Aqeedah Course A course that took place in Philadelphia An important series of lectures on Aqeedah, beginning with a point to point explana9on of KhutbatulHaajah. In the following audio Shaykh Saalih Ibn Sa’d asSuhaymee (hafidahullaah) explains the purpose of the crea9on of jinn and mankind. Then he goes onto explain the three levels of our religion using the wellknown hadeeth of Jibreel (‘alayhis salaam). These lectures include memoriza9on of the Arabic text of the major points, providing an excellent tool for teaching the founda9ons of the religion. By alAllaamah Saalih Ibn Sa’d asSuhaymee Translated by Abu Uways ‘Abdullaah Ahmad ‘Alee (rahimahullaah) www.troid.ca Aqeedah Course by Shaykh Saalih Ibn Sa’d as-Suhaymee , Page 1
Transcript
Aqeedah CourseA course that took place in Philadelphia
An important series of lectures on Aqeedah, beginning with a point to point explana9on of Khutbatul-‐Haajah. In the following audio Shaykh Saalih Ibn Sa’d as-‐Suhaymee (hafidahullaah) explains the purpose of the crea9on of jinn and mankind. Then he goes onto explain the three levels of our religion using the well-‐known hadeeth of Jibreel (‘alayhis-‐salaam).
These lectures include memoriza9on of the Arabic text of the major points, providing an excellent tool for teaching the founda9ons of the religion.
By al-‐Allaamah Saalih Ibn Sa’d as-‐Suhaymee
Translated by Abu Uways ‘Abdullaah Ahmad ‘Alee (rahimahullaah)
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Audio 1: An Explanation of Khutbatul-Haajah A point by point explanation of Khutbatul-Haajah.
Audio 2: The Purpose of our Existence The purpose of the creation of jinn and mankind is to worship Allaah
alone.
Audio 3: The Three Levels of Our Deen Islaam is the submission to Allaah with Tawheed, being compliant with His orders and being pure from shirk and its people.
Audio 4: The Three Levels of Our Deen Eemaan is based on three: saying on the tongue, belief in the heart and actions upon the limbs.
Audio 5: The Three Levels of Our Deen
Audio 6: The Three Levels of Our Deen Ihsaan is worshiping Allaah as if you see Him, and though you cannot see Him then indeed He sees you.
Audio 7: Revision
Audio 8: Closing Remarks
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Shaykh Saalih ibn Sa’d as-Suhaymee started by reciting Khutbatul-Haajah:
All praise and thanks are due to Allaah, we seek His Help and we seek His Forgiveness. We seek refuge with Him from the evil of our souls and the evil of our actions. Whosoever Allaah guides then none can misguide him, and whosoever Allaah leaves to stray then none can guide him. I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship save Allaah, the One Who has no partner and we bear witness that Muhammad (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) is his servant and Messenger.
"O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam), and from him (Aadam) He created his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], and from them both He created many men and women and fear Allaah through Whom you demand your mutual (rights), and (do not cut
the relations of) the wombs (kinship. Surely, Allaah is Ever an All Watcher over you."
[Sooratun-Nisaa'(4):1]
"O you who believe! Fear Allaah (by doing all that He has ordered and by abstaining from all that He has forbidden) as He should be feared. [Obey Him, be thankful to Him, and remember Him always], and die not except in a state of Islaam (as Muslims) with complete submission to
Allaah."
[Soorah Aali-Imraan(3):102]
"O you who believe! Keep your duty to Allaah and fear Him, and speak (always) the truth. He will direct you to do righteous good deeds and will forgive you your sins. And whosoever obeys Allaah and His Messenger, he has indeed achieved a great achievement (i.e. he will be
saved from the Hell-fire and made to enter Paradise).
[Sooratul-Ahzaab(33):70-71]
As for what follows: Verily the most truthful speech is the Word of Allaah and the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad (sallallaahu ' alayhi wa sallam), and the worst of affairs are the newly invented matters (in the Religion) and every newly invented matter is an innovation and every innovation is a going astray and every going astray is in the Fire.
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Firstly, he spoke of the importance of Khutbatul-Haajah:
Khutbatul-Haajah is what a Muslim starts with when he begins to speak about an issue, either mentioning all of it or some of it.
Abdullaah ibn Mas’ood (radiyallaahu ‘anhu) said that the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ‘alahyi wa sallam) used to teach us Khutbatul-Hajjah like he was teaching us a Soorah of the Qur’aan.
Secondly, he explained each part of Khutbatul-Haajah point by point:
All praise and thanks are due to Allaah, we seek His Help and we seek His Forgiveness.
All praise (al-hamd) means praise, thanks and gratefulness is due to Allaah ta’alaa alone with no one as an associate.
• We praise Him alone
• We single Him out alone when asking for help
• We single Him out alone when asking for forgiveness
It is mentioned in plural form, meaning that he and his followers all praise Allaah, all seek His Help and all ask Allaah ta’alaa’s Forgiveness alone without any associates.
We seek refuge with Him from the evil of our souls and the evil of our actions.
The nafs has three levels:
• It is in a state of serenity - this is in a state where all good will come to.
• It is a nafs that is blameworthy - this is in a state where doubts will come to it from time to time, but also some good will come to it.
• It is a nafs that orders us with evil - Allaah has ordered us to seek refuge in Him and ask protection from Him to save us from the evil of ourselves.
It is upon the Muslim to struggle with himself to make his nafs obedient to Allaah ta’alaa. He tries to keep it from those things which are forbidden. As the nafs is like a baby, it depends on how you raise and nourish it:
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If it is raised upon bad or evil, then it is upon bad or evil.
So, it is upon the person to make himself do what is obedient to Allaah ta’alaa.
The hadeeth of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)
O Allaah inspire me with that which is guidance, and save me from the evil of myself.
So this is a du’aa to Allaah to grant a person guidance, to be one that has taqwaa and righteousness and to stay away from desires and the evils of oneself.
Therefore, we need to return to Allaah ta’alaa, to seek help from HIm. We need to seek refuge in Allaah ta’alaa from the evils of the nafs that tries to mislead us and tries to get us to fall into the forbidden. We need Allaah ta’alaa to help us to stay upon that which is righteous and do that which is correct in obedience to Allaah ta’alaa.
Narration of ‘Umar (radiyallaahu ‘anhu)
The smart person is the one who makes his soul submissive and works for the Hereafter. The confident one is the one that lets himself follow his desires wherever they lead him and has false hopes regarding Allaah.
So, the smart, strong believer makes himself submissive to Islaam and he prepares himself for the meeting with Allaah ta’alaa. Therefore, he does that which is pleasing to Allaah ta’alaa.
The one who is weak and confident does not have a strong mind making him follow his desires wherever they lead him to. This is someone who’s end result will not be praiseworthy, not having a good end. For example, a person might say, “I’m young as I am only in my twenties or thirties; when I’m older I will become correct and righteous.” This is what is meant by having false hopes regarding Allaah ta’alaa. How will this miskeen know that Allaah will allow him to live long enough to correct himself? As for one in his youth does good deeds, but then sickness occurs to him; then he will be rewarded for the good deeds he used to do while he was healthy. This is the state of a believer who is strong in his belief and his heart going against his desires; compared to the one who is incompetent and weak following his desires.
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• actions that are saalih (righteous) that will lead a person to a good ending
• actions that are evil that will lead a person to the Hellfire
So, in this khutbah the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) is telling us to seek refuge from Allaah ta’alaa from our evil actions.
Whoever does righteous good deed, it is for (the benefit of) his ownself; and whosoever does evil, it is against his ownself.
[Soorah Fussilat(41):46]
Whosoever Allaah guides then none can misguide him, and whosoever Allaah leaves to stray then none can guide him.
Guidance mentioned here is the hidaayah of tawfeeq - that special grace from Allaah that guides our hearts. Guidance is of two types:
• Guidance of tawfeeq - Allaah places guidance in the hearts of a person
• Guidance of bayaan - Guidance of someone pointing out the way
In the guidance mentioned in Khutbatul-Haajah is the guidance of tawfeeq. Allaah ta’alaa will guide a person or He will misguide. What is to be understood is that guidance and misguidance is in the Hands of Allaah ta’alaa and no one else.
The meaning of the hidaayah of tawfeeq that Allaah ta’alaa guides the heart of the servant is that which we have been ordered to ask Allaah ta’alaa in every salaat:
Guide us to the Straight Way.
The way of those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace, not (the way) of those who earned Your Anger, nor of those who went astray.
[Soorah Al-Faatihah(1):6-7]
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I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship save Allaah, the One Who has no partner and we bear witness that Muhammad (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) is his servant and Messenger.
The Shaykh informs that this is the da’wah of Tawheed that everyone must start with. It is not permissible to start with any other issue when giving da’wah except that you start with Tawheed. You must start calling people to the Oneness of Allaah.
The Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) called to Tawheed alone for thirteen years. Only a few matters of legislation were revealed, until he (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) migrated from Mecca to Medina.
We have been ordered to start with Tawheed:
So know (O Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)) that Laa ilaaha illallaah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allaah), and ask forgiveness for your sin,
[Soorah Muhammad(47):19]
Narrated Ibn Abbaass (radiyallaahu ‘anhu):
When the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) sent Mu’adh to Yemen, he said to him, “You are going to a nation from the people of the Scripture, so let the first thing to which you will invite them, be the Tawheed of Allaah. If they learn that, tell them that Allaah has enjoined on them, five prayers to be offered in one day and one night. And if they pray, tell them that Allaah has enjoined on them Zakaat of their properties and it is to be taken from the rich among them and given to the poor. And if they agree to that, then take from them Zakaat but avoid the best property of the people.”
[Taken from www.sahihalbukhari.com - The Book of Tawheed (#6896)]
So, this is the start and the foundation of the da’wah. Any da’wah that does not start with Tawheed or makes Tawheed its basis, then its da’wah is doomed to fail even if the caller calls for a thousand years. Rather, we are ordered to call to Tawheed and to be upon that foundation.
Is it then he who laid the foundation of his building on piety to Allaah and His Good Pleasure better, or he who laid the foundation of his building on the brink of an undetermined precipice ready to crumble down,
[Soorah At-Taubah(9):109]
There are some people who give da’wah first to those issues that they feel will gather the people, they do not start with Tawheed; this is a mistake. They are like individuals who build a building without foundations and pillars.
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Similarly, a da’wah that does not start with Tawheed will not have a foundational basis, it would be outside of the manhaj of the Prophets and not on the way of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam).
The da’wah to Tawheed is the daw’ah of all of the Messengers. This is what they started their da’wah with. The Prophets called to Allaah by informing the people to worship Allaah, you have no other illaah besides Him.
And verily, We have sent among every Ummaah (community, nation) a Messenger (proclaiming): “Worship Allaah (Alone), and avoid (or keep away from) Taaghut (all false deities, i.e. do not worship Taaghut besides
Allaah.”
[Soorah An-Nahl(16):36]
Tawheed is the foundation, fortress and support base of da’wah. Any da’wah that does not begin with Tawheed is not according to the da’wah of the Messengers of Allaah.
This is pointed out clearly in Khutbatul-Haajah: I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship save Allaah, the One Who has no partner and we bear witness that Muhammad (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) is his servant and Messenger.
When you say: I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship save Allaah - means that I bear witness with my tongue, believe it in my heart and implement it upon my limbs that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah alone, without any associate. It is a conformation that Allaah ta’alaa alone without any associates should be worshipped and that Allaah has no equal, no partner and has no one similar to Him in all areas of Tawheed; whether it be ar-Ruboobiyyah (the Lordship of Allaah), al-Uloohiyyah (only Allaah should be worshipped) or Asmaa’ was-Sifaat (the Names and Attributes of Allaah ta’alaa).
The meaning of Laa ilaaha ill-Allaah is none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah. We give a restriction a word as there are things people worship of falsehood which have no right to be worshipped. This is stated by Ibraheem (alayhi was salaam) by singling out only Allaah to be worshipped:
And (remember) when Ibrahim said to his father and his people: “Verily, I am innocent of what you worship, Except Him (i.e. I worship none but Allaah Alone) Who did create me; and verily, He will guide me.”
[Soorah Az-Zukhruf(43):26-27]
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I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship save Allaah, the One Who has no partner and we bear witness that Muhammad (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) is his servant and Messenger.
These are the two Shahaadatain, they are together and connected. One is not sufficient without the other. If a person bears witness that there is no one worthy of worship except Allaah, but doesn’t bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger; his shahaadah would not be complete. Similarly, if someone bares witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah, but does not want to single out Allaah alone for worship; then also his shahaadah is unacceptable and incomplete. The two shahaadatain must come together to be complete and correct.
If a person bares witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah, but does not bare witness that the other Prophets and Messengers before him were Messengers of Allaah; then his shahaadah is unacceptable, incorrect and not complete.
The true meaning of: and we bear witness that Muhammad (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) is his servant and Messenger would not be correct or acceptable without these four matters:
• confirming everything that the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) brought to be true, whether it is from the Book of Allaah or from the Sunnah; believing in its truthfulness
• obedience to the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in every matter that he has ordered
• staying away from everything that the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) has forbidden from shirk to the smallest of sins
• We don’t worship Allaah ta’alaa except as Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) worshipped Allaah which comes as legislation from Allaah ta’alaa
Then in this blessed khutbah, Khutbatul-Haajah, the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) mentions four ayaat (as the last ayaah contain two ayaat). In all of these ayaat there is a push towards taqwaa (fearing Allaah ta’alaa).
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"O you who believe! Fear Allaah (by doing all that He has ordered and by abstaining from all that He has forbidden) as He should be feared. [Obey Him, be thankful to Him, and remember Him always], and die not except in a state of Islaam (as Muslims) with
complete submission to Allaah."
[Soorah Aali-Imraan(3):102]
He mentioned that the first obligation in this ayah is to have taqwaa. Taqwaa means doing what Allaah ta’alaa orders and staying away from what He has forbidden.
Then, Allaah ta’alaa orders us to strive in His worship and to preserve our Islaam until we die upon that. So we must strive in our worship and preserve our Islaam until death comes to us. This worship and righteous action must be that action which is done sincerely for Allaah ta’alaa and in accordance with the Sunnah of Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam).
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Then the Shaykh (hafidhaullaah) mentioned the next ayah in Khutabtul-Haajaah:
"O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam), and from him (Aadam) He created his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], and from them both He created many men and women and fear Allaah through Whom you demand your mutual (rights),
and (do not cut the relations of) the wombs (kinship. Surely, Allaah is Ever an All Watcher over you."
[Sooratun-Nisaa'(4):1]
O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord:
Here, again Allaah is ordering all mankind to fear Allaah. It is similar to the verse:
O mankind! Worship your Lord (Allaah), Who created you and those who were before you so that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious).
Who has made the earth a resting place for you, and the sky as a canopy, and sent down water (rain) from the sky and brought forth therewith fruits as a provision for you. Then do not set up rivals unto Allaah (in
worship) while you know (that He Alone has the right to be worshipped).
[Soorah Al-Baqarah(2):21-22]
So, Allaah ta’alaa is the Creator and brought us into existence. If He Created us, brought us into existence from nothing and provides for us, then it is a must that we worship Allaah ta’alaa alone.
Who created you from a single person:
The single person is Aadam (alayhi was salaam). All men and women come from Aadam (alayhi was salaam).
..and from him (Aadam) He created his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], and from them both He created many men and women:
Our mother, Huwwa was created from the rib of Aadam (alayhi was salaam). This shows that all of us are from Aadam, and Aadam was from tu’raab (dust or clay), not from monkeys as Darwin claims.
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...and fear Allaah through Whom you demand your mutual (rights), and (do not cut the relations of) the wombs (kinship. Surely, Allaah is Ever an All Watcher over you."
Next, Allaah orders with taqwaa again. He tells us that He is -ra’qee - over us, He sees and watches us. He is aware of any illnesses or sins we might have and we cannot keep it concealed. He knows the deceit of the eyes and He knows what the hearts conceal. Allaah Watches us and He is aware all that we do.
The Shaykh (hafidhallaah) explained the last two verses from Soorahtul-Ahzaab mentioned by our Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Khutbatul-Haajar:
"O you who believe! Keep your duty to Allaah and fear Him, and speak (always) the truth. He will direct you to do righteous good deeds and will forgive you your sins.
And whosoever obeys Allaah and His Messenger, he has indeed achieved a great achievement (i.e. he will be saved from the Hell-fire and made to enter Paradise).
[Sooratul-Ahzaab(33):70-71]
...and speak (always) the truth:
This means a word which is in agreement with the Book of Allaah ta’alaa and the Sunnah of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). If one has taqwaa and always says that which is correct, then Allaah ta’alaa will correct his actions. He will make his actions possess Ikhlaas and be in agreement with the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) . Based on this Allaah ta’alaa will forgive him his sins. Forgiveness means that Allaah will cover his sins and erase them if he has a sincere repentance.
Then Allaah calls to cling to that which has all success in this life and the Hereafter; which is obedience to Him and obedience to the Messenger (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). For a person to be upon righteousness and taqwaa in obedience to Allaah and the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam); then he will achieve a great success that cannot be matched by any other type of success.
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Then the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, in Khutbatul-Haajah:
As for what follows:
In the Arabic language it means ‘to proceed’ and is used as a separation between speech.
Verily the most truthful speech is the Word of Allaah
The greatest and best Speech is that which is the Speech of Allaah ta’alaa. That which Allaah ta’alaa Spoke to Jibreel, and Jibreel related to our Messenger (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). That which Allaah revealed to the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). That is the greatest and truest Speech.
And who is truer in statement than Allaah?
[Soorah An-Nisaa(4):87]
..and the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad (sallallaahu ' alayhi wa sallam):
This means that the best speech after the Speech of Allaah ta’alaa, is the speech of Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). The speech of Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) is contained in the Sunnah, which are his orders, statements, actions and agreements.
..and the worst of affairs are the newly invented matters (in the Religion) and every newly invented matter is an innovation and every innovation is a going astray and every going astray is in the Fire.
The worst of the matters are those that people innovate and introduce newly into the Deen. Every innovation is an increase or addition to the Deen. Any addition to the Deen is the worst of matters. The Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said that every bid’ah is a dalaalah, which is a going astray. Dalaalah means being far from the truth and being lost. A bid’ah is dangerous, as if a person doesn’t make tawbah and return to what is correct, then it leads him to the Hellfire.
The Shaykh (hafidhahullaah) concludes with:
We have heard the words of Khutbatul-Haajah and explained its meanings. He would like everyone to memorise it, so we can start our admonitions with it.
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The Shaykh (hafidhahullaah) started by mentioning Khutbatul-Haajah, then he informed us that he will explain some issues of aqeedah.
Firstly, we will explain is the wisdom behind the creation of Jinn and men.
The jinn is a creation that exists. Allaah created the jinn from fire and men from clay. We affirm that they exist, as we have been informed by text in the Qur’aan and Sunnah. We don’t deny them just because we don’t see them, like some groups of innovators have done.
And the jinn He created from a smokeless flame of fire.[Soorah Ar-Rahmaan(55):15]
Verily, he and Qabiluhu (his soldiers from the jinn or his tribe) see you from where you cannot see them.
[Soorah Al-A’raaf(7):27]
It is from the Wisdom of Allaah ta’alaa that the jinn can see us, but we cannot see them. The Messengership of Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) is to both jinn and men. There are examples in the Qur’aan where the jinn listened to the Qur’aan and accepted the message.
And (remember) when We sent towards you (Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)) a group (three to ten persons) of the jinn, (quietly) listening to the Qur’aan. When they stood in the presence thereof, they
said: “Listen in silence!” And when it was finished, they returned to their people, as warners.They said:”O our people! Verily, we have heard a Book (this Qur’aan) sent down after Moosaa, confirming
what came before it, it guides to the truth and to the Straight Path (i.e. Islaam).”
[Soorah Al-Ahqaaf(46):29-30]
In regards to the wisdom behind the creation in general, it is known by everyone, that Allaah would not create anything for no reason or purpose. Rather, there is a purpose behind Him Creating something. Allaah is al-Hakeem, which means ‘Wise.’ Wisdom dictates that things are put in their proper place. Allaah has Created the creation with great Wisdom.
The believers are submissive when Allaah ta’alaa orders something. When Allaah orders or creates something there is a wisdom. We may or may not know the wisdom, but whatever the case may be, we must submit to Allaah ta’alaa.
The role of the Muslim is implementation. Implementation of that which Allaah ta’alaa has ordered and staying away from that which Allaah ta’alaa has forbidden. We know there is a wisdom behind the order or the prohibition. The purpose behind the creation is to worship Allaah ta’alaa.
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The role of the believer is to submit to the orders of Allaah ta’alaa and His Messenger (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam):
It is not for a believer, man or woman, when Allaah and His Messenger have decreed a matter that they should have any option in their decision. And whoever disobeys Allaah and His Messenger, he has indeed
strayed into a plain error.[Soorah Al-Ahzaab(33):36]
It is a matter of submission to whatever Allaah has ordered and staying away from what He forbids, whether we know the wisdom behind that or not.
Examples of the Sahaabah regarding this issue:
Example of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (radiyallaahu ‘anhu): The night journey of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) that took place from Bait ul Maqdis to the accession to the Heavens. We must believe that this night journey took place with the physical body of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alyhi wa sallam) and his soul. Not that just his soul went on this night journey. The Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) went up to the Heavens, Allaah made obligatory the five daily prayers, Jibreel came with him with his riding animal, all of this taking place in one night.
The Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) traveled from Mecca to Bait al-Maqdis, he went to the seven Heavens and returned, all in the same night. Normally, it would take a months journey to travel from Mecca to Bait al-Maqdis. When he (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) returned, he informed the Quraish of what had happened. The Quraish felt that no one who would here of this would believe that it took place and they would reject the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). The first one they went to tell this story to was Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (radiyallaahu ‘anhu). They thought that he would leave Islaam after hearing this. So they informed him of the Prophet’s (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) night journey. Abu Bakr said after hearing this, “If he said it, then he has told the truth.” As only truth comes out of the mouth of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)
Nor does he speak of (his own) desire.It is only a Revelation revealed.
[Soorah An-Najm(53):3-4]
From that day on Abu Bakr was known as Siddiq, the one who confirms the information in everything that comes from the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam).
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This is an example of implementation, submission and the condition of a believer. Abu Bakr is called as-Siddiq and he was the first caliph.
When the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) informed the Quraish of the night journey, they asked him to describe Bait al-Maqdis. Allaah ta’alaa placed it in front of the eyes of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) so he could look at it and describe it to them. Yet, the hearts of the Quraish were covered and hard from the beginning, so they rejected it.
Example of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab (radiyallaahu ‘anhu):
‘Umar (radiyallaahu ‘anhu) understood, due to his fiqh in deen, his intelligence and him sticking to the limits set by Allaah, that kissing the Black Stone was connecting to following the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) and not a connection to the Black Stone itself for the purpose of worship. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab known as al-Farooq as he could by Allaah’s Permission distinguish truth from falsehood.
Narrated ‘Abis bin Rabia:‘Umar came near the black stone and kissed it and said, “No doubt, I know that you are a stone and can neither benefit anyone nor harm anyone. Had I not seen Allaah’s Apostle kissing you I would not have
kissed you.”[Taken from www.sahihalbukhari.com - The Book of Hajj (#1506)]
So the matter of the Black Stone was implementation and following the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). It was a matter of ibaadah (worship) whether he understood the wisdom or not. But, doing so because the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) had done so.
The way of the Sahaabah (radiyallaahu ‘anhum) was to carry out the orders of Allaah ta’alaa and submit to it, because Allaah ordered it. They stay away from that which Allaah ta’alaa and the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) has forbidden, because it was something that was forbidden, knowing that Allaah ta’alaa does things only for a wisdom. Whether they know that wisdom or not, it does not prevent them from submitting.
The reason why jinn and men were created was for ibaadah - the worship of Allaah ta’alaa.
And I (Allaah) created not the jinn and mankind except that they should worship Me (Alone).
[Soorah Adh-Dhaariyaat(51):56]
In the Arabic language, there is a denial and exception; this gives us an understanding that only this purpose is the reason behind their creation. So, the Jinn and mankind were created to worship Allaah alone, and not to worship anything or anyone else besides Him. They single Allaah ta’alaa alone for worship.
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And they were commanded not, but that they should worship Allaah, and worship none but Him Alone[Soorah Al-Baiyyinah(98):5]
They have been ordered to worship Allaah ta’alaa alone without any associates - to single Him out alone for worship, not to worship anyone or thing besides Him ta’alaa.
Making their religion for Him alone - not doing it for any other purpose, except seeking the pleasure of Allaah ta’alaa, and seeking to see His Face in the Jannah.
Being upright - means to be upright upon the obedience to Allaah ta’alaa.
Then salaah and zakaah - these are mentioned next as they come after Tawheed. They are the two greatest forms of worship. If a servant is able to do these two forms of worship, then other than that is easier upon him. Salaah is the greatest worship of the body, if it is done five times a day in the proper manner, then it will prevent a person falling into evil doing and munkar (the forbidden matters). Zakaah is the greatest form of worship from the wealth. Desires enter the issues of wealth. For one to avoid the selfishness of oneself, he gives a portion prescribed by Allaah of his wealth; then other acts of worship are easier upon him. This uprightness is sticking to the obedience to Allaah and this is the straight Deen.
This shows the order to worship Allaah ta’alaa alone and not to ascribe partners to Him.
The wisdom behind the creation of jinn and men is the worship of Allaah ta’alaa. This requires implementation of what Allaah has ordered and to stay away from what He has forbade. Upon a believer is to submit to Allaah ta’alaa whether or not he understands the wisdom behind it or not. It is not for him to discuss the issue, rather it is for him to submit totally. The one who wants salaam (safety) and success in this world and the Hereafter, then it is upon him to be upon the obedience to Allaah ta’alaa and to worship Allaah until he meets Him.
The enemies of Islaam have been able to affect some people with a dangerous thought, which is delaying issues. For example, putting off something he could do today for tomorrow; or saying, “I’m young, I should enjoy myself. When I’m older I’ll make tawbah to Allaah ta’alaa.” The Shaykh (hafidhahullaah) said that this is a dangerous mindset to have. How does this miskeen know that he will live that long that he will have time to rectify and repent to Allaah? Maybe, that which will destroy all enjoyment, death, will come to him before he is able to correct himself; so he dies in a state of injustice to himself and in this state there is a threat to him of the Hellfire.
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Upon a Muslim is to rush to implement the orders of Allaah ta’alaa and stay away from what He has forbidden, from the age of puberty. He should be raised practicing this issue from the age of seven. It becomes an obligation on him/her when they reach the age of puberty, the age of responsibilities, where they have to implement that which Allaah has ordered and have to stay away from that which Allaah ta’alaa has forbidden. So, the believer should not delay, but he must begin to worship Allaah and implement the orders of Allaah until his death.
And worship your Lord until there comes unto you the certainty (i.e. death).[Soorah Al-Hijr(15):99]
Know that the ages and the lifespan are in the Hands of Allaah alone. The believer does not know what will happen to him within his life or from moment to moment. A person does not when death will come for him.
Verily, the term of Allaah when it comes, cannot be delayed, if you but knew.[Soorah Nuh(71):4]
A believer must always prepare for the meeting with Allaah ta’alaa, and hopes to meet Allaah in a state that Allaah is pleased with him.
he who is happy to meet Allaah, Allaah is pleased to meet him
This is what is connected to the wisdom behind the creation of Jinn and men.
The wisdom of the creation of Jinn and mankind is to worship Allaah Alone.
An evidence of this wisdom is, the statement of Allaah ta’alaa (what translated means):
And I (Allaah) created not the jinn and mankind except that they should worship Me (Alone).
[Soorah Adh-Dhaariyaat(51):56]
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The Shaykh (hafidhahullaah) started by mentioning Khutbatul-Haajah, then he informed us that we will study the three levels of Islaam:
• Islaam with its pillars• Eemaan with its pillars• Ihsaan with its one pillar
We shall explain these levels of Islaam in detail using the well known hadeeth of Jibreel, narrated by ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (radiyallaahu ‘anhu), when he asked the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam), “What is Islaam? What is Eemaan? What is Ihsaan?”
We will start with a definition of Islaam:
Islaam is the submission to Allaah with Tawheed, being compliant with His orders and being pure from shirk and its people.
The Shaykh says that the summarized version of the meaning of Islaam: Islaam means to submit to Allaah ta’alaa with Tawheed. It means to answer the call of Allaah. The purpose of our existence is ibaadah - to worship Him alone in all forms of worship.
Islaam is to submit to Allaah, while singling Him out alone for all forms of worship. Being compliant with what He has ordered means that when a Muslim is ordered to do or refrain from something, then he has no choice but to obey Allaah and obey the Messenger (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam).
Being pure from shirk means that you are innocent of shirk and its people. As, your Islaam is not correct until you disbelieve in all false deities and believe in Allaah with a trustworthy handhold. We must be free from shirk and innocent of the practitioners of shirk.
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The hadeeth of Jibreel, also known as the hadeeth of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab.
On the authority of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab (radiyallaahu ‘anhu) who said:
One day, while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) a man came before us whose clothes were exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly
black. There were no signs of travel seen on him and none of us knew him. He approached and sat down by the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) resting his knees to his and placing the palms of his hands on his thighs, then he said, “O Muhammad, inform me about Islaam.” So the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, “Islaam is to testify that none has the right to be worshipped in truth except Allaah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah, to establish the prayer, to pay the Zakaat, to fast in Ramadhaan and to make the pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (i.e. the Ka’bah in Makkah) if you are able to do so.” He said, “You have spoken the truth,” and we were amazed that he was asking him and telling him that he had spoken the truth. He said, “So inform me about Eemaan (Faith).” He said, “It is to believe in
Allaah, His angels, His books, His Messengers, the Last Day and to believe in the Divine Decree (Qadr), both the good and the evil thereof.” He said, “You have spoken the truth.” He said,
“Then inform me about Ihsaan (i.e. perfection in worship).” He said, “It is to worship Allaah as though you see Him and if you are not able to (worship Allaah as though you) see Him then He
sees you.”...Then he departed and I stayed for a time. So the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, “O ‘Umar, do you know who the questioner was?” I said, “Allaah and His Messenger
know best.” He said, “That was Jibreel who came to teach you your religion.”
[Taken from “Explanatory Notes on Imaam an-Nawawee’s Forty Ahadeeth” by Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (rahimahullaah). Translated by Aboo Mu’aawiyah ‘Aqeel ibn Kenneth Ingram (page 26-27). Related by Muslim (#5)]
Another hadeeth:On the authority of Aboo ‘Abdur Rahmaan ‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab (radiyallaahu ‘anhu), who said:I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) saying, “Islaam has been founded on five (pillars): To testify that none has the right to be worshipped in truth except Allaah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah, to establish the prayer, to pay the Zakaat, to make
the pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (i.e. the Ka’bah in Makkah) and to fast in Ramadhaan.”
[Taken from “Explanatory Notes on Imaam an-Nawawee’s Forty Ahadeeth” by Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (rahimahullaah). Translated by Aboo Mu’aawiyah ‘Aqeel ibn Kenneth Ingram (page 43-44). Related by Bukhaaree (#7)
and Muslim (#16)]
These are the basic five pillars that we will discuss, inshaa’Allaah.
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There are five pillars of Islaam:• the Shahaadatain• establish the prayer• pay the zakaat• fast in Ramadhaan• to make the pilgrimage to the Ka’bah if one is able
The pillars are something that the building is based upon. If the pillars fall, then the building will collapse. These pillars are the greatest importance in Islaam.
The course of these pillars is the actualization of Tawheed and the Shahaadatain; bearing witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah and Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) is the Messenger of Allaah. This should be witnessed on the tongue, believed in the heart and acted out upon the limbs.
This is the first foundation which is the basis of all the other pillars of Islaam. If this pillar is not there, then even if he were to do all the other four pillars it would not be accepted or be of any benefit to him.
The second pillar is salaah (the prayer). The five daily prayers are obligatory throughout the night and day. For the men, the prayers should be done in a group for those who have closeness to a masjid and have no excuse from a legislative standpoint of staying away. Salaah is the first action, after Tawheed, that a person will be responsible and accountable before Allaah ta’alaa. It is the most important act of worship done with ones limbs.
The Messenger (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said:
“Whoever abandons the prayer, then he verily has disbelieved.”
[Taken from www.bakkah.net. Saheeh SunanAt-Tirmithee (#2621(3/44)]
The third pillar is zakaah. It is called the sister of salaah, as it is often mentioned in the Qur’aan after Tawheed.
And perform As-Salaat and give Zakaat[Soorah Al-Baqarah(2):43]
The one who makes salaah without giving zakaah, is like the one who doesn’t make salaah. The one who gives zakaah without praying salaah, then it is like one who didn’t pay zakaah. They are like two sisters together. The greatest worship you can do with your wealth is to pay the zakaah.
But if they repent [by rejecting Shirk (polytheism) and accept Islaamic Monotheism], perform As-Salaat and give Zakaat, then they are your brethren in religion.
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Salaah and zakaah are the most important actions of worship. One is done through the limbs and the other through wealth.
The fourth pillar is fasting in the month of Ramadaan. This is a great act of worship where Allaah has given an extra reward for, which He has not disclosed. This is because the ibaadah for fasting is a secret, as a person does not know if a person is fasting. It is a worship between a person and Allaah ta’alaa.
Narrated Abu Huraira (radiyallaahu ‘anhu):The Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, “By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, the smell coming out from the mouth of a fasting person is better in the sight of Allaah than the smell of musk. (Allaah says about the fasting person), ‘He has left his food, drink and desires for My sake. The fast is for Me, so I
will reward (the fasting person) for it and the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten times.’ “
[Taken from www.sahihalbukhari.com - The Book of Fasting (#1780)]
Allaah ta’alaa has made, for the people who fast, a special door where they will enter, called ar-Rayaan.
The fifth pillar to make Hajj if one is able. This is obligatory to do once in a person’s lifetime. The condition of Hajj is ability to do so, if he is not able, then he does not have to do that.
These are the five pillars of Islaam.
Compliance with total obedience means that an individual does that which Allaah ta’alaa orders in all forms of obedience. A person stays away from all that Allaah has forbidden, in all matters that are disobedience. Whatever is obedience they do it, and whatever is from disobedience, they stay away from it.
A condition of Islaam is to be innocent and free from shirk. This includes doing all that Allaah ta’alaa has ordered and staying away from all that Allaah ta’alaa has forbidden. But, if he doesn’t believe that there is nothing to be worshipped besides Allaah, then his Islaam is invalid.
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Eemaan is must be based on these three matters:• a saying on the tongue• belief in the heart• actions upon the limbs
A saying on the tongue: this is the Shahaadatain, bearing witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah and Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) is the Messenger of Allaah. This saying of the Shahaadah upon the tongue must be based upon knowledge, without knowledge it will not benefit. This saying of the Shahaadah involves action of the limbs, without action it will not benefit.
The Shahaadatain are confirming the fact that only Allaah ta’alaa has the right to be worshipped, exclusively alone without any associates. Only the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) is to be followed and obeyed. Anything besides Allaah ta’alaa should be disbelieved in and its worship must be rejected. Only the worship of Allaah ta’alaa is confirmed. There must be understanding and knowledge regarding this issue, while acting on this issue.
Belief in the heart: the one who says and believes in the Shahaadatain, that which he says on his tongue must be believed in his heart. If a person states the Shahaadatain on his tongue without believing it in his heart, then he would be a munaafiq. As he said that on this tongue that which is not in his heart. And of mankind, there are some (hypocrites) who say: “We believe in Allaah and the Last Day” while in fact
they believe not.[Soorah Al-Baqarah(2):8]
So, a person must believe in his heart, what he is saying upon his tongue. He must say upon his tongue what he believes in his heart. If he does other than that out of deceit or as a hypocrite does, then he would be a hypocrite. What he says on his tongue must be in agreement or accordance to what is in his heart.
Actions upon the limbs: acting out what one says upon the tongue and believes in the heart. This is done by carrying out what Allaah has ordered and leaving that what Allaah has forbidden. He must act upon that which he has witnessed on his tongue and believed in his heart.
All these three are interconnected and are never separated. A statement on the tongue, a belief in the heart and actions upon the limbs are not separated in any way.
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There are some people who ascribe themselves to Islaam by saying the Shahaadah, but they don’t do anything after that. They don’t make salaah, fast or do anything that makes them a Muslim. Then this person is not a Muslim.
O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do?[Soorah As-Saff(61):2]
Narrated Abu Huraira (radiyallaahu ‘anhu):
“Verily Allaah does not look to your bodies nor to your faces but He looks to your hearts.”
[Taken from www.sahihmuslim.com - The Book of Righteousness, Manners and Joining the Ties of Kinship (#6220)]
Al-Hasan al-Basri said:Eemaan is not just by claiming. Eemaan is that which is in the hearts and is confirmed by actions.
These texts and others tell us that eemaan and actions are connected. There is no eemaan without actions and no actions without eemaan. Those individuals that ascribe themselves to Islaam and have taken the Shahaadatain without doing any good, not making salaat, not fasting in Ramadaan, then the Shahaadah does not benefit him. Not the Muslim who falls into sin, you cannot declare him a kaafir.
These three matters are connected, saying on the tongue, belief in the heart and action on the limbs. One does not benefit without the other. One must come with all three for him to have eemaan.
The pillars of eemaan are six:• belief in Allaah• belief in His angels• belief in His Books• belief in His Messengers• belief in the Last Day• belief in the Divine Decree (Qadr), both the good and the evil thereof
If anyone does not believe in anyone of these, then he is a disbeliever. To be a believer he must believe in all six of the pillars of eemaan. If he rejects any one of the Prophets, he has not believed. If he believes in everything except the matters of the Last Day, he has not believed. Or, if he believes in the Books, but not all the Books, he has not believed. The believer is the one who believes in all of these six pillars of eemaan in detail without rejecting any aspects of it.
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The belief in Allaah - we believe that Allaah is the Lord, the Creator, the Master, the Owner of everything, the Grantor of Life and Death. These deal with the worship of Allaah. We believe that Allaah alone has the right to be worshipped - Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah. We believe that Allaah has the best Names and the highest qualities.
Belief in Allaah consists of three matters:
• Believing that Allaah is the Rabb (Lord, Master, Owner, Creator)• Believing that Allaah alone is to be worshipped, all worship must be directed towards Him• Believing that He has the Best Names and the highest qualities of Siffat.
The belief in the Angels - the angels are a Creation of Allaah, which He created from light. He ta’alaa has delegated certain responsibilities to them. Allaah is not in need of the angels, Allaah ta’alaa is Self-Sufficient, free of all wants, in need of nothing. He has created the angels to show His Power and His Ability. These angels have many responsibilities. Some are in charge of the wind, the rain, some are in charge of revelation, some are in charge of blowing the horn, some are in charge of taking the soul at the time of death, some are in charge of writing down the deeds. There are many positions of the angels and it is upon us to believe in every one of them. Everyone has two angels with us, one on the right and one on the left, writing the good or bad deeds. We must believe in them, even though we don’t see them. It is obligatory for us to believe in those angels that Allaah ta’alaa has mentioned their names in detail. Those whose names Allaah has not mentioned to us, we believe in them in a general way. Allaah has mentioned some angels by their names,Jibreel, Maalik, Isra’feel, Munkar and Nakeer.
The belief in the Books - we believe in the Books that Allaah has mentioned the names to us in detail. Those Books that Allaah has not mentioned their names, we believe in them in general. The ones that we believe in detail are the Qur’aan, To’rah, Injeel, Zaboor and that what was given to Ibraheem.
The belief in the Messengers - this includes the Messengers and Prophets of Allaah who were sent to guide His servants. They were all men and not jinn. The final Messenger (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) was sent to jinn and mankind. The ones whose names are known, we believe in detail and those whose names we don’t know, we believe in general. There are twenty-five that Allaah has mentioned in the Qur’aan. Starting with Aadam, then the five: Muhammad, Nuh, Eesaa, Moosa and Ibraheem (alayhi salaatu was sallam). Seven are mentioned in Soorah An-Nisaa. Eighteen are mentioned in Sooran Al-An’aam. They are also mentioned in other chapters of the Qur’aan. We are to believe in everyone of them, those that have been mentioned by name, in detail and those who we don’t know their names, in general. He who believes in all of the Prophets but rejects one, is a kaafir, even if he fulfills all the obligations of Islaam and leaves all those matters that Allaah has forbidden.
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Say (O Muslims): “We believe in Allaah and that which has been sent down to us and that which has been sent down to Ibraheem, Ismaa’il, Ishaaq, Ya’qoob and to Al-Asbaat [the offspring of the twelve sons of Ya’qoob], and that which has been given to Moosa and Eessa, and that which has been given to the
Prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and to Him we have submitten (in Islaam).”
[Soorah Al-Baqarah(2):136]
So Islaam makes it obligatory that we believe in all of the Prophets and Messengers. He who rejects one is a disbeliever. If he curses one, he is a disbeliever. He who finds deficiency in one, is a disbeliever. He who rejects any part of the message, is a disbeliever. It is obligatory for us to have eemaan in those Messengers that we have been told about in detail and those who have been told about in general. We must believe that the seal of all the Prophets is Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). There will be no Prophet or Messenger after him. Anyone who believes there is a Prophet after the Prophet Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) is not a believer.
The belief in the Last Day - belief in the Day of Resurrection includes belief in the ease of the grave for the believers and the punishment for the disbeliever and the sinners amongst the believers. The punishment or bliss in the grave upon the soul happens whether his body is together or not, Allaah has the ability to do all things. Includes belief in the Resurrection, this occurs with their bodies and their souls. Their bodies and souls will be brought back together, then Allaah ta’alaa will place life back in them. Allaah is the One who created them the first time, so He will bring them back to life again.
Thereof (the earth) We created you, and into it We shall return you, and from it We shall bring you out once again.
[Soorah Taa-Haa(20):55]
This includes belief in the Hawd of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). He has a fountain that is white as milk and as sweet as honey, it is wide as a months journey and whoever drinks from it will never be thirsty. Also, belief in the Scales, that Allaah ta’alaa will weigh the actions of the believers of the creation. Also, belief that the people will be handed their book either in the left or right hand,or behind their back. Also, belief in the Siraat (the bridge) over the Hellfire, which the individuals will cross in accordance with their actions. Also, belief in the Jannah and Hellfire, that they will be filled.
The belief in the Decree of Allaah - the belief that everything is written by Allaah. Whatever has passed would not have missed him and whatever has missed him would not have happened to him. Everything happens according to a fixed decree. Verily, We have created all things with Qadar (Divine Preordainments of all things before their creation as
written in the Book of Decrees - Al-Lauh Al-Mahfuzz)[Soorah Al-Qamar (54):49]
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Belief in Qadr involves believing in four matters:
• the all encompassing Knowledge of Allaa ta’alaa, that Allaah Knows what will be, what has been and that what would have been. Nothing is hidden from Allaah, He has Knowledge of all things.
• belief that Allaah wrote everything that will happen, everything that He Decreed before He created the Heavens and the Earth, fifty thousand years before He created the creation, and His Throne was over the water.
• the belief that the Will of Allaah ta’alaa is the extensive Will of Allaah. That which Allaah Wills will be and which He does not Will will not be.
• Allaah created everything in agreement to what He Decreed.
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The third level of Islaam is ihsaan, which is the highest level of Islaam. As it has come in the hadeeth of Jibreel.
Al-Ihsaan is the highest level of Islaam and the highest level of eemaan. Nothing is beyond this level. Allaah ta’alaa has split the Muslims into three groups. It has the same meaning as the hadeeth of Jibreel.
Then We gave the Book (the Qur’aan) as inheritance to such of Our slaves whom We chose (the followers of Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)). Then of them are some who wrong their ownselves, and of
them are some who follow a middle course, and of them are some who are, by Allaah’s Leave, foremost in good deeds. That (inheritance of the Qur’aan)- that is indeed a great Grace.
[Soorah Faatir(35):32]
All of them are Muslims on three different levels and all are chosen. What is meant by ‘chosen’ is that they are Muslims, and they are Muslims on different levels. What is meant by ‘We gave the Book’ is that it is taken by those who He chose for His worship, they are the followers of Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) upon the different levels. All of them are believers and Muslims, but they are on different levels.
The first of them are:Then of them are some who wrong their ownselves
They are those who commit sins and die before they make tawbah, but he is upon Tawheed. So, this refers to Muslims that have committed sins.
and of them are some who follow a middle course,
This is the one who performs all of the obligations and he stays away from those things that Allaah has forbidden; but he doesn’t do any extra acts of worship that would take him to the level of ihsaan. So, he is a believer who does that which Allaah orders him to do and stays away from that which Allaah has forbidden, but doesn’t do any extra acts of worship to take him to the level of ihsaan.
and of them are some who are, by Allaah’s Leave, foremost in good deeds.
This is the one who has the level of ihsaan. He does that which Allaah ta’alaa has ordered and stays away from everything that Allaah has forbidden, then he adds to that extra optional good deeds. For example, he prays tahajjud, he does the extra fasts, he’ll give sadaqah, he makes Hajj and Umrah more than once. So, he strives to do that which is extra and rushes to do good, this is the highest level.
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These are the three levels of a Muslim or the believer. Each one of them can be described as possessing eemaan. The one who is sinning is called a believer who is deficient in eemaan. The one who has Tawheed, but he has sins and dies while committing these sins without repenting to Allaah ta’alaa, then he is under the Will of Allaah. If Allaah wants He will forgive him out of His Mercy; if He wants He will punish him out of His Justice.
Verily, Allaah forgives not (the sin of) setting up partners (in worship) with Him, but He forgives whom He wills, sins other than that
[Soorah An-Nisaa(4):116]
Therefore, this is the sinner who knows he is wrong, but his desires have overtaken him or shaytaan has overtaken him. If this individual dies upon Tawheed, not committing shirk and not leaving off salaah; then he is under the Will of Allaah. If He wants He will forgive him and if He wants He will punish him.
A Muslim that commits a major sin and he knows that he is wrong, is the one that we are referring to. If someone says that which is haraam is okay to do and it is halaal, then this person is a disbeliever. He has made lawful that which Allaah has made unlawful. So, even if he makes salaat and pays zakaat, but he considers one of these sins to be lawful, then he has left Islaam.
This is to be understood well, as people have fallen into two extremes regarding this issue. One type have been lax regarding this issue and others exaggerating the issue.
The position of the people of the Sunnah is the one who commits a major sin from the Muslims, and does not consider it lawful, knowing it is wrong, then he is under the Will of Allaah.
As long as he died upon Tawheed, he will not remain in the Hellfire forever. Being in the Hellfire forever is just for the disbelievers.
So, the manhaj of Ahl-us-Sunnah- wal-Jamaa’ah is that if a person commits a major sin and knows that he is wrong and dies committing that sin without repenting and is under Tawheed, is under the Will of Allaah. If Allaah Wills He will punish him by His Justice and if He Wills He will forgive him out of His Mercy. This individual will not remain in the Hellfire forever. This is the position of Ahl-us-Sunnah, they are in the middle. Those who have erred are the Khawaarij, the Mu’tazilah and the present day Takfiries. They say that a Muslim that commits any sin is a kaafir, whether he believes it to be lawful or unlawful, it doesn’t matter. They believe he is a kaafir and in the Hellfire forever. The other extreme are the Mur’jiyyah. They claim that anyone stating the Shahaadah can commit any sin after that. Ahl-us-Sunnah are in the middle.
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A summary of the correct position, of a person dying committing sins, not believing that sin to be lawful.
He can be called : a mu’min that is deficient in his eemaan a mu’min that commits sins a mu’min that is also a faasiq
• The one who commits major sins and has Tawheed, not considering those sins to be halaal, not repenting before his death, is within the circle of eemaan. But, he is a believer that is deficient in his eemaan, a believer that commits sins or a believer that is also a faasiq.
• This individual is under the Will of Allaah. If Allaah Wills He will forgive him out of His Mercy or if Allaah Wills He will punish him out of His Justice.
• If Allaah punishes him out of His Justice and places him in the Hellfire, then he does not remain in the Hellfire forever. He only remains in the Hellfire for a period of time for cleansing, then he will be brought out.
• There are certain individuals that are covered by the intercession of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). The Prophets, the angels, righteous people and children can intercede for this individual.
• Ahl-us-Sunnah-wal-Jamaa’ah have consensus that anyone who makes lawful that which is known to be forbidden in the legislation of Islaam, then he has left Islaam.
Now, we will return to the meaning of ihsaan from the hadeeth of Jibreel.
In the hadeeth:
Ihsaan is worshipping Allaah as though you see Him. Even though you don’t see Him, He Sees you.
Truly, Allaah is with those who fear him (keep their duty unto Him), and those who are Muhsinun (good-doers).
[Soorah An-Nahl(16):128]
When a Muslim endeavors to do any worship, then he thinks in his mind and heart of the greatness of Allaah. He will do that act of worship as if he sees Allaah in front of him, knowing Allaah ta’alaa sees him in every moment, he has this feeling while doing this act of worship.
While doing an act of worship, a person thinks about the greatness of Allaah ta’alaa to such an extent, that it is as if he sees Allaah in front of him.
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For example, if you are under supervision in a work situation, then you would probably do the best work that you have ever done. If he’s not around then you might be light in this regard, and not give the attention that the work deserves.
So what about Allaah ta’alaa who knows everything and sees everything, who is watching us? So when a believer performs an act of ibaadah, he should keep in mind that Allaah ta’alaa is watching him, and he should act as if he sees Allaah. The Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said that you can’t do that, but know that Allaah sees you. The effect that it would have on your worship is tremendous.
The matter of ihsaan is an important matter to understand. If a whispering comes to you from shaytaan to do something incorrect, remember the statement of Allaah ta’alaa
Verily, those who are Al-Muttaqun (the pious), when an evil thought comes to them from shaytaan, they remember (Allaah), and (indeed) they then see (aright).
[Soorah Al-A’raaf(9):201]
The remembrance of Allaah will turn an individual from committing a sin. If a person is about to commit a sin, remember Allaah and leave the sin; then Allaah will give a good reward. This is a matter of the inward eemaan and the outward eemaan. We are aware that Allaah ta’alaa is watching us. This will help us not to commit sins. The awareness of Allaah prevents a person from falling into that which is forbidden.
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