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APS Design & Drafting Standards

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE

SECTION 1 -- GENERAL DRAFTING STANDARDS

1.1 - SCOPE1.2 - GENERAL RULES1.3 - VIEWS PRESENTATIONS1.4 - SECTION LINING1.5 - PRINT FOLDING FORMAT1.6 - CHECK OF DRAWINGS

SECTION 2 -- AUTOEDMSThis section is under development

2.1 - INTRODUCTION2.2 - LOGGING ON2.3 - OPENING FORMS2.4 - SEARCHING THE DATABASE2.5 - CHECKING OUT A DRAWING2.6 - RUNNING AUTOCAD2.7 - CHECKING IN A DRAWING2.8 - VIEWING AUTOCAD DRAWINGS

2.9 - CREATING A NEW DRAWING2.10 - DCNs, DOCUMENT CONTROL NUMBERS2.11 - LOGGING OUT

SECTION 3 -- AUTOCAD PRACTICES3.1 - SCOPE3.2 - AUTOCAD PRACTICES

SECTION 4 -- PREFERRED LIMITS AND FITS FOR CYLINDRICAL PARTS4.1 - SCOPE4.2 - DEFINITIONS4.3 - SELECTION OF FITS4.4 - STANDARD FITS4.5 - RECOMMENDED TOLERANCE SYSTEM

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SECTION 5 -- DRAWING NUMBERS AND REVISIONS

5.1 - SCOPE5.2 - DRAWING NUMBERS5.3 - DRAWING REVISIONS

SECTION 6 -- GENERAL DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING6.1 - SCOPE6.2 - DEFINITIONS6.3 - GENERAL DIMENSIONING RULES6.4 - UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

6.5 - APPLICATIONS OF DIMENSIONS6.6 - TOLERANCING6.7 - GENERAL TOLERANCING RULES

SECTION 7 -- SURFACE FINISH7.1 - SCOPE7.2 - APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS7.3 - DEFINITIONS AND TECHNICAL ISSUES

SECTION 8 -- WELDS AND WELD SYMBOLIZATION8.1 - SCOPE8.2 - DEFINITIONS8.3 - WELD DESIGN FOR UHV COMPONENTS

SECTION 9 -- SCREWS, NUTS AND WASHERS9.1 - SCOPE9.2 - DIMENSIONS9.3 - MATERIALS9.4 - SCREW SIZES9.5 - THREADS9.6 - DRAWING REPRESENTATIONS9.7 - SUSPECT/COUNTERFEIT PARTS

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SECTION 10 -- FACILITIES DESIGN STANDARD10.1 - SCOPE10.2 - FLOOR PLAN ORIENTATION10.3 - DRAWING SCALES

10.4 - DRAWING SCALE PROVISIONS/NOMENCLATURE10.5 - DRAWING REDUCTION10.6 - DIMENSIONING10.7 - PLOTTING10.8 - MANUAL DRAWING DETAILS, SECTIONS, ELEVATIONS, FLOOR PLANS, ETC.10.9 - DRAWING SHEETS10.10 - TEXT10.11 - CADD COMPATIBILITY10.12 - SYMBOLS10.13 - LAYERING10.14 - ABBREVIATIONS10.15 - REVISIONS AND MODIFICATIONS

10.16 - FACILITY DOCUMENT NUMBER10.17 - CADD FILE NAME10.18 - SECTION AND DETAILING NOMENCLATURE10.19 - TITLE BLOCK10.20 - ELECTRONIC DRAWING REVIEW10.21 - FINAL SUBMITTAL OF DRAWINGS

SECTION 11 -- DETAILED CHECKING PROCEDURE11.1 - SCOPE

11.2 - CHECKING PROCEDURE

PREFACE

This Design and Drafting standard has been compiled in order for the Advanced Photon Source'sDesign and Drafting Group to better communicate design requirements to our customers.

Through better communication, the Design and Drafting Group hopes to create a mutualunderstanding of our design requirements among all of our customers.

Only if such mutual understanding exists can the Advanced Photon Source be assured that all of oursuppliers are building our needed components as we require.

When building components for the Advanced Photon Source, close adherence to the standardestablished in this manual is vital. Following these standards means that the components will meetour requirements, but more importantly, that the components supplied by the vendors will meet the

Advanced Photon Source's standard of quality for the useful life of the machine.

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Although this manual presents a consolidation of available information, it is impracticable to includeall data pertinent to the fabrication of components; therefore, sound reasoning and good judgmentmust be exercised in making interpretations from this manual.

Thank you

Paul Choi

The following valuable contributions were made in the development of this manual. Sections 1 and3-9 were coordinated by S.Sharma.Main Contributors for the sections:

Section 1: C. Brite, S. Sharma, A. Barcikowski

Section 2: M. Eisenberg, P. Choi

Section 3: D. Prokop, E. Rotela

Section 4: S. Hanuska, G. Goeppner, S. Sharma, D. Jaskoviak

Section 5: S. Sharma, D. Shu, L. Pruitt

Section 6: E. Rotela, S. Sharma, A. Barcikowski

Section 7: D. Mangra, S. Sharma, P. Choi

Section 8: E. Trackhtenberg, I.C. Sheng, S. Sharma, A. Barcikowski

Section 9: S. Hanuska, S. Sharma, P. Choi

Section 10: D. Prokop, P. Choi

The manual was carefully reviewed by P. Belko and F. Saffrahn. Thanks to A. Salzbrunn for typingand editing several versions of the manual. We also would like to thank Kevin Costello and R.Fenner for the cover drawing. ANSI Y14.5M is included as an appendix to compliment the manual.

SECTION 1 -- GENERAL DRAFTING STANDARDS

1.1 SCOPE

This section defines general rules and practices to be followed by all APS designers and drafters toproduce design drawings of consistent and professional quality. The contents of this section areintended to be consistent with various American national standards listed in Table 1.1. Because ofthe broad scope of the APS design and drafting activities and the need for an accurate interpretationof the drawings produced, any use of special or local practices is strongly discouraged.

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The accuracy and adequacy of the design and drafting work and its compliance with the applicablestandards remain the responsibility of the designer or drafter. Nothing contained in this manual shallbe construed as relieving the designer or drafter of the individual responsibility for producing qualitydrawings.

1.2 GENERAL RULES

1.2.1 All drawings shall comply with rules and guidelines for dimensioning and tolerancing given inSection 6.

1.2.2 Commercially available components are to be used whenever possible. Catalog number, shortdescription, supplier name, and quantities are to be given on the parts list.

1.2.3 Each detail shall be drawn on a separate sheet except for tooling, weldments, and architecturaldrawings.

1.2.4 Each detail is to contain all information needed for fabrication independent of other drawings(with the possible exception of drill-on-assembly techniques). This includes, but is not limited to:

(a) Specific materials called for by name, identifying number, and specification.

(b) Material hardness and hardness depth.

(c) Annealing or stress relieving.

(d) Surface finish symbols.

(e) Weld symbols with joint sizes and other requirements (See Section 8).

(f) Testing specifications, such as pressure tests, vacuum tests, dye penetrant tests, magna-flux

tests, radiographic tests, etc.

(g) Finish specifications such as painting, plating, etc.

(h) Brazing specifications.

(i) Calculated weight for heavy components. In special cases add provisions for lifting.

(j) Identification of all assemblies with the drawing number.

1.2.5 Sub-assemblies, in general, are to be drawn in the same orientation as their assembly.

1.2.6 Dimensions given are to be the ones used to fabricate, inspect, and match other parts.

1.2.7 Prints are not to leave the Laboratory with pencilled or penned markings. Drawings are to berevised to reflect such markings. See Section S on Drawings Numbers and Revisions.

1.2.8 All drawings are to be brought up to date and revisions noted in the revision block (see Section7).

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1.2.9 Reasonable simplified drafting practices shall be used. Repetition, excessive use of hiddenlines, unnecessary views, shading, and overuse of section lines are to be avoided.

1.2.10 The term "TYP" shall not be used. The number of specific places must be noted. The "X" is afull character height or upper case. (Example: 2X).

1.2.11 The use of multiple sheet drawings should be avoided if possible. If multiple sheet drawingsmust be used they must all have the same log number and document number listed in title blocks.

All sheets must have the same title listed in title blocks, since DCC can enter only one (1) in thedatabase. All sheets must be of the same size and scale. When revising multiple sheet drawings, therevision levels (i.e., the last two (2) digits of the log number and document number) must be updatedon all sheets.

1.2.12 All dimension, text, notes will be in capital letters, block form, and aligned horizontally with thedrawing title block. The exception is for art work, labels, and logos that are specified on a drawing.

1.2.13 All dimensions shall be decimal values. The use of fractions is to be avoided. The exceptionis in the identifier for thread sizes, both fraction and decimal values are acceptable.

1.2.14 No symbols are to be used unless otherwise approved. Only acceptable APS abbreviationsare allowed.

1.2.15 All characters height will be .13. All sectionals, views, and identifiers text will be .25 in heightand may be in BOLD characters.

1.2.16 All title block titles will reflect the W.B. S. titles description on the first four (4) or less of thetitle block.

1.3 VIEWS PRESENTATION

1.3.1 All drawings shall be produced using the "third angle orthographic projection" system. The thirdangle system is preferred as the American standard because the views are the same as thoseobtained by observing the object from the front, top, side, or rear as indicated by directional arrowsinFigure 1.1. The arrangement of typical views is shown inFigure 1.2.A minimum number of views,necessary to completely describe the object, shall be used.

1.3.2 Sectional views shall be placed as close as practical behind the arrows, showing the shapeand construction of the object at the cutting plane (seeFigure 1.3).

If it becomes necessary to rotate a sectional view, the degree of rotation and direction are specified.

A sectional view must be identified by its title consisting of the full word SECTION followed by the

pair of letters; for example, SECTION A-A, SECTION B-B, etc. Avoid use of letters I, O, Q, S, X, Yand Z for sectional views. Lettering shall be upper case.

1.3.3 Detail views shall be shown in the same plane and in the same arrangement as in the principalview. Two ways of identifying the area of detail are shown inFigure 1.4. The view scale is specifieddirectly below the view (and its title).

1.4 SECTION LINING

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For general use a cross-section lining symbology depicting cast iron (seeFigure 1.3) shall be usedon detail and assembly drawings, regardless of actual material. When two or more materials must beidentified individually in a drawing, use the material-specific symbology of the latest ANSI Standardswherever applicable.

1.5 PRINT FOLDING FORMAT

For ease of handling and filing, prints shall comply with the folding format depicted in Figure 1.5.Final folded will be approximately 8.5 inch vertical x 11.0 inch horizontal.

1.6 CHECK DRAW INGS

1.6.1 In general, drawings will be reviewed for general compliance with the following:

a. Established standards

b. Manufacturing feasibility

c. Dimensional tolerance considerations

d. General Safety practice

e. Simplicity

f. Economy

g. View alignment

h. Scale

i. Materials

j. Fit of mating parts

1.6.2 All reference materials should be made available to the checkers. 1.6.3 APS Design Room Check Print Procedure:

1. The designer shall make a set of prints upon completion of a job. These prints shall bestamped "CHECK PRINTS" and dated. The first set of "CHECK PRINTS" shall be no largerthan "D" size format (21.00" x 33.00").

2. This set of prints shall be given to the design room manager. Designer will move files fromD/D to checker using AutoEDMS.3. The design room manager will forward the prints to the checker. Rush job priorities will be

authorized by the design room manager.4. The designer will furnish reference materials and others requested by the checker. This

reference material shall include:

a. Layouts

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b. Calculations

c. Reference prints of mating parts and existing parts

d. Location of coordinates

e. Copies of catalog data for purchased parts

f. Copies of the pages from the drawing numbers from which numbers have been assigned,DCC forms, and IDP forms.

g. An up-to-date electronic file copy of the corresponding assembly.

5. Signed check prints will be delivered to the design room manager. Reference data will bereturned to the designer.

6. The design room manager will give the check prints to the designer for updating.7. Updated originals plus check prints will be given to the checker by the designer. If the

designer makes any new changes he must notify the checker of all changes.

8. The checker will back-check the drawings, sign the originals, and then return the originals tothe design room manager. The check prints and the reference material will be filed for areasonable length of time.

9. After all signatures are on originals, they are forwarded to DCC and checker will move thefiles from checker to DCC using AutoEDMS.

SECTION 2 -- AUTOEDMS

Contents in this chapter are for reference only.

AUTOEDMS 3.1 is currently under development, and new standards will follow afterAUTOEDMS 3.1 is installed.

Thanks,

Paul Choi

SECTION 3 -- AutoCAD PRACTICES

3.1 SCOPE

All official APS drawings are produced on the AutoCAD system. The purpose of this section is tooutline general AutoCAD practices that have been implemented to promote drafting efficiency, andaccess and portability of the design drawings.

3.2 Au toCAD PRACTICES

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3.2.1 All drawings produced on the AutoCAD system shall comply with the applicable ANSIstandards and the standards not included in this manual. 3.2.2 Access to the AutoCAD system willbe via AutoEDMS (see Section 2) unless specifically exempted by the Supervisor, or the responsibleengineer.

3.2.3 A new drawing shall be initiated by downloading a standard formatted blank drawing (via

AutoEDMS) containing APS-designated title block and border. An appropriate size FORMAT scaledto fit the drawing's requirements shall be used. Do not explode the FORMAT.

3.2.4 Use of multiple sheets in a single electronic file should be avoided. See Section 1.2.11.

3.2.5 Drawings shall be created with all features in full size, drawn at 1:1 scale.

3.2.6 The drawing coordinates x,y = 0,0 shall be on lower left corner of the screen.

3.2.7 Associative dimensioning shall be used. The only exception will be when the parts must showbreak lines.

3.2.8 All text shall be in ROMANS vertical font, (not slanted). Character height will be .13 or multiplesof dependent on drawing scale.

3.2.9 All dimensioning symbols will be of standard shapes and sizes. An electronic file of thesymbols will be provided by the D&D Supervisor. Refer to latest ANSI Standards in Dimensioningand Tolerancing Book, Appendix C, Figure C-1.

3.2.10 Hatch patterns available in the standard version of AutoCAD shall be used. (C.I. is preferredwhen nothing else applies).

3.2.11 Colors and line types shall be assigned by layers in all new drawings. The layers shall beidentified by names, rather than by numbers as in the existing drawings. This will ensure the layers'

uniformity in the new drawings without causing conflict when old drawings are imported. The layersshall be identified as follows:

LAYER COLOR NO. COLOR LINETYPE

BORDER 9 Light Blue Continuous

CENTER 1 Red Center

DIM 4 Cyan Continuous

HATCH 8 Light Grey Solid

HIDDEN 3 Green Hidden

OUTLINE 7 White Continuous

PHANTOM 5 Blue Phantom

TEXT 2 Yellow Continuous

TB_INFO 2 Yellow Continuous

TB_TEXT 4 Cyan Continuous

TITLEINF Light Yellow Continuous

MISC 6 Magenta Continuous

3.2.12 Color number 0 (zero) shall be reserved for transporting files and inserting blocks.

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3.2.13 The line width for each layer shall remain fixed. Refer to latest ANSI Standards for moreinformation. (see Figure 3.3).

3.2.14 When saving the electronic file, the GRID and UCIC Icon shall be off, unnecessary views andsections shall be eliminated, and any other extraneous information shall be purged.

3.2.15 Dimension styles and its variables have built-in default values. These values should not bechanged or modified except for the length scale factor, which may be modified for auxiliary viewsand section views, depending on their scale.

SECTION 4 -- PREFERRED LIMITS AND FITS FOR CYLINDRICAL PARTS

4.1 SCOPE

This section covers preferred limits and fits for cylindrical parts used in the design of APSmechanical components. The tables included in this section are based on ANSI B4.1-1979 (R1987).For purchased parts such as shafts, dowels, bearings, bushings, etc., fits and allowances outlined inthis section shall be used when manufacturers' recommendations are not available.

4.2 DEFINITIONS

Allowance: Allowance is the intentional difference between the maximum material limits ofmating parts. It is the minimum clearance or maximum interference intendedbetween such parts.

Tolerance: A tolerance is the total by which a specific dimension may vary.

Basic Size: The basic size is that diameter to which allowances and tolerances are applied toachieve the limits of size for shaft and hole.

Fit: Fit is the general term used to signify the range of tightness which may result fromthe application of a specific combination of allowances and tolerance in the designof mating parts.

Clearance Fit: A clearance fit is one having limits of size so prerscribed that a clearance alwaysresults when mating parts are assembled.

InterferenceFit:

An interference fit is one having limits of size so prescribed that an interferencealways results when mating parts are assembled.

Transition Fit: A transition fit is one having limits of size so prescribed that either a clearance oran interference may result when mating parts are assembled.

Basic HoleSystem:

A basic hole system is a system of fits in which the design size of the hole is thebasic size and the allowance is applied to the shaft. This is the system used in thisstandard.

Basic ShaftSystem:

A basic shaft system is a system of fits in which the design size of the shaft is thebasic size and the allowance is applied to the hole.

4.3 SELECTION OF FITS

In selecting limits of size for any application, the type of fit is determined first, based on the use orservice required from the equipment being designed. Then the limits of size of the mating parts are

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established to insure that the desired fit will be produced. The standard fits shown herein shouldcover most applications.

4.4.1 RC Running or Sl id ing Fi ts:(Table 4.1)

RC 1. Close Sliding Fits are intended for the accurate location of parts which must assemble

without perceptible play.

RC 2. Sliding Fits are intended for accurate location but with greater maximum clearancethan class RC 1. Parts made to this fit move and turn easily but are not intended to run freelyand in the larger sizes may seize with small temperature changes.

RC 3. Precision Running Fits are about the closest fits which can be expected to run freely.They are intended for precision work at slow speeds and light journal pressures, but are notsuitable where appreciable temperature differences are likely to be encountered.

RC 4. Close Running Fits are intended chiefly for running fits on accurate machinery withmoderate surface speeds and journal pressures where accurate locations and minimum play

is desired.

RC 5. Medium Running Fits are intended for higher running speeds or heavy journalpressures or both.

RC 6. Medium Running Fits are intended for applications where more play than RCS isrequired.

RC 7. Free Running Fits are intended for use where accuracy is not essential or where largetemperature variations are likely to be encountered or under both these conditions.

RC 8. Loose Running Fits are intended for use where materials such as cold-rolled shafting

and tubing, made to commercial tolerance are involved.

4.4.2 LC Loc ational Clearnace Fits(Table 4.2)

LC 1 through LC 11 Transition Fits are intended for parts which are normally stationary but whichcan be freely assembled or disassembled. They run form snug fits for parts requiring accuracy oflocation, through the medium clearance fits for parts such as spigots, to the looser fastener fitswhere freedom of assembly is of prime importance.

4.4.3 LT Lo cational Transi t ion Fi ts(Table 4.3)

LT 1 through LT 7 Transition Fits are a compromise between clearance and interference fits, for

application where accuracy of location is important but either a small amount of clearance orinterference is permissible.

4.4.4 LT Loc ational Interference Fits(Table 4.4)

LN 2 and LN 3 Locational Interference Fits are used where accuracy of location is of primeimportance, and for parts requiring rigidity and alignment with no special requirements for borepressure. Such fits are not intended for parts designed to transmit frictional loads from one part toanother by virtue of the tightness of fit, as these conditions are covered by force fits.

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4.4.5 FN Force and Shrin k Fits(Table 4.5)

FN 1 Light Drive Fits requires light assembly pressures and produce more or less permanentassemblies. They are suitable for thin sections or very long fits or in cast-iron external members.

FN 2 Medium Drive Fits are suitable for ordinary steel parts or for shrink fits on light sections. They

are about the tightest fits that can be used with high-grade, cast-iron external members.

FN 3 Heavy Drive Fits are suitable for heavier steel parts or for shrink fits in medium sections.

FN 4 Force Fits are suitable for parts which can be highly stressed or for shrink fits where the heavypressing forces required are impractical.

4.5 RECOMMENDED TOLERANCE SYSTEM

The unilateral system of tolerance is recommended, in which the tolerance on each part (shaft andhole) is disposed in only one direction from the design size,plus for the hole and minus for theshaft.See Examp le

For an example, examine the fits and allowances of a 1" OD x 1/2" ID "home-made" sleeve bearing*carrying a rotating 1/2" OD shaft (see Fig. 4.0). It has been determined that the bearing will bepressed into a steel plate with a medium drive fit (FN 2), and the shaft will be given a free running fit(RC 7).

Plate/Bearing Fit fr omTable 4.5:

1" Nom. Size, Hole = + 0.8 thousandths + .0008

- 0.0 thousandths Plate = 1.0000 dia. - .0000

Shaft (Bearing OD) = + 1.9 thousandths +.0000

+ 1.4 thousandths Prg OD = 1.0019 dia. -.0005

Bearing/Shaft Fit fromTable 4.1:

1/2" Nom. Size, Hole = + 1.6 thousandths + .0016

- 0.0 thousandths Prg ID + .5000 dia. - .0000

Shaft = - 2.0 thousandths + .000

- 3.0 thousandths Shaft OD = .4980 dia. - .001

_________________________

*Purchased sleeve bearings generally come with OD oversize by the amount necessary to achievethe proper press fit in a normal reamed hole. It is therefore necessary for the designer to specify thehole size and tolerance to accommodate the bearing accordingto the "Limits of Clearance" in thetables, or to use the manufacturer's recommendations if available.

SECTION 5 -- DRAWING NUMBERS AND REVISIONS

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5.1 SCOPE

This section describes various drawing numbers and their use on the APS drawings. The drawingnumbers are assigned and controlled by the APS Document Control Center (DCC). Details of theresponsibilities and functions of the DCC and how they affect the designing and drafting process aregiven in "Document Control Center, Hands-on Guide for APS Users." New drawing numbers are

obtained through DCN request forms.

5.2 DRAWING NUMBERS

The following drawings numbers are presently in use:

5.2.1 Log Number

A log number is a seven (7) digit number preceded by a letter (letter A at present), that is assignedto the drawing by the DCC upon written request. This number is assigned sequentially to thedrawings as well as other APS documents. The log numbers often appear to be at random onrelated drawings when the requests for numbers are not submitted at the same time. Once a log

number is assigned to a drawing, it never changes except for its revision level designation, (i.e., itslast two (2) digits). (The last two (2) digits are for revision designation and should coincide with therevision level of the document number).

Because of its small field length (8), the log number is easier to use in database and DOSapplications. It is, therefore, commonly used for storing, searching and retrieving a specific drawingfrom a large database of drawings and documents. In APS drawings, the log number is always usedin conjunction with a drawing number (either a Logical Drawing Number or a Prototype DrawingNumber, see below) in the title block.

5.2.2 Document Number

In September 1992 the DCC replaced the existing septum with a logical drawing numbering systemthat allowed users to identify relationships between assemblies, sub-assemblies, and their parts. ADocument Number consists of three (3) parts: (1) a WBS number, (2) a six-digit sequence, calledLogical Drawing Number (LDN), and (3) a two-digit sequence identifying the drawing revisionnumber.

The multiple-digit WBS number, explained in "Document Control Center, Hands-on Guide for APSUsers," identifies a major component assembly of the APS Project. The six-digit LDN is composed ofthree (3) two-digit sequences (seeFigure 5.1), representing (from left to right) a sub-assembly, asub-sub-assembly, and a part. Figure 5.1 illustrates how this hierarchical breakdown is used for aphoton shutter assembly.

The division of a major component assembly (defined by the WBS number) into sub-assemblies,sub-sub-assemblies, and parts is the responsibility of the cognizant engineer and his designer. For aspecific drawing they propose to the DCC a complete document number consisting of the WBS,LDN, and revision number. The DCC's responsibility is limited to verifying that the proposed numberhas not already been assigned.

In order to avoid any conflict with the old design numbers not based on LDN, the number zero is notallowed in the first digit (left most) of the LDN. This ensures that the assigned number will always bedifferent from the old numbers which contained only five (5) digits.

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5.2.3 Prototype Drawing Number

A prototype drawing number has the same structure as document number except that the former ispreceded by the letter "P" indicating a prototype. This drawing number is used when the componentsbeing designed are still in a prototype phase and may not be used in the APS machine. When aprototype drawing is considered to be acceptable, the prototype drawing number is converted to the

logical drawing number by dropping the letter "P" and incrementing the revision number.

5.2.4 Sketch Number

A sketch number is a five-digit number preceded by the letter "S". Drawings with sketch numbers aregenerally used by engineers and physicists to convey design information to the design and draftingstaff. Their use is restricted to R&D activities. Although the sketch numbers are issued by the DD, itdoes not store or in any way control drawings with sketch numbers.

The use of sketch numbers on the APS production drawings is not to be used. Asof January 1996sketch numbers will no longer be used.

5.2.5 Electronic File Number

The Experimental Facilities Division (XFD) uses electronic file numbers in its Design ExchangeSystem, which is being set-up to exchange design drawings of standard components between XFD,beamline users, and other outside organizations. An electronic file number consists of a descriptiveidentifier of field length two (2) followed by the logical numbering sequence (LDN) explained abovein sub-section 5.2.2. The descriptive identifier essentially replaces the long WBS number. Its firstfield is a letter which represents a component group, and the second field is a number assignedsequentially to different components of that group.

As an example, an existing APS Drawing Number 1415972-810000-00, consisting of WBS1.4.1.5.9.7.2, LDN 810000, and revision 00, is identified as V2810000 in the Design Exchange

System.

5.3 DRAW ING REVISIONS

5.3.1 Revision- The term "revision" refers to any change on the drawing after the drawing has beenapproved and submitted to DCC.

5.3.2 Revision Num ber- The last two digits of the logical drawing number and the prototypedrawing number identify the revision number. The original release is identified by -00, andsubsequent releases are numbered sequentially from -01 to 99.

5.3.3 Document Change Note- A Document Change Note (DCN) must be submitted to the DCC

with the revised drawings for approval and to update the database.

5.3.4 Revision Symbo l- A revision symbol is an identifying number, enclosed in an equilateraltriangle as shown inFigure 5.2. Revision symbols shall be used to locate the revision in the field ofthe drawing. To avoid crowding of revision symbols, a single revision symbol may be used to identifythe changes if they are properly identified and described in the (DCN).

5.3.5 Location- Revision symbols shall be located as near as possible to the notes, lines, views, ordimensions which are changed so as to minimize the number of symbols.

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5.3.6 Multiple Changes- All changes to a drawing incorporated at one time shall be identified bythe same revision number. The changes shall be identified by a revision tri-marker with thatcorresponding revision number.

5.3.7 Revising a Change- Whenever a change is revised, a new symbol shall be placed next to theprevious one.

5.3.8 Revision Bloc k- Each revision shall be recorded in the revision block of the drawing(seeFigure 5.2) showing (1) revision symbol, (2) the DCN number, (3) initials of the person makingthe change, (4) signed initials of the person authorizing the change, and (5) date of the revision.

SECTION 6 -- GENERAL DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING

6.1 SCOPE

Rules and guidelines for dimensioning and tolerancing are intended to establish uniform practices forspecifying and interpreting design requirements. As a rule, all APS drawings shall comply with ANSIY14.5M-82, "Dimensioning and Tolerancing," in its entirety. If there is a conflict, the rules given inthis section shall take precedence.

ANSI Y14.5M-82 is included in this design manual as Appendix 6-A. For a quick reference, only themost commonly used dimensioning and tolerancing requirements are outlined below.

6.2 DEFINITIONS

6.2.1 Dimension. A dimension is a numerical value expressed in appropriate units of measure andindicated on a drawing along with lines, symbols, and notes to define a geometric characteristic ofan object.

6.2.2 Reference Dimensio n (REF). A reference dimension is a dimension without tolerance usedonly for information purposes and does not govern production or inspection operations. Thepreferred method is to place the reference dimension within parentheses.

6.2.3 Nom inal Size (NOM). The nominal size is the designation which is used for the purpose ofgeneral identification, that is, 1.500 IPS, .062 stock size, etc.

6.2.4 Basic Dimension. A numerical value used to describe the theoretically exact size, profile,orientation, or location of a feature or datum target. It is the basis from which permissible variationsare established by tolerances on other dimensions, in notes, or in feature control frames. Basicdimensions are shown on the drawing in enclosed rectangle.

6.2.5 Maximum Material Cond ition (MMC). The condition in which a feature of size contains themaximum amount of material within the stated limits of size; for example, minimum hole diameter,maximum shaft diameter.

6.2.6 Al lowance. An allowance is the intentional difference between the maximum material limits ofmating parts. It is the minimum clearance or maximum interference intended between such parts.

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6.2.7 Tolerance. The total amount by which a specific dimension is permitted to vary. The toleranceis the difference between the maximum and minimum limits.

6.2.8 Standard Tolerances. Dimensions shown without tolerances are controlled by the standardtolerances shown in the title block, except dimensions in welding symbols; those labeled STOCK,NOM, REF, MAX, MIN, BASIC; and similar dimensions that are otherwise controlled.

6.2.9 Datum. A datum is the origin from which the location or geometric characteristics of features ofa part are established. NOT A CENTERLINE.

6.2.10 Feature. The general term applied to a physical portion of a part, such as a surface, hole, orslot.

6.3 GENERAL DIMENSIONING RULES

6.3.1 Dimensioning of parts must convey enough information to define clearly the engineering intent,so that no scaling of drawings is required, nor any assumptions need to be made. Functionaldimensional values is the preferred method.

6.3.2 Each dimension must be expressed clearly so that it will be interpreted only one way. Nofactional dimensions are to be used only decimal dimension is the accepted practice.

6.3.3 No surface, line, or point may be located by more than one toleranced dimension in any onedirection. If a dimension is repeated, it is marked REF.

6.3.4 Dimensions shall be selected and arranged to avoid accumulation of tolerances.

6.3.5 Dimensions are shown on the view that most clearly represents the form of the feature beingdimensioned.

6.3.6 Dimensions are shown outside the outline of the part unless clarity is impaired.

6.3.7 Dimensioning to hidden lines shall be avoided.

6.3.8 Dimensions must be selected to give the required information directly so that no calculationsare needed to arrive at usable figures.

6.3.9 Where practicable, the finished part should be defined without specifying the manufacturingmethod. Thus, only the diameter of a hole is given without specifying how it is to be produced.

6.3.10 Dimensions out of scale shall be avoided.

6.3.11 Unidirectional dimensioning is to be used, that is, all dimensions and notes should be alignedwith the bottom of the drawing.

6.4 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

6.4.1 All drawings produced by APS (except the Conventional Facilities Division) shall use the inchas the unit of measurement as per ANSI Y14.5.

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6.4.2 On drawings that are not to be released for production or fabricatioin (e.g., drawings formachine physics layout, beamline layout, survey and alignment networks), units of meters ormillimeters may be used as primary units with or without equivalent inch dimensions in brackets. Thedrawing should indicate in a note that this drawing is a metric drawing.

6.5 APPL ICATIONS OF DIMENSIONS

Dimensions are applied with dimension lines or as notes with leaders. Dimension lines indicatelinear distance between feature centers or surfaces directly or by the use of extension lines(seeFigure 6.1).

6.6 TOLERANCING

Dimensional tolerances may be expressed as follows:

6.6.1 Title Blo ck Tolerancing- The tolerances are specified in the title block and depend on thenumber of decimal places used in the basic dimension (Figure 6.2).

6.6.2 Limi t Tolerancing- The high (maximum) value of a dimension is placed above the low(minimum) value as shown inFigure 6.3.

6.6.3 Plus and Minus Tolerancing- The basic dimension is followed by plus and minus tolerancevalues (Figure 6.4).

6.6.4 Geometric Tolerancin g- The tolerances are defined by means of a Feature Control Frame(Figure 6.5) which specifies dimensional limits for an individual geometric feature such as location,orientation, form, profile and runout. The Feature Control Frame is divided into severalcompartments containing (1) geometric characteristic symbol (which is, when applicable, precededby a diameter symbol), and (3) datum references as needed.

Symbols used for geometric tolerances are shown inFigure 6.6. These symbols can be down-loaded from a CAD file available from the design room supervisor.

Figure 6.7shows typical uses of geometric tolerances on a drawing.

6.7 GENERAL TOLERANCING RULES

6.7.1 Tolerances shall be assigned, directly or as default values, to all dimensions in a drawing.

6.7.2 Title block default tolerances shall be used whenever feasible or modified for the drawingrequirements.

6.7.3 For stock such as bars, sheets, tubings, and structural shapes, tolerances established byindustry or Government standards shall apply unless geometric tolerances are specified explicitly.

6.7.4 Tolerances shall be specified to meet actual design requirements. Do not use restrictivetolerances simply because they can be easily generated on a CAD station.

6.7.5 Bilateral tolerances should be selected instead of unilateral tolerances when plus and minustolerancing is used. Preference should be given to equal plus and minus values.

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6.7.6 Tolerances shall have the same number of decimal places as the base dimensions, and havethe same character height as the dimensions.

SECTION 7 -- SURFACE FINISH

7.1 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE

This section outlines the method for specifying the geometric characteristics of surface irregularitiesin APS. Surface roughness, waviness and lay are the only surface irregularities to be consideredunless otherwise stated in APS drawings. These symbols and numerical value classifications shallbe used to define the roughness, waviness and lay of a surface in APS drawings.

7.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

MIL-STD-100 Engineering Practice

ANSI B46.1 Surface Texture, Surface Roughness, Waviness and LayANSI Y14.36 Surface Texture Symbols

ISO 468 Surface Roughness-Parameters, Their Values and General Guidelines

ANSI B46.1 and ANSI Y14.36 must be stated on all APS drawings when surface irregularities needto be controlled.

7.3 DEFINITIONS AND TECHNICAL ISSUES

All terms related to the surfaces of solid material shall be defined per ANSI B46.1 and ANSI Y14.36.These terms are summarized in Figures7.1,7.2,7.3, and7.4.

Some commonly used terms are outlined as follows:

Surface- The surface of an object is te boundary which seperates that object from another object.Substance or space and produced by such means as abrading, casting, coating, cutting, etching,plastic deformation, sintering, wear, erosion, etc.

Roughness- Roughness is the surface feature of random and repetitively spaced minute or smallerfrom the center line. Roughness height is the measured profile height deviation taken withinsampling length. The average spacing between adjacent peaks is known as the roughness widthspacing.

Waviness- Waviness is a more global surface feature than roughness. It is the mean surface uponwhich roughness can be superimposed. Waviness height is the peak-to-valley height of the modifiedprofile from which roughness and flaws have been removed. The average spacing between adjacentpeaks of such a surface is known as the waviness width spacing.

Thus, waviness refers to the larger mean surface upon which roughness is superimposed. However,the roughness number defined deviation from mean centerline.

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Lay- Lay defines the direction of the predominant surface pattern. This surface pattern or tool markis determined by the production method used. This feature may be necessary in sealing of joints andsliding applications of mating surfaces.

It is important to note that these numerical values have dimensions. In APS, the dimensions shall bemicro-inches for roughness height and inches for waviness height, waviness width and roughness

width unless otherwise stated. Most standard and common machining operations are good forroughness height about 63 micro-inches. A summary of the roughness height of other machiningpractices are included in one of the attached.

So do not specify surface finish control in metric format whenever it can be done.Finally, bettersurface finish is very costly.So care must be taken not to request better surface finish than required.

In communicating with metric dimensions, these dimensions and their meaning are going to be quitedifferent.

SECTION 8 -- WELDS AND WELD SYMBOLIZATION

8.1 SCOPE

Preferred design and drafting practices for welds and welding symbolization are given in this section.As a policy, weldments shown on the APS drawings shall conform to the established proceduresrecommended by the American Welding Society, and the weld symbols shall comply with the

ANSI/AWS A2.4, "Symbols for Welding and Non-destructive Testing".

Weld designs for ultra-high vacuum (UHV) components shall follow additional guidelines provided inthis section.

8.2 DEFINITIONS

8.2.1 Welding- Welding is a process in which metals are joined by inducing melting at the abuttingsurfaces. Welding may be performed with our without the use of a filler metal.

8.2.2 Welding Processes- Welding processes may be classified into the following main categories:

Induction Welding (IW):

Arc Welding (AW): Submerged arc, inert gas metal arc, atomic hydrogen, shielded metal arc,carbon arc, twin carbon arc.

Gas Welding (GW): Air acetylene, oxy-acetylene, oxy-hydrogen, gas pressure, (not

recommended for vacuum applications).Thermit Welding (TW): Pressure and non-pressure, (not recommended for vacuum applications).

Resistance Welding(RW):

Spot, seam, projection, flash, upset, percussion.

Electron Beam Welding(EBW):

Laser Welding (LW):

Pulse-arc Welding

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(PAW):

Diffusion Welding(DFW):

8.2.3 Weld Symbols- Weld symbols are ideographs used to represent the type of weld

specified.Figure 8.1shows the most commonly used weld symbols and examples of their use. Referto ANSI/ASW A2.4 for a complete list of weld symbols.

8.2.4 Supplementary Weld Symb ols- Supplementary weld symbols, shown inFigure 8.2, are usedto provide additional information about the extent of the weld, where and how welding is performed,and the contour of the weld bead.

8.2.5 Welding Symbols- Welding symbols are graphical symbols made up of up to eight elementsthat convey explicit welding instructions. The eight elements, shown inFigure 8.3are: reference line,arrow, basic weld symbols, dimensions and other data, supplementary weld symbols, finish symbols,tail and specification, and process or other reference.

8.3 WELD DESIGN FOR UHV COMPONENTS

8.3.1 Water-to-vacuum welds (as well as brazed joints) are not allowed.

8.3.2 Vacuum welds between dissimilar metals must be avoided (electron beam welds betweencopper and stainless steel may be allowed in special cases). Brazing between copper and stainlesssteel, and explosion bonding between aluminum and stainless steel are acceptable.

8.3.3 Preferred UHV weld designs are depicted inFigure 8.3. Unacceptable weld designs are showninFigure 8.4.

8.3.4 Fabrication drawings shall provide proper allowances for weld shrinkage when an accuratepositioning of the UHV components is required.

8.3.5 Weld bead protrusions into the UHV chambers shall comply with the accelerator physicsrequirements (aperture, x-ray heating, etc.).

8.3.6 Changes in material properties (yield strength, ductility, permeability, etc.) in the heat affectedzone must be taken into account in designing weld joints.

8.3.7 A note shall be added to the drawing prohibiting use of filler metals (and brazing alloys)containing low vapor pressure materials (for example, lead, zinc, cadmium phosphorous).

SECTION 9 -- SCREWS, NUTS AND WASHERS

9.1 SCOPEThis section specifies a preferred list of screw type fasteners and washers to be used on APScomponents. It covers only a limited set of screws, nuts, plain and lock washers that meet most ofour general requirements. It in no way shall restrict the use of other materials or types where designproblems deem them necessary.

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9.2 DIMENSIONS

The dimensions of the various fastener elements are given in the respective American nationalStandards Institute standards cited inTable 9.1. Plain washer dimensions are tabulated inTable 9.2.The "TAD DATA" Screw Data Slide Calculator shall serve as the dimensional reference for thestandard screws and lock washers. This slide gives data on screw sizes #0 - 1 in. diameter which

probably represents 95% of our requirements. For other sizes, refer to the respective standards.

9.3 MATERIALS

The materials covered by this standard are limited to steel, stainless steel and brass. These areidentified by the respective ASTM standards or as noted inTable 9.1. Material call out shall followexamples shown in Table 9.1.

9.4 SCREW SIZES

Although this standard does not restrict choice of sizes,Tables 9.3and9.4list the sizes that arecommercially available. However, preference should be given to sizes listed in the Argonne Stores

Catalog. It is recommended that the UNC series be specified for machine screws because coarsethreads make up the bulk of production. The notable exception is size #10-32 where a full selectionof lengths is available. Recommended tap drill sizes are given inTable 9.5.

9.5 THREADS

Threads are to be manufactured in accordance with the coarse, fine or 8-thread series, class 2A orclass 3A, of ANS B1.1, "Unified Screw Threads". Socket screws shall, however, be manufactured tothe UNR Thread Series (ANS B1.7) with controlled root radius.

9.6 DRAW ING REPRESENTATIONS

Screws, bolts, nuts and threads shall be represented in drawings as shown inTables9.1,9.2,9.3,9.4, and9.5.

9.7 SUSPECT/COUNTERFEIT PARTS

The U.S. Department of Energy and the Argonne National Laboratory are concerned thatSuspect/Counterfeit parts and materials are not incorporated into APS systems and components. Alist of Suspect/Counterfeit parts will be provided to the successful bidder of goods and services. Theawarded seller of items and services to the APS will assure that none of the indicatedSuspect/Counterfeit parts and materials are incorporated or installed on or within components orequipment. These special requirements will be noted within drawings, specifications, statements ofwork, and general instructions.

Typical Noti f icat ion Statement on APS Drawings

NOTE:

This drawing/application requires the use of high-strength fasteners such as grade 5 or grade 8bolts. In an effort to prevent the introduction of Suspect/Counterfeit parts into APS components, a listdenoting unfavorable fastener manufactures will be provided by ANL/APS Procurement. The

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