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Approaches, Methods

and Techniques

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APPROACH

METHOD

TECHNIQUE

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Direct/ Expositive Instruction

Approach

A way of teaching which is aimed

at helping students acquire somebasic skills and procedural

knowledge. It is straight forward and

is done in a stepby step manner.

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Steps

1. Provide rationale

2. Demonstrate the skill

3. Provide guided practice

4. Check for understanding

5. Provide extended practice and

transfer

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Suggested steps

1. Review/ recall

2. Posing problems, Asking questions3. Reflection

4. Critical thinking activities

5. Independent practice

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Cooperative Learning

Approach

Makes use of classroomactivities which allow students to

work in groups or teams to help

each other learn.

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Reflective Thinking Approach

Anchored on the ability of the

teacher to guide students to reflecton their own experiences I order to

arrive at new understandings and

meanings.

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Some strategies

1. Selfanalysis

2. Journal Writing

3. Portfolio / Scrap booking

4. Asking Questions

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Other Methods & Techniques

Lecture Method

1.Component technique

2.Relevance technique

3.Outlining technique

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Discussion Method

Small Group DiscussionTechnique

Socialized Classroom DiscussionTechnique

Panel Discussion Technique

Direct Instruction Technique

Recitation Technique

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Reporting Method

Unit or Morrison Technique

Individual or Group Technique

Reading or Story Telling

Technique

Schematic TechniqueSymposium

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Demonstration Method

TeacherDirected Technique

StudentDirected Technique

Teacher

Student Directed

Technique

Resource Speaker

DirectedTechnique

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Activity Method

Project Technique

Field Trip Technique

Brainstorming Technique Debate Technique

Dramatization Technique

Role

Playing Technique

Simulation - Game Technique

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Investigatory Method

1.Laboratory Technique

2.Research Technique

3.Field Study Technique

4.Experimenting Technique

5.ProblemSolving Technique

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Self

Pacing Method

1.Programmed Instruction

2.Modular Learning

3.Correspondence Courses

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Cooperative Learning

Techniques

1.Popcorn Topics

2.Fish Bowl/ Inside-Outside Circle3.Jigsaw

4.ThreeStep Interview

5.Pairs Check

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Unified Approach

Knowledge should bepresented as a whole and not

a fragmented bits.Previous learning should bereinforced.

Knowledge should beexpanded.

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Unified ApproachIllustration

SocietyCulture

Social Institutions

Socialization

Social Status

Social Roles

A group of people

sharing a common Every individuals behavior

creates a so called

It is made up of

Socialization to adopt

the same

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