Date post: | 18-Jan-2017 |
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Aquatic Biome
• it makes up the largest part of the biosphere
• There are two main types of Aquatic Biomes: 1.Freshwater
2. Marine• High biodiversity
• The amount of dissolved materials present• The depth of water• The availability and quality of light• The nature of the bottom substrate• Water temperature and circulating System
Three Main Ecological Groups1. Plankton– organisms incapable of
swimming from current system to another current system (floating)
Two Major Categories 1. Phytoplankton- plant
plankton2. Zooplankton- animal
plankton
Three Main Ecological Groups
• 2. Nekton - stronger swimming
species that are capable of swimming between current system
Examples: fishes, squids and whales
Three Main Ecological groups
3. Benthos - attached organisms
or resting on bottom mostly filter feeders
Examples: seaweeds,
barnacles and lobsters
FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM
• It makes up only 0.01% of the worlds water and approximately 0.08% of earth’s surface
• Have a salt concentration of less than 1%,• Covers Ponds ,lakes streams and rivers
Two distinct categories of Freshwater Ecosystem
1. Lotic System - Running water - It includes streams and
rivers2. Lentic System - Calm water - includes Lakes and ponds
Streams and Rivers (LOTIC SYSTEM)
• These are bodies of flowing water moving in one direction
• has higher oxygen levels
3 DIFFERENT ZONES IN LOTIC SYSTEM
1. Littoral zone - shoreline, shallow
water region with light penetrating up to bottom with rooted plants
2. Limnetic - open water zone to
depth of effective light penetration
3. Profundal - bottom and deep
water area beyond effective light penetration ( absent in ponds)
In lotic system ….• Critical water velocity is
50 cm/sec
• Lotic food chains are detritus based
PONDS AND LAKES
• These regions range in size from just a few square meters to thousands of square kilometers.
• Ponds and lakes may have limited species diversity since they are often isolated from one another
Classification of Lake
1. Eutrophic lakes - well nourished lake - shallow - very poor visibility
2. Oligotrophic Lakes - a poorly nourished lake - Often deep w/ deep banks
3. Mesotrophic Lake - lake with moderate
supply -these are lakes that fall
between ntwo extreme of nutrient enrichment
WETLANDS
• Wetlands are areas of standing water that support aquatic plants
• Many species of amphibians, reptiles, birds (such as ducks and waders), and furbearers can be found in the wetlands
MARINE ECOSYSTEM
• The largest of all the ecosystems• Oceans are very large bodies of water that
dominate the Earth's surface. • Ocean contains the richest diversity of species
even though it contains fewer species than there are on land.
4 ZONES
1. Intertidal zone - is where the ocean
meets the land — sometimes it is submerged and at other times exposed, as waves and tides come in and out
2. Pelagic zone -includes those
waters further from the land, basically the open ocean
3. Benthic zone - is the area
below the pelagic zone, but does not include the very deepest parts of the ocean
4.Abyssal zone -deep ocean -The water in this
region is very cold (around 3° C), highly pressured, high in oxygen content, but low in nutritional content
CORAL REEFS
• Sometimes called “Tropical Rainforest of the Ocean”
• They can be found as barriers along continents
• Highly diverse in species
3 TYPES OF CORAL REEFS
1. FRINGING REEFS -coral reefs that are
close to the shore, separated by low waters
2. BARRIER REEFS -Reefs that are at least
10 kilometers away from land are called barrier reefs.
3. ATOLL REEFS -A circular coral island
that is far away from land is called an atoll
- Atolls form when coral develops on a volcanic island that has sunk below the wateR
ESTUARINES• Are areas where
freshwater streams or rivers merge with the Ocean
• Microflora like algae, and macroflora, such as seaweeds, marsh grasses, and mangrove trees (only in the tropics), can be found here.
• Estuaries support a diverse fauna, including a variety of worms, oysters, crabs, and waterfowl.
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