APUSH Quiz Review

Chapter 13

The phrase "Manifest Destiny" refers to the idea that God was making it manifest to the American people that it was their destiny to extend their country to most, perhaps all, of North America

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Henry Clay, among other prominent Americans, feared that the Manifest Destiny craze would re-open the controversial issue of whether new states would be slave or free

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Americans began to migrate into Texas in the early 1820s because the Mexican government invited them to do so

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Regarding the relationship between Texas and the United States, in the late 1830s, it was believed that under leaders such as Stephen Austin, American immigrants to Texas attempted to establish a free republic that would be independent of Mexico and culturally tied to the United States.

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The battle cry "Remember the Alamo!" referred to the brutal slaughter of Tejanos by Mexican soldiers led by General Santa Ana at the Alamo, in 1836

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Once Texas became an independent nation separate from Mexico, the issue of inviting Texas for full statehood was complicated by Sam Houston's desire to remain as "president for life" of Texas, a position he knew he would have to give up if his people succeeded in their drive to oust him and apply for statehood

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The United States shared a joint occupation of the Oregon territories in the 1840s with Great Britain

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The missionaries Marcus and Narcissa Whitman wrote that because the Nez Percé were resisting conversion to Christianity, they deserved whatever white settlers might do to them to take their lands

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Wagon trains rarely experienced Indian raids Less than 1% of settlers died as a result of

battles with the Indians

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The political slogan, "54/40 or Fight!" referred to the disputed northern boundary of Oregon Territory

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The 54/40 controversy was settled by treaty

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Regarding the Mexican War (1846-1848), The actual shooting started over disputes

about the southern boundary of Texas Both sides intended to have ultimate control

over California President Polk had predicted the war would be

over in four years, and was both astonished and surprised to find it over in only two

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David Wilmot's proviso [amendment] to the appropriations bill for funding the War with Mexico stipulated that Congress should add a condition to the bill that any land won from Mexico must be forever free from slavery

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"Coolies" were Chinese laborers imported to work in gold mines or on the railroads

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Regarding the Gold Rush, By making migration to the new territories more

popular, it put pressure on Congress to resolve the status of the territories and decide how and when they could be admitted to the Union

It created a temporary labor shortage, resulting in increased toleration by white Americans for immigrant laborers

It led to a remarkably heterogeneous population in California

It caused the growth of many cities, even though the gold mines were generally not located near cities

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"Taylor believed that statehood could become the solution to the issue of slavery in the territories. As long as the new lands were territories, the federal government was responsible for deciding the fate of slavery within in them. But once they became states, their own governments would be able to settle the slavery question.“

In this statement, Alan Brinkley indicates that President Zachary Taylor favored popular sovereignty

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In the debate over admission of the new territories, John C. Calhoun insisted that North and South have equal rights in proposing slavery (or not) in the territories' admission as states, and that this right did not belong just to the territories themselves

He wanted an amendment to the Constitution that would guarantee a balance of power between North and South; and he advocated a "dual presidency," one president for North and one for South

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The 1850 Compromise that Henry Clay had proposed regarding the admission of new states was considered an "omnibus bill." Using the word "omnibus" indicated that it tried to be many things for many people, although Clay himself doubted it would work

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Democrat Franklin Pierce was elected president in 1852 largely because he avoided making any campaign discussion of slavery

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Federal fugitive slave laws . . . denied the right of trial by jury to black slaves who

escaped from their master allowed judges to turn escaped slaves back to their

owners without any verification from the alleged owner that he had actually owned that slave

were occasionally "nullified" by non-slaveholding states were upheld by the Supreme Court during the 1850s

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Franklin Pierce's "Young America" movement was meant to encourage young Americans at home and abroad to work for the spread of American-style democracy across the world

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When Senator Stephen Douglas proposed the creation of the new states Kansas and Nebraska out of part of the Louisiana Purchase, his idea for deciding if they were to be slave or free was to let the states themselves decide

He called this idea "popular sovereignty"

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The Kansas-Nebraska Act destroyed the Whig Party, divided the Democrat Party, and led to the creation of a new Republican Party

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Why did Kansas "bleed" in the 1850s? Why was it referred to as “Bleeding Kansas?”

Because of the notion of popular sovereignty, both pro-slavers and anti-slavers moved in large numbers to Kansas to affect voting on the issue; violent confrontations and shootings between the two groups were common

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"So, this is the little woman who caused all the trouble," said Abraham Lincoln when he met the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin

She was Harriet Beecher Stowe

At one point, Harriet Beecher Stowe lived next door to Mark Twain in Hartford, Connecticut

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The Congressional Gag Rule, adopted in 1836 and repealed in 1844, provided that no anti-slavery petitions would be read or heard in Congress

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Which adjective best describes the presidency of James Buchanan?

Indecisive

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The controversial decision in the case Dred Scott v. Sandford ruled that no slave had rights that a white man was obligated to recognize, and . . .

that the Missouri Compromise had been unconstitutional

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John Brown was a radical, militant abolitionist

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Abraham Lincoln's was the "compromise candidate" of the Free Soil Party. political party

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