AQA FURTHER C2.3.1 Calculate the RMM (MR) of different ... · Title: Microsoft Word - AQA FURTHER...

PLC Papers

Created For:

Year 11 C2 Questions & Answers

Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. © Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016

AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.1.1 Describe and explain the bonding between group 1 & 7 elements.

Question 1

1. Elements from group 1 the …………………. metals react with elements from group 7 the

……………………………………………. to form ………………………. ………………………… The group 1 metals such as

……………………………. lose ……………….. electron from their …………………….. shell to elements such as

………………………… who gain the electron to become ………………………. …………………………………

(8 marks)

Total 8 marks

Halogens negatively charged positively charged alkali

Ionic bonds magnesium sodium oxygen chlorine one two

outer inner


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.1.1 Describe covalent bonding in simple molecules

Question 1

1. Using the electron configuration shown below

H 1

C 2, 4

O 2, 6

Cl 2, 8, 7

Describe the bonding in water.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(2 marks)

3. Define the term covalent bonding

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(1 mark)

4.

Complete the diagram above for H2 diatomic molecule and explain how the bonding occurs.

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(4 marks)

Total 7 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.1.1 Describe how ions are formed and represent them using square brackets

Question 1

1.

https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=structure+of+an+atom&safe=strict&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT_bObgo7LAhVLVRQKH

WToAKQQ_AUIBygB&biw=1440&bih=806

Name the central part of the atom.

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Name the particle with no charge

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Name the particle held in the shells

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(3 marks)

2. Draw a ring around the mass number of oxygen

16 12 6 8

Draw a ring around the atomic number of oxygen

14 12 6 8

(2 marks)

https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=structure+of+an+atom&safe=strict&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT_bObgo7LAhVLVRQKHWToAKQQ_AUIBygB&biw=1440&bih=806

https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=structure+of+an+atom&safe=strict&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT_bObgo7LAhVLVRQKHWToAKQQ_AUIBygB&biw=1440&bih=806

https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Atombau_fluor.png&imgrefurl=https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Biology,_Answering_the_Big_Questions_of_Life/Atoms_and_Molecules&h=600&w=600&tbnid=AubDSPeIv6iIjM:&docid=JIgzDu6xWnaiQM&ei=GmLMVs6cO8T3UMK9ufAI&tbm=isch&ved=0ahUKEwjOkeCfgo7LAhXEOxQKHcJeDo4QMwiEAShZMFk


3. Draw the electronic structure of oxygen

(1 mark)

4. Draw the electron structure of an oxygen ion

(2 marks)

Total 8 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.1.1 Explain metallic bonding in terms of delocalised electrons

Question 2

Metallic bonding occurs between the metal…………….. and the ………………………………. ……………………………………

Each metal …………………….. donates ……………… electron from their outer ………………………….. These

become delocalised and are free to ……………………… and carry …………………………..

(7 marks)

Total 7 marks

atom delocalised electrons ion elements delocalised protons shell rings

move electrons charge compounds outer two


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.1.1 Explain the process of ionic bonding

Question 1

1.Choose the word that best describes:

Sodium…………………………

Sodium chloride…………………………………

(2 marks)

2. Write the chemical formula for sodium chloride using the data sheet to help you.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Name the type of bonding that this represents

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(2 marks)

3. Describe how sodium reacts with chlorine to produce sodium chloride.

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(4 marks)

Total 8 marks

Compound atom element mixture hydrocarbon


AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.1 Explain the role of intermolecular forces when a substance melts/boils

Question 1

1. Name the state that simple molecules are at room temperature

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(1 mark)

2. Describe how these simple molecules bond

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(2 marks)

3. Explain why they have low melting or boiling point.

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(2 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.1 Explain why simple molecules do not conduct electricity

Question 1

1.Using the words from the box below fill in the missing words.

Simple molecules such as hydrogen (………) are gases at room temperature as they have ……………….. melting

and ………………………… points. They are simple ……………………………. structures that contain no overall

……………………………. and so do not ………………………………… electricity.

(6 marks)

Total 6 marks

ionic H2 water H2O freezing

covalent charge boiling electricity heat


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.1 Recall that all simple molecules have low melting and boiling points

Question 1

1.

(4 marks)

2. Use your knowledge to fill in the gaps.

Simple molecules such as water and carbon dioxide as liquids or ……………… at room temperature because they

have ……………………….. intermolecular………………………… between the molecules.

(3 marks)

Total 7 marks

Covalent bonding

A shared pair of

electrons

Water

Gases A liquid at room

temperature

A simple molecule

contain carbon

Carbon dioxide

Simple molecules

tend to be…..


AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.2 Describe the structure and use of fullerenes

Question 1

1. Graphene is a new form of carbon that has been discovered. It can conduct electricity, is a

nanoparticle and is very strong.

https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=graphene&FORM=IARRTH&ufn=Graphene&stid=f05f0bbf-9d90-a8d2-e2dd-de9abb7b6337&cbn=EntityAnswer&cbi=0&FORM=IARRTH

Using the picture and your knowledge explain why graphene can conduct electricity

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(2 marks)

2.Explain why graphene is strong.

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(3 marks)

Total 5 marks





AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.2 Explain the structure and properties of ionic compounds (NaCl)

QWC

Question: Explain the structure and properties of ionic compounds such as salt

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(Total 6 marks)

https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiW46j3zJDLAhVFWxQKHSezAAEQjRwIBw&url=http

%3A%2F%2Fwww.naturallythinking.com%2Fcategories%2FIngredients%2FSalts%2F&psig=AFQjCNGQTUd7StL-2XxSn-VjPyg75UYh-Q&ust=1456410201547904

https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiW46j3zJDLAhVFWxQKHSezAAEQjRwIBw&url=http://www.naturallythinking.com/categories/Ingredients/Salts/&psig=AFQjCNGQTUd7StL-2XxSn-VjPyg75UYh-Q&ust=1456410201547904


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.3 Describe covalent bonding in giant structures diamond, graphite & silicon dioxide

Question 1

Circle the appropriate answers below

covalent

1.Diamond contains ionic bonds

simple

(1 mark)

5

2.Each carbon atom is attached to 4 other atoms

3

(1 mark)

Giant covalent

3.Diamond is a giant ionic structure

Simple covalent

(1 mark)

three

4.In diamond all of the atoms are bonded together

none

(1 mark)

hard

5.Diamond is a soft structure

Simple

(1 mark)

Total 5 marks



AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.3 Explain the conductivity of graphite

Question 1

1.Describe the structure of graphite and use it to explain why graphite can conduct electricity even though it is

a non-metal.

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(5 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.4 Describe the structure and properties of metals

Question 1

1.Metals donate ………………………… from each metal atom’s ………………………… shell. These form a sea of

delocalised ………………………….. that form the bond with the metal ……………………. The opposite ………………………

attract each other and form a giant………………………………

(6 marks)

2. Describe why pure metals are soft

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(2 marks)

Total 8 marks

proton electrons electrons atom ion charges

particles lattice shape


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.4 Describe what a shape memory alloy is and give an example

Question 1

1.Nitinol is a shape memory …………………………………………..

(1 mark)

2. Explain why Nitinol is used as dental braces

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(2 marks)

3. Steel and gold are also used for braces. Suggest two factors you need to consider when choosing the

correct metal to use.

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(3 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.4 Describe why alloys are harder than pure metals

Question 1

1.Brass is a mixture of two metals, copper and zinc.

A mixture of two metals is known as an……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(1 mark)

2. Circle the correct answers

Copper and zinc are different

compounds sizes shapes

Which means it brass …………………………. than copper

shinier prettier harder

(2 marks)

3. Explain why the construction industry prefers to use steel to pure iron.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

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(3 marks)

Total 6 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.2.4 Explain how metals conduct heat

Question 1

1.State and explain the two properties that allows copper to be used as saucepans

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

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(5 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.5 Compare the structures and properties of thermosetting and thermosoftening

polymers

QWC

Question 1: Compare the structures and properties of thermosetting and thermos-softening polymers, you

may include diagrams

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(Total 6 marks)


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.5 Explain that the properties of polymer depend on what they are made of

Question 1

1.Use you own knowledge to fill in the gaps.

The properties of polymers depend on what they are …………………….. from and the …………………… under which

they are made. For example, ………………. …………….. (LD) and ……………………….. ………………………(HD) poly(ethene)

are produced using different ………………………. and reaction conditions.

(5 marks)

2. Name the two types of polymers

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(2 marks)

Total 7 marks

catalysts temperatures made purchased reaction

conditions high density high definition low density lesser density


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.2.6 Describe what nanoscience is and how this can lead to new developments

Question 1

1.Nanoparticles have many uses, circle the correct one from below

suntan creams as a test for CO2 in asthma inhalers

(1 mark)

2. In relation to normal sized particles, nanoparticles are, circle the correct one from below

the same size `much smaller much larger

(1 mark)

3. Nanoparticles can be used as catalysts due to their……………….. . Circle the correct one from below

size reactivity surface area to volume ratio

(1 mark)

4. Nanoparticles have …………………….. properties to normal sized particles. Circle the correct one from below

same different similar

(1 mark)

5. Nanoparticles have been used in cosmetics as they are ……………….. Circle the correct one from below

more reactive creamier lighter

(1 mark)

Total 5 marks


C . . Calculate the RMM MR of differe t co pou ds & recall what a Mole is Questio .Defi e the ter o e ole

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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arks

. Calculate the relative for ulas ass of ag esiu chloride MgCl

Ar

Mg=

Cl= .

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

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arks

. What is the ass of o e ole of ag esiu chloride MgCl

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

ark

Total arks


AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.1 Describe how RAM (Ar) of an element is compare to the C12 isotope

Question 1

1.Using the words in the box below complete the following sentences.

…………………………… atomic …………………. (Ar) is a way of saying how ………………………. an element is compared to

……………………………..-12. The ……………….. of carbon is exactly………………….. In reality the …………………………

atomic ………………… for an ………………………… is their …………………………. …………………………………

(8 marks)

2

Total 8 marks

Atomic number relative number mass carbon oxygen

Compound mass number element heavy 12

16 carbon relative mass number Ar


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.1 Recall what atomic structure is and describe what isotopes are

Question 1

1.Name the element that has 12 protons.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(1 mark)

2. State the mass and atomic number of the element iodine

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(2 marks)

3. State how many neutrons iodine has

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

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(1 mark)

4. Define the term isotope

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

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(1 mark)

5. Describe how I127 differs from I131

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(2 marks)

Total 7 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.2 Describe how gas chromatography and mass spectrometry work

QWC

Question: Describe how gas chromatography and mass spectrometry work

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(Total 6 marks)


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.2 Describe how paper chromatography can be useful

Question 1

1.Explain why the line for paper chromatography is never drawn in pen

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(1 mark)2.

https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/tlc6.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/

chromatography/paper.html&h=188&w=364&tbnid=7HJy9KFhui-

EyM:&docid=dOQeDY8YxWohmM&ei=C9DOVqGiIqqd6ASeqr3gBw&tbm=isch&ved=0ahUKEwjh05Gw05LLAhWqDpoKHR5VD3wQMwhiKDcwNw

What do the results tell you above the composition of M?

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(1 mark)

4. Describe the method for setting up paper chromatography

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(3 marks)

Total 5 marks

https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/tlc6.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/paper.html&h=188&w=364&tbnid=7HJy9KFhui-EyM:&docid=dOQeDY8YxWohmM&ei=C9DOVqGiIqqd6ASeqr3gBw&tbm=isch&ved=0ahUKEwjh05Gw05LLAhWqDpoKHR5VD3wQMwhiKDcwNw





AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.2 Explain how the mass spec can give the RMM substances separated

Question 1

1.Explain why mass spectrometers are used in industry to analysis substances.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(2 marks)

2. Explain how the mass spectrometers can provide the relative molecular mass of substances

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(3 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.2 Explain why instrumental methods of chemical analysis are useful

Question 1

1.Companies and universities use instrumental methods to analysis elements and compound. Three such

techniques are:

1.) Paper ………………………………….

2.) Gas ……………………………………..

3.) …………………………. Spectrometer.

Complete the three techniques.

(3 marks)

2. These techniques have many advantages. Suggest two such advantages.

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(2 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.3 Calculate empirical formula

Question 1

1.Scientisits have found a compound containing

Lithium 22% aluminium 23% oxygen 55%

Using the percentages calculate the empirical formula

Ar- Li- 7 Al-27 O-16

You must show all your working out.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

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(5 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL HT ONLY C2.3.3 Calculate masses of reactants from balanced equations

Question 1

1. Balance the equation below:

…………………….H2 + ……………………O2 → ……………. H2O

(2 mark)

2. Calculate the mass of oxygen needed to make 120g of water

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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(3 mark)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.3 Describe what reversible reactions are

Question 1

1.Define the symbol

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(1 mark)

2. Describe what a reversible reaction is.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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(2 marks)

3. Explain why reversible reactions never produce 100% yields.

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(2 marks)

Total 5 marks

https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.revisescience.co.uk/2011/schools/sspp/..%5C..%5Cimages%5Creversible.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.revisescience.co.uk/2011/schools/sspp/sp2reversible.asp&h=127&w=137&tbnid=NyquaGoNM3TBOM:&docid=k7AZolR_NqnpxM&ei=sSPPVujdFsPxaJbBhFA&tbm=isch&ved=0ahUKEwio-oSTo5PLAhXDOBoKHZYgAQoQMwgfKAAwAA


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.3 Explain how the % of an element in a compound can be calculated

Question 1

1.Calculate the relative formula mass of hydrogen peroxide H2O2.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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(2 marks)

2. Calculate the percentage of oxygen in hydrogen peroxide

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(2 marks)

3. If oxygen is 89% of the compound water, how much is hydrogen?

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(1 mark)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.3.3 Explain what percentage yield is and explain the limitations of calculating it

Question 1

1.Define the term percentage yield

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(1 mark)

2. When performing an experiment making paracetamol the scientists expert to produce 150g of the product,

in reality they found that they produced 120g. Calculate the percentage yield for the experiment.

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(2 marks)

3. Suggest two reason why the scientists did not achieve a 100% yield.

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(2 marks)

Total 5 marks


AQA ADDITIONAL C2.4.1 describe how to measure the rate of reaction using a simple equation

Question 1

1.Describe the two methods of measuring the rate of a reaction

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(4 marks)

2.Write one of the two methods as an equation

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(1 mark)

Total 5 marks

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