433 casualties.
Dam for irrigation, not EDF property
Malpasset dam break Malpasset dam break
Real test for CADAM (Concerted Action on Dam break modelling)
� Fiel data :
� Time propagation :
Shut down of 3transformers
Fielddata(s)
Wave arrival time
(1D)
A (1400) 100 91.4
B (9200) 1240 1221
Wave arrival time
(2D)
110.5
1287
� Physical model : Maximum flooding
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Abscisse (m)
Cot
e (m
)
Field data
V7P0 with head loss
C (10500) 1420 1467 1435
Computer times in Malpasset test-caseComputer times in Malpasset test-case
Telemac-2D Telemac-3D
2 planes on the vertical =
1 layer of elements
Linux
1000 time steps of 4 s eachmesh with 26000 elements
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement26
HP Z600
1 proc.
22 s 112 s
Linux
HP Z600
8 proc.
4 s 20 s
(computer time in 1993: 86400 s…)
Ratio Navier-Stokes/Saint-Venant = 5
A dam break application with cars and people(Canadian Hydraulic Center)
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement27
Lagrangian Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
method (SPH) : a promising
Lagrangian Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
method (SPH) : a promising method (SPH) : a promising tool for dam break and river
flood modelling
method (SPH) : a promising tool for dam break and river
flood modelling
For complex problems out of reach of mesh based CFD• complex free surface flows• multi-phase flows• fluid-structure interactions
Lagrangian Smooth Particle Hydrodynamicsmethod SPH
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement29
Aims:• Dimensioning dykes• Designing spillways
3 D model
Schematic dam break
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement30
Experiment
2 D model
Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
First simulation of a real spillway
(Goulours dam)
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement31
Storm Xynthia in Charente (France)
26 February-1st March 2010
Tide coefficient 102Wind160 km/h
Storm surge 1,5 m59 casualties
20/09/2008 Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement33
Study performed by Artelia
Would be flooding at Saint-Malo
© SOGREAH
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement34
topograhy
© SOGREAH
ContextThe city of Saint-Malo is subject tosevere storm surges combined withhigh wind waves, capable of strongovertopping through harbour defences
Would be flooding at Saint-Malo
Finite element mesh(56000 elements)
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement35 © SOGREAH
Conclusion
Serious challenges to face
A diversity of promising methods
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement
36
End of the « 3D is too expensive » anthem
Stop working on simplified equations