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Educational
TechnologyBy: Henry F. Haranay
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Lesson 2 ApplyingEducational Technology
The whole is the sum of all its parts.
From Gestalt Psychology
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Systematic Instruction
The focus of systematicinstructional planning is thestudents.
Instruction begins with thedefinition of instructionalobjectives / learning objectives.
The teacher then selectsappropriate methods andlearning experiences.
Materials to be used must beselected properly and appliedduring the learning process.
The success of theimplementation of the lesson isreflected during evaluationand assessment.
Objectives
Methods &Experiences
MaterialsImplementation
Assessment
STUDENTS
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Choosing and ApplyingEducational Technology
Teachers aim to teach well so they do all sorts ofpreparations ahead of time.
But at times, all is not well.
That is why it is advisable that before using anyspecific technology, teachers and students should
be very critical in selecting the technology they aregoing to use.
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VerbalSymbols
VisualSymbols
Recordings, Radio,Still Pictures
Motion Pictures
Educational Television
Exhibits
Study Trips
Demonstrations
Dramatized Experience
Contrived Experiences
Direct Purposeful Experiences
Edgar Dales
Cone of Experience
http://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#10.%20Verbal%20Symbolshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#10.%20Verbal%20Symbolshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#9.%20Visual%20Symbolshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#9.%20Visual%20Symbolshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#8.%20Still%20Pictures,%20Recording,%20and%20Audiohttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#8.%20Still%20Pictures,%20Recording,%20and%20Audiohttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#7.%20Motion%20Pictureshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#7.%20Motion%20Pictureshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#6.%20Exhibitshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#5.%20Study%20Tripshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#4.%20Demonstrationshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#3.%20Dramatized%20Experienceshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#2.%20Contrived%20experienceshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#1.%20Direct%20Purposeful%20Activitieshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#1.%20Direct%20Purposeful%20Activitieshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#2.%20Contrived%20experienceshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#3.%20Dramatized%20Experienceshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#4.%20Demonstrationshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#5.%20Study%20Tripshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#6.%20Exhibitshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#7.%20Motion%20Pictureshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#7.%20Motion%20Pictureshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#8.%20Still%20Pictures,%20Recording,%20and%20Audiohttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#9.%20Visual%20Symbolshttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Cone%20of%20Experience.pptx#10.%20Verbal%20Symbols8/10/2019 Applying Educational Technology
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Cone of Experience A visual model that represents bands of
experiences arranged according to the degree ofABSTRACTION and not the degree of difficulty(Dale, 1969).
The bands stand for experiences that are fluid,extensive, and continually interact (Dale, 1969).
The cone of experience does not mean thatteaching and learning should move systematicallyfrom the bottom to top (Dale, 1969).
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Cone of Experience Teaching begins with the kind of experience that is
most appropriate to the needs and abilities of aparticular learner in a particular learning situation(Dale, 1969).
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Three Tiered Model
Enactive
Iconic
Symbolic
Jerome Bruner
http://d/Documents/Presentations/Three%20Tiered%20Model.pptx#3.%20Symbolichttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Three%20Tiered%20Model.pptx#2.%20Iconichttp://d/Documents/Presentations/Three%20Tiered%20Model.pptx#1.%20Enactive8/10/2019 Applying Educational Technology
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CautionsAvoid the following when following the Cone ofExperience (Lucido & Paz, 2008):
Using one medium in isolation.
Moving directly to abstract without adequatefoundation of concrete experiences.
Getting struck in the concrete without moving tothe abstract.
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Choosing CorrectlyTo help teachers make a good choice of whattechnology to use, it might help to ask the followingquestions (Garo, 2008):
1. What instructional materials are suited to myobjectives and subject matter?
2. What instructional material is available? If none,shall I develop/create one?
3. Shall I use traditional technology (low-tech) orcomputer-based technology (high-tech)?
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Procedure in UsingTechnology in Teaching
According to Garo (2008), to ensure the effectivenessof an instructional material, teachers are encouragedto do:
Previewing
Effective timing
Tying experiences together
Review and/or follow-up.
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Previewing Teacher should be very familiar with the technology
or the material he/she has chosen.
Teacher must know its merits and demerits.
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Review or Follow-up Is there a review or follow-up?
This can be answered after an evaluation orassessment has been made.
If the result is not satisfying, there is a need forreview/follow-up to strengthen the nextactivity/experience.
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Summary Teaching process follows several steps to attain
meaningful learning.
Teaching process must utilize technologiesappropriately.
In designing the lesson, students skills, interests, andcapabilities must be considered.
Teacher must know the advantages anddisadvantages of the instructional material he willuse.
In choosing the right material, the Cone ofExperience and the Three Tiered Model are of help.
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THANK YOU!DAGHANG SALAMAT!